CN114894655A - Experimental device and method for simulating combined driving of soil particle loss by back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet cycle - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for simulating combined driving of soil particle loss by back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114894655A CN114894655A CN202210380617.5A CN202210380617A CN114894655A CN 114894655 A CN114894655 A CN 114894655A CN 202210380617 A CN202210380617 A CN 202210380617A CN 114894655 A CN114894655 A CN 114894655A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
Abstract
The invention provides an experimental device and a method for simulating the combined driving of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation to lose soil particles, which comprises a water supply and drainage system, a sample chamber, an air drying system and a measuring system; the sample chamber is used for containing samples required by experiments; the sample chamber is connected with a water supply and drainage system for supplying and draining water; an air drying system for air drying is arranged at the top of the sample chamber; the air drying system is provided with a measuring system for measurement. The device can fully simulate the conditions of mass loss, crack development, surface depression degree and the like of the soil body of the bank slope under the action of periodic fluctuation of the water level and natural air drying, can accurately master concrete data of the mass loss of the soil body under the action of combined driving of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation and real-time change conditions of cracks on the surface of the sample, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient and quick use method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water conservancy and rock-soil experiments, in particular to an experimental device and method for simulating particle loss in a bank slope soil body under the condition of river and reservoir water level fluctuation.
Background
In China, more than ten thousand seats of large and small reservoir dams are built, wherein the height of each dam is over 15 meters, nearly twenty thousand seats are provided, various lake water systems are numerous, and 2800 natural lakes with the area of more than 1 square kilometer are provided. For the gravel soil bank slope, water flows into the slope body when the water level of a river or a reservoir rises, and the underground water of the slope body flows out of the slope body when the water level falls, so that a periodic back-and-forth seepage effect is formed, and the loss of fine particles in soil under the seepage effect can reduce the plasticity and viscosity of the soil body and increase the degree of crack development; on the other hand, the water level fluctuation enables the bank slope soil body to undergo the action of dry-wet circulation, so that the development of soil body micro-cracks can be caused, and the stripping of fine particles and the increase of a loss channel of the fine particles are also facilitated. The combined driving action of the back-and-forth seepage and the dry-wet cycle causes the degradation of the microscopic structure and the mechanical property of the soil body, further causes the reduction of the stability of the bank slope, and causes potential harm and adverse effects on the national economic development, the daily life of residents and the natural environment protection. Exploring and researching the loss of fine particles of the bank slope soil body, the crack development and the performance deterioration are important research subjects in the fields of civil engineering, hydraulic engineering, environmental engineering and the like. According to the current situation analysis, the following defects mainly exist:
the seepage erosion experiment only carries out the influence of the water flow action in a single direction on the soil particle loss, and does not simulate the back-and-forth seepage action caused by reservoir water fluctuation;
(II) the combined driving action of the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle on the loss of the fine particles of the soil body is not considered;
and (III) the development rule of the soil fine particle loss process and the soil surface crack development along with the combined action times is not quantitatively described.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an experimental device and a method for simulating the loss of soil particles driven by the combination of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation, which can fully simulate the conditions of mass loss, crack development, surface depression degree and the like of the soil body of a bank slope under the action of periodic fluctuation of water level and natural air drying, can accurately master the concrete data of the mass loss of the soil body under the action of the combination of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation and the real-time change condition of the cracks on the surface of a sample, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient and quick use method.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a simulation comes and goes seepage flow and dry wet cycle and jointly drives experimental apparatus that soil body granule runs off which characterized in that: the device comprises a water supply and drainage system, a sample chamber, an air drying system and a measuring system;
the sample chamber is used for containing samples required by experiments;
the sample chamber is connected with a water supply and drainage system for supplying and draining water;
an air drying system for air drying is arranged at the top of the sample chamber;
the air drying system is provided with a measuring system for measurement.
The sample chamber comprises a transparent cylinder, a broken stone buffer layer is paved on the bottommost layer of the transparent cylinder, permeable stones are paved on the upper layer of the broken stone buffer layer, and a filter screen for filtering is arranged at the center of the bottom end of the transparent cylinder; the sample is arranged on the top layer of the permeable stone.
