CN215493017U - Soil infiltration test equipment - Google Patents
Soil infiltration test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN215493017U CN215493017U CN202120799630.5U CN202120799630U CN215493017U CN 215493017 U CN215493017 U CN 215493017U CN 202120799630 U CN202120799630 U CN 202120799630U CN 215493017 U CN215493017 U CN 215493017U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses soil infiltration test equipment which comprises an infiltration generating device, a water supply device, an infiltration amount monitoring device, a gradient adjusting device, a shooting device and a terminal processor, wherein the infiltration generating device comprises a water supply groove, a water inlet sand storage groove, a soil storage groove, a water outlet sand storage groove and a water storage groove; the water supply device is a Mariotte bottle; the infiltration monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor and a weighing collector, and the Mariotte bottle is arranged on the infiltration monitoring device; the gradient adjusting device comprises a base, a gradient plate, a hinge and a supporting rod, and an infiltration generating device is fixed on the gradient adjusting device; the shooting device is connected to the terminal processor through a data line. The utility model has simple structure, convenient operation and accurate data, can be used for indoor simulation of infiltration tests under different slopes and different soil initial states, and can simulate and calculate the migration speed of a wetting front, the soil infiltration rate, the soil accumulated infiltration amount and the soil shrinkage cracking conditions under different influence factors.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil infiltration simulation, and particularly relates to soil infiltration test equipment.
Background
Soil can develop desiccation cracks due to water loss, and the presence of these cracks can further affect the infiltration of water. In the process of infiltration of moisture, the water content of the soil is changed, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil are changed, and the soil softening phenomenon gradually occurs, so that the stability of the slope is influenced, and the safety of the infrastructure is damaged; on the other hand, it also affects the effective water available to crops, thereby affecting crop growth.
In recent years, researchers have also carried out a great deal of scientific research, and as a result, it has been found that different initial states (initial water content, soil volume weight, soil texture, and the like) and external conditions (infiltration head, sandy water, plant incorporation amount, and the like) of soil have little influence on parameters such as infiltration time, accumulated infiltration amount, migration speed of a wetting front, and the like of soil. The domestic research on the infiltration of water in soil is mostly carried out by a laboratory test method to research the influence of a certain factor on the infiltration of soil. At present, laboratory test researches on infiltration can be divided into two categories, one is to place test soil in a horizontal or vertical earth pillar, provide a constant water head through a Mariotte bottle, observe the horizontal or vertical infiltration process of water in the test soil, and record the infiltration amount of the water through the Mariotte bottle; the other type is that the test soil is put into a self-made soil box, a constant water head is provided through a Mariotte bottle or an overflow groove device, and the infiltration process of water is observed. In the above experimental study, the water infiltration of the soil in the state of no crack when the soil is infiltrated horizontally or vertically is only obtained, but in the actual engineering, cracks exist on the surface or inside of the soil when part of the soil is infiltrated, and the soil has a certain gradient.
Until now, the research work on the soil infiltration condition before the cracking of the soil under the condition of different slopes is few, the comparative research work on the soil infiltration before and after the cracking of the soil is less, and the technical scheme of the infiltration test under different slopes before and after the cracking of the soil is still single and lacks systematicness and comprehensiveness.
Based on the above situation, the utility model designs a brand-new test device for the water infiltration process before soil cracking, the soil cracking situation and the water infiltration process after soil cracking, which is different from the existing infiltration test. The equipment can simultaneously monitor the infiltration amount of the soil before and after the drying shrinkage cracking and the migration condition of the soil wetting front under different angles, and the drying shrinkage cracking condition of the soil under different influence factors. The application is the test equipment of research and development by oneself, during the infiltration generating device of design is put into to experimental soil, after adjusting the angle and opening shooting device and infiltration volume monitoring devices, carries out the level infiltration for the first time earlier, observes the infiltration process, places the sample in airtight environment after the infiltration, makes its abundant saturation. Then, the soil was placed in a constant temperature room until it completely dried, and the cracking was observed. And finally, carrying out secondary infiltration on the dry cracked soil, and observing the infiltration process. And further researching the cracking and infiltration processes of the soil under different influence conditions, monitoring the parameters of the soil cracking condition and the infiltration time, the accumulated infiltration amount, the migration speed of the wetting front and the like of the soil under different influence factors, further deeply researching the change mechanism and the change reason of each parameter in the infiltration process, and providing test basis for preventing slope instability, protecting infrastructure and promoting agricultural development.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, adapt to practical requirements and provide soil infiltration test equipment capable of realizing different gradients.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil infiltration test device comprises an infiltration generating device, a water supply device, an infiltration monitoring device, a shooting device and a terminal processor, wherein the infiltration generating device is a rectangular organic glass groove without a cover at the top, the infiltration generating device is sequentially provided with a water supply groove, a water inlet sand storage groove, a soil storage groove, a water outlet sand storage groove and a water storage groove from left to right, an extractable thin plastic sheet is arranged between the water inlet sand storage groove and the soil storage groove, the water supply groove and the water inlet sand storage groove, the soil storage groove and the water outlet sand storage groove are separated by punched organic glass plates; the water supply device is a Mariotte bottle and is connected to the water supply tank through a water pipe; the infiltration monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor and a weighing collector, and the pressure sensor, the weighing collector and the terminal processor are sequentially connected through a data line; the shooting device comprises two CCD industrial cameras and an adjustable support, one CCD industrial camera is arranged above the infiltration generating device through the adjustable support, the other CCD industrial camera is arranged on the front side of the infiltration generating device, and the two CCD industrial cameras are connected to the terminal processor through data lines.
