CN214844397U

CN214844397U - Inviscid soil pressure model box

Info

Publication number: CN214844397U
Application number: CN202023006095.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高源�; 张汉平
Original assignee: South China University of Technology SCUT
Current assignee: South China University of Technology SCUT
Priority date: 2020-12-11
Filing date: 2020-12-11
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses an inviscid soil pressure model box, including model box body, scalable baffle, cotton material, push pedal and spring, the bottom of scalable baffle rotates to be set up in the model box body, the cotton material is filled in one of them side space that scalable baffle and model box body enclose to the bottom in this space is provided with the height and keeps away from the domatic that the scalable baffle direction increases gradually, the top of scalable baffle can move along the horizontal direction in order to compress the cotton material; the push plate is arranged in a space on the other side enclosed by the telescopic baffle and the model box body in a sliding manner; one end of the spring is connected with the push plate, and the other end of the spring is connected with the telescopic baffle. The utility model discloses simple structure, reasonable in design, the practicality is strong, and labour saving and time saving can easily demonstrate the state when static soil pressure, initiative soil pressure and passive soil pressure for the student.

Description

Inviscid soil pressure model box

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to inviscid soil pressure experiment field, concretely relates to inviscid soil pressure model case.

Background

Soil mechanics is an important discipline of civil engineering major, and the research work of the discipline must adopt experimental research and mechanical analysis methods on the basis of geological research. Since the nature of the soil is extremely complex, the development of the theory is difficult.

The theory of soil has been studied and studied by many researchers, but the development of the soil is still not completed. For example, in the research on the soil pressure distribution of the gravity retaining wall when the filled soil inclines [ J ] Shanxi water conservancy technology, 2008(6): 12-15 ], the research on the soil pressure of the inclined gravity retaining wall is carried out, a soil pressure distribution curve is researched, and the soil pressure distribution is changed from a convex line to a concave curve along with the increase of the inclination angle of the filled soil; zhang Jian et al adopts a stress circle diagram solution in the calculation of Rankine soil pressure of an inclined filling surface and an intensity distribution rule [ J ] of Rankine soil pressure of the inclined filling surface, coal field geology and exploration 2013,41(1):58-66 to deduce Rankine soil pressure intensity of the viscous inclined filling surface behind a wall, and simultaneously researches different size relationships between an inclination angle and an internal friction angle of the filling surface, which shows that the distribution forms of the soil pressure intensity under different conditions all present obvious nonlinearity.

As for the mold, many researchers carry out indoor model tests and field tests through self-made experimental devices to deeply research the magnitude and distribution rule of the soil pressure, Sherf et al in Ka and K0 bed rotation and non-excellent walls [ J ]. Journal of geomechnical Engineering,1984,110(1):41-56 ] carried out the model test of the rigid retaining wall which is filled with sand and is vertical to the back of the wall and rotates around the toe; fang et al, in Static earth pressure with variable wall movements [ J ]. Journal of geological Engineering, 1986, 112(3):317 333, conducted analysis and discussion on the distribution of the soil pressure of the rigid retaining wall when the filling surface is inclined by model test; xu Ri Qing et al, in the study of passive soil pressure model of rigid retaining wall [ J ], geotechnical engineering, 2002,24(5): 569-. Active soil pressure model test [ J ] of different displacement modes of retaining wall in sandy soil, underground space and engineering report, 2017 (05): 1296 plus 1320' aims at different displacement modes of the rigid retaining wall, model test research is carried out on active soil pressure acting on the wall by the soil body in the excavation process of the foundation pit, and meanwhile, the soil pressure distribution rule is simplified. A soil pressure test box is independently designed and manufactured in Yuan Chenxiang and other 'inclined slope retaining wall soil pressure test device [ J ]. scientific and technical innovation, 2018,000(012): P.91-92', and a test device is provided for researching the soil pressure and the change rule along the depth direction when the back of the retaining wall is vertical and various inclination angles of a soil filling surface are formed.

But the actual measurement of the active soil pressure of the retaining wall on site is difficult; in comparison, the boundary conditions and the influencing factors of the indoor model test are simpler and more definite. The utility model provides a mode shifts based on retaining wall, the utility model provides a can demonstrate retaining wall initiative, passive, static soil pressure change law's mold box.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem, the utility model provides an inviscid soil pressure model case, this utility model structure is simple, reasonable in design, and the practicality is strong, and labour saving and time saving can easily demonstrate the state when static soil pressure, initiative soil pressure and passive soil pressure.

