CN215530016U - Dig dark hack regulation and control system and dry-type harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep digging soil crushing control system and a dry harvester. The digging depth soil crushing control system comprises a bucket shell support, an anti-sinking component, a soil crushing mechanism and a shoveling and collecting mechanism, wherein the bucket shell support is used for being arranged on the advancing end of the dry harvester to carry out structural support, and the bucket shell support is provided with the anti-sinking component which is used for being in rolling fit with the surface of the field in the advancing process so as to avoid sinking into the field, the soil crushing mechanism is used for crushing the surface layer of the field in the advancing process, and the shoveling and collecting mechanism is used for shoveling and collecting materials in a preset layer section of the underground in the advancing process; the anti-sinking assembly is arranged at the advancing end of the bucket shell support, the horizontal arrangement position of the anti-sinking assembly is matched with the surface position of a field, the soil crushing mechanism is arranged behind the anti-sinking assembly, the horizontal arrangement position of the soil crushing mechanism is matched with the surface position of the field in the field and is arranged above the layer section where fruits are located, the shoveling and collecting mechanism is arranged behind the soil crushing mechanism, and the horizontal arrangement position of the shoveling and collecting mechanism is matched with the lowest position of the underground preset layer section.

Description

Dig dark hack regulation and control system and dry-type harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of dry-type harvesting equipment for non-pressure-resistant fruits such as water chestnuts and the like, in particular to a deep digging soil crushing regulation and control system. In addition, the utility model also relates to a dry harvester comprising the digging depth soil crushing control system.

Background

Water chestnut, also called chufa, is one of the characteristic vegetables in China, is usually eaten by underground expanded corms, is oval, and has the diameter of 15-50 mm. The planting of water chestnut is distributed in China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui provinces and other provinces, and is distributed in southeast Asia regions.

According to statistics, the planting area of domestic water chestnuts is about 60-70 ten thousand mu, the water chestnuts are generally planted after early rice is harvested, the water chestnuts are harvested from ten-month old to the early rice in the next year, the field acres planted by the water chestnuts are different in size, are small to several minutes and are as large as four or fifty mu. The water chestnut grows in a centralized and flat mode on a plough layer and a position close to a non-plough layer of the field soil, and the total thickness of the water chestnut does not exceed 100mm generally.

The skin of the horseshoe is very fragile, so the force for machine screening is moderate, otherwise the skin is easy to break, and the horseshoe cannot be stored for a long time; the field soil for planting the water chestnut cannot be rolled even if being dried in the sun (the rolling of a rubber track tractor cannot be carried out), otherwise, the water chestnut can be damaged internally, and the storage time cannot exceed one month; the water chestnut washed by the high-pressure water gun can be stored for about one month; and the water chestnut which is harvested in a dry mode and is not rolled can be stored for 4-5 months. In addition, the longer the storage time of the edible water chestnut is, the higher the sweetness is, and the higher the selling price is.

For the harvest of the horseshoe, no complete set of harvesting machines exist at present, and almost all the horseshoe is harvested by a manual or semi-manual mode. The harvesting mode is divided into two types: wet harvesting: manually or mechanically washing with a high-pressure water gun, wherein the water chestnut floats out of the water surface in muddy water, and then is fished out by a net bag manually or mechanically; dry harvesting: before harvesting, dry water is discharged; cutting off the seedlings and leaves above the ground, drying the soil to crack by the sun, manually turning the soil open, and manually picking up the soil.

The cost for manually harvesting the water chestnut is high, and the harvesting cost per mu of field is not less than 3000 yuan; the harvest is not thorough, and the waste is at least 10%; moreover, the harvest of the water chestnut is in winter, and the weather is cold, so that the difficulty of manual harvest is increased.

Therefore, a fully-mechanized dry type horseshoe harvesting mode is urgently needed to be found, the harvesting efficiency is greatly improved, the cost is reduced, the horseshoe cannot be rolled in the harvesting process, the storage time and the economic value of the horseshoe are further improved, and the user needs are met.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a deep digging soil crushing control system and a dry type harvester, and aims to solve the technical problems of high harvesting difficulty and high cost due to the adoption of manual harvesting in the existing water chestnut harvesting mode.