The water supply and drainage system comprises a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is communicated with the upper side wall of the transparent cylinder through a water pipe and a flushing valve; the water storage tank is communicated with a filter screen at the bottom of the sample chamber through a water pipe and a water inlet valve; the filter screen is connected with a drain pipe through a three-way pipe, and a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe;
the outer side wall of the upper part of the transparent cylinder is communicated with a sand discharge pipe.
The air drying system comprises a fixed support, and the fixed support is provided with a plurality of warm fans for air drying; the fixed bracket is arranged at the top end of the transparent cylinder of the sample chamber;
also comprises a heating pipe arranged inside the transparent cylinder of the sample chamber.
The measuring system comprises a camera and a fine particle collecting barrel;
the camera is arranged at the central part of the bottom of the fixed support of the air drying system;
the fine particle collecting cylinder is connected with a sand discharge pipe of the water supply and drainage system.
Controlling water to seep upwards from the water pipe through the water storage tank and the water inlet valve to enable fine particles in the sample to migrate to the upper surface, and enabling muddy water containing the fine particles to enter the sand discharge pipe through the flushing valve; under the condition that the water inlet valve and the flushing valve are closed, the drain valve is opened to enable free water in the sample to slowly flow downwards, so that the back-and-forth seepage process is realized, and the motion environment of the bank slope underground water during water level lifting is simulated.
After the free water is discharged, the sample is uniformly and rapidly dried through the heating pipes uniformly distributed in the sample chamber and the warm fan arranged on the fixed support, so that the field environment that the soil body is subjected to wind and sunlight is fully simulated; and the steps of water inlet, water discharge and air drying are repeated to simulate the combined driving action of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation.
The camera arranged in the fixed support right above the soil sample can clearly record the crack development condition and the soil surface depression degree of the surface layer of the sample in the whole test period, and the fine particle collecting cylinder connected with the sand discharge pipe can collect fine particles lost by the sample under the combined driving of the back-and-forth seepage and the dry-wet circulation.
The method for carrying out the experiment by adopting the experimental device for simulating the combined driving of the back-and-forth seepage and the dry-wet cycle to the soil particle loss comprises the following steps:
step 1: erecting a water storage tank to a preset height, and checking whether a water pipe, a heating pipe, a camera and an electric heater component in the experimental device can be normally used or not;
step 2: uniformly paving a macadam buffer layer on the lowest layer in the transparent cylinder, coating vaseline on the upper side and the lower side of the permeable stone, and placing the porous stone above the macadam buffer layer;
and step 3: placing the prepared sample on the upper layer of the permeable stone padded with the filter paper, and ensuring the sample to be uniform and flat;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the position between the sand discharge pipe and the fine particle collecting cylinder, switching on data transmission and starting a camera, opening a water inlet valve to simulate the permeation of upward water flow to the sample, and gradually moving fine particles upwards to the surface layer of the sample;
and 5: opening a flushing valve to enable suspended particles on the surface layer of the sample to flow into the fine particle collecting cylinder through the sand discharge pipe, and closing the water inlet valve and the flushing valve after no obvious particles exist in the upper layer of water;
step 6: opening a drain valve to enable free water in the transparent cylinder to be slowly drained from the bottom;
and 7: after the position of the fixed support is adjusted, the heating pipe and the warm fan are turned on, and the sample is dried;
and 8: observing the development condition of the cracks on the surface layer of the sample, closing the heating pipe, the warm air fan and the camera after the cracks are stably developed, and calculating the area rate c of the cracks on the surface through image processing software 1 ；
And step 9: taking down the fine particle collecting cylinder and drying the liquid in the cylinder, wherein the dry mass of the weighed fine particles is m 1 ；
Step 10: repeating the operation steps 4 to 9, and measuring the mass m of the lost fine particles after n times of permeation-drainage-drying processes n And surface crack rate c n And performing data analysis to determine the evolution rule of the fine particle loss quality and the surface fracture rate along with the combined driving action times.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the specific scheme, the development rule of the loss process of fine particles of the soil body of the bank slope under the action of periodic fluctuation of the river level is disclosed;
2. the seepage water pressure is changed by adjusting the height of the water storage tank, and the influence of the water level falling speed on the fine particle loss is analyzed;
3. revealing an evolution rule of soil body surface layer crack development caused by dry-wet circulation;
4. researching the mutual promotion effect of soil body micro-crack development and fine particle loss;
5. the same experiment can be carried out aiming at soil samples with different particle size distributions and different compaction degrees, and the influence of the initial state of the soil body on the fine particle loss process and the micro-crack development rule is explored;
6. the development rules of the density, the water content and the pore ratio of the sample along with the combined driving times can be calculated through the loss of the fine particles and the change of the whole volume of the sample;
drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a first perspective three-dimensional view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a second perspective three-dimensional view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a third perspective three-dimensional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the transparent cylinder of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a water storage tank 1, a water inlet valve 2, a flushing valve 3, a water pipe 4, a sand discharge pipe 5, a drain valve 6, a filter screen 7, a transparent cylinder 8, a broken stone buffer layer 9, a permeable stone 10, a sample 11, a heating pipe 12, a warm fan 13, a fixed support 14, a camera 15 and a fine particle collecting cylinder 16.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
preparation of the experiment:
referring to fig. 1-4, the experimental setup: the device comprises a water storage tank, a water valve, a water pipe, a filter screen, a phi 40 cm-10 cm transparent cylinder, buffer broken stones, permeable stones, a heating pipe, a 200W-4 warm fan, a fixed support, a high-definition camera, a fine particle collecting cylinder and the like.
