CN215648253U

CN215648253U - Potato harvesting combined machine

Info

Publication number: CN215648253U
Application number: CN202122179744.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柯年峰; 孙伟; 李辉; 张华�; 刘小龙; 吴建民; 王虎存; 赵志伟; 刘泉东; 赵虎
Original assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Current assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-06-01
Filing date: 2021-09-09
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a potato harvesting combined machine which comprises a rack, a suspension bracket and a land wheel device, wherein the suspension bracket is respectively connected with the land wheel device and a swinging mechanism, the upper end of the swinging mechanism is connected with the suspension bracket through a longitudinal beam, the lower end of the swinging mechanism is provided with an excavating device, the rear end of the excavating device is provided with a soil shaking device, the rear part of the soil shaking device is provided with a potato collecting device, and the swinging mechanism, the excavating device, the soil shaking device and the potato collecting device are all arranged on the rack. The soil-shaking and collecting device realizes the integration of digging, soil shaking and collecting, has simple structure, moderate volume, light weight, simple and exquisite grading structure, convenience and flexibility, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and simultaneously improves the working efficiency.

Description

Potato harvesting combined machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a potato harvesting combined machine.

Background

In recent years, the potato planting industry develops faster, the yield rises year by year, and huge economic benefits are generated. The tuber crops such as potato are fruits under the soil and have irregular shapes. At present, potatoes in China are mainly excavated manually and semi-mechanically. The mechanical harvest operation is carried with more soil. Simple methods of removing soil generally rely on the mutual rubbing of the potatoes. The current potato harvesting device is also provided with a soil removing device, but the current device has large investment and poor effect, and limits the development of the potato industry to a certain extent. Therefore, the soil removal and classification are used as key links after the potatoes are harvested, and have important influence on the subsequent deep processing of the potatoes.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a potato harvesting combine with simple structure and the function of removing soil on potatoes, which aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme is as follows for solving the technical problem of the utility model:

the utility model provides a potato results combined operation machine, includes frame, mounted frame and land wheel device, the mounted frame is connected with land wheel device and swing mechanism respectively, swing mechanism upper end with be connected with the mounted frame through the longeron, swing mechanism's lower extreme installation excavating gear, the rear end installation of excavating gear trembles native device, tremble native device rear portion installation and collect the potato device, swing mechanism, excavating gear, tremble native device and collect the potato device and all install in the frame.

The swing mechanism comprises an upper supporting rod, a lower supporting rod and side plates, the side plates are installed on two sides of the upper supporting rod and two sides of the lower supporting rod, the upper supporting rod is in shaft connection with the upper ends of the side plates, the upper supporting rod is connected with a suspension frame through a pull rod and a longitudinal beam, the lower supporting rod is fixed in the middle of the side plates, rocker intermediate shafts are sleeved on two sides of the lower supporting rod, the other ends of the rocker intermediate shafts are connected with rocker arms, the rocker arms are arranged at two ends of an eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is connected with the rocker intermediate shafts through the rocker arms at the two ends, and the lower end of each side plate is fixedly connected with the excavating device.

The upper supporting rod is provided with a tensioning wheel device, the front end of the tensioning wheel device is connected with the upper supporting rod, and the rear end of the tensioning wheel device is connected with the eccentric shaft.

The digging device comprises a plough share, the plough share is arranged at the lower ends of the side plates on two sides, the plough share comprises a plough share side fixing plate, a plough share scraper, a plough share rear scraper bar and a plough share side fixing plate pull bar, the plough share scraper is provided with a plurality of plough share rear scraper bars, the distance between the plough share rear scraper bars is smaller than the size of the potato, the plough share rear scraper bar is matched with the soil shaking device, the plough share scraper both sides are provided with plough share side fixing plates, and the plough share side fixing plate pull bar is provided with a plurality of plough share side fixing plate pull bars.

Tremble native device and including the tremble soil chain that the slope set up, tremble soil chain and excavating gear's share back scraper blade and adaptation, tremble the soil chain and include rubber tape and a plurality of linkage roller, the equidistant rubber tape of installing in both sides of linkage roller, the rubber tape suit is installed between the first driving shaft and the first driven backing roll of trembleing native device frame, install the second dead axle between first driving shaft and the first driven backing roll, second dead axle both ends are equipped with the wheel of trembling, the wheel of trembling produces the shake with the periodic meshing of linkage roller of trembling the soil chain.