For the defect that prior art exists, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is:

a pressure model case without cohesive soil comprises a model case body, a telescopic baffle, a cotton material, a push plate and a spring,

the bottom of the telescopic baffle is rotatably arranged in the model box body, the cotton material is filled in a space on one side enclosed by the telescopic baffle and the model box body, a slope surface with the height gradually increasing towards the direction far away from the telescopic baffle is arranged at the bottom in the space, and the top of the telescopic baffle can move along the horizontal direction to compress the cotton material;

the push plate is arranged in a space on the other side enclosed by the telescopic baffle and the model box body in a sliding manner;

one end of the spring is connected with the push plate, and the other end of the spring is connected with the telescopic baffle.

Further, the mold box body comprises a frame and a transparent plate arranged on the frame. The plates around the frame are fixed in the frame and are immovable, transparent and colorless, so that a viewer can see the demonstration process of the experiment clearly.

Further, the cotton material is a cotton body made of cotton.

The mold box further comprises an inserting plate, wherein the opening end communicated with the space filled with the cotton material is formed in one side of the mold box body, the opening groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the opening end, of the mold box body, and the inserting plate can be inserted into the opening groove to close the opening end. And taking the inserting plate out of the open slot, and filling the cotton material into the model box body through the open end. After filling, the inserting plate is inserted to close the opening end, so that the cotton material can not be pressed out from the opening end during demonstration.

Furthermore, the bottom both sides of scalable baffle are provided with the axis of rotation, scalable baffle passes through the axis of rotation realizes rotating the setting.

Furthermore, the telescopic baffle comprises a lower baffle and an upper baffle which can be telescopic relative to the lower baffle, the lower baffle is rotatably arranged in the model box body, and the upper baffle is provided with an operating lever extending out of the model box body. Through setting up the control rod, can conveniently realize the removal of scalable baffle through the control rod.

Furthermore, a clamping groove is formed in the side wall of the model box body in the vertical direction, a moving groove communicated with the clamping groove is formed in the horizontal direction, and when the telescopic baffle is vertically arranged, the operating rod is clamped in the clamping groove; the operating rod can move in the moving groove to realize that the top of the telescopic baffle plate moves in the horizontal direction. Through setting up the draw-in groove in the vertical direction, when will simulate static soil pressure, make the control rod card establish and fix in the draw-in groove to can fix movable baffle. Through setting up the communicating shifting chute with the draw-in groove, when will simulate passive soil pressure, can shift out the control rod from the draw-in groove and put into the shifting chute, move the control rod in the shifting chute, drive scalable baffle and remove toward cotton material direction to compress cotton material.

Further, the number of the springs is three, and the springs are defined as a first spring, a second spring and a third spring, wherein the first spring, the second spring and the third spring are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the elastic coefficient is gradually increased.

Further, the bottom of the push plate is provided with a pulley.

Furthermore, a wedge body is arranged in a space used for filling the cotton material in the model box body, the thickness of the wedge body is gradually increased towards the direction far away from the telescopic baffle plate, and the surface of the wedge body is the slope surface.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model discloses a beneficial effect that can realize is as follows at least:

the utility model discloses simple structure, reasonable in design, the practicality is strong, and labour saving and time saving can easily demonstrate the state when static soil pressure, initiative soil pressure and passive soil pressure for the student.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an inviscid soil pressure model box according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic structural diagram of a certain state, which shows a state of a baffle plate when the soil pressure is static.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another state provided by the embodiment of the present invention, which shows the states of the retractable baffles under passive soil pressure and active soil pressure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a push plate in an inviscid soil pressure model box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a retractable baffle plate in an inviscid soil pressure model box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The directions indicated by upper, lower, left, right, etc. in the present embodiment are relative to the drawings, and do not limit the scope of protection.

Referring to fig. 1, the pressure mold box without cohesive soil comprises a mold box body 11, a retractable baffle 4, a cotton material 1, a push plate 7, at least two springs 5 and a wedge 2. The model box body 11 comprises a frame and a transparent plate 10 arranged on the frame, wherein the frame in the embodiment is an aluminum alloy rectangular frame, the transparent plate is a glass plate, the periphery and the left side of the frame are embedded into the glass plate, and the right side of the frame is an opening end. The retractable barrier 4 is made of a metal material. The push plate 7 is made of plastic, and the four corners of the push plate 7 are provided with pulleys 8. The cotton material is a compressible cotton body made of cotton. The bottom surface of the wedge body 2 is a horizontal plane, the side surface has a certain angle slope, and the surface is a slope.