Soil sample preparation: and the relevant information such as fixed volume, saturated mass, density, particle composition, water content and the like.
Heating pipe and warm fan: and is connected with a 220V power supply.
Oven and balance: and the weighing device is used for weighing the mass of the solid particles in the fine particle collecting cylinder after drying.
Example 2:
as shown in figures 1-4, an experimental device for simulating the combined driving of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation to soil particle loss comprises a water supply and drainage system for simulating the back-and-forth seepage effect and an air drying system for simulating the dehydration and drying process of a sample; the sample chamber is connected with the water supply and drainage system and is used for placing experimental soil; a measuring system for measuring and recording the experimental process is connected to the sample chamber.
Furthermore, the water supply and drainage system mainly comprises a water storage tank 1 with adjustable height, a water inlet valve 2, a flushing valve 3 and a water pipe 4 which are connected with the water storage tank, and a drainage valve 6 and a sand discharge pipe 5 which are connected with a sample chamber; the water supply and drainage system is adopted to realize the back-and-forth seepage effect of water on the sample.
Further, the sample chamber comprises a transparent cylinder 8 connected with a water supply and drainage system; the filter screen 7, the broken stone buffer layer 9, the permeable stone 10 and the sample are placed in the cylinder from bottom to top, and the effect that the seepage water flow and the water pressure uniformly act on the soil body can be achieved.
Further, the air drying system comprises a heating pipe 12 positioned in the transparent cylinder 8, a warm air fan 13 positioned above the sample and a fixing bracket 14 of the warm air fan; the air drying system can be used for accelerating the drying process of the sample and simulating the wind blowing and solarization effects of the discharged free water in the soil body.
Further, the measuring system mainly comprises a camera 15 arranged above the sample and a fine particle collecting cylinder 16 connected with the sand discharge pipe 5; the camera 15 is used for monitoring the phenomenon of fine particle loss during seepage action and recording images and videos of the development of soil sample surface cracks in the drying process; the fine particle collecting cylinder 16 is used for collecting fine particles which migrate out of the sample, and accurate measurement of the loss mass of the fine particles of the sample is realized after deposition, drying and weighing.
Example 3:
the experimental method for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage and the dry-wet cycle by adopting the experimental device comprises the following steps:
step 1: erecting the water storage tank 1 to a preset height, and checking whether the water pipe 4, the heating pipe 12, the camera 15 and the electric heater 13 in the experimental device can be normally used or not;
step 2: uniformly paving a macadam buffer layer 9 on the lowest layer in the transparent cylinder 8, coating vaseline on the upper side and the lower side of the permeable stone 10, and placing the permeable stone above the macadam buffer layer 9;
and step 3: placing the prepared sample on the upper layer of the permeable stone 10 padded with the filter paper, and ensuring the sample to be uniform and flat;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the position between the sand discharge pipe 5 and the fine particle collecting cylinder 16, switching on data transmission and starting the camera 15, opening the water inlet valve 2 to simulate the permeation of upward water flow to the sample, and gradually moving fine particles upwards to the surface layer of the sample;
and 5: opening the flushing valve 2 to enable suspended particles on the surface layer of the sample to flow into the fine particle collecting cylinder 16 through the sand discharge pipe 5, and closing the water inlet valve 2 and the flushing valve 3 after no obvious particles exist in the upper layer water;
step 6: the drain valve 6 is opened, so that the free water in the transparent cylinder 8 is slowly drained from the bottom;
and 7: after the position of the fixed support 14 is adjusted, the heating pipe 12 and the warm fan 13 are turned on, and the sample is dried;
and 8: observing the development condition of the cracks on the surface layer of the sample, closing the heating pipe 12, the warm air fan 13 and the camera 15 after the cracks are stably developed, and calculating the surface crack area rate c through image processing software 1 ；
And step 9: taking down the fine particle collecting cylinder 16 and drying the liquid in the cylinder, weighing the fine particles to a dry mass m 1 ；
Step 10: repeating the operation steps 4 to 9, and measuring the mass m of the lost fine particles after n times of permeation-drainage-drying processes n And surface crack rate c n And recording data as the following table and performing data analysis to determine the evolution rule of the fine particle loss quality and the surface fracture rate along with the frequency of the joint driving action.
