CN215062083U - Solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln - Google Patents
Solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN215062083U CN215062083U CN202122248338.7U CN202122248338U CN215062083U CN 215062083 U CN215062083 U CN 215062083U CN 202122248338 U CN202122248338 U CN 202122248338U CN 215062083 U CN215062083 U CN 215062083U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln, which comprises a vertical rotary kiln, a vertical secondary combustion chamber and a tertiary combustion chamber and a waste heat boiler, wherein the vertical rotary kiln is communicated with the vertical secondary combustion chamber through a transition flue, and the vertical secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the tertiary combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler; the vertical rotary kiln comprises a rotary kiln body, a kiln cover is installed on the upper portion of the rotary kiln body, an impeller feeder and a transition flue are installed on the kiln cover, a storage bin is installed on the impeller feeder, a rotary kiln seat is installed on the lower portion of the rotary kiln body, a rotary kiln grate is arranged in the rotary kiln seat, the rotary kiln seat is installed on a rotary disc bearing support, and an ash receiving hopper is installed below the rotary disc bearing support. The kiln comprises a drying section, a pyrolysis and gasification section, a high-temperature incineration section, a burnout section and a grate protection section from top to bottom, a kiln body part with high temperature is protected by a water-cooled wall, the grate is safe and reliable to operate due to reasonable temperature distribution, garbage is completely incinerated in a high-temperature layer, and the burning amount of incineration residues is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the environmental protection equipment field especially relates to a solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln, is the incinerator kiln of a processing city, rural domestic waste, medical waste and industry solid waste.
Background
The currently domestic garbage incinerator types can be divided into: fixed bed incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, and horizontal rotary kiln type incinerator. The fixed bed incinerator has the longest development history and mature technology, but has poor combustion stability, higher thermal ignition loss of slag discharge, insufficient incineration when mechanical stirring is not thorough, difficult control of combustion temperature, and more slag discharge and harmful gas generation. The fire grate needs to be made of high-grade heat-resistant alloy steel, so that the investment and maintenance cost are high. The fire grate of the fixed bed incinerator has various structural forms, such as a fixed fire grate furnace, a reciprocating fire grate furnace, a movable fire grate furnace, a multi-stage roller fire grate furnace and the like. The most widely used is an inclined push type grate furnace, such as a Martin reverse push type grate incinerator, and the garbage is fully preheated and stirred in the furnace. The production technology of key parts such as the grate of the incinerator and the like is difficult, and at present, the corresponding production technology is not mastered in China actually and mainly depends on introduction.
The horizontal rotary kiln type incinerator is mainly used for treating industrial garbage or special garbage such as organic sludge and the like, and has little achievement for incinerating domestic garbage.
The fluidized bed incinerator is characterized in that quartz sand or furnace slag with a certain thickness and a certain particle size range is paved in the incinerator, air with a certain pressure is blown in through a bottom air distribution plate, and sand grains are blown up, overturned and floated. The fluidized bed incinerator has advanced technology but higher pretreatment requirement, large fly ash production amount, high load of a tail gas treatment system, high power load and easy abrasion of a furnace body.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
a solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln comprising:
the vertical rotary kiln is communicated with the vertical secondary combustion chamber through a transition flue, and the vertical secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the tertiary combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler;
the vertical rotary kiln comprises a rotary kiln body, wherein a kiln cover is arranged at the upper part of the rotary kiln body, an impeller feeder and a transition flue are arranged on the kiln cover, a storage bin is arranged on the impeller feeder, a rotary kiln seat is arranged at the lower part of the rotary kiln body, a rotary kiln grate is arranged in the rotary kiln seat, meanwhile, the rotary kiln seat is arranged on a rotary disc bearing support, an ash receiving hopper is arranged below the rotary disc bearing support, the lower part of the ash receiving hopper is inserted into a slag pool, the slag pool is communicated with the outside through a slag remover, in addition, one end of an air pipe extending into the kiln in the vertical direction is arranged below the rotary kiln grate, and the other end of the air pipe is connected with a primary fan;
the vertical secondary combustion chamber comprises a combustion kiln body, a smoke inlet connected with one end of a transition flue is formed in the outer wall of the upper part of the combustion kiln body, a smoke outlet is formed in the outer wall of the lower part of the combustion kiln body, a secondary fan is installed on a kiln top cover at the top of the combustion kiln body, an air port of the secondary fan is vertically and downwards installed on the kiln top cover and communicated with the interior of the combustion kiln body, and a burner fire spraying port is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the combustion kiln body;
tertiary combustion chamber adds exhaust-heat boiler, including tertiary combustion chamber, tertiary combustion chamber lower part and the intercommunication of burning the kiln body, the intercommunication has tertiary fan on the lateral wall of tertiary combustion chamber, and the lateral wall that the installation tertiary fan lateral wall corresponds is provided with snakelike heat transfer passageway, drum is installed on heat transfer passageway upper portion, and drum is down installed to heat transfer passageway lower part, heat transfer passageway vertical distribution has a plurality of convection tubes, convection tube upper end and lower extreme communicate with last drum and lower drum respectively.
