CN215658527U - Welded joint of aluminum-steel dissimilar metal - Google Patents
Welded joint of aluminum-steel dissimilar metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN215658527U CN215658527U CN202121160537.6U CN202121160537U CN215658527U CN 215658527 U CN215658527 U CN 215658527U CN 202121160537 U CN202121160537 U CN 202121160537U CN 215658527 U CN215658527 U CN 215658527U
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Abstract
A welded joint of dissimilar metal of aluminum steel, through changing the welding seam structure of the spot welding seam of dissimilar metal of aluminum steel, make the convex structure of steel in the aluminium steel interface inside spot welding seam, make the convex structure of steel extend and imbed in the aluminium work piece to the aluminium work piece direction protrusion from the steel work piece, heat the joint in order to obtain the aluminium steel interface of metallurgical bonding at the same time, in the convex structure peripheral area of steel in the welded joint, adopt and melt the welding method and produce the annular welding seam around the convex structure of steel to the aluminium work piece from the steel work piece, the peripheral joint strength of spot welding seam has been strengthened on the one hand to the annular welding seam, on the other hand forms unique welded joint structure with the convex structure of steel mutually supporting. According to the utility model, the joint structure of the spot welding seam is optimized, so that the overall mechanical property of the spot welding seam of the dissimilar metal of the aluminum steel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of dissimilar metal material welding, and particularly relates to a welding joint of aluminum steel dissimilar metal.
Background
In order to realize the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction, the automobile industry provides an automobile lightweight development concept, so that the automobile body structure is optimized and more high-strength steel and light alloy are selected to manufacture the automobile body on the premise of ensuring the safety of the automobile body in the design of the automobile structure, wherein the aluminum alloy is taken as the light alloy which is most widely applied and is increasingly popular in the manufacture of the automobile body. At present, an aluminum-steel hybrid vehicle body is an important development direction for vehicle manufacturing, and a large amount of various types of steel and aluminum alloy are adopted for manufacturing the vehicle body to simultaneously achieve the safety performance of a vehicle body structure and the light weight of the vehicle body, so that the problem of aluminum-steel dissimilar metal connection is inevitably faced in the manufacturing of the aluminum-steel hybrid vehicle body. Because aluminum steel dissimilar metals are connected by adopting a welding technology, huge challenges exist, and because aluminum steel dissimilar metal welding joints are too brittle and cannot bear larger loads generally, the aluminum steel dissimilar metals are connected by adopting a mechanical connection technology at present, such as self-piercing riveting, circulating screws and the like, but the mechanical connection also has limitations, such as high connection equipment in the riveting technology, weight increment of rivets on a vehicle body, high rivet cost, complexity and low efficiency of a connection process and the like. However, for the welding technology, the connection cost and the equipment cost are low, the efficiency is high, and if the welding technology can be adopted to realize the connection of aluminum steel dissimilar metals, the method has profound significance for realizing the lightweight development of automobiles.
So far, the great challenges facing the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal connection still cannot be effectively solved, and therefore, the application of the welding technology in the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal connection is limited. Because aluminum steel dissimilar metals have greatly different physical properties such as melting point, expansion coefficient, solidification shrinkage rate and the like, in the fusion welding with large heat input, two metals of aluminum and steel are simultaneously fused to obtain a joint, on one hand, the joint is easy to generate large workpiece deformation and large stress generated in the welding seam solidification process to easily form cracks, and on the other hand, because aluminum steel has poor metallurgical compatibility and cannot form solid solution in the welding seam, a large amount of brittle Fe-Al series compounds are formed in the welding seam to cause extremely poor joint performance; if the lower heat input is adopted, the aluminum alloy is melted under the lower heat input, the aluminum alloy is wetted and spread to the surface of the steel workpiece which is still in a solid state through the molten aluminum metal, and the metallurgical bonding is formed through the mutual diffusion of elements under the action of high temperature. Such joints are on the one hand generally flat at the weld joint interface and, in addition, a continuous layer of brittle Fe-Al based compounds between the aluminium and the steel is formed at the interface, which results in very poor strength of the aluminium-steel joint.