Experimental process data information table
Example 4:
the experimental method for simulating the back-and-forth seepage to independently drive the soil body particle loss by adopting the experimental device, namely the effect of dry-wet circulation is not considered, comprises the following steps:
step 1: erecting the water storage tank 1 to a preset height;
step 2: uniformly paving a macadam buffer layer 9 on the lowest layer in the transparent cylinder 8, coating vaseline on the upper side and the lower side of the permeable stone 10, and placing the permeable stone above the macadam buffer layer 9;
and step 3: placing the prepared sample above the permeable stone 10 padded with filter paper, and ensuring the sample to be uniform and flat;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the position between the sand discharge pipe 5 and the fine particle collecting cylinder 16, switching on data transmission and starting the camera 15, opening the water inlet valve 2 to simulate the permeation of upward water flow to the sample, and gradually moving fine particles upwards to the surface layer of the sample;
and 5: opening the flushing valve 2 to enable suspended particles on the surface layer of the sample to flow into the fine particle collecting cylinder 16 through the sand discharge pipe 5, and closing the water inlet valve 2 and the flushing valve 3 after no obvious particles exist in the upper layer water;
step 6: the drain valve 6 is opened, so that the free water in the transparent cylinder 8 is slowly drained from the bottom, and downward seepage is simulated;
and 7: taking down the fine particle collecting cylinder 16 and drying the liquid in the cylinder, weighing the fine particles to a dry mass m 1 ；
And 8: repeating the operation steps 4 to 7, and determining the mass m of the lost fine particles after n times of permeation-drainage-drying processes n And performing data analysis.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a simulation comes and goes seepage flow and dry wet cycle and jointly drives experimental apparatus that soil body granule runs off which characterized in that: the device comprises a water supply and drainage system, a sample chamber, an air drying system and a measuring system;
the sample chamber is used for containing samples required by experiments;
the sample chamber is connected with a water supply and drainage system for supplying and draining water;
an air drying system for air drying is arranged at the top of the sample chamber;
and the air drying system is provided with a measuring system for measurement.
2. The experimental device for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sample chamber comprises a transparent cylinder (8), a gravel buffer layer (9) is paved on the bottommost layer of the transparent cylinder (8), a permeable stone (10) is paved on the upper layer of the gravel buffer layer (9), and a filter screen (7) for filtering is arranged at the center of the bottom end of the transparent cylinder (8); the sample is arranged on the top layer of the permeable stone (10).
3. The experimental device for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water supply and drainage system comprises a water storage tank (1), and the water storage tank (1) is communicated with the upper side wall of the transparent cylinder (8) through a water pipe and a flushing valve (3); the water storage tank (1) is communicated with a filter screen (7) at the bottom of the sample chamber through a water pipe and a water inlet valve (2); the filter screen (7) is connected with a drain pipe through a three-way pipe, and a drain valve (6) is arranged on the drain pipe;
the outer side wall of the upper part of the transparent cylinder (8) is communicated with a sand discharge pipe (5).
4. The experimental device for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air drying system comprises a fixed support (14), and the fixed support (14) is provided with a plurality of warm fans (13) for air drying; the fixed bracket (14) is arranged at the top end of a transparent cylinder (8) of the sample chamber;
also comprises a heating tube (12) arranged inside the transparent cylinder (8) of the sample chamber.