Collect potato device and include conveyor, bottom barrier gate and dolly, bottom barrier gate one side sets up under trembling soil chain rear, and the opposite side is connected with the dolly, set up conveyor directly over the bottom barrier gate, conveyor passes through both ends support and trembles native device and is connected, including the driving shaft, fixed a plurality of rotatory rings on the driving shaft, the both sides installation side barrier gate of driving shaft, upper portion sets up the top barrier gate between the side barrier gate, rotatory ring is at the space internal rotation that top barrier gate and side barrier gate are constituteed.

The combined potato harvesting and soil removing machine breaks through the common practice that other potato harvesting machines only excavate but do not remove soil on potatoes, adopts a new design, adopts the excavating device connected with the swinging mechanism, and the swinging mechanism enables the ploughshare mechanism of the excavating device to do reciprocating motion back and forth in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving the effect of excavating the potatoes. Meanwhile, the rear scraper bar of the digging device ploughshare enables a part of crushed soil particles and the removed soil particles on the surface of the potatoes to leak down, so that the first soil removal of the potatoes is completed, and the soil amount entering the soil shaking device is reduced. Can directly carry after the potato is excavated tremble native device, realize that the earth on irregular motion with the potato top layer shakes out in this mechanism, accomplish the potato of the second time and remove soil. Then the potatoes fall into a potato collecting device, and the potatoes are quickly collided into a collecting trolley by a rotating ring on a driving shaft, so that the third potato soil removal is completed. The mechanism for hiding the soil including the bud eye can be removed on the premise of effectively avoiding damage. The soil-shaking and collecting device realizes the integration of digging, soil shaking and collecting, has simple structure, moderate volume, light weight, simple and exquisite grading structure, convenience and flexibility, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and simultaneously improves the working efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the digging implement of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a ploughshare according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the soil shaking device of the present invention:

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a potato collecting apparatus of the present invention:

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cart of the present invention:

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveying device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings

As shown in the figure, the potato harvesting combined machine comprises a machine frame (48), a suspension bracket 24 and a land wheel device, wherein the suspension bracket 24 is respectively connected with the land wheel device and a swinging mechanism, the upper end of the swinging mechanism is connected with the suspension bracket 24 through a longitudinal beam 3, and the bottom end of the longitudinal beam 3 is connected with the suspension bracket 24 and is fixed by four screws. The lower extreme installation excavating gear of swing mechanism, soil device is trembled in excavating gear's rear end installation, tremble the installation of soil device rear and collect the potato device, swing mechanism, excavating gear, tremble soil device and collect the potato device and all install on frame 48 through the transmission linkage.

The swing mechanism comprises an upper support rod 1, a lower support rod 17 and a side plate 21, and the lower end of the side plate 21 is fixedly connected with the excavating device. The side plates 21 are arranged on two sides of the upper support rod 1 and the lower support rod 17, the upper support rod 1 is connected with the upper ends of the side plates 21 in a shaft mode, and the lower support rod 17 is fixed in the middle of the side plates 21. The upper support rod 1 is connected with the suspension bracket 24 through the pull rod 2 and the longitudinal beam 3, wherein one end of the pull rod 2 is sleeved on the upper support rod 1 to play a role in fixing, cushioning and balancing. The two sides of the lower support rod 17 are sleeved with rocker intermediate shafts 22, the other ends of the rocker intermediate shafts 22 are connected with rocker arms 23, and the rocker arms 23 are arranged at the two ends of the eccentric shaft 14. And the upper supporting rod 1 is provided with a tensioning wheel device 5 which comprises a tensioning rope 4, a regulator 6 and a tensioning wheel pull rod 7, the front end of the tensioning wheel device 5 is connected with the upper supporting rod 1, and the rear end of the tensioning wheel device 5 is connected with an eccentric shaft 14. The purpose of adding the tensioning wheel device 5 is to facilitate the adjustment of the tensioning force, and because the belt drive is used, the tensioning wheel device 5 can avoid the phenomenon in consideration of the slipping problem, so that the machine can run stably. The suspension bracket 24 is connected to the eccentric shaft 14 by two cast vertical seats 16 at the same time. A belt wheel 8 and a belt wheel protective tile 9 with a protective function are arranged at the right end of the eccentric shaft 14, and when power is transmitted to the eccentric shaft 14, the side plate 21 is moved under the action of the eccentric shaft 14 and the rocker arm 23, so that the excavating device does reciprocating motion back and forth in the horizontal direction, and the potato excavating function and the potato soil removing function are achieved.