In order to improve the mechanical properties of joints of aluminum steel dissimilar metals, a great deal of existing experimental research work aims to alleviate the defects of cracks, brittle compounds and the like of the joints by optimizing process parameters of different welding methods and accurately controlling welding heat input at present, but the challenge of welding of the aluminum steel dissimilar metals cannot be effectively solved by optimizing the welding process method at present. In addition, the metal interlayer or the filler metal is added into the aluminum steel dissimilar metal joint, which aims to slow down or prevent the formation of Fe-Al series brittle compounds to improve the performance of the joint, but the addition of metal elements is a complex process thereof, and the influence mechanism of different element components and contents on the joint needs to be deeply explored, so that the application of the aluminum steel dissimilar metal welding joint is limited by the huge challenge of the current aluminum steel dissimilar metal welding.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model solves the problems: in order to overcome the defects of the existing aluminum steel dissimilar metal welding technology, the welding joint of the aluminum steel dissimilar metal is provided, and the mechanical property of the joint is improved by optimizing the spot welding structure of the aluminum steel dissimilar welding joint.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the welding joint of the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal is characterized in that the welding joint is a spot welding joint for connecting aluminum-steel dissimilar metal workpieces which are stacked mutually, the spot welding joint is suitable for connecting a steel workpiece and an aluminum workpiece with the thickness of 0.2-3.5 mm, a steel convex structure is arranged on an aluminum-steel interface inside the spot welding joint, the steel convex structure extends from the steel workpiece to the aluminum workpiece in a protruding mode, and the diameter D of the steel convex structure is larger than the diameter D of the steel convex structure1Is 2 to 7 square root t mm, wherein t is the thickness of the aluminum workpiece, and the steel convex structure is embedded into the aluminum workpiece from the aluminum-steel interface to the depth t of the aluminum workpiece1Is 0.1-0.8 times of the thickness of the aluminum workpiece, the welding joint is a metallurgical bonding interface at the aluminum steel interface, and the diameter D of the metallurgical bonding surface2Is 3 to 9 t mm (wherein t is the thickness of the aluminum workpiece), and the diameter D of the metallurgical bonding surface2Is larger than the diameter D of the steel convex structure1；
The periphery of the steel convex structure is also provided with an annular welding seam, and the inner diameter D of the annular welding seam on an aluminum steel interface3Larger than the diameter D of the steel convex structure1The outer diameter D of the annular welding line on the aluminum steel interface4Less than diameter D of metallurgical bonding surface23.5 times of; the annular welding line penetrates into the aluminum workpiece from the surface of the steel workpiece and is fused to the depth t in the aluminum workpiece2Less than 0.6 times the thickness of the aluminum workpiece.
A manufacturing method of a welding joint of aluminum steel dissimilar metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: heating a steel workpiece and an aluminum workpiece to a plastic state or a local molten state, applying pressure to the surface of the steel workpiece to extrude a steel convex structure, extruding a convex part of the steel convex structure into the aluminum workpiece, and mutually diffusing metal elements of an aluminum-steel interface under the action of high temperature to form a metallurgical bonding interface;
in the step, on one hand, extrusion force is applied to the steel workpiece to form a steel convex structure, on the other hand, the welding joint is heated to soften the steel workpiece so as to be beneficial to deformation to form the steel convex structure, and simultaneously, elements among aluminum steel interfaces are promoted to diffuse mutually under the action of high temperature so as to form an aluminum steel metallurgical bonding interface, so that the purpose can be realized by adopting pressure welding methods such as resistance welding, friction welding, diffusion welding and the like; when the steel convex structure is manufactured by applying extrusion force on the surface of the steel workpiece, the depth of concave indentation on the surface of the steel workpiece is controlled not to exceed 2.0 times of the thickness of the steel workpiece, and in addition, the surface of the aluminum workpiece is controlled to only generate small deformation; an Fe-Al series intermetallic compound layer exists in the aluminum steel metallurgical bonding interface, and the thickness of the Fe-Al series intermetallic compound layer is controlled to be less than 10 mu m by controlling the heat input size and the high-temperature action time.
Step 2: and preparing an annular fusion welding seam on the periphery of the steel convex structure and in the area within 3.5 times of the diameter of the metallurgical bonding surface by adopting a fusion welding method.
In this step, the circular weld may be manufactured by a fusion welding method including laser welding, electron beam welding, and arc welding, and it is preferable to prevent the weld from being oxidized by blowing an inert gas when manufacturing the circular weld; the annular welding line is formed by a circle of annular welding line or a plurality of circles of concentric annular welding lines with different diameters.
