CN114967765A - Bear crop growth information sensor's device day by day - Google Patents

Bear crop growth information sensor's device day by day Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114967765A
CN114967765A CN202210011758.XA CN202210011758A CN114967765A CN 114967765 A CN114967765 A CN 114967765A CN 202210011758 A CN202210011758 A CN 202210011758A CN 114967765 A CN114967765 A CN 114967765A
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day
steering engine
photoelectric sensor
crop growth
growth information
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CN114967765B (en
Inventor
刘乃森
唐普传
刘福霞
张文宇
张美娜
吴茜
孙传亮
曹静
李百明
吴金恺
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Huaiyin Normal University
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Huaiyin Normal University
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12Control of position or direction using feedback
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J2001/4266Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors for measuring solar light
    • G01J2001/4285Pyranometer, i.e. integrating over space

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sun tracking device bearing a crop growth information sensor, which comprises a skylight light intensity acquisition structure, an angle adjusting and driving structure, a system control circuit board and a sensor mounting platform, wherein the skylight light intensity acquisition structure measures sunlight radiation information in different directions through a photoelectric sensor, the sun position is accurately judged by combining a motion control algorithm, and a system control processor controls the angle adjusting and driving structure to track the sun, so that sunlight vertically irradiates the crop growth information sensor, the influence caused by the change of the elevation angle of the sun is eliminated, and the monitoring accuracy of the crop growth information sensor is improved.

Description

Bear crop growth information sensor's device day by day
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural information measurement, in particular to a day-by-day device for bearing a crop growth information sensor.
Background
Crop canopy information monitoring and diagnosis and control based on the monitoring information are core technologies of intelligent agriculture, a crop sensor is a key device for efficiently acquiring crop canopy information, and the accuracy of the sensor for acquiring the crop canopy information directly determines the diagnosis and control effect of the intelligent agriculture. At present, a passive light source crop growth information sensor based on sunlight obtains reflectivity through calculation of sunlight and crop reflected light received by the upper surface and the lower surface, and crop canopy information is further obtained through the reflectivity. The upper surface of the sensor has a certain degree of specular reflection, so that the solar altitude influences the light incoming amount of the sensor, and further influences the monitoring accuracy of the sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a day-by-day device for bearing a crop growth information sensor, which solves the problems, the upper surface of the sensor is just opposite to the sun by chasing the sun, the influence of the solar altitude on the crop growth information sensor is eliminated, and the monitoring accuracy of the sensor is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a day-by-day device bearing a crop growth information sensor comprises a skylight light intensity collecting structure, an angle adjusting and driving structure, a system control circuit board and a crop growth information sensor carrying platform, wherein the skylight light intensity collecting structure comprises a hollow prismatic table, a photoelectric sensor base and a photoelectric sensor circuit board, countersunk through holes are respectively formed in the top surface and each side surface of the prismatic table, the photoelectric sensor base is respectively clamped on each countersunk through hole in the prismatic table, a lighting through hole is formed from the top surface to the bottom of the photoelectric sensor base in each countersunk through hole, and the photoelectric sensor circuit board is respectively installed at the bottom of each photoelectric sensor base; the angle adjusting and driving structure comprises an azimuth angle steering engine, an elevation angle steering engine, a prism table bracket and a support frame, wherein the skylight light intensity collecting structure and the crop growth information sensor carrying table are respectively arranged on the top surface and the side surface of the prism table bracket; the photoelectric sensor, the azimuth steering engine and the altitude steering engine are respectively in signal connection with a system control circuit board.
The invention further improves the technical scheme that the prismatic table is a regular prismatic table, and the inclination angle of the prismatic table is
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Is the angle of view of the photoelectric sensor on the top surface of the prism table,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the field angle of the photoelectric sensors on the prism side surface
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
In the formularIs the radius of a lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base,hthe height of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base. The design of the frustum structure meets the requirements of the inclination angle and the field angle, and the frustum structures such as three shuttles, four-frustum, six-frustum, eight-frustum and the like can avoid the field blind area when the sun is tracked by the sun day by day device; photoelectric sensor base designed to different diametersAnd a high lighting through hole to change the angle of view of the photosensor.