According to one aspect of the utility model, a deep digging soil crushing control system is provided, which is used for being arranged at the advancing end of a dry type harvester to realize shoveling and collecting fruits in a preset underground layer section on a field with a dried surface layer after water pumping and draining, and comprises a bucket shell bracket which is arranged at the advancing end of the dry type harvester to carry out structural support, wherein the bucket shell bracket is provided with an anti-sinking component which is in rolling fit with the surface of the field during advancing so as to avoid sinking into the field, a soil crushing mechanism which is used for crushing the surface layer of the field during advancing, and a shoveling and collecting mechanism which is used for shoveling and collecting materials in the preset underground layer section during advancing; the anti-sinking assembly is arranged at the advancing end of the bucket shell support, the horizontal arrangement position of the anti-sinking assembly is matched with the surface position of a field, the soil crushing mechanism is arranged behind the anti-sinking assembly, the horizontal arrangement position of the soil crushing mechanism is matched with the surface position of the field in the field and is arranged above the layer section where fruits are located, the shoveling and collecting mechanism is arranged behind the soil crushing mechanism, and the horizontal arrangement position of the shoveling and collecting mechanism is matched with the lowest position of the underground preset layer section.

Further, the anti-sinking component adopts a carrier roller; the two sides of the bucket shell support extend along the advancing direction of the bucket shell support to form support arms, the overhanging ends of the support arms are arranged in a downward inclining mode, and the carrier roller is located between the two support arms and is rotatably connected to the overhanging ends of the support arms.

Furthermore, the supporting arm adopts a straight arm or a bent arm bent downwards; the support arm and the bucket shell support are of an integrally formed integral structure, or the support arm is adjustably connected and fixed on the bucket shell support.

Furthermore, the soil crushing mechanism adopts a horizontal shaft type rotary tillage head, the horizontal shaft type rotary tillage head comprises a rotary tillage shaft and rotary tillage blades distributed on the rotary tillage shaft, and the rotary tillage shaft is rotationally connected to the bucket shell support and connected with a driving device.

Furthermore, a plurality of rotary tillage blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and/or the axial direction of the rotary tillage shaft; the bending directions of the cutter heads of the rotary tillage blades are the same or different; the rotary tillage blade adopts at least one of a heavy three-blade cutter, a dry land curved cutter, a coulter, a wet land curved cutter, a water tillage cutter and a hexagonal rotary cutter.

Furthermore, the shovel collecting mechanism adopts a push shovel, bucket teeth are arranged at the advancing end of the push shovel, and the bucket teeth are arranged at intervals along the edge extending direction of the push shovel.

Furthermore, the bucket shell support comprises an upper top plate and a side plate, and the upper top plate, the side plate and the shoveling and collecting mechanism are enclosed to form a shoveling and collecting feeding channel.

Furthermore, reinforcing ribs for enhancing the surface strength are arranged on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the bucket shell support, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along at least one direction of the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the oblique direction; and/or a supporting plate or a supporting rod for carrying out auxiliary supporting on the bucket shell bracket is arranged outside the bucket shell bracket.

According to another aspect of the utility model, a dry harvester is also provided, which comprises the digging depth soil crushing regulation and control system.

