CN215844838U

CN215844838U - High-value recovery system for household garbage

Info

Publication number: CN215844838U
Application number: CN202120642122.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈子璇; 郑苇; 高波; 靳俊平; 马换梅; 李波
Original assignee: North China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: North China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2022-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a be used for domestic waste high-valued recovery system, includes to receive material and feed system, rough concentration screening system, the letter sorting system and the biological mummification system of high temperature that become more meticulous, receive material and feed system including receiving material hole, slat feeder and broken bag machine, rough concentration screening system includes artifical sorting conveyor, one-level screening machine, second grade screening machine, de-ironing separator A, B, C and air separator, the letter sorting system that becomes more meticulous is including spring screening machine, photoelectric separator and the vortex sorting machine that loops through conveyor intercommunication, the air separator intercommunication in spring screening machine and the rough concentration screening system, the fermentation storehouse of high temperature biological mummification system passes through conveyor and the de-ironing separator C intercommunication in the rough concentration screening system, receives the rubbish undersize thing after the rough concentration screening. The system can improve the recovery rate of the domestic garbage to the maximum extent and improve the discharge quality, thereby realizing high-valued and resource recovery of the domestic garbage.

Description

High-value recovery system for household garbage

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a high-valued recovery system for household garbage and a treatment process thereof.

Background

Household garbage is solid waste produced in daily life of people and can be divided into four main categories: can recover garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful garbage and other garbage. The recyclable garbage comprises paper, metal, plastic, glass and the like, and can be recycled through comprehensive treatment, so that resources are saved; the kitchen waste comprises perishable wastes such as leftovers, bones, roots, leaves and the like, and has high water content; harmful garbage comprises waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, overdue medicines and the like, and needs to be safely disposed; other garbage comprises bricks and tiles, ceramics, muck and the like except the garbage of the types, and has low recycling value.

The domestic garbage treatment technology in China mainly comprises 3 types of sanitary landfill, incineration and compost (including comprehensive treatment plants), and the sanitary landfill and the incineration are used as main treatment means.

The sanitary landfill disposal of the domestic garbage is the most widely adopted treatment technology at present, the land can be reused after the primary domestic garbage is subjected to long-time biochemical degradation and tends to be stable, the period is long, the leachate generated by the garbage has the risk of leaking and polluting the surrounding soil and underground water, and the land occupation cost is high.

The household garbage incineration disposal is a treatment technology which is vigorously developed in China, has the advantages of small occupied area, high reduction rate and the like, all materials in the household garbage are mixed and incinerated, the requirement of the concept of a circulating society is not met, simultaneously, the mixing of the kitchen garbage causes the high moisture content of the materials, the heat value is reduced, auxiliary fuel needs to be added for the incineration disposal, and the subsequent flue gas treatment cost and difficulty are increased.

The application of the domestic garbage composting treatment technology is relatively limited at present, the content of impurities in the product is high, the quality is low, and effective outlet and market are lacked.

In summary, it can be seen that the existing domestic garbage treatment technology has the defects of single mode, low resource utilization rate and the like, and a process and a system for high-valued recovery of domestic garbage are required to be searched, so that sorting recovery and resource utilization of recoverable matters in the domestic garbage are realized, the garbage heat value is improved, the transportation cost is reduced, and subsequent resource utilization is facilitated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a high-valued recovery system for household garbage, which comprehensively treats the household garbage by adopting the technologies of full-quantitative sorting and perishable component high-temperature biological drying, can improve the recovery rate of the household garbage to the maximum extent, and improves the discharge quality, thereby realizing high-valued and resource recovery of the household garbage.

The utility model also aims to provide the treatment process for the high-valued domestic garbage recycling system, which solves the application defect of the existing single process by sorting, drying, burning and recycling and simultaneously utilizing multiple process coupling.