As a further improvement of the utility model: and thermocouple connectors are arranged on the transition flue, the combustion kiln body and the wall of the three-stage combustion chamber.
As a further improvement of the utility model: the rotary kiln body and the combustion kiln body are composed of a steel cylinder, an aluminum silicate folding block and a high-alumina brick from outside to inside in sequence.
As a further improvement of the utility model: the kiln cover is provided with a feed opening, a flue gas outlet, a water filling opening and a steam outlet;
the rotary kiln is characterized in that the upper end of the rotary kiln body and the kiln cover are occluded and sealed through a stainless steel water sealing ring, a water jacket is installed on the lower portion of the rotary kiln body and is formed by welding two steel cylinders, a water inlet pipe and a steam pipe are arranged on the water jacket, and a slag stirring rod and a first manhole are arranged on the lower portion of the water jacket.
As a further improvement of the utility model: the rotary kiln grate comprises a kiln grate partition plate, the kiln grate partition plate is installed on a kiln grate support, a kiln grate shaft is installed in the middle of the kiln grate support, the kiln grate shaft is installed on a rotary kiln seat through being fixed on a cross beam steel frame, and a gear of an output end of a first speed reduction motor installed on the rotary kiln seat is kneaded with a toothed ring installed on the kiln grate support, so that the kiln grate partition plate is driven to rotate around the kiln grate shaft.
As a further improvement of the utility model: the rotary kiln is characterized in that the rotary disc bearing support comprises an upper support, the upper support is connected with the lower portion of the rotary kiln seat, the upper support is connected with the upper portion of the rotary disc bearing, the lower portion of the rotary disc bearing is connected with the upper portion of a lower support, the lower portion of the lower support is connected with a ground equipment foundation, and a speed reduction motor arranged on the lower support drives the rotary disc bearing to drive the rotary kiln body to rotate at a constant speed.
As a further improvement of the utility model: the ash receiving hopper comprises an upper cone and a lower straight cylinder, the upper cone is welded with the upper support and used for collecting slag blocks, and the lower straight cylinder and the upper cone are welded and then inserted into a water seal tank below the rotary kiln body to play a water seal role.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the investment cost is low, and the investment is saved by 1, 3-1 and 2 compared with other methods;
(2) the operation is completely mechanized and automated, and the wastes can be directly fed into the kiln without sorting, screening and crushing;
(3) the specially designed feeding system can realize the uniform distribution of the garbage in the kiln;
(4) the rotary grate adopted by the kiln has stronger functions of crushing and discharging slag, and the better protection technology of the grate is adopted, so that the grate is ensured to have smaller temperature deformation and smaller friction at a higher hearth temperature, and the service life is very long;
(5) the kiln comprises a drying section, a pyrolysis gasification section, a high-temperature incineration section, a burnout section and a grate protection section from top to bottom, a kiln body part with high temperature is protected by a water-cooled wall, the grate is safe and reliable to operate due to reasonable temperature distribution, garbage is completely incinerated in a high-temperature layer, and the burning loss of incineration residues is low and is far less than 5 percent or even up to 2 percent;
(6) the garbage incineration is carried out in the pyrolysis furnace kiln and the secondary combustion chamber in a segmented manner, dioxin possibly formed in the pyrolysis gasification furnace kiln and a precursor for generating the dioxin are all decomposed and oxidized into small molecular compounds at the high temperature of the secondary combustion chamber and the tertiary combustion chamber, the condition for synthesizing the dioxin does not exist, and the operation of the secondary combustion chamber and the tertiary combustion chamber is stable even under the condition that the working condition of the furnace kiln fluctuates greatly.