Furthermore, a bucket shell bracket of the digging depth soil-crushing regulating and controlling system and a frame of the dry type harvester are of an integrally formed integral structure; or a bucket shell support of the digging depth soil crushing control system is hinged to a frame of the dry harvester, a hydraulic oil cylinder is further arranged between the bucket shell support and the frame, the bucket shell support is driven to rotate relative to the frame through the hydraulic oil cylinder, so that the bucket shell support is lifted or lowered, the digging depth soil crushing control system is switched to a ground-off mode to facilitate driving of the dry harvester, and the digging depth soil crushing control system is switched to an operation mode to facilitate shoveling and collecting of fruits in the field.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the deep digging and soil crushing control system is arranged at the advancing end of the dry harvester, and when the dry harvester moves forwards, the deep digging and soil crushing control system is in contact with the layer section where the fruits in the field are located at the first time and harvests the fruits, so that the fruits cannot be rolled by the moving part of the dry harvester before harvesting, and the quality of the fruits during harvesting is ensured; preferably, the width dimension of the digging depth soil breaking control system is the largest width dimension component of the whole dry harvester, so as to ensure that the fruits in the field are rolled by the walking part of the dry harvester after being completely harvested, and further ensure that the harvested fruits and the non-harvested fruits are not damaged by rolling. In the whole harvesting process, the operation is carried out in the field with the surface layer dried after water pumping and draining, at the moment, the surface of the field has certain hardness, and meanwhile, the plough layer of the inner layer of the field still has certain humidity, the relatively hard surface layer of the field needs to be broken during harvesting so as to realize the complete harvesting and screening of the whole plough layer as much as possible, thereby improving the harvest rate of fruits, the utility model provides a deep soil crushing regulation and control system, by arranging the anti-sinking component at the foremost end of the travel, the whole digging depth soil crushing control system can realize the anti-sinking control of the soil during the travel process, the foremost end of the digging depth soil smashing regulation and control system is always kept in contact with the surface of a field soil layer, the rear shoveling and collecting mechanism is ensured to keep stable whole-layer harvesting on a tillage layer which grows in a centralized and flat mode on the whole horseshoe, downward deviation is not easy to generate, and the harvesting rate of fruits is further ensured through subsequent screening operation after the whole-layer harvesting; dig dark hack regulation and control system at the in-process that gos forward, earlier ensure to dig the surface contact of dark hack regulation and control system and field soil layer through the bearing effect of anti subassembly that sinks, then carry out the hack operation through hack mechanism to the field soil top layer of process to break open relatively hard field soil top layer, and then do benefit to the whole layer of shovel mechanism and receive the results, the clod piece that will become simultaneously is broken, in order to do benefit to subsequent screening operation, carry out the whole results in of underground predetermined layer section through shovel mechanism at last, and then reduce the fruit of leaving over in the field, the harvest rate is improved. The area range between the anti-sinking assembly and the shoveling and collecting mechanism is the area range of the whole layer of harvesting, and the area range can be adjusted according to the depths of different types of fruits; the soil crushing mechanism is arranged to crush hard soil layers on the surface, the vertical distance of the anti-sinking assembly can be adjusted according to the depths of different types of fruits, and then the soil crushing mechanism is controlled to crush the surface of the field soil and cannot touch the fruits, so that the fruits are guaranteed to be intact in the harvesting process. According to the deep soil digging regulation and control system, the whole layer of the layer section to which the fruits belong is harvested in a dry harvesting mode, so that the harvesting rate of the fruits is high; whole results process is, earlier harvests the interval that the fruit was located, then rolls through dry harvester again, and whole results process can not form to the fruit completely and rolls destruction, ensures the integrality of fruit, and the water chestnut after the results can be deposited for 4-5 months, even more for a long time for the water chestnut after the results can be through long-time deposit, and then makes the sweetness of water chestnut higher, improves edible taste and sells the price, improves economic value. The deep digging soil crushing regulation and control system can be suitable for harvesting fruit and vegetable crops which can not be rolled in the field; can be suitable for harvesting water chestnut, fruits and vegetables such as garlic, medicinal herbs such as ligusticum wallichii and the like, and crops with similar characteristics and characteristics.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a deep soil excavation regulation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a bucket housing bracket; 101. a support arm; 102. an upper top plate; 103. a side plate; 2. an anti-sink assembly; 3. a soil crushing mechanism; 301. a rotary tillage shaft; 302. a rotary tillage blade; 303. a drive device; 4. a shoveling and collecting mechanism.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the utility model can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a deep soil excavation regulation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the digging depth soil crushing control system of the embodiment is used for being arranged at the advancing end of a dry type harvester to realize that fruits in a preset underground layer section are shoveled and collected on a field with a dry surface layer after water pumping and draining, and comprises a bucket shell support 1 which is arranged at the advancing end of the dry type harvester to carry out structural support, wherein the bucket shell support 1 is provided with an anti-sinking component 2 which is in rolling fit with the surface of the field during advancing so as to avoid sinking into the field, a soil crushing mechanism 3 which is used for crushing the surface layer of the field during advancing, and a shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 which is used for shoveling and collecting materials in the preset underground layer section during advancing; the anti-sinking component 2 is arranged at the advancing end of the bucket shell support 1, the horizontal arrangement position of the anti-sinking component 2 is matched with the surface position of a field, the soil crushing mechanism 3 is arranged behind the anti-sinking component 2, the horizontal arrangement position of the soil crushing mechanism 3 is matched with the surface position of the field in the field and is arranged above the layer section where fruits are arranged, the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 is arranged behind the soil crushing mechanism 3, and the horizontal arrangement position of the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 is matched with the lowest position of the underground preset layer section. The deep digging and soil crushing control system is arranged at the advancing end of the dry harvester, and when the dry harvester moves forwards, the deep digging and soil crushing control system is in contact with the layer section where the fruits in the field are located at the first time and harvests the fruits, so that the fruits cannot be rolled by the moving part of the dry harvester before harvesting, and the quality of the fruits during harvesting is ensured; preferably, the width dimension of the digging depth soil breaking control system is the largest width dimension component of the whole dry harvester, so as to ensure that the fruits in the field are rolled by the walking part of the dry harvester after being completely harvested, and further ensure that the harvested fruits and the non-harvested fruits are not damaged by rolling. In the whole harvesting process, the operation is carried out in the field with the surface layer dried after water pumping and draining, at the moment, the surface of the field has certain hardness, and meanwhile, the plough layer of the inner layer of the field still has certain humidity, the relatively hard surface layer of the field needs to be broken during harvesting so as to realize the complete harvesting and screening of the whole plough layer as much as possible, thereby improving the harvest rate of fruits, the utility model provides a deep soil crushing regulation and control system, by arranging the anti-sinking component 2 at the foremost end of the travel, the whole digging depth soil crushing control system can realize the control of the digging depth soil crushing during the travel, the foremost end of the digging depth soil smashing regulation and control system is always kept in contact with the surface of a field soil layer, the rear shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 is ensured to keep stable whole-layer harvesting on a tillage layer which grows in a centralized and flat mode on the whole horseshoe, downward deviation is not easy to generate, and the harvesting rate of fruits is further ensured through subsequent screening operation after the whole-layer harvesting; dig dark hack regulation and control system at the in-process that gos forward, earlier ensure to dig the surface contact of dark hack regulation and control system and field soil layer through the bearing effect of anti subassembly 2 that sinks, then carry out the hack operation through hack mechanism 3 to the field soil top layer of process to break open relatively hard field soil top layer, and then do benefit to the whole layer of shovel harvesting of shovel mechanism 4, the clod piece that will become simultaneously is broken, in order to do benefit to subsequent screening operation, construct 4 whole results that carry out secret predetermined layer section through shovel at last, and then reduce the fruit of leaving over in the field, the rate of harvest is improved. The area range between the anti-sinking component 2 and the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 is the area range of the whole layer of harvesting, and the area range can be adjusted according to the depths of different types of fruits; the soil crushing mechanism 3 is arranged to crush hard soil layers on the surface, the vertical distance of the anti-sinking assembly 2 can be adjusted according to the depths of fruits of different types, and then the soil crushing mechanism is controlled to crush the surface of the field soil and prevent the fruits from being touched, so that the fruits are guaranteed to be intact in the harvesting process. According to the deep soil digging regulation and control system, the whole layer of the layer section to which the fruits belong is harvested in a dry harvesting mode, so that the harvesting rate of the fruits is high; whole results process is, earlier harvests the interval that the fruit was located, then rolls through dry harvester again, and whole results process can not form to the fruit completely and rolls destruction, ensures the integrality of fruit, and the water chestnut after the results can be deposited for 4-5 months, even more for a long time for the water chestnut after the results can be through long-time deposit, and then makes the sweetness of water chestnut higher, improves edible taste and sells the price, improves economic value. The deep digging soil crushing regulation and control system can be suitable for harvesting fruit and vegetable crops which can not be rolled in the field; can be suitable for harvesting water chestnut, fruits and vegetables such as garlic, medicinal herbs such as ligusticum wallichii and the like, and crops with similar characteristics and characteristics. Alternatively, the height difference between the anti-settling assembly 2, the scooping mechanism 4 and the soil breaking mechanism 3 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the adjusting pad when the anti-settling assembly is assembled on the bucket housing bracket 1.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the anti-settling component 2 employs a carrier roller. The two sides of the bucket shell support 1 extend along the advancing direction of the bucket shell support 1 to form support arms 101, the overhanging ends of the support arms 101 are arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the carrier rollers are located between the two support arms 101 and are rotatably connected to the overhanging ends of the support arms 101. The bearing roller rotationally assembles the end that advances at scraper bowl casing support 1, ensures that the end that advances of digging deep hack regulation and control system floats on the surface in field all the time to dig deep hack regulation and control system front end dead weight little, through the rolling contact of bearing roller and field surface, the effort time of acting on the field surface is short and the effort is spread all around, and is little to the effort in field, and is littleer to the fruit injury on the plough layer in the field, can ignore.