5. The experimental device for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring system comprises a camera (15) and a fine particle collecting cylinder (16);
the camera (15) is arranged at the center of the bottom of a fixing support (14) of the air drying system;
the fine particle collecting cylinder (16) is connected with a sand discharge pipe (5) of a water supply and drainage system.
6. The experimental device for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: controlling water to seep upwards from a water pipe (4) through a water storage tank (1) and a water inlet valve (2) so that fine particles in a sample migrate to the upper surface, and enabling muddy water containing the fine particles to enter a sand discharge pipe (5) through a flushing valve (3); under the condition that the water inlet valve (2) and the flushing valve (3) are closed, the drain valve (6) is opened to enable free water in the sample to slowly flow downwards, so that the back-and-forth seepage process is realized, and the motion environment of the underground water of the bank slope during water level lifting is simulated.
7. The experimental facility for simulating the combined driving of soil particle loss by the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 4, wherein: after the free water is discharged, the sample is uniformly and rapidly dried through the heating pipes (12) uniformly distributed in the sample chamber and the warm fan (13) arranged on the fixed support (14), so that the field environment that the soil body is subjected to wind, wind and sunlight is fully simulated; and the steps of water inlet, water discharge and air drying are repeated to simulate the combined driving action of back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet circulation.
8. The experimental facility for simulating the combined driving of soil particle loss by the back-and-forth seepage flow and the dry-wet cycle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the camera (15) arranged in the fixed support (14) above the soil sample can clearly record the crack development condition and the soil surface depression degree of the surface layer of the sample in the whole test period, and the fine particle collecting cylinder (16) connected with the sand discharge pipe (5) can collect fine particles lost by the sample under the combined driving of the back-and-forth seepage and the dry-wet circulation.
9. The method for carrying out the experiment by adopting the experimental device for simulating the soil particle loss driven by the combination of the back-and-forth seepage and the dry-wet cycle as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: erecting the water storage tank (1) to a preset height, and checking whether the water pipe (4), the heating pipe (12), the camera (15) and the electric heater (13) in the experimental device can be normally used or not;
step 2: uniformly paving a macadam buffer layer (9) on the lowest layer in the transparent cylinder (8), coating vaseline on the upper side and the lower side of the permeable stone (10), and placing the permeable stone above the macadam buffer layer (9);
and step 3: placing the prepared sample on the upper layer of the permeable stone (10) padded with the filter paper, and ensuring the sample to be uniform and flat;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the position between the sand discharge pipe (5) and the fine particle collecting cylinder (16), switching on data transmission and starting the camera (15), opening the water inlet valve (2) to simulate the permeation of upward water flow to the sample, and gradually moving fine particles upwards to the surface layer of the sample;
and 5: opening a flushing valve (2) to enable suspended particles on the surface layer of the sample to flow into a fine particle collecting cylinder (16) through a sand discharge pipe (5), and closing a water inlet valve (2) and the flushing valve (3) after no obvious particles exist in the upper layer of water;
step 6: opening a drain valve (6) to slowly drain the free water in the transparent cylinder (8) from the bottom;
and 7: after the position of the fixed support (14) is adjusted, the heating pipe (12) and the warm fan (13) are turned on, and the sample is dried;
and 8: observing the development condition of the cracks on the surface layer of the sample, closing the heating pipe (12), the warm air fan (13) and the camera (15) after the cracks are stably developed, and calculating the area rate c of the cracks on the surface through image processing software 1 ；
And step 9: removing the fine particle collection canister (16) and drying the liquid in the canister, weighing the fine particles to a dry mass ofm 1 ；
Step 10: repeating the above steps 4-9 to completenAfter the sub-penetration-drainage-drying process, the lost fine particle mass was determinedm n And surface crack ratec n And performing data analysis to determine the evolution rule of the fine particle loss quality and the surface fracture rate along with the combined driving action times.
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| CN202210380617.5A CN114894655A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Experimental device and method for simulating combined driving of soil particle loss by back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet cycle |
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| CN202210380617.5A CN114894655A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Experimental device and method for simulating combined driving of soil particle loss by back-and-forth seepage and dry-wet cycle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116499934A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-28 | 湖南大学 | Soil body particle loss and gas permeability test device and test method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116499934A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-28 | 湖南大学 | Soil body particle loss and gas permeability test device and test method |
| CN116499934B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-09-22 | 湖南大学 | Soil body particle loss and gas permeability test device and test method |
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