In order to make the above-mentioned welded joint and manufacturing method easier and more efficient to manufacture, a method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal welded joint is provided, which is characterized in that step 1 employs resistance spot welding and step 2 employs laser welding. The resistance spot welding in the step 1 adopts special electrodes, the resistance spot welding electrodes comprise steel electrodes contacted with a steel workpiece and aluminum electrodes contacted with an aluminum workpiece, the welding surface of the steel electrodes is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove divides the welding surface of the steel into an inner welding surface and an outer welding surface, the height of the inner welding surface is larger than that of the outer welding surface, the height difference is 0.05-1.2 mm, the bottom of the annular groove is lower than that of the outer welding surface, and the height difference is 0.1-1.5 mm; the aluminum electrode welding surface center be the concave cambered surface, and the maximum depth of concave cambered surface is 0.05 ~ 1.0mm, follows the periphery of concave cambered surface be equipped with at least one protruding ring, the height of protruding ring is 0.1 ~ 0.8mm, the width is 0.2 ~ 0.8mm, the protruding ring diameter of aluminum electrode be greater than the welding face diameter in the steel electrode. The steel electrode and the aluminum electrode are made of the same material, and are preferably copper alloy.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
in the step, because the inner welding surface of the steel electrode is higher than the outer welding surface, the inner welding surface of the steel electrode firstly contacts the steel workpiece to bear large welding acting force and concentrate all welding currents, so that the heating effect of the inner welding surface on the workpiece is obvious, the inner welding surface of the steel electrode is extruded to the steel workpiece to form a steel surface concave indentation and a steel convex structure is formed on a steel-aluminum interface to be embedded into the aluminum workpiece when the steel workpiece is heated and softened; after the inner welding surface of the steel electrode is pressed into the steel workpiece, the outer welding surface is contacted with the steel workpiece, on one hand, the inner welding surface is limited to be continuously pressed into the steel workpiece, on the other hand, the welding current is dispersed to the outer welding surface, the heating area of spot welding is enlarged, and the aluminum steel metallurgical bonding surface is further enlarged to the peripheral area of the steel convex structure. The central area of the welding surface of the aluminum electrode is a concave arc surface, so that the peripheral area and the convex ring of the aluminum electrode can attract welding current to be dispersed to the peripheral area of the aluminum electrode, the temperature field of a spot welding seam is more uniform, the problem of excessive growth of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds caused by over-concentrated temperature of the central area of the welding spot is avoided, the thickness of the Fe-Al intermetallic compound layer is controlled to be below 10 mu m, and the interface bonding performance is improved.
and 4, starting laser welding, enabling a laser beam to act on the surface of the steel workpiece, and controlling the laser beam to scan along the circular welding seam path to obtain a circular welding seam surrounding the periphery of the steel convex structure.
In the step, parameters such as welding speed, welding power and the like of laser welding are controlled, excessive welding heat input is avoided, and then the penetration depth t of the laser welding seam in the aluminum workpiece is controlled2Less than 0.6 times the thickness of the aluminum workpiece, t is preferentially controlled20.05-0.55 mm.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) except forming metallurgical bonding interface among the aluminium steel dissimilar metal welded joint, still have protruding and the gomphosis to the protruding structure of steel in the aluminium work piece, the protruding structure of steel increase on the one hand with aluminium work piece area of contact, on the other hand has changed the smooth metallurgical bonding interface of traditional aluminium steel resistance spot welding, play with the mutual gomphosis locking effect of aluminium work piece, further promote interface bonding performance.
(2) When the spot welding is loaded, the stress height is concentrated in the peripheral area of the welding spot, the peripheral area of the spot welding is usually a weak connection area, so that cracks are quickly started from the edge of the welding spot and quickly expand towards the center of the spot welding along the welding seam interface, the annular welding seam on the periphery of the steel convex structure strengthens the connection strength of the periphery of the spot welding on one hand, and can prevent or change the initial initiated cracks from expanding towards the center of the welding seam along the aluminum steel interface on the other hand, and further enhances the loading capacity of the periphery of the spot welding.