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the vertical rotary kiln of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the vertical secondary combustion chamber of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tertiary combustion chamber and exhaust-heat boiler according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the kiln cover of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary kiln body in FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rotary grate of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the rotary kiln mount of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the slew bearing mount of FIG. 2;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the ash receiving hopper in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln includes: the vertical rotary kiln comprises a vertical rotary kiln 1, a vertical secondary combustion chamber 2 and a tertiary combustion chamber and waste heat boiler 3, wherein the vertical rotary kiln 1 is communicated with the vertical secondary combustion chamber 2 through a transition flue 4, and the vertical secondary combustion chamber 2 is communicated with the tertiary combustion chamber and waste heat boiler 3;
the vertical rotary kiln 1 comprises a rotary kiln body 10, wherein a kiln cover 11 is installed at the upper part of the rotary kiln body 10, a feed opening 111, a smoke outlet 112, a water adding opening 113 and a steam outlet 114 are formed in the kiln cover 11, an impeller feeder 12 and a transition flue 4 installed on the smoke outlet 112 are installed on the feed opening 111 of the kiln cover 11, a storage bin 13 is installed on the impeller feeder 12, a rotary kiln seat 14 is installed at the lower part of the rotary kiln body 10, a rotary kiln grate 15 is arranged in the rotary kiln seat 14, meanwhile, the rotary kiln seat 14 is installed on a turntable bearing support 16, an ash receiving hopper 17 is installed below the turntable bearing support 16, the lower part of the ash receiving hopper 17 is inserted into a slag pool, the slag pool is communicated with the outside through a belt conveying type slag remover 18, in addition, an air pipe a vertically upward end extending into the kiln is arranged below the rotary kiln grate 15, and the other end of the air pipe a is connected with a primary fan 19; the upper end of the rotary kiln body 10 and the kiln cover 11 are occluded and sealed through a stainless steel water sealing ring 115, the lower part of the rotary kiln body 10 is provided with a water jacket 101, the water jacket 101 is formed by welding two steel cylinders, the water jacket 101 is provided with a water inlet pipe 102 and a steam pipe 103, and the lower part of the water jacket 101 is provided with a slag removing rod 104 and a first manhole 105;
the vertical secondary combustion chamber 2 comprises a combustion kiln body 20, a smoke inlet 21 connected with one end of a transition flue 4 is formed in the outer wall of the upper part of the combustion kiln body 20, a smoke outlet 22 is formed in the outer wall of the lower part of the combustion kiln body 20, a secondary fan 24 is installed on a kiln top cover 23 at the top of the combustion kiln body 20, a tuyere of the secondary fan 24 is vertically and downwards installed on the kiln top cover 23 and communicated with the interior of the combustion kiln body 20, and a burner fire-spraying port 26 is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the combustion kiln body 20;
the rotary kiln body 10 and the combustion kiln body 20 are composed of a steel cylinder, an aluminum silicate folding block and a high-alumina brick from outside to inside in sequence;
the tertiary combustion chamber and waste heat boiler 3 comprises a tertiary combustion chamber 30, the lower part of the tertiary combustion chamber 30 is communicated with a combustion kiln body 20, a tertiary fan 31 is communicated on one side wall of the tertiary combustion chamber 30, a serpentine heat exchange channel 32 is arranged on the side wall corresponding to the side wall where the tertiary fan 31 is installed, an upper boiler barrel 33 is installed on the upper part of the heat exchange channel 32, a lower boiler barrel 34 is installed on the lower part of the heat exchange channel 32, a plurality of convection tubes 35 are vertically distributed on the heat exchange channel 32, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the convection tubes 35 are respectively communicated with the upper boiler barrel 33 and the lower boiler barrel 34;
in addition, thermocouple connecting ports 25 are arranged on the side walls of the transition flue 4, the combustion kiln body 20 and the tertiary combustion chamber 30.