In this embodiment, the overhanging end of the supporting arm 101 is arranged in a downward inclined manner and is provided with an inflatable cushion; or the front edge of the bucket shell bracket 1 extends along the advancing direction of the bucket shell bracket 1 to form a supporting front edge, and the overhanging end of the supporting front edge is obliquely distributed downwards and is provided with an inflatable cushion. The movable type deep soil digging regulation and control system can be used in a relatively humid environment of the surface layer of the field, and the movable type deep soil digging regulation and control system can slide on the humid surface of the field through the inflatable cushion so as to ensure that the advancing end of the deep soil digging regulation and control system always floats on the surface of the field. And dig dark hack regulation and control system front end dead weight little, through inflatable packer and the sliding contact on field surface, the effort time of acting on field surface is short and the effort is to diffusion all around, and is little to the effort in field, and the fruit injury on the plough layer in the field is littleer, can ignore. Alternatively, the inflatable cushion may be horizontally rotatably attached to the bucket housing bracket 1.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the support arm 101 is a straight arm or a bent arm bent downward. The support arm 101 is an integral structure with the bucket housing bracket 1. Optionally, an adjusting pad is installed below the supporting arm 101, and the position of the end supporting roller of the supporting arm can be adjusted according to parameters such as the field environment, the fruit crop type, the characteristic requirement, and the underground layer position, so as to control the relative vertical height (height difference) between the soil crushing mechanism 3 and/or the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4, so as to match the parameters such as the field environment, the fruit crop type, the characteristic requirement, and the underground layer position. Optionally, the supporting arm 101 is adjustably connected and fixed to the bucket housing bracket 1, and the axial length or the orientation of the supporting arm 101 may be adjusted according to parameters such as the field environment, the fruit crop category, the characteristic requirement, and the underground layer location, so as to adjust the position of an end carrier roller, an air cushion, and the like of the supporting arm, and further control the relative vertical height dimension between the soil crushing mechanism 3 and/or the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4, so as to match the parameters such as the field environment, the fruit crop category, the characteristic requirement, and the underground layer location. Alternatively, the support arm 101 is attached to the bucket housing bracket 1 so as to be vertically rotatably adjustable. The specific adjustment mode can adopt: the telescopic arm is matched with the positioning bolt to realize axial length adjustment; or one end is hinged, and the other end is matched and connected through different hole sites, so that the up-and-down rotation adjustment is realized; or the sliding rail or the sliding chute is integrally arranged on the sliding rail or the sliding chute, and is fixed through a positioning pin or a positioning bolt after sliding adjustment, so that adjustment is realized, and the sliding rail or the sliding chute can be of a linear structure for axial position adjustment and can also be of an arc shape for vertical rotation adjustment; alternatively, other axial length adjustment or wobble adjustment methods known in the art may be used. Optionally, the idler adopts smooth roller, and the influence on the field surface is little, and is difficult for sinking in the field. Alternatively, only the vertical height dimension (height difference) can be changed between the support arm 101 and the carrier roller and the transverse-axis spinner head.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the soil crushing mechanism 3 is a horizontal rotary tillage head including a rotary tillage shaft 301 and rotary tillage blades 302 arranged on the rotary tillage shaft 301, and the rotary tillage shaft 301 is rotatably connected to the bucket housing frame 1 and connected to a driving device 303. The rotation speed of the horizontal shaft type rotary tillage head can be controlled through the driving device 303 so as to be matched with the surface hardness of different fields and the harvesting requirements of fruits. Alternatively, the rotary tillage shaft 301 is rotatably connected to the bucket housing bracket 1 by providing an adjustment pad to adjust the position of the rotary tillage shaft 301, thereby changing the vertical height position of the horizontal-axis type rotary tillage head. Specifically, the rotary tillage shaft 301 is rotatably connected to the bucket housing bracket 1 through a bearing block, and the vertical height position of the bearing block is adjusted through an adjusting pad.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of rotary tillage blades 302 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and/or the axial direction of rotary tillage shaft 301. The crooked direction of rotary tillage blade 302's tool bit is the same or different to the realization carries out the crushing of all-round, multi-angle to the soil top layer, reduces the radial size of clod, avoids the big clod to be reaped and leads to follow-up screening separation to go on difficultly. The rotary tillage blade 302 adopts at least one of a heavy three-blade cutter, a dry land curved cutter, a coulter, a wet land curved cutter, a water tillage cutter and a hexagonal drum cutter, and can be selected according to requirements so as to adapt to parameter requirements of different field environments, fruit crop categories, characteristic requirements, underground layer sections where the blades are located and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the shovel mechanism 4 is a push shovel, the advancing end of the push shovel is provided with bucket teeth, and a plurality of bucket teeth are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the edge of the push shovel.