(3) The steel convex structure and the annular welding seam in the welding joint are matched with each other, and the steel workpiece is tightly meshed with the aluminum workpiece like a 'pinning' root, so that the overall mechanical properties of the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal welding joint, such as tensile shearing property and cross tensile property, are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a weld joint of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a weld joint of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a steel electrode for resistance spot welding used to manufacture the weld joint of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an aluminum electrode for resistance spot welding used to manufacture the weld joint of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of resistance spot welding using steel and aluminum electrodes in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of laser welding in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a weld joint in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an interface microstructure view of a cross-sectional center region of a weld joint in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a microstructure view of a laser weld at an aluminum steel interface in a welded joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a weld joint in examples of the present invention and in comparative examples.
FIG. 11 is a tensile shear load-displacement curve for a weld joint in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a cross tensile load versus displacement curve for a weld joint in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a macroscopic topographical view of a steel workpiece fracture after tensile shear and cross tensile testing of weld joints in examples of the present invention and in comparative examples.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood, a detailed description of the utility model is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the utility model, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
When the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal welding joint is implemented, advanced high-strength steel Q & P1180 with the thickness of 1.2mm is selected as a steel workpiece 1, 6N16 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.6mm is selected as an aluminum workpiece 2, and the surface of the welded workpiece is wiped by alcohol before welding to remove residual grease and impurities; in the mechanical property test of the welding joint, the specification of a sample for a tensile shear test is 127.0 multiplied by 38.1mm, and the specification of an overlap area is 38.1 multiplied by 38.1 mm; the specification of a test sample for the cross tensile test is 150 multiplied by 50mm, and the lap joint area is 50 multiplied by 50 mm; 3 samples are manufactured for each test to obtain the average value of the load of the welding joint, a universal tensile testing machine is adopted to test the mechanical property of the joint, and the tensile speed is set to be 1mm/min during the test.
The method for manufacturing the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal welded joint of the utility model by using the steel workpiece 1 and the aluminum workpiece 2 comprises the following steps:
step 1: heating the steel workpiece to a plastic state or a local melting state, applying pressure to the surface of the steel workpiece to extrude the steel convex structure 4, extruding the steel convex structure 4 into the aluminum workpiece 2, and mutually diffusing metal elements on an aluminum-steel interface under the action of high temperature to form a metallurgical bonding interface 5;
in this step, the steel projection structure 4 and the metallurgically bonded interface 5 of the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal welded joint are manufactured by the electrode spot welding method, and a welding scheme using the steel electrode 7 and the aluminum electrode 8 of the present invention at the time of welding is shown in fig. 3 and 4, and a welding scheme of resistance spot welding is shown in fig. 5. The steel electrode 7 and the aluminum electrode 8 are both made of Cr-Zr-Cu copper alloy, and the diameter of the electrode body is 16 mm.
As shown in FIG. 3, the end face diameter of the inner welding surface 73 of the steel electrode 7 is 5.2mm, the end face shape is spherical, and the spherical radius is 35 mm. The height difference between the inner welding surface 73 and the outer welding surface 71 is 5.5mm, the width of the outer welding surface 71 is a 1.5mm annular plane, and the maximum diameter of the outer welding surface is 11 mm; a recess 72 is provided between the outer and inner weld faces 71, 73, the difference in height between the recess and the outer weld face being 0.3 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the depth of the concave arc 81 of the aluminum electrode 8 is 0.25mm, and the width of the concave arc is 0.65 mm; the diameter and the height of the convex ring 82 are respectively 8.2mm and 0.2mm, the section of the convex ring 82 is of an isosceles trapezoid structure, and the widths of the upper bottom and the lower bottom are respectively 0.2mm and 0.4 mm.