According to a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the radius of the countersunk head through hole on the frustum pyramidr 1 Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
in the formulah 1 The depth of the countersunk head through hole is,ris the radius of a lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base,hthe height of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base. The radius design of the counter bore can avoid blocking incident light of the photoelectric sensor.
According to a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the prism table comprises an upper prism table shell and a bottom plate which are connected in a split mode, and a circuit board for bearing the control processor of the system is installed on the bottom plate in the prism table. The photoelectric sensor in the prismoid is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain, and the circuit board for bearing the system control processor is also sealed in the prismoid, so that the structure is compact, and the sealing performance is good.
According to a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the inner wall of the frustum pyramid is provided with a routing constraint structure. The signal line of restraint photoelectric sensor, the circuit is clear, and the space is clean and tidy not in disorder, easily later maintenance.
According to a further improved technical scheme of the invention, optical glass is arranged on the outer surface of the countersunk through hole. The optical glass has dustproof function.
According to a further improved technical scheme, the steering engine has the rotation angle larger than or equal to 180 degrees, and the control precision of the steering engine is better than 1 degree. Preferably, the rotation angle of the steering engine is 180 degrees, and the control precision of the steering engine is better than 0.1 degree.
According to a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the support frame is formed by additionally arranging transverse feet externally connected with the bottoms of the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate on an n-shaped structure. The device is placed stably.
According to a further improved technical scheme, the prism table support is n-shaped, one vertical bottom plate is rotatably connected with an output shaft of the altitude angle steering engine, the other vertical bottom plate is movably connected with the rear end of the altitude angle steering engine, the azimuth angle steering engine is fixed on the support frame, and the output shaft of the azimuth angle steering engine is rotatably connected with the altitude angle steering engine.
According to a further improved technical scheme, the altitude steering engine, the steering engine holder, the azimuth steering engine and the support frame are packaged in the shell. The parts are packaged in the shell, the sealing performance is good, the parts are not blown by outside wind or rain, and the service life is prolonged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the device, through the design of a skylight light intensity collecting structure, the matching of the prism table, an internal photoelectric sensor base and the photoelectric sensor, the solar radiation intensity in different directions is measured, the position of the sun can be accurately judged through combining a motion control algorithm, parameters are provided for angle regulation and control, and the upper-angle steering engine and the azimuth-angle steering engine in the angle regulating and driving structure rotate to regulate the angle of the device, so that the upper surface of a crop growth information sensor borne by the device is opposite to the sun, the influence of the sun height on measurement is eliminated, and the monitoring accuracy of the crop growth information sensor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the prism table;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base of a photoelectric sensor;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a field of view of a prism table;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of the base of the photoelectric sensor and the prism table.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the skylight structure of the invention includes a skylight light intensity collecting structure 1, an angle adjusting and driving structure 2, a system control circuit board 3 and a crop growth information sensor mounting platform 4, wherein the skylight light intensity collecting structure 1 includes a hollow prism table 11, a photoelectric sensor base 12 and a photoelectric sensor circuit board 13, the prism table 11 comprises an upper prism table shell and a bottom plate which are connected in a split way, the periphery of the bottom of the prism table shell and the periphery of the bottom plate are respectively provided with corresponding connecting holes 112, the bottom plate is connected on the prism table shell by bolts to form a hollow structure, countersunk through holes 111 are respectively formed in the top surface and each side surface of the prismatic table 11, photoelectric sensor bases 12 are respectively clamped on the countersunk through holes in the prismatic table, lighting through holes 121 are formed from the top surface to the bottom of the photoelectric sensor bases 12 in the countersunk through holes, and photoelectric sensor circuit boards 13 are respectively installed at the bottoms of the photoelectric sensor bases 12.