In this embodiment, at least one surface of the blade is provided with the reinforcing ribs for enhancing the surface strength of the blade, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along at least one of the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the oblique direction. Optionally, the blade has a thickness dimension that decreases from the rear end to the front end. When the arrangement direction of the reinforcing ribs is arranged along the advancing direction, a certain guiding effect can be formed, and the push shovel operation is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the bucket housing bracket 1 includes an upper top plate 102 and a side plate 103, and the upper top plate 102, the side plate 103 and the scooping mechanism 4 enclose to form a scooping feed channel. Can assist and enter into the rear through the whole layer soil layer of 4 harvests of mechanism of shovel and carry out further screening operation, avoid the material after the results to remove all around and fall out to digging deep hack regulation and control system and then the problem that the yield reduces that leads to.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the bucket housing bracket 1 is provided with reinforcing ribs on the inner surface and/or the outer surface thereof for enhancing the surface strength, and a plurality of the reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals in at least one of the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction, and the oblique direction. Optionally, a support plate or a support rod for supporting the bucket housing bracket 1 is provided outside the bucket housing bracket 1. By properly reinforcing and supporting the inner and outer surfaces of the bucket housing bracket 1, the structural stability of the bucket housing bracket 1 is improved, and stable harvesting of the fruit is achieved.