The rotary kiln grate 15 comprises a kiln grate partition plate 151, the kiln grate partition plate 151 is installed on a kiln grate support 152, a kiln grate shaft 153 is installed in the middle of the kiln grate support 152, the kiln grate shaft 153 is installed on the rotary kiln seat 14 through being fixed on a cross beam steel frame 154, a gear at the output end of a first speed reduction motor 155 installed on the rotary kiln seat 14 is kneaded with a toothed ring installed on the kiln grate support 152, so that the kiln grate partition plate 151 is driven to rotate around the kiln grate shaft 153, and in addition, a flange 141 and a second manhole 142 for installing the first speed reduction motor 155 are arranged on the outer wall of the rotary kiln seat 14.
The turntable bearing support 16 comprises an upper support 161, the upper support 161 is connected with the lower part of the rotary kiln base 14, the upper support 161 is connected with the upper part of a turntable bearing 162, the lower part of the turntable bearing 162 is connected with the upper part of a lower support 163, the lower part of the lower support 163 is connected with a ground equipment foundation, and a second speed reducing motor 164 arranged on the lower support 163 drives the turntable bearing 162 to drive the rotary kiln body 10 to rotate at a constant speed.
The ash receiving hopper 17 comprises an upper cone 171 and a lower straight cylinder 172, the upper cone 171 is welded with an upper flange of the upper support 161 for collecting slag blocks, and the lower straight cylinder 172 is welded with the upper cone 171 and then inserted into a water seal tank below the rotary kiln body 10 to play a role of water seal.
The working principle is as follows: solid waste is poured into a storage bin 13 above an impeller feeder 12 through a travelling grab bucket, the height of the storage bin 13 is generally about 4 meters, the height of the waste in the storage bin is required to be kept above 2.5 meters, and therefore the purpose of compacting and pressing the storage bin 13 by using the weight of the waste is to keep the negative pressure in the kiln and prevent smoke from leaking. The speed reduction motor arranged on the impeller feeder 12 is controlled by a frequency converter, and the garbage can be ensured to uniformly and effectively enter the rotary kiln body 10 by adjusting the speed of the speed reduction motor. And at the same time of blanking, the second speed reducing motor 164 on the lower support 163 controls the rotating speed by the frequency converter to drive the rotary kiln body 10 to rotate at a constant speed. Therefore, the garbage can be uniformly distributed on the rotary kiln grate 15 arranged in the rotary kiln seat 14, and the garbage can be continuously pyrolyzed and gasified in the kiln. The primary air fan 19 sends air into the kiln from bottom to top through the air pipe, and the design can ensure that the rotary kiln grate can be cooled and not burnt out by high temperature while providing oxygen required by garbage pyrolysis. When the residue generated after the garbage pyrolysis is sufficiently accumulated on the rotary kiln grate 15, the first speed reduction motor 155 on the rotary kiln base 14 is started to drive the kiln grate partition plates 151 to rotate around the kiln grate shafts 153, so as to achieve the purpose of breaking the residue and discharging the residue. The residue falls through the hopper 17 onto the slag remover 18, and the slag remover 18 is started to bring the residue to the ground. Combustible gas generated by pyrolysis of the garbage in the kiln enters the secondary combustion chamber 2 through the transition flue 4. And starting the secondary fan 24 to send fresh air into the top of the secondary combustion chamber through the air pipe to be fully mixed with the combustible gas for combustion. When the heat value of the garbage is too high and the generated combustible gas cannot be completely burnt out in the secondary combustion chamber, the tertiary fan 31 on the tertiary combustion chamber 30 is started to supply air into the tertiary combustion chamber 30 through the air pipe, so that the clean incineration is ensured. The upper boiler barrel 22, the lower boiler barrel 24 and the convection pipe 35 of the waste heat boiler are used as heating surfaces to absorb heat in the flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the boiler is ensured to be within the range specified by the state.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln characterized by comprising:
the vertical rotary kiln is communicated with the vertical secondary combustion chamber through a transition flue, and the vertical secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the tertiary combustion chamber and the waste heat boiler;
the vertical rotary kiln comprises a rotary kiln body, wherein a kiln cover is arranged at the upper part of the rotary kiln body, an impeller feeder and a transition flue are arranged on the kiln cover, a storage bin is arranged on the impeller feeder, a rotary kiln seat is arranged at the lower part of the rotary kiln body, a rotary kiln grate is arranged in the rotary kiln seat, meanwhile, the rotary kiln seat is arranged on a rotary disc bearing support, an ash receiving hopper is arranged below the rotary disc bearing support, the lower part of the ash receiving hopper is inserted into a slag pool, the slag pool is communicated with the outside through a slag remover, one end of an air pipe extending into the kiln in the vertical direction is arranged below the rotary kiln grate, and the other end of the air pipe is connected with a primary fan;