As the conception, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that: a high-valued recovery system for household garbage, which comprises a receiving and feeding system and a roughing and screening system, the receiving and feeding system comprises a receiving pit, a plate feeder and a bag breaker, the roughing screening system comprises a manual sorting conveyor, a primary screening machine, a secondary screening machine, an iron remover A, B, C and a winnowing machine, the garbage sorted by the manual sorting conveyor is input into a feeding port of the primary screening machine, a discharging port is respectively connected with the iron remover A and a crusher, the iron remover A is connected with a containing container, the crusher is connected with a packing machine, the undersize materials sorted by the primary screening machine are input into the feeding port of the secondary screening machine, the screened oversize materials and the screened undersize materials are respectively input into the winnowing machine and a high-temperature biological drying system after being sorted by the iron remover B and the iron remover C through the discharging port, and the screened light materials and the screened heavy materials are respectively input into a refining sorting system and a building material production module through the discharging port of the winnowing machine; the method is characterized in that: still including the letter sorting system and the biological mummification system of high temperature that become more meticulous, the letter sorting system that becomes more meticulous includes spring screening machine, photoelectric separator and the vortex sorter that loops through conveyor intercommunication, and the air separator intercommunication in spring screening machine and the coarse screening system receives the light thing that the air separator sieved out, and this light thing loops through photoelectric separator and vortex sorter again and chooses the recoverable wastes material of high quality wherein to retrieve, the biological mummification system of high temperature includes the fermentation storehouse, and the fermentation storehouse passes through the de-ironing separator C intercommunication in conveyor and the coarse screening system, receives the rubbish undersize thing after the coarse screening.

Further, the plate feeder adopts a chain type fish scale plate conveyor, and a bag breaking machine and a material homogenizing roller are arranged on the discharge side.

Further, the bag breaking machine is a drum-type bag breaking machine, and a blade is arranged inside the bag breaking machine.

Furthermore, the manual sorting conveyor is a conveying belt, and manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the manual sorting conveyor.

Further, the primary screening machine is a screw screening machine.

Further, the crusher is a roller type coarse crusher.

Further, the iron remover A, B, C is a strong magnetic iron remover.

Further, the secondary screening machine is a butterfly-shaped screening machine.

Furthermore, the winnowing machine adopts a horizontal winnowing machine.

The utility model has the following advantages and positive effects:

1. according to the utility model, a fine sorting system is added on the basis of the traditional sorting process to perform fine screening on the household garbage, so that the recycling recovery rate of the household garbage can be improved;

2. according to the bounce screen grading of the fine sorting system, 2D and 3D materials in the light materials on the screen screened by the rough sorting system are sorted out, so that the subsequent sorting efficiency can be improved, and the product quality can be improved;

3. the utility model carries out photoelectric sorting on the light substances sorted by the winnowing machine, and can improve the product quality;

4. the utility model aims at carrying out high-temperature biological drying on perishable garbage in the household garbage sorted by the roughing screening system to prepare organic fuel for resource incineration, and the outlet is stable and reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1: the utility model provides a high-valued recovery system for household garbage, which comprises a receiving and feeding system, a roughing screening system, a fine sorting system and a high-temperature biological drying system.

1. Receive material and feed system including receiving hole, slat feeder and bag-breaking machine, set up the weighbridge before the receiving hole, native domestic waste is loaded by dump truck, pours into the receiving hole after weighing through the weighbridge, there is certain slope at the bottom of the receiving hole to the platform of unloading, and the leachate that produces in the convenient receiving hole gathers to leachate through the grid and collects the canal, and the back pump sending is handled to the sewage treatment station and is discharged after up to standard, slat feeder adopts chain fish scale board conveyer, sets up bag-breaking machine and is equipped with the homocline roller at the delivery side, the bag-breaking machine is drum-type bag-breaking machine, and inside sets up the blade, can cut open the wrapping bag in the domestic waste, fully releases and dial even domestic waste to even cloth, drum-type bag-breaking machine can trade the rotation direction, avoids the winding card to die.

2. Roughing screening system includes artifical sorting conveyer, one-level screening machine, the second grade screening machine, de-ironing separator A, B, C and air separator, the rubbish that the manual sorting conveyer of feed inlet input of one-level screening machine was chosen out, the discharge gate is connected with de-ironing separator A and breaker respectively, de-ironing separator A is connected with container, the breaker is connected with the baling press, the undersize thing that the one-level screening machine was chosen out is input to the feed inlet of second grade screening machine, the oversize thing that the discharge gate will be sieved out and undersize thing are input to air separator and high temperature biological drying system after choosing out through de-ironing separator B, C respectively, light material and the heavy material that the discharge gate of air separator will be sieved out input respectively to sorting system and building materials production module that becomes more meticulous.