The land wheel device comprises a positioning shaft 15, a land wheel support 11, a land wheel bolt 12, a land wheel support 10 and a universal wheel 13. By adopting the universal wheels 13, the machine can flexibly rotate during working, the whole structure of the land wheel device is designed to be adjustable in width and depth, the width is infinitely adjustable, the depth is extremely adjustable, and 12 positions can be selected, so that the potato excavator can flexibly adjust according to different conditions during working.

The digging device comprises a plough share 20, the plough share 20 is arranged at the lower ends of side plates 21 at two sides, the plough share 20 comprises a plough share side fixing plate 27, a plough share scraper 26, a plough share rear scraper bar 25 and a plough share side fixing plate brace 19, the plough share scraper 26 is equidistantly provided with a plurality of plough share rear scraper bars 25, and the plough share rear scraper bar 25 is matched with the soil shaking device. And the distance between the soil and the soil shaking device cannot be too large, the distance is smaller than the size of the potatoes, so that on the premise of ensuring that the potatoes are not leaked, a part of crushed soil particles leak down in advance, and the soil entering the soil shaking device is reduced. A plurality of ploughshare side fixing plate pull strips 19 are arranged on the ploughshare side fixing plate 27, so that the raisings can be smoothly conveyed to the soil shaking device.

Tremble native device and include the tremble soil chain of slope installation, tremble soil chain and be 60 with the level. Tremble soil chain and include rubber tape 32 and a plurality of linkage roller 33, linkage roller 33 equidistant installation on the rubber tape 32 of both sides, when the potato gets into the device, linkage roller 33 blocks the potato for the potato can not roll off. At the same time the shaking wheel 38 starts to work so that the linkage roller 33 starts to shake so that the residual soil on the potatoes is shaken off until the potatoes are transported to the next mechanism. The rubber belt 32 suit is installed between the first driving shaft 35 and the first driven backing roll 29 of trembling native device frame 30, first driven backing roll 29 is installed on trembling native device frame 30, install second dead axle 31 in the middle of first driving shaft 35 and the first driven backing roll 29, second dead axle 31 both ends are equipped with the dither wheel 38, the dither wheel 38 is three cylinder structure, the contained angle between arbitrary two cylinders is 120, the dither wheel 38 begins to work after the start-up for the soil on potato surface further shakes off. The shaker wheel 38 is connected to a second drive sprocket 39 by a chain. The second driving sprocket 39 is installed at one side of the second driving shaft 40, and the second driving shaft 40 is coaxial with the driving shaft 43. The periodic engagement of the jogger wheels 38 with the linkage rollers 33 of the jogger chains produces jogging, which causes the potatoes to joggle, jump, and move forward until they fall into the next apparatus. The rear scraper bar 25 of the plough share is matched with the soil shaking chain. The soil shaking device is connected with the swing mechanism through brackets 28 arranged on two sides.

The transmission device comprises a driving sprocket 34, the driving sprocket 34 is installed on the output shaft 14 of the first driving shaft, the driving sprocket 34 is connected with the first driving sprocket 36 through a chain, the first driving sprocket 36 is installed on one side of the second driving shaft 37, a shaking wheel 38 is installed on the second driving shaft 37 on the inner side of the first driving sprocket 36, a second driving sprocket 39 is installed on one side of the second driving shaft 40, and the second driving shaft 40 is coaxial with the driving shaft 43. This facilitates forward movement of the potatoes.

Collect potato device and include conveyor, bottom bar 45 and dolly 47, truckle 46 is installed to dolly 47 bottom, bottom bar 45 one side is installed under trembling soil chain rear, the opposite side is connected with dolly 47, install conveyor directly over bottom bar 45, conveyor passes through both ends support 49 and trembles native device and is connected, including driving shaft 43, fixed a plurality of rotatory rings 42 on the driving shaft 43, side bar 41 is installed to the both sides of driving shaft 43, side bar 41 shape is snakelike heliciform, upper portion installation top bar 44 between the side bar 41, the convex central angle of top bar 44 is 90. After the potatoes fall down from the soil shaking device, the potatoes are quickly rotated by the rotating ring 42 on the driving shaft 43 to collide with the potato throwing to the rear trolley 47, so that the full-automatic tasks of digging, soil shaking and collecting are realized.