The dry harvester of the embodiment comprises the digging depth soil-crushing regulating and controlling system.

In the embodiment, the bucket shell bracket 1 of the digging depth soil-crushing regulation and control system and the frame of the dry harvester are of an integrally formed integral structure; or the bucket shell support 1 of the digging depth soil crushing regulation and control system is hinged and assembled on a frame of the dry harvester, a hydraulic oil cylinder is further arranged between the bucket shell support 1 and the frame, the bucket shell support 1 is driven to rotate relative to the frame through the hydraulic oil cylinder so as to lift or lower the bucket shell support 1, and then the digging depth soil crushing regulation and control system is switched to a ground-off mode so as to facilitate driving of the dry harvester, and the digging depth soil crushing regulation and control system is switched to an operation mode so as to facilitate shoveling and collecting of fruits in the field. Optionally, the bucket shell support 1 of the digging depth soil crushing control system is assembled on a frame of the dry harvester through a link mechanism, a hydraulic oil cylinder is further arranged between the bucket shell support 1 or the frame and the link mechanism, the link mechanism is driven by the hydraulic oil cylinder to drive the bucket shell support 1 to rotate relative to the frame, so that the bucket shell support 1 is lifted or lowered, the digging depth soil crushing control system is switched to a ground-off mode to facilitate driving of the dry harvester, and the digging depth soil crushing control system is switched to an operation mode to facilitate harvesting of fruits in the field.

When the digging depth soil crushing control system is implemented, the digging depth soil crushing control system comprises a bucket shell support 1, an anti-sinking assembly 2, a soil crushing mechanism 3 and a shoveling and collecting mechanism 4. The digging depth soil crushing control system is arranged in front of the dry type harvester, and the total width of bucket teeth of the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 is slightly larger than the outer width of the whole vehicle crawler of the dry type harvester, so that the rubber crawler is ensured not to roll the field without harvesting the water chestnut (the field without harvesting the water chestnut can not be rolled, otherwise, the water chestnut can be damaged internally, and the field can not be stored).

The front end of the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 is provided with bucket teeth. The height difference among the bucket teeth, the rotary tillage heads (horizontal shaft type rotary tillage heads) and the carrier rollers is adjusted by adopting a method of increasing and decreasing the adjusting pads, firstly, the bucket teeth are ensured to basically dig in the bottom of a tillage layer, and a horseshoe and a non-tillage layer are not damaged; secondly, the rotary tillage head is ensured to break the surface layer of the field soil, the tunneling resistance is reduced, and simultaneously the horseshoes are not damaged.