The manual sorting conveyor is a conveying belt, manual sorting stations are arranged on two sides of the conveying belt, the operation space of workers is separated from other sorting workshops, and a micro negative pressure deodorization system and an ion fresh air system are arranged to ensure a manual operation environment;

the primary screening machine is a screw screening machine, can sort the garbage into oversize heavy objects, oversize light objects and undersize objects, can ensure that the garbage is not wound in the screening process, and has no requirement on the water content of the garbage;

the crusher is a roller type coarse crusher, and is used for crushing light materials on a screen from a screw screening machine and large garbage manually sorted, and the particle size of the crushed materials is less than or equal to 200 mm;

the iron remover A, B, C is a strong magnetic iron remover, and can pick out magnetic ferrous metal from non-magnetic materials and recover ferrous metal in garbage;

the secondary screening machine is a butterfly-shaped screening machine, and can further screen undersize materials from the screw screening machine, wherein the particle size of the undersize materials is less than or equal to 80 mm;

the air separator adopts a horizontal air separator, and heavy objects and light objects in oversize objects are distinguished by adjusting wind power. The light weight is mostly plastic, waste paper and other recyclable materials, and the heavy weight is mostly broken bricks and tiles and the like.

3. The sorting system that becomes more meticulous includes spring screening machine, photoelectric separator and the vortex sorter that loops through conveyor intercommunication, and the light thing that the selection machine sieved is received in the air separator intercommunication of spring sieve and the screening system that roughens, and this light material loops through photoelectric separator and vortex sorter again and picks out the recoverable wastes material of high quality wherein and retrieve through the baling press.

The bounce screening machine sorts garbage into 3D materials and flaky 2D materials, the 3D materials sorted out are mostly PET bottles, PP bottles, PE bottles, tetra Pak bags and the like, and the 2D materials are mainly paper sheets, plastic sheets and the like;

the photoelectric sorting machine sorts out PET bottles, PP bottles, PE bottles, tetra Pak bags and the like in the light substances which are separated by air according to the reflection characteristics of the surfaces of the materials, so that the recycling recovery rate is improved;

the eddy current separator effectively screens nonferrous metals in the garbage by utilizing an electromagnetic principle, automatically separates the nonmetallic materials from metals and the nonferrous metals, and recovers the nonferrous metals;

the baling press can compress the rubbish of sorting out and beat the bundle to reduce the transportation volume.

4. The high-temperature biological drying system comprises a fermentation bin, wherein the fermentation bin is communicated with an iron remover in the roughing screening system through a conveying device and receives the screened garbage undersize materials.

The fermentation storehouse is the bar fermentation storehouse, and rubbish undersize thing is sent to the bar fermentation storehouse in through band conveyer and is carried out the biological mummification of slot type. An aeration system and a leachate collecting system are arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, the aeration system supplies oxygen for compost garbage in the fermentation bin, and a turner is used for ensuring that the garbage pile is always in an aerobic state, so that the temperature rise and drying of the garbage pile are accelerated; the leachate collecting system collects leachate and then pumps the leachate to a sewage treatment system; the odor discharged from the fermentation chamber is treated by a deodorization system and then discharged after reaching the standard.

The operation process for the high-valued domestic garbage recovery system comprises the following steps:

1. the method comprises the following steps of receiving and feeding household garbage: after the domestic garbage is classified and collected, the dump truck is weighed by a wagon balance and then unloaded to the receiving pit, then the domestic garbage in the pit is grabbed to the chain plate feeder by the bridge crane with the grab bucket, and the collected and transported garbage is conveyed to the bag breaking machine for bag breaking through the chain plate feeder.

2. The method comprises the following steps of (1) roughing and screening the household garbage: uniformly distributing the broken garbage on a manual sorting platform, arranging manual sorting positions on two sides of the platform, manually picking out large garbage and fabrics in the garbage, conveying the large garbage and the fabrics to a crusher, crushing the large garbage and the fabrics (less than or equal to 200mm), and packaging the large garbage and the fabrics for resource incineration utilization; manually picked glass bottles and plastics are placed in a storage container for direct resource recovery; conveying the sorted residual garbage to a screw screening machine to sort the residual garbage into oversize heavy materials, oversize light materials and undersize materials, conveying the oversize heavy materials (more than or equal to 300mm) to an iron remover A, sorting out the magnetic ferrous metals in the oversize heavy materials for recycling, and conveying the residual garbage to a building material production module for resource utilization; conveying the light substances (more than or equal to 300mm) on the screen to a crusher for crushing, packaging and carrying out resource incineration; undersize (less than or equal to 300mm) is conveyed to a disc-shaped sieving machine by a belt conveyor. Screening the garbage into oversize materials (larger than or equal to 80mm) and undersize materials (smaller than or equal to 80mm) by a dish-shaped screening machine, sorting out magnetic ferrous metals from the undersize materials by an iron remover C, and then sending the magnetic ferrous metals to a high-temperature biological drying system for treatment; and after the magnetic ferrous metal is sorted out by the iron remover B, the oversize materials are conveyed to a winnowing machine to be separated into heavy materials and light materials, the heavy materials are conveyed to a building material production module for resource recycling, and the light materials are conveyed to a bouncing screening machine for further fine sorting.