An open slot 13 is formed in the top of the right side of the frame, an inserting plate 12 can be inserted into the open slot 13, and the inserting plate 12 in the embodiment is a glass plate. When the plug board 12 is used, the plug board 12 is pulled out from the open slot 13, and then the cotton material 1 can be filled into the model box body from the open end of the model box body 11, and the cotton material is filled as much as possible, but the cotton material cannot be too dense, so that the cotton material cannot be compressed or the compression deformation of the cotton material cannot be too small. After being filled with the cotton material 1, the insert plate 12 is inserted into the frame from the open groove 13 to close the open end.

The side wall of the model box body 11 is provided with a clamping groove along the vertical direction, and a moving groove 3 communicated with the clamping groove is arranged in the horizontal direction. Scalable baffle 4 includes baffle down and can carry out the last baffle that stretches out and draws back for baffle down, and the bottom of baffle down is passed through axis of rotation 9 and is rotated and connect in model box body 11, and the top of overhead gage can be followed the horizontal direction and removed, is provided with on the overhead gage to stretch out the control rod 6 outside model box body 11 through draw-in groove or shifting chute 3. When 4 vertical settings of scalable baffle, 6 cards of control rod are established and are made scalable baffle 4 can not take place the rotation in the draw-in groove, when needs demonstrate the passive soil pressure of inviscid soil, inviscid soil initiative soil pressure, move control rod 6 from the draw-in groove to the shifting chute 3 in, drive the last baffle in the scalable baffle 4 through control rod 7 and tensile for lower baffle, can follow horizontal direction and remove control rod 6 in shifting chute 4.

The cotton material 1 is filled in the right space enclosed by the retractable baffle 4 and the model box body 11, the bottom surface of the wedge body 2 is fixedly arranged in the right space, and the slope surface is gradually increased towards the right side direction.

The push plate 7 is arranged in a left space enclosed by the retractable baffle 4 and the model box body 11 in a sliding way through a pulley 8 at the bottom.

One end of each spring 5 is connected with the push plate 7, the other end of each spring is connected with the telescopic baffle 4, and the springs 5 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and the elastic coefficient is increased in sequence. The number of the springs can be adjusted according to needs, and the elastic coefficient of the springs is increased from top to bottom in order to simulate the stress distribution of the static soil pressure and is linearly increased in a triangular shape from top to bottom. In this embodiment, there are three springs 5, which are defined as a first spring, a second spring, and a third spring, and the first spring, the second spring, and the third spring are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the elastic coefficients are gradually increased.

During the demonstration, arrange the control rod 6 of scalable baffle 4 in the draw-in groove, 6 card settings of control rod are fixed in the draw-in groove this moment to can prevent scalable baffle 4 and revolve rotating shaft 9 and rotate, at this moment, scalable baffle 4 is fixed in the plummet position. The push plate 7 is located at the leftmost side, the compression amount of the spring is zero at the moment, the push plate 7 is pushed by external force to slide rightwards for a certain distance so that the spring 5 generates elastic force due to compression, and then the force is not applied any more, the pulley 8 is fixed, and the push plate 7 is made to be static. At this time, the springs 5 simulate inviscid soil, the elastic force of the springs 5 simulates static soil pressure, the elastic coefficients of the three springs are linearly increased from top to bottom, the force acting on the telescopic baffle plate 4 is linearly increased from top to bottom, the elastic coefficient of the uppermost spring is smaller, and the acting force of the springs under the condition of the same compression amount is negligible (the negligible acting force is used for simulating triangular linear stress distribution, the stress at the topmost end is zero, and the stress is linearly increased downwards in a triangular shape) compared with the lower two springs. In this state, a static soil pressure is simulated.

Under the condition of the above state, the operating rod 6 on the upper portion of the retractable barrier 4 moves upwards along the direction from the card slot to the moving slot 3 and finally enters the moving slot 3, then the operating rod 6 is pushed rightwards along the track of the moving slot 3, the retractable barrier 4 moves rightwards around the rotating shaft 9 along with the operating rod 6, meanwhile, the retractable barrier 4 extends, and due to the retractable function of the retractable barrier 4, when the retractable barrier 4 rotates around the rotating shaft 9, the operating rod 6 on the upper portion of the retractable barrier 4 can move horizontally and is not clamped in the card slot 3 and can not move forwards and backwards. This state is shown in fig. 2. In this state, cotton material 1 on the right side of model case body 11 is compressed by scalable baffle 4, and cotton material 1 simulation inviscid soil, and the shear plane of inviscid soil is simulated on the surface of wedge 2 this moment, and under the promotion of scalable baffle 4, cotton material 1 has the trend of upwards moving along wedge 2 surface, and what was simulated this moment is inviscid soil passive soil pressure.