The working process of the machine tool is as follows: and starting the swinging device to start the machine to work. The rocker arm begins to swing to drive the excavating device to start working. The ploughshare starts to move back and forth to shovel out the potatoes in the soil and then conveys the potatoes to the soil shaking device. The soil shaking device shakes soil blocks on the surface of the potatoes off by means of the action of the shaking wheels and conveys the potatoes into the conveying device through the crawler. After the soil is trembled through last mechanism, the potato that drops is in the middle of popping the dolly of collection by rotatory ring fast, accomplishes the potato after a series of processing and collects and tremble the soil work.

The design is simple and reasonable, easy to process and manufacture, low in manufacturing cost and suitable for large-area production. The design is mainly used for digging and removing soil of potatoes, is simple to operate, convenient and fast, can be used independently, and can also be used in cooperation with other equipment in a slightly improved mode.

Claims

1. A potato results combined operation machine, includes frame, mounted frame and land wheel device, its characterized in that: the potato harvester is characterized in that the suspension bracket (24) is respectively connected with the land wheel device and the swinging mechanism, the upper end of the swinging mechanism is connected with the suspension bracket (24) through a longitudinal beam (3), the lower end of the swinging mechanism is provided with an excavating device, the rear end of the excavating device is provided with a soil shaking device, the rear part of the soil shaking device is provided with a potato collecting device, and the swinging mechanism, the excavating device, the soil shaking device and the potato collecting device are all arranged on the rack (48).

2. A potato harvesting combine according to claim 1, wherein: the swing mechanism comprises an upper supporting rod (1), a lower supporting rod (17) and side plates (21), wherein the side plates (21) are installed on two sides of the upper supporting rod (1) and the lower supporting rod (17), the upper supporting rod (1) is in shaft connection with the upper ends of the side plates (21), the upper supporting rod (1) is connected with a suspension bracket (24) through a pull rod (2) and a longitudinal beam (3), the lower supporting rod (17) is fixed in the middle of the side plates (21), rocker intermediate shafts (22) are sleeved on two sides of the lower supporting rod (17), the other ends of the rocker intermediate shafts (22) are connected with rocker arms (23), the rocker arms (23) are arranged at two ends of an eccentric shaft (14), the eccentric shaft (14) is connected with the rocker intermediate shafts (22) through the rocker arms (23) at two ends, and the lower ends of the side plates (21) are fixedly connected with an excavating device.

3. A potato harvesting combine according to claim 2, wherein: the upper supporting rod (1) is provided with a tensioning wheel device (5), the front end of the tensioning wheel device is connected with the upper supporting rod (1), and the rear end of the tensioning wheel device (5) is connected with the eccentric shaft (14).

4. A potato harvesting combine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the digging device comprises a plough share (20), the plough share (20) is arranged at the lower ends of side plates (21) at two sides, the plough share (20) comprises a plough share side fixing plate (27), a plough share scraper (26), a plough share rear scraper bar (25) and a plough share side fixing plate brace (19), the plough share scraper (26) is provided with a plurality of plough share rear scraper bars (25), the space between the plough share rear scraper bars (25) is smaller than the size of the potato, the plough share rear scraper bar (25) is adapted to a soil shaking device, the plough share scraper (26) two sides are provided with plough share side fixing plates (27), and the plough share side fixing plate (27) is provided with a plurality of plough share side fixing plates (19).

5. A potato harvesting combine according to claim 4, wherein: tremble native device and including the tremble soil chain that the slope set up, tremble soil chain and excavating gear's share back scraper blade (25) and adaptation, tremble soil chain and include rubber tape (32) and a plurality of linkage roller (33), linkage roller (33) equidistant installation is on rubber tape (32) of both sides, rubber tape (32) suit is installed between first driving shaft (35) and the first driven backing roll (29) of trembleing native device frame (30), install second dead axle (31) between first driving shaft (35) and the first driven backing roll (29), second dead axle (31) both ends are equipped with trembles wheel (38), tremble wheel (38) and the periodic meshing of linkage roller (33) of trembleing the soil chain and produce the shake.

6. A potato harvesting combine according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: collect potato device and include conveyor, bottom bar (45) and dolly (47), bottom bar (45) one side sets up under trembling soil chain rear, and the opposite side is connected with dolly (47), set up conveyor directly over bottom bar (45), conveyor passes through both ends support (49) and trembles native device and is connected, including driving shaft (43), fixed a plurality of rotatory rings (42) on driving shaft (43), side bar (41) are installed to the both sides of driving shaft (43), upper portion sets up top bar (44) between side bar (41), rotatory ring (42) are at the space internal rotation that top bar (44) and side bar (41) are constituteed.