When in welding, the steel workpiece 1 is lapped on the aluminum workpiece 2, the steel electrode 7 and the aluminum electrode 8 are respectively extruded towards the steel workpiece 1 and the aluminum workpiece 2, and the welding pressure is set to be 5600N. The welding parameters of resistance spot welding are set as follows: the welding time is 190ms, the welding current is 19kA, the number of welding pulses is 3, the pre-pressing time is 300ms, and the pressure maintaining time is 100 ms; when the inner welding surface 73 of the steel electrode 7 is pressed to the surface of the steel workpiece 1, the outer welding surface 71 is not in contact with the steel workpiece 1, the current is concentrated on the inner welding surface of the steel electrode, after the steel workpiece 1 is softened by resistance heating, the inner welding surface 73 presses the steel workpiece 1 to deform and form the steel convex structure 4 at the aluminum-steel interface and extends into the aluminum workpiece 2, and at the same time, the inner welding surface 73 also presses a deep indentation 3 on the surface of the steel workpiece 1, as shown in fig. 5. As the resistance heat increases, the aluminum workpiece 2 at the aluminum steel contact interface melts to wet and spread to the surface of the steel workpiece 1, the metallurgical bonding layer 5 formed by the mutual diffusion of elements at high temperature, and further, due to the higher resistance and lower thermal conductivity of the steel workpiece 1, there is also a local melting of steel inside the steel projection 4 to form a steel nugget 9, and after the welding is finished, the weld joint solidifies to cool and a steel nugget 9 and an aluminum nugget 10 appear, as shown in fig. 5 and 7.
In the welding process, after the inner welding surface 73 of the steel electrode 7 is extruded to the steel workpiece 1, the outer welding surface 71 of the steel electrode 7 is contacted with the steel workpiece 1, so that part of welding current is diffused to the outer welding surface 71, and the spot welding area is enlarged; since the current usually selects the shortest path with lower path resistance to pass through, the center of the aluminum electrode 8 is the concave arc surface 81, the welding surface at the periphery of the concave arc surface 81 and the convex ring 82 have a closer distance with the steel electrode 7, and in addition, the convex ring 82 can cut off the oxide film insulated on the surface of the aluminum workpiece 3 to reduce the contact resistance between the aluminum electrode 8 and the aluminum workpiece 2, so that the peripheral welding surface of the concave arc surface 81 and the convex ring 82 of the aluminum electrode 8 can attract part of the welding current to be distributed to the periphery of the welding spot, the welding current is more uniformly distributed on the aluminum workpiece, and the thickness of the aluminum-steel interface metallurgical bonding layer 5 in the central area of the welding joint is more uniform and is not more than 10 μm, as shown in fig. 8.
Step 2: and preparing an annular fusion welding seam 6 on the periphery of the steel convex structure 4 and in the area within 3.5 times of the diameter of the metallurgical bonding surface 5 by adopting a fusion welding method.
In this step, a laser welding method is used to manufacture an annular weld 6 of the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal joint; and starting a laser welding system to emit a laser beam 11, enabling the laser beam 11 to act on the surface of the steel workpiece 1, controlling the speed of the laser beam 11 and scanning an annular path, so that the laser beam 11 prepares an annular welding seam 6 on the welding joint. In the step, setting the laser power at 1114W, the welding speed at 2m/min, the welding path at two concentric rings with diameters of 8mm and 9mm, respectively, and the welding sequence from the inner ring to the outer ring, the welding schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 6; in this embodiment, laser welding process parameters are controlled to control the penetration t of the laser weld within the aluminum workpiece2About 0.2 to 0.45mm, as shown in FIG. 9.
Comparative example 1 embodiment
Adopt same specification steel work piece 1 and aluminium work piece 2 to adopt resistance spot welding to it, choose traditional sphere welding electrode for use during the welding, the body diameter of electrode is 16mm, sphere radius of sphere electrode be 100mm, its face of weld diameter is 11mm, choose the welding parameter welding of optimizing back preferred for use, the welding parameter of adoption is: the welding pressure is 5600N, the welding current is 17kA, the welding time is 100ms, 5 pulse currents are adopted, the interval between the pulse currents is 20ms, and the welding time is maintained for 300 ms.
Comparative example 2 embodiment
The laser welding method is characterized in that laser spot light welding seams are welded on the steel workpiece 1 and the aluminum workpiece 2 which are stacked and clamped mutually by adopting laser welding, in the embodiment, a laser path is set to be spiral, the number of turns is 6, the outermost turn of the spiral path is closed to be annular, the diameter of the outermost turn is 8.5mm, the laser power is set to be 1750W, the welding speed is linearly increased from 3 m/min to 5m/min of the center of a welding spot, the welding direction is clockwise, and the welding sequence is outwards welded from the center of the welding spot.