Still include slope adjusting device, slope adjusting device includes base, slope board, hinge and bracing piece, the hinge sets up in infiltrating the generating device rightmost end, connection base and slope board, infiltration generating device fixes on the slope board, the bracing piece sets up at the slope board leftmost end.
The water supply device is connected with the water supply tank through a water pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water pipe.
The infiltration generating device is a rectangular organic glass groove without a cover at the top, and scale marks are pasted in the length direction, the height direction and the width direction of the glass groove.
The water supply device is arranged above the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the weighing collector, and the weighing collector transmits collected information to the terminal processor through a data line.
The size of the slope plate is slightly larger than that of the infiltration generating device, and the infiltration generating device is fixed above the slope plate through glue.
The base is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, the positioning grooves are provided with angle marks, and the supporting rods are inserted into different positioning grooves to realize the gradient adjustment of the infiltration generating device.
The concrete test method of the soil infiltration test equipment comprises the following steps:
1) assembling the soil sample: the method comprises the steps of screening test soil before testing, dividing the test soil into a plurality of layers, filling the layers into a soil storage tank, compacting the soil layer on the surface of each layer of soil by using a wood hammer according to natural dry density during filling, filling a soil sample of 1cm at each time for ensuring the uniformity of the test soil, and scraping the surface of the soil sample when filling the next layer of soil sample so as to avoid the layering phenomenon between the upper soil layer and the lower soil layer until the filling is finished.
2) Angle adjustment: and adjusting the gradient adjusting device to obtain the angle required by the test.
3) Adding water into the water supply tank: and (3) adding water into the water supply tank to the thickness same as that of the test soil, opening a water inlet valve between the Mariotte bottle and the water storage tank, and adjusting the Mariotte bottle to keep the water level stable so as to provide stable infiltration water pressure.
4) Adjusting equipment: the angle of the shooting device is adjusted, and the infiltration amount monitoring device and the shooting device are simultaneously opened through the terminal equipment to monitor the test process.
5) The infiltration test starts and ends before soil cracking: and taking out the extractable thin plastic plate and starting timing, beginning infiltration before soil cracking, and ending the infiltration test before soil cracking after water enters the water outlet groove and closes the water inlet valve and the extractable thin plastic plate is inserted into the original position.
6) Data processing: and extracting required information according to the soil infiltration process video and the soil infiltration data recorded by the terminal equipment, analyzing the infiltration process, and calculating the accumulated infiltration amount, the migration speed of the wetting front and the infiltration rate.
7) Soil drying shrinkage cracking test: and (4) placing the infiltration generating device horizontally, then filling water in the water tanks at the two ends to fully saturate the soil sample, and removing the water in the water tanks at the two ends to place the saturated soil sample indoors for natural air drying. And in the process of drying shrinkage and cracking of the soil sample, continuously photographing and recording by using a photographing device until the soil sample is completely dried.
8) Infiltration test after soil cracking: and (5) repeating the steps 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 to perform the infiltration test after the soil cracks.