3. Fine sorting of the household garbage: the light materials are sorted into 2D light materials and 3D light materials by a bouncing screening machine. Sorting PE, PP and paper in the 2D light substances by a photoelectric sorting machine, packaging and recycling; and 3D light substances are sorted layer by layer through a photoelectric sorting machine, PET bottles, PE bottles, PP bottles, tetra Pak paper and the like in the 3D light substances are picked out for value recovery, and the rest garbage is sorted out of nonferrous metals by an eddy current sorting machine for recovery and then packed together with sorted residues of the 2D light substances for resource incineration.

4. The high-temperature biological drying step of the household garbage: the coarsely sorted garbage with the particle size of less than or equal to 80mm and containing more perishable substances is conveyed to a high-temperature biological drying workshop through a belt conveyor, the garbage is unloaded into a fermentation bin through an even distributing machine, and after the garbage is heated, insulated and cooled for a certain period, the water content of the garbage pile is greatly reduced, and organic matters are fully degraded. And during the reaction, oxygen required by high-temperature drying is injected into the garbage pile through aeration holes arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, and meanwhile, the garbage pile is turned and stirred through the groove type turner so as to ensure that the inside of the pile is always in an aerobic state. And the leachate generated in the period is collected at the bottom of the bin and then is sent to a sewage treatment system. The odor discharged by the whole high-temperature drying plant is deodorized by the biological filter and then discharged after reaching the standard.

On the basis of the classified collection and transportation of the household garbage, the bounce screen, the photoelectric separator and the vortex separator are utilized to carry out fine separation so as to improve the resource recovery rate and the discharge quality of the household garbage. The treatment process of the utility model carries out resource recovery after the domestic garbage is totally classified and sorted, and comprises the following steps: resource recovery, resource incineration and building material production, and realizes zero landfill of waste.

The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or principle of the present invention, which falls into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-valued recovery system for household garbage, which comprises a receiving and feeding system and a roughing and screening system, the receiving and feeding system comprises a receiving pit, a plate feeder and a bag breaker, the roughing screening system comprises a manual sorting conveyor, a primary screening machine, a secondary screening machine, an iron remover A, B, C and a winnowing machine, the garbage sorted by the manual sorting conveyor is input into a feeding port of the primary screening machine, a discharging port is respectively connected with the iron remover A and a crusher, the iron remover A is connected with a containing container, the crusher is connected with a packing machine, the undersize materials sorted by the primary screening machine are input into the feeding port of the secondary screening machine, the screened oversize materials and the screened undersize materials are respectively input into the winnowing machine and a high-temperature biological drying system after being sorted by the iron remover B and the iron remover C through the discharging port, and the screened light materials and the screened heavy materials are respectively input into a refining sorting system and a building material production module through the discharging port of the winnowing machine; the method is characterized in that: still including the letter sorting system and the biological mummification system of high temperature that become more meticulous, the letter sorting system that becomes more meticulous includes spring screening machine, photoelectric separator and the vortex sorter that loops through conveyor intercommunication, and the air separator intercommunication in spring screening machine and the coarse screening system receives the light thing that the air separator sieved out, and this light thing loops through photoelectric separator and vortex sorter again and chooses the recoverable wastes material of high quality wherein to retrieve, the biological mummification system of high temperature includes the fermentation storehouse, and the fermentation storehouse passes through the de-ironing separator C intercommunication in conveyor and the coarse screening system, receives the rubbish undersize thing after the coarse screening.

2. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plate feeder adopts a chain type fish scale plate conveyor, and a bag breaking machine and a material homogenizing roller are arranged on the discharge side.

3. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bag breaking machine is a drum-type bag breaking machine, and a blade is arranged inside the bag breaking machine.

4. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manual sorting conveyor is a conveying belt, and manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the manual sorting conveyor.

5. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary screening machine is a screw screening machine.

6. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crusher is a roller type coarse crusher.

7. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the iron remover A, B, C is a strong magnetic iron remover.

8. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary screening machine is a butterfly screening machine.

9. The high-value recycling system for household garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the winnowing machine adopts a horizontal winnowing machine.