From the cross-sections of the weld joints of the inventive example and the comparative example, the weld joint interface structure of the present invention is significantly different from the joint interface structures of the comparative examples 1 and 2. The joint interface of the comparative example 1 is relatively straight, a larger air hole is formed in the center, and an aluminum nugget in the aluminum workpiece is penetrated to the surface of the aluminum workpiece from the aluminum steel interface in the center area of a welding spot; the joint of comparative example 2 had a large number of cracks in the weld due to the large heat input, and a crater occurred at the center aluminum side of the weld due to the severe reaction of aluminum in the weld with steel, as shown in fig. 10. According to the utility model, the central steel convex structure 4 and the laser welding seam 6 of the welding joint are embedded into an aluminum workpiece, and the interface structure is fluctuant and changeable. Because the aluminum steel interface is tightly combined after resistance spot welding, the gap between the steel workpiece 1 and the aluminum workpiece 2 in the area of the laser welding seam is eliminated, which is more beneficial to the formation of the laser welding seam 6, and in addition, because the penetration t of the laser welding seam 6 in the aluminum workpiece 2 is realized2The control is in a small range, and defects such as air holes and cracks in the laser welding seam are avoided, as shown in figure 9. After tensile shear mechanical property test, the tensile shear load and the cross tensile load of the welding joint are remarkably excellentThe statistical results for the joints in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are shown in table 1 below. In the test process of the tensile shear load and the cross tensile load of the joint of the utility model, the displacement of the welded joint of the utility model is more than 3 times of that of the welded joint in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and the mechanical property stability of the joint of the utility model is better, as shown in fig. 11 and 12; in addition, in the test process of the tensile shear load and the cross tensile load of the welding joint, the failure modes are the button pull-out fracture modes as shown in fig. 13, which further proves that the connection performance of the welding joint is obviously improved.
Table 1: mechanical properties of the welded joints of the utility model in the examples and of the welded joints of comparative examples 1 and 2
| Item | Average tensile shear load (N) | Average cross tensile load (N) |
| The utility model relates to a joint | 5358.93 | 1968.67 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3652.94 | 378.54 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3041.86 | 671.33 |
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that several modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the method of the present invention, and these modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The welding joint of the aluminum-steel dissimilar metals is characterized in that the welding joint is a spot welding joint for connecting aluminum-steel dissimilar metal workpieces which are stacked mutually, a steel convex structure exists in an aluminum-steel interface inside the spot welding joint, the steel convex structure convexly extends from the steel workpieces to the aluminum workpieces, and the diameter D of the steel convex structure1Is 2 to 7 square root t mm, wherein t is the thickness of the aluminum workpiece, and the steel convex structure is embedded into the aluminum workpiece from the aluminum-steel interface to the depth t of the aluminum workpiece1Is 0.1-0.8 times of the thickness of the aluminum workpiece, the welding joint is a metallurgical bonding interface at the aluminum steel interface, and the diameter D of the metallurgical bonding surface2Is 3 to 9 square root t mm, wherein t is the thickness of the aluminum workpiece, and the diameter D of the metallurgical bonding surface2Is larger than the diameter D of the steel convex structure1；
The periphery of the steel convex structure is also provided with an annular welding seam, and the inner diameter D of the annular welding seam on an aluminum steel interface3Larger than the diameter D of the steel convex structure1The outer diameter D of the annular welding line on the aluminum steel interface4Less than diameter D of metallurgical bonding surface23.5 times of; the annular welding line penetrates into the aluminum workpiece from the surface of the steel workpiece and is fused to the depth t in the aluminum workpiece2Less than 0.6 times the thickness of the aluminum workpiece.
2. An aluminum-steel dissimilar metal weld joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein a Fe-Al based intermetallic layer is present in said aluminum-steel metallurgical bonding interface, said Fe-Al based intermetallic layer having a thickness of less than 10 μm, said circumferential weld being one or more concentric circumferential welds of different diameters.
3. An aluminum-steel dissimilar metal weld joint according to claim 1, wherein said weld joint further comprises concave indentations in the surface of the steel workpiece, said concave indentations having a depth not exceeding 2.0 times the thickness of the steel workpiece.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113199163A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Welded joint of aluminum-steel dissimilar metal |
| WO2024041463A1 (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-02-29 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Spot-welded joint and manufacturing method therefor |
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2021
- 2021-05-27 CN CN202121160537.6U patent/CN215658527U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113199163A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Welded joint of aluminum-steel dissimilar metal |
| WO2024041463A1 (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-02-29 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Spot-welded joint and manufacturing method therefor |
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