The adjustment of the extraction time interval of the displacement of the wetting front, the extraction time interval of the infiltration amount of the soil moisture, the photographing time interval of the soil drying shrinkage cracking, the photographing position and the like is determined according to a specific test scheme.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1) the test device is made of an organic glass plate, and scale marks are pasted on the outer surface of the infiltration generating device along the length direction, the height direction and the width direction of the infiltration generating device, so that the observation of the displacement condition of a wetting front in the horizontal infiltration process and the control of the thickness of a soil sample are facilitated;
2) the inclination angle of the infiltration generating device can be changed by adjusting the gradient adjusting device, and the soil infiltration tests with different gradients can be simulated indoors;
3) the start and the end of the test can be accurately controlled through the extractable thin plastic plate;
4) the digital visualization of the soil moisture infiltration amount can be obtained through the pressure sensor and the control terminal;
5) the industrial camera is placed on the adjustable support, and test videos and pictures with proper and most clear sizes of all required parts can be obtained;
6) the terminal equipment simultaneously monitors the soil moisture infiltration amount and the wetting front migration condition, so that more accurate information can be obtained;
7) the soil infiltration experimental equipment disclosed by the utility model is simple in structure and convenient to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soil infiltration testing apparatus according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an infiltration generating device; 11. a water supply tank; 12. a sand storage tank at the water inlet; 13. a drawable thin plastic sheet; 14. a soil storage tank; 15. a sand storage tank at the water outlet; 16. a water outlet groove; 17. punching an organic glass plate; 2. a March bottle; 3. an infiltration amount monitoring device; 31. a pressure sensor; 32. a weighing collector; 4. a grade adjustment device; 41. a base; 42. a slope plate; 43. a hinge; 44. a support bar; 5. a photographing device; 51. a CCD industrial camera; 52. an adjustable support; 6. a terminal processor; 7. a water inlet valve; 8. a water pipe; scale mark 9.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the present invention, the detailed description of the present invention is made below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example (b): see fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a soil infiltration test device comprises an infiltration generating device 1, a water supply device, an infiltration monitoring device 3, a gradient adjusting device 4, a shooting device 5 and a terminal processor 6, wherein the infiltration generating device 1 is a rectangular organic glass groove with an uncovered top, a water supply groove 11, a water inlet sand storage groove 12, a soil storage groove 14, a water outlet sand storage groove 15 and a water storage groove 17 are sequentially arranged from left to right, an extractable thin plastic sheet 13 is arranged between the water inlet sand storage groove 12 and the soil storage groove 14, and the water supply groove 11 and the water inlet sand storage groove 12, the soil storage groove 14 and the water outlet sand storage groove 15 and the water outlet groove 16 are separated by a punched organic glass sheet 17; the water supply device is a Mariotte bottle 2 and is connected to the water supply tank 11 through a water pipe 8; the infiltration monitoring device 3 comprises a pressure sensor 31 and a weighing collector 32, wherein the pressure sensor 31, the weighing collector 32 and the terminal processor 6 are sequentially connected through a data line; the gradient adjusting device 4 comprises a base 41, a gradient plate 42, a hinge 43 and a support rod 44, wherein the hinge 43 is arranged at the rightmost end of the infiltration generating device 1 and is connected with the base 41 and the gradient plate 42, the infiltration generating device 1 is fixed on the gradient plate 42, and the support rod 44 is arranged at the leftmost end of the gradient plate 42; the shooting device 5 comprises two CCD industrial cameras 51 and an adjustable bracket 52, one CCD industrial camera 51 is arranged above the infiltration generating device 1 through the adjustable bracket 52, the other CCD industrial camera is arranged at the front side of the infiltration generating device 1, and the two CCD industrial cameras 51 are connected to the terminal processor 6 through data lines.
The soil infiltration test equipment in the embodiment can be used for detecting the migration speed of a wetting front, the accumulated infiltration amount of soil, the infiltration rate of soil and the crack development condition of soil during dry shrinkage cracking during soil infiltration, and the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
1) assembling a soil sample: the method comprises the steps of screening a test soil sample before testing, preparing the test soil sample into water content required by the test, dividing the test soil sample into a plurality of layers, filling the layers into a soil storage tank 14, compacting soil layers on the surface of each layer of the soil sample according to natural dry density during filling, filling 1cm soil samples each time, and scraping the surface of the soil sample to avoid layering between an upper soil layer and a lower soil layer when the next layer of the soil sample is filled until the filling is finished.
2) Adding water into the water supply tank: adding water into the water supply tank 11 until the thickness of the water is the same as that of the soil sample, opening a water inlet valve 7 between the March's flask 2 and the water supply tank 11 and adjusting the March's flask 2 to keep the water level stable so as to provide stable infiltration water pressure;
3) adjusting equipment: put bracing piece 44 into the draw-in groove of base 41 top in, adjustment slope adjusting device 4 obtains experimental required angle, has adjusted the shooting device angle, opens simultaneously infiltration capacity monitoring devices 3 and shooting device 5 through terminal equipment 6 and monitors the test process.
4) The infiltration test starts and ends before soil cracking: and (3) taking out the extractable thin plastic plate 13 and starting timing, starting horizontal infiltration before the soil sample cracks, and ending the horizontal infiltration test before the soil sample cracks when water enters the water outlet groove 16 and the water inlet valve 7 is closed and the extractable thin plastic plate 13 is inserted into the original position.
5) Data processing: and extracting required information according to the soil infiltration process video and the soil infiltration data recorded by the terminal processor 6, analyzing the infiltration process, and calculating the accumulated infiltration amount, the migration speed of the wetting front and the infiltration rate.