After the shoveling and collecting mechanism 4 shovels the mixture of the horseshoe and the soil, the mixture is conveyed and screened from front to back by a front vibrating screen assembly, a conveying chain assembly and a rear vibrating screen assembly which are connected in sequence. Wherein, the front and the rear vibrating screen assemblies adopt an eccentric rocker arm mechanism to throw and screen backwards, and the rotating speed of an eccentric camshaft is controlled by selecting a proper chain wheel transmission ratio, so that the screening strength is ensured not to damage the horseshoe skin.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A deep soil digging regulation and control system is arranged at the front end of a dry harvester to realize shoveling and collecting fruits in preset layer sections on a field with a dry surface layer after pumping and draining,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

comprises a bucket shell bracket (1) which is used for being arranged on the advancing end of the dry type harvester for structural support,

the bucket shell support (1) is provided with an anti-sinking assembly (2) which is used for rolling and fitting with the surface of the field in the advancing process so as to avoid sinking into the field, a soil breaking mechanism (3) which is used for breaking the surface layer of the field in the advancing process and a shoveling and collecting mechanism (4) which is used for shoveling and collecting materials in a preset layer section of the underground in the advancing process;

the anti-sinking assembly (2) is arranged at the advancing end of the bucket shell bracket (1), the horizontal arrangement position of the anti-sinking assembly (2) is matched with the position of the field surface,

the soil crushing mechanism (3) is arranged behind the anti-sinking component (2), the horizontal arrangement position of the soil crushing mechanism (3) is matched with the surface layer position of the field in the field and is positioned above the layer section where the fruit is positioned,

the shoveling and collecting mechanism (4) is positioned behind the soil crushing mechanism (3), and the horizontal arrangement position of the shoveling and collecting mechanism (4) is matched with the lowest position of the underground preset layer section.

2. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system of claim 1,

the anti-sinking component (2) adopts a carrier roller;

two sides of the bucket shell bracket (1) respectively extend along the advancing direction of the bucket shell bracket (1) to form supporting arms (101),

the cantilever ends of the supporting arms (101) are arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the carrier roller is located between the two supporting arms (101) and is rotatably connected to the cantilever ends of the supporting arms (101).

3. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system of claim 2,

the supporting arm (101) adopts a straight arm or a bent arm bent downwards;

the supporting arm (101) and the bucket shell support (1) are of an integrally formed integral structure, or the supporting arm (101) is adjustably connected and fixed on the bucket shell support (1).

4. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system of claim 1,

the soil crushing mechanism (3) adopts a horizontal shaft type rotary tillage head which comprises a rotary tillage shaft (301) and rotary tillage blades (302) distributed on the rotary tillage shaft (301),

the rotary tillage shaft (301) is rotatably connected to the bucket shell bracket (1) and is connected with a driving device (303).

5. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system of claim 4,

a plurality of rotary tillage blades (302) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and/or the axial direction of the rotary tillage shaft (301);

the bending directions of the cutter heads of the rotary tillage blades (302) are the same or different;

the rotary tillage blade (302) adopts at least one of a heavy three-blade knife, a dry land curved knife, a coulter, a wet land curved knife, a water tillage knife and a hexagonal drum knife.

6. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system of claim 1,

the shovel collecting mechanism (4) adopts a push shovel, the advancing end of the push shovel is provided with bucket teeth, and the bucket teeth are arranged at intervals along the edge extending direction of the push shovel.

7. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

the bucket shell bracket (1) comprises an upper top plate (102) and a side plate (103),

the upper top plate (102), the side plate (103) and the shoveling and collecting mechanism (4) are enclosed to form a shoveling and collecting feeding channel.

8. The excavation depth soil pulverizing control system of claim 7,

reinforcing ribs for enhancing the surface strength are arranged on the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the bucket shell support (1), and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along at least one direction of the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the oblique direction; and/or

The supporting plate or the supporting rod for assisting in supporting the bucket shell support (1) is arranged outside the bucket shell support (1).

9. A dry harvester comprising the deep soil excavation conditioning system of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The dry harvester of claim 9,

a bucket shell bracket (1) of the digging depth soil crushing regulation and control system and a frame of the dry type harvester are of an integrated structure; or

A bucket shell support (1) of the digging depth soil crushing control system is hinged to a frame of the dry harvester, a hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged between the bucket shell support (1) and the frame, the bucket shell support (1) is driven by the hydraulic oil cylinder to rotate relative to the frame so as to lift or lower the bucket shell support (1), and then the digging depth soil crushing control system is switched to a ground-off mode so as to facilitate driving of the dry harvester, and the digging depth soil crushing control system is switched to an operation mode so as to facilitate shoveling and collecting of fruits in a field.

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