CN215380234U

CN215380234U - Cultivation device for light following and supplementing system

Info

Publication number: CN215380234U
Application number: CN202022756617.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢锦平; 孙修东; 张冬菊; 王妍; 李宝昌; 赵文旻
Original assignee: Shanghai Vocational College Of Agriculture And Forestry
Current assignee: Shanghai Huawei Controllable Agricultural Technology Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2022-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cultivation device for a light following and supplementing system, which comprises: the intelligent light tracking module and the cultivation mechanism are operated in a matched mode according to the intelligent light tracking system; the intelligent light tracking module comprises a control unit, a photoelectric detection unit and a sight day movement tracking unit, wherein the photoelectric detection unit comprises a sunlight tracking sensor; the driving mechanism comprises a rotating bearing fixed on the cross beam frame and a driving motor concentric with the center of the rotating bearing shaft, a steel pipe is inserted into the rotating bearing, the steel pipe is simultaneously inserted into an output shaft of the driving motor, a steel wire rope is fixed on the steel pipe, and a cultivation assembly is fixedly connected onto the steel wire rope through a turnbuckle. According to the utility model, the illumination utilization rate is high, the illumination environment is uniform, the utilization rate of the space is increased through a multilayer cultivation mode, the energy consumption is low, and the cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Cultivation device for light following and supplementing system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of crop light supplement, in particular to a cultivation device for a light following and supplementing system.

Background

The existing facility agriculture crop planting light supplement technology mainly comprises two types: one type is mainly from sunlight, the light energy does not depend on artificial supplementary lighting and completely depends on natural light, and the utilization rate of the lighting is low because the interior of the cultivation box adopts a traditional single-layer cultivation mode and is easily restricted by lighting of a greenhouse structure; the utility model provides an artificial light filling lamp light filling, generally be the pointolite, the light intensity is inversely proportional with the square of distance, and fixed mounting is in the ceiling top, can not be according to the different growth stage height-adjusting and the light intensity of crop, and higher to the plant height, the crop of canopy width broad, the lower part blade is sheltered from by the upper portion blade easily, there is upper portion illumination intensity height, lower part illumination intensity is low, whole plant photic inhomogeneous problem, plant the latter half photosynthesis of plant is inefficient, the output and the quality of influence crop.

Prior art's facility agriculture crop plants light filling system that follows spot, traditional natural light cultivation, the cultivation mode is single-layer cultivation mostly, and under this cultivation mode, the crop can furthest's receipt natural light, and the illumination environment is even relatively, but the space utilization of single-layer cultivation mode is low, can't reach the high-efficient utilization in space, and output is less than the artifical light filling mode of increase that carries out high-density cultivation with the three-dimensional cultivation form of multilayer. For improving space utilization, more and more facility greenhouses adopt multilayer three-dimensional cultivation, artifical light filling lamp light filling mode generally is the punctiform light source, fixed mounting is in greenhouse ceiling top, this kind of light filling mode can cause the crop on the upper cultivation frame to receive enough illumination, receive the structural facilities influence of three-dimensional cultivation, the crop on the lower floor cultivation face is in the adverse current adverse circumstances, and then the output that leads to the crop to gather the period can not reach the demand of production, for making all crops can obtain even illumination, need add artifical electric power illumination at every layer of cultivation frame, cause more energy losses, and the maintenance cost in construction cost and later stage is huge, the operation cost has been increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide the cultivation device for the light following and supplementing system, which has the advantages of high illumination utilization rate, uniform illumination environment, increased space utilization rate through a multilayer cultivation mode, small energy consumption and greatly reduced cost. To achieve the above objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a cultivation apparatus for a light following and supplementing system, including:

the intelligent light tracking module and the cultivation mechanism are operated in a matched mode according to the intelligent light tracking system;

the intelligent light tracking module comprises a control unit, a photoelectric detection unit and a sight day movement tracking unit, wherein the photoelectric detection unit comprises a sunlight tracking sensor;

the cultivation mechanism comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a rotating bearing and a driving motor concentric with the center of a rotating bearing shaft, a steel pipe is inserted into the rotating bearing, the steel pipe is inserted into an output shaft of the driving motor at the same time, a steel wire rope is fixed on the steel pipe, and the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with a cultivation assembly through a turnbuckle.

Preferably, the tracking angle includes a solar declination angle, an altitude angle and an azimuth angle, and the solar declination angle is calculated by using a kueber equation:

in the formula: delta is the declination angle of the sun, n is the date number, n is 1 in one month, n is increased by 1 in each passing day, namely n is n + 1; the earth rotates on its own axis, the sun moves to the west at a speed of 15 ° per hour, and a time angle ω at noon is defined as 0 °, at which time the time angle is calculated as:

ω(h)＝15°(12-h)

in the formula: h is a time unit, the real-time position of the sun is biased to the east and negative, respectively.