6) Soil drying shrinkage cracking test: the infiltration generating device 1 is placed horizontally, then the water tanks at the two ends are filled with water to fully saturate the soil sample, and the water in the water tanks at the two ends is removed to place the saturated soil sample indoors for natural air drying. And in the process of drying shrinkage and cracking of the soil sample, continuously photographing and recording by using a photographing device until the soil sample is completely dried.
7) Infiltration test before soil cracking: and (5) repeating the steps 2, 3, 4 and 5 to perform a horizontal infiltration test after the soil cracks.
The adjustment of the extraction time interval of the displacement of the wetting front, the extraction time interval of the infiltration amount of the soil moisture, the photographing time interval of the soil drying shrinkage cracking, the photographing position and the like is determined according to a specific test scheme.
In conclusion, the soil infiltration test equipment disclosed by the utility model is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can be used for more accurately measuring the water level infiltration condition before soil cracking, the water level infiltration condition after soil cracking and the soil cracking condition under different gradients, can be used for analyzing the influence of different influence factors on soil sample cracking, water level infiltration before cracking and water level infiltration after cracking according to different infiltration processes and soil cracking conditions, and can also be used for carrying out comparative analysis on the water level infiltration condition before and after soil sample cracking. Therefore, the generation reasons of the test phenomena and the relation between the generation reasons and the parameters are analyzed according to the obtained parameters, test basis is provided for preventing slope instability, protecting infrastructure and promoting agricultural development, and the method has positive guiding significance in the aspects of reducing engineering and non-engineering accidents and the like.
The foregoing processes describe the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing examples, which are provided to illustrate the principles of the utility model, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is intended to be protected by the following claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a soil infiltration test equipment, includes infiltration generating device (1), water supply installation, infiltration volume monitoring devices (3), shoots device (5) and terminal processor (6), its characterized in that: the infiltration generating device (1) is a rectangular organic glass groove without a cover at the top, a water supply groove (11), a water inlet sand storage groove (12), a soil storage groove (14), a water outlet sand storage groove (15), a water outlet groove (16) and a water storage groove (17) are sequentially arranged from left to right, a drawable thin plastic sheet (13) is arranged between the water inlet sand storage groove (12) and the soil storage groove (14), the water supply groove (11) and the water inlet sand storage groove (12), the soil storage groove (14) and the water outlet sand storage groove (15) are separated by a punched organic glass plate (17); the water supply device is a Mariotte bottle (2) and is connected to the water supply tank (11) through a water pipe (8); the infiltration monitoring device (3) comprises a pressure sensor (31) and a weighing collector (32), and the pressure sensor (31), the weighing collector (32) and the terminal processor (6) are sequentially connected through a data line; shooting device (5) include two CCD industry cameras (51) and adjustable support (52), CCD industry camera (51) one set up in infiltration generating device (1) top through adjustable support (52), and another set up in infiltration generating device (1) front side, and two CCD industry cameras (51) are connected to terminal processor (6) through the data line.
2. The soil infiltration testing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a slope adjusting device (4), wherein the slope adjusting device (4) comprises a base (41), a slope plate (42), a hinge (43) and a support rod (44), the hinge (43) is arranged at the rightmost end of the infiltration generating device (1) to connect the base (41) and the slope plate (42), the infiltration generating device (1) is fixed on the slope plate (42), and the support rod (44) is arranged at the leftmost end of the slope plate (42).
3. The soil infiltration testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein said Malpighian bottle (2) is connected to a water supply tank (11) through a water pipe (8), said water pipe (8) being provided with a water inlet valve (7).
4. The soil infiltration testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the infiltration generating device (1) is a rectangular organic glass tank without a cover on the top, and the length, height and width directions of the glass tank are all adhered with scale marks (9).
5. A soil infiltration test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the makroll (2) is placed above a pressure sensor (31), the pressure sensor (31) is connected to a weight collector (32), the weight collector (32) transmits the collected information to the end processor (6) via a data line.
6. A soil infiltration test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the slope plate (42) is slightly larger in size than the infiltration generating device (1), the infiltration generating device (1) being fixed above the slope plate (42) by glue.
7. The soil infiltration testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the base (41) is provided with a plurality of positioning slots, the positioning slots are provided with angle marks, and the supporting rods (44) are inserted into different positioning slots to realize the slope adjustment of the infiltration generating device (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120799630.5U CN215493017U (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Soil infiltration test equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120799630.5U CN215493017U (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Soil infiltration test equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215493017U true CN215493017U (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120799630.5U Expired - Fee Related CN215493017U (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Soil infiltration test equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215493017U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-04-19 CN CN202120799630.5U patent/CN215493017U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20220111 |