The prism table 11 is a regular prism table, and the inclination angle thereofθSatisfies the following conditions:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
in the formulaα 1 The field angle of the photoelectric sensor on the top surface of the frustum pyramid,α 2 the angle of view of the frustum-side photoelectric sensor and the angle of view of each photoelectric sensor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Wherein r is the radius of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base, and h is the height of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base; radius r of countersunk head through hole on frustum of prism 1 Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
in the formula h 1 The depth of the countersunk head through hole, r is the radius of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base, and h is the height of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base.
The photoelectric sensor base, a circuit board bearing a photoelectric sensor and the specific connection structure in the prismatic table are that a step groove 115 is arranged on the periphery of a countersunk through hole in the inner wall of the prismatic table 11, a step surface 122 is arranged on the top surface of the photoelectric sensor base 12, a convex column 123 is arranged on the step surface, a lighting through hole 121 penetrates through the convex column 123, the step surface 122 and the top wall 124 of the photoelectric sensor base, the convex column 123 is clamped in the countersunk through hole 111, the step surface 122 is clamped in the step groove 115 of the prismatic table, the periphery of the top wall of the photoelectric sensor base and the periphery of the step groove on the prismatic table are correspondingly provided with connecting holes 112, and the photoelectric sensor base 12 is fixed on the inner wall of the prismatic table 11 by bolts; the lower part of the photoelectric sensor base 12 is a hollow peripheral wall with an open bottom, the bottom surface of the peripheral wall is provided with connecting holes 112, the periphery of the photoelectric sensor circuit board 13 is provided with corresponding connecting holes 112, and the circuit board is connected to the photoelectric sensor base by bolts. In order to facilitate wiring, wiring constraint structures 113 are arranged at the joints of the two side surfaces on the inner wall of the prismatic table shell. The bottom plate is provided with a circuit through hole. And optical glass 114 is arranged on the outer surface of the countersunk head through hole 111 and has a dustproof effect. The photoelectric sensor is connected with a feedback amplifying circuit through signals and can convert weak light signals into amplified electric signals.
The angle adjusting and driving structure 2 comprises an azimuth angle steering engine 21, a height angle steering engine 22, a prism table bracket 24 and a support frame 25, the skylight light intensity collecting structure 1 and the crop growth information sensor lapping table 4 are respectively arranged on the top surface and the side surface of the prism table bracket 24, the prism table bracket 24 is rotationally connected to an output shaft of the height angle steering engine 22, the azimuth angle steering engine 21 is fixed on the support frame 25, and the output shaft of the azimuth angle steering engine is rotationally connected with the height angle steering engine; the photoelectric sensor circuit board 13, the azimuth angle steering engine 21 and the altitude angle steering engine 22 are respectively connected to the system control circuit board 3 in a signal mode, and the system control circuit board 3 is installed on a bottom plate in the prism table. The rotation angle of the steering engine is 180 degrees, and the control precision of the steering engine is 0.1 degree.
In the embodiment of the invention, the prism table is a quadrangular prism table, five photoelectric sensor bases are arranged on the top surface and each side surface in the prism table, five circuit boards for bearing the photoelectric sensors are arranged on the bases, the inclination angle of the prism table is 30 degrees, the field angle of the top photoelectric sensor is 14 degrees, the field angles of four side photoelectric sensors are all 52 degrees, the half of the sum of the field angles of the top photoelectric sensor and the side photoelectric sensor is larger than the inclination angle of the prism table, a field blind area is effectively avoided, 5 photoelectric sensors respectively measure optical signals in the top, front, back, left and right 5 field angles and convert the optical signals into electric signals, the sun position can be accurately judged by measuring the light radiation intensity of different directions and the difference and the ratio of the front and back sensors and the left and right sensors by combining a motion control algorithm, a system control processor 3 calculates signals to control the rotation of an azimuth angle steering engine and a height angle steering engine, the error of the motion day by day is less than 1.5 degrees.