Preferably, the azimuth angle and the elevation angle may determine a specific position of the sun relative to a geographical position of an observer on the earth, and the calculation formula of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle is as follows:

β＝arcsin(sinδsinφ+cosδcosφcosω)

in the formula:

the latitude value of the position of the observer is shown, and omega is a time angle.

Preferably, the cultivation mechanism comprises a support frame, a beam frame fixed on the support frame, a ceiling arranged above the beam frame, an illumination sensor fixed on the ceiling, a driving mechanism fixed on the beam frame, and a cultivation assembly fixed on the driving mechanism.

Preferably, the cultivation assembly comprises a cultivation tank and a water supply pipe fixed at the bottom of the cultivation tank, the bottom of the cultivation tank is provided with a water supply and drainage port, and at least two water supply and drainage brackets are arranged along the length direction of the cultivation tank.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the intelligent light tracking module can track the sunlight on sunny days or cloudy days respectively, and the artificial light compensation is carried out in real time according to the growth conditions of crops on cloudy days, so that the problems of high illumination uniformity, shading, energy consumption and the like are solved systematically. Therefore, the full utilization of sunlight by crops is realized efficiently, uniformly, accurately and at low cost, the agricultural yield and economic benefit are improved, the angle of sunlight is detected in real time through the photoelectric detection unit in a fine day, and then the angle of the sunlight is transmitted to the control unit, the control unit controls the driving motor in the cultivation mechanism, and then the liftable cultivation device is automatically controlled according to the change of the sunlight in different lighting periods, the light supplementing time is prolonged, so that the crops can receive natural light to the maximum extent, the crops can uniformly change along with the rise and fall of the local sunlight, the irradiation of the natural light is received from different angles, the crops are guaranteed to obtain sufficient illumination, the planting density can be improved, and the land utilization rate is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of a cultivation device for a light following and supplementing system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a V-shaped structure view of a cultivation tank in a cultivation apparatus for a light following and supplementing system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-type structure view of a cultivation trough of a cultivation apparatus for a light follow-up and fill-in system according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a horizontal type structural view of a cultivation tank in a cultivation apparatus for a light following and supplementing system according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a support frame; 2. a ventilation window; 3. an illumination sensor; 4. a wire rope; 5. a turnbuckle; 6. a cultivation trough; 7. a manual light supplement lamp; 8. a plant; 9. a ground surface; 10. a drive motor; 11. a water supply and drainage port; 12. a cross beam frame; 13. a water supply and drainage bracket; 14. a water supply pipe; 15. and rotating the bearing.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a cultivation apparatus for a light-following and filling system includes: the intelligent light tracking module and the cultivation mechanism are operated in a matched mode according to the intelligent light tracking system;

the driving mechanism comprises a rotating bearing 15 fixed on the cross beam frame 12 and a driving motor 10 concentric with the shaft center of the rotating bearing 15, a steel pipe 16 is inserted into the rotating bearing 15, the steel pipe 16 is simultaneously inserted into an output shaft of the driving motor 10, a steel wire rope 4 is fixed on the steel pipe 16, a cultivation component is fixedly connected onto the steel wire rope 4 through a turnbuckle 5, when the output shaft of the driving motor 10 rotates, the rotating bearing 15 is driven to rotate, the steel pipe 16 is driven to rotate, the steel wire rope 4 is fixed on the steel pipe 16, and the steel wire rope 4 is shortened to drive the cultivation groove 6 to ascend and descend.

Further, during the operation of the sun, the declination angle (the included angle between the direct light of the sun and the equatorial plane of the earth) changes along with the change of time, the maximum value and the minimum value are respectively reached in the two solar terms of summer solstice (6 months 21 days) and winter solstice (12 months 22 days), the tracking angle comprises the declination angle of the sun, an altitude angle and an azimuth angle, and the declination angle of the sun is calculated by using the Kuber equation:

ω(h)＝15°(12-h)

Further, the azimuth and the elevation angle may determine a specific position of the sun relative to a geographical position of an observer on the earth, and the calculation formula of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle is as follows:

β＝arcsin(sinδsinφ+cosδcosφcosω)

in the formula:

When a sunny day appears after a cloudy day, the system is preferential to automatically switch to a photoelectric mode for tracking, two tracking modes are adopted for mutual supplement, the liftable cultivation device is driven to lift through the control motor to form different arrangement matrixes, and the starting, stopping and lifting of the track are automatically regulated and controlled according to the daily change condition of solar illumination. The liftable cultivation device is automatically controlled according to the change of sunlight in different lighting periods, and the light supplementing time is prolonged, so that the crops can receive natural light to the maximum extent, the crops can uniformly receive the irradiation of the natural light from different angles along with the lifting change of the sunlight on the local, the crops can be ensured to obtain sufficient illumination, the planting density can be improved, and the land utilization rate is improved. The time system is also matched with an artificial light supplement system, and the artificial light supplement system is deployed in real time on cloudy days or at night according to the growth condition of crops, so that the problems of high illumination uniformity, shading, energy consumption and the like are solved systematically. Therefore, the full utilization of the sunlight by the crops is realized efficiently, uniformly, accurately and at low cost, and the agricultural yield and economic benefit are improved. Thereby promoting the large-scale popularization and application of the modern facility agriculture high-efficiency production planting technology.

Further, cultivation mechanism includes support frame 1, be fixed in crossbeam frame 12 on the support frame 1, set up in the ceiling of crossbeam frame 12 top, be fixed in light sensor 3 on the ceiling, be fixed in actuating mechanism on the crossbeam frame 12 and be fixed in the last cultivation subassembly of actuating mechanism, because of there being the initiative to chase after light formula and fixed, the initiative is chased after light formula and is in install according to certain area proportion and cover light sensor 3 on the ceiling, crossbeam frame 12 is fixed in on ground 9, just constitute the plant between crossbeam frame 12 and the support frame 1 and plant the interval, when the sunlight angle change, actuating mechanism drives cultivation subassembly and carries out and remove along vertical direction, ventilation window 2 has been seted up on the ceiling.

Further, the cultivation assembly comprises a cultivation groove 6 and a water supply pipe 14 fixed at the bottom of the cultivation groove 6, plants 8 are planted in the cultivation groove 6, a water supply and drainage port 11 is formed in the bottom of the cultivation groove 6, and at least two water supply and drainage support grooves 13 are formed in the length direction of the cultivation groove 6.

Further, the crossbeam frame 12 is evenly fixed with a plurality ofly along the horizontal direction actuating mechanism, every the actuating mechanism rigid coupling has the cultivation subassembly, and every be provided with artifical light filling lamp 7 between the actuating mechanism, artifical light filling lamp 7 is fixed in on the crossbeam frame 12, and accessible artifical light filling lamp 7 carries out the light filling to the plant when weather is cloudy day.

By defining a daily 9: the arrangement mode of the cultivation grooves 6 at 00 hours is an inverted V shape, and the angle of the initial position is consistent with the solar azimuth angle of the time agreed on the day. The angle is automatically changed every 1 hour to carry out lifting arrangement, the angle is changed by 15 degrees every hour, wherein the speed ratio of noon 12: when 00, a horizontal arrangement mode or a staggered arrangement mode is adopted.

Horizontal type, inverted V type, staggered type, etc. by setting, the arrangement is automatically performed once every a period of time, and the lifting arrangement of the cultivation tanks 6 can be set according to the total rotation angle. When the illumination condition is weak or at night, the artificial light supplement lamp can be used for supplementing light, so that the energy consumption is reduced and the benefit is improved on the premise of ensuring the yield and the quality.

The number of devices and the scale of the processes described herein are intended to simplify the description of the utility model, and applications, modifications and variations of the utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

While embodiments of the utility model have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the utility model pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the utility model is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cultivation device for a light-following and light-supplementing system, comprising:

a cross frame (12);

the cultivation mechanism comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a rotating bearing (15) fixed on the cross beam frame (12) and a driving motor (10) concentric with the shaft center of the rotating bearing (15), a steel pipe (16) is inserted into the rotating bearing (15), the steel pipe (16) is simultaneously inserted into an output shaft of the driving motor (10), a steel wire rope (4) is fixed on the steel pipe (16), and the steel wire rope (4) is fixedly connected with a cultivation assembly through a turnbuckle.

2. A cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation mechanism comprises a support frame (1), a beam frame (12) fixed on the support frame (1), a ceiling arranged above the beam frame (12), a light sensor (3) fixed on the ceiling, a driving mechanism fixed on the beam frame (12), and a cultivation component fixed on the driving mechanism.

3. The cultivation device for a light tracing and supplementing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cultivation component comprises a cultivation tank (6) and a water supply pipe (14) fixed at the bottom of said cultivation tank (6), said cultivation tank (6) has a water supply and drainage port at the bottom, and at least two water supply and drainage brackets (13) are provided along the length direction of said cultivation tank (6).