the vertical secondary combustion chamber comprises a combustion kiln body, a smoke inlet connected with one end of a transition flue is formed in the outer wall of the upper part of the combustion kiln body, a smoke outlet is formed in the outer wall of the lower part of the combustion kiln body, a secondary fan is installed on a kiln top cover at the top of the combustion kiln body, an air port of the secondary fan is vertically and downwards installed on the kiln top cover and communicated with the interior of the combustion kiln body, and a burner fire spraying port is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the combustion kiln body;
tertiary combustion chamber adds exhaust-heat boiler, including tertiary combustion chamber, tertiary combustion chamber lower part and the intercommunication of burning the kiln body, the intercommunication has tertiary fan on the lateral wall of tertiary combustion chamber, and the lateral wall that the installation tertiary fan lateral wall corresponds is provided with snakelike heat transfer passageway, drum is installed on heat transfer passageway upper portion, and drum is down installed to heat transfer passageway lower part, heat transfer passageway vertical distribution has a plurality of convection tubes, convection tube upper end and lower extreme communicate with last drum and lower drum respectively.
2. The solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: and thermocouple connectors are arranged on the transition flue, the combustion kiln body and the wall of the three-stage combustion chamber.
3. The solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary kiln body and the combustion kiln body are composed of a steel cylinder, an aluminum silicate folding block and a high-alumina brick from outside to inside in sequence.
4. The solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: the kiln cover is provided with a feed opening, a flue gas outlet, a water filling opening and a steam outlet;
the rotary kiln is characterized in that the upper end of the rotary kiln body and the kiln cover are occluded and sealed through a stainless steel water sealing ring, a water jacket is installed on the lower portion of the rotary kiln body and is formed by welding two steel cylinders, a water inlet pipe and a steam pipe are arranged on the water jacket, and a slag stirring rod and a first manhole are arranged on the lower portion of the water jacket.
5. The solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary kiln grate comprises a kiln grate partition plate, the kiln grate partition plate is installed on a kiln grate support, a kiln grate shaft is installed in the middle of the kiln grate support, the kiln grate shaft is installed on a rotary kiln seat through being fixed on a cross beam steel frame, a gear of an output end of a first speed reduction motor installed on the rotary kiln seat is kneaded with a toothed ring installed on the kiln grate support, and therefore the kiln grate partition plate is driven to rotate around the kiln grate shaft, and a flange and a second manhole used for installing the first speed reduction motor are arranged on the outer wall of the rotary kiln seat.
6. The solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln according to claim 5, characterized in that: the rotary kiln is characterized in that the rotary disc bearing support comprises an upper support, the upper support is connected with the lower portion of the rotary kiln seat, the upper support is connected with the upper portion of the rotary disc bearing, the lower portion of the rotary disc bearing is connected with the upper portion of a lower support, the lower portion of the lower support is connected with a ground equipment foundation, and a second speed reduction motor arranged on the lower support drives the rotary disc bearing to drive the rotary kiln body to rotate at a constant speed.
7. The solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln according to claim 6, characterized in that: the ash receiving hopper comprises an upper cone and a lower straight cylinder, the upper cone is welded with the upper support and used for collecting slag blocks, and the lower straight cylinder and the upper cone are welded and then inserted into a water seal tank below the rotary kiln body to play a water seal role.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122248338.7U CN215062083U (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122248338.7U CN215062083U (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215062083U true CN215062083U (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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| CN202122248338.7U Active CN215062083U (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Solid waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator kiln |
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- 2021-09-16 CN CN202122248338.7U patent/CN215062083U/en active Active
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