The supporting frame 25 is a horizontal foot added on the n-shaped structure and externally connected with the bottoms of the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate. The prism table bracket 24 is n-shaped, one vertical bottom plate is rotatably connected with an output shaft of the elevation angle steering engine, and the other vertical bottom plate is movably connected with the rear end of the elevation angle steering engine; the azimuth steering engine is fixed on the support frame, and an output shaft of the azimuth steering engine is rotationally connected with the altitude steering engine. The height angle steering engine 22, the azimuth angle steering engine 21 and the support frame 25 are packaged in the shell 5.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a bear device day by day of crop growth information sensor which characterized in that: the crop growth information sensor assembling platform comprises a skylight light intensity collecting structure (1), an angle adjusting and driving structure (2), a system control circuit board (3) and a crop growth information sensor assembling platform (4), wherein the skylight light intensity collecting structure (1) comprises a hollow prismatic table (11), a photoelectric sensor base (12) and a photoelectric sensor circuit board (13), countersunk through holes (111) are respectively formed in the top surface and each side surface of the prismatic table (11), the photoelectric sensor base (12) is respectively clamped on each countersunk through hole in the prismatic table, lighting through holes (121) are formed from the top surface to the bottom of the photoelectric sensor base (12) in each countersunk through hole, and the photoelectric sensor circuit board (13) is respectively installed at the bottom of each photoelectric sensor base (12); the angle adjusting and driving structure (2) comprises an azimuth angle steering engine (21), a height angle steering engine (22), a prism table bracket (24) and a support frame (25), the skylight light intensity collecting structure (1) and the sensor lapping table (4) are respectively installed on the top surface and the side surface of the prism table bracket (24), the prism table bracket (24) is installed on an output shaft of the height angle steering engine (22), the height angle steering engine (22) is installed on an output shaft of the azimuth angle steering engine (21), and the azimuth angle steering engine (21) is fixed on the support frame (25); the photoelectric sensor circuit board (13), the azimuth angle steering engine (21) and the altitude angle steering engine (22) are respectively in signal connection with the system control circuit board (3).
2. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: the prismatic table (11) is a regular prismatic table with an inclination angle
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
in the formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The field angle of the photoelectric sensor on the top surface of the frustum pyramid,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
the field angle of the photoelectric sensors on the prism side surface
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
In the formularIs the radius of a lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base,hthe height of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base.
3. The day-by-day device of claim 2 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: radius of countersunk head through hole on prismatic tabler 1 Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
in the formulah 1 The depth of the countersunk head through hole is,ris the radius of a lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base,hthe height of the lighting through hole of the photoelectric sensor base.
4. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: the prismoid (11) comprises an upper prismoid shell and a bottom plate which are connected in a split mode, and the system control circuit board (3) is installed on the bottom plate in the prismoid.
5. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: and a wiring constraint structure (113) is arranged on the inner wall of the prismatic table (11).
6. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: and optical glass (114) is arranged on the outer surface of the countersunk head through hole (111).
7. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: the rotation angle of the steering engine is larger than or equal to 180 degrees, and the steering engine control precision is superior to 1 degree.
8. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: the supporting frame (25) is formed by adding external transverse feet at the bottoms of the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate of the n-shaped structure.
9. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: the prism table bracket (24) is n-shaped, one vertical bottom plate is rotatably connected with an output shaft of the elevation angle steering engine, and the other vertical bottom plate is movably connected with the rear end of the elevation angle steering engine; the azimuth steering engine is fixed on the support frame (25), and an output shaft of the azimuth steering engine is rotationally connected with the elevation angle steering engine.
10. The day-by-day device of claim 1 carrying crop growth information sensors, wherein: and the altitude steering engine (22), the azimuth steering engine (21) and the support frame (25) are packaged in the shell (5).
CN202210011758.XA 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Daily device for bearing crop growth information sensor Active CN114967765B (en)

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