On the left side of the model box body 11, although the retractable baffle 4 moves forward, the spring 5 is still in a compressed state, the thrust of the spring 5 is linearly increased from top to bottom, the spring simulates inviscid soil, the thrust of the spring simulates soil pressure, and the driving soil pressure of the inviscid soil is simulated in the state.

After the demonstration is finished, the pulley 8 on the plastic push plate 7 is loosened, so that the push plate 7 is restored to the initial position, namely the leftmost side of the model box body. The retractable barrier 4 is restored to the plumb position and the operating lever 6 at the upper portion of the retractable barrier 4 is slid into the catch groove to fix the retractable barrier 4. The insert plate 12 is removed from the open slot 13, the cotton material 1 is removed from the mold box body 11 through the open end, and the insert plate 12 is inserted back into the mold box body through the open slot 13 of the aluminum alloy frame. This device simple structure is understandable, static soil pressure, initiative soil pressure, passive soil pressure when can demonstrating retaining wall displacement, especially at the teaching in-process, can demonstrate three kinds of position change states of soil pressure for the student to play the effect of doing things with half a effort doubly.

Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a cohesionless soil pressure model case which characterized in that: comprises a model box body (11), a telescopic baffle plate (4), a cotton material (1), a push plate (7) and at least two springs (5),

the bottom of the telescopic baffle (4) is rotatably arranged in the model box body (11), the cotton material (1) is filled in a space on one side enclosed by the telescopic baffle (4) and the model box body (11), a slope surface with the height gradually increased towards the direction far away from the telescopic baffle (4) is arranged at the bottom in the space, and the top of the telescopic baffle (4) can move along the horizontal direction to compress the cotton material (1);

the push plate (7) is arranged in a space on the other side enclosed by the telescopic baffle (4) and the model box body (11) in a sliding manner;

every the one end of spring (5) with push pedal (7) are connected, the other end with scalable baffle (4) are connected, and at least two spring (5) are from last down setting gradually, and the elastic coefficient increases in proper order.

2. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: the model box body (11) comprises a frame and a transparent plate (10) arranged on the frame.

3. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: the cotton material (1) is a cotton body made of cotton.

4. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: also comprises an inserting plate (12),

the mold box body (11) is positioned on one side of the cotton material (1) and is provided with an open end communicated with a space filled with the cotton material (1), an open slot (13) is formed in the position, corresponding to the open end, of the mold box body (11), and the inserting plate (12) can be inserted from the open slot (13) to close the open end.

5. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: the bottom both sides of scalable baffle (4) are provided with axis of rotation (9), scalable baffle (4) pass through axis of rotation (9) are realized rotating the setting.

6. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: the telescopic baffle (4) comprises a lower baffle and an upper baffle which can stretch relative to the lower baffle, the lower baffle is rotatably arranged in the model box body (11), and the upper baffle is provided with an operating lever (6) which extends out of the model box body (11).

7. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 6, wherein: a clamping groove is formed in the side wall of the model box body (11) along the vertical direction, a moving groove (3) communicated with the clamping groove is formed in the horizontal direction, and when the telescopic baffle (4) is vertically arranged, the operating rod (6) is clamped in the clamping groove; the operating rod (6) can move in the moving groove (3) to realize that the top of the telescopic baffle plate (4) moves along the horizontal direction.

8. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: the three springs (5) are defined as a first spring, a second spring and a third spring, the first spring, the second spring and the third spring are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the elastic coefficients are gradually increased.

9. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of claim 1, wherein: and a pulley (8) is arranged at the bottom of the push plate (7).

10. The cohesive-free soil pressure model box of any one of claims 1-9, wherein: the cotton-padded mold box is characterized in that a wedge body (2) is arranged in a space of the cotton material (1) and filled in the mold box body (11), the thickness of the wedge body (2) is gradually increased towards the direction away from the telescopic baffle (4), and the surface of the wedge body (2) is a slope surface.