CN220136871U - An array type air pressure driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system - Google Patents
An array type air pressure driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本实用新型属于基坑工程技术领域,尤其涉及一种阵列式气压驱动挡墙变位模拟试验系统。The utility model belongs to the technical field of foundation pit engineering, and in particular relates to an array type air pressure driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system.
背景技术Background technique
基坑开挖导致围护结构产生位移会破坏邻近土体内部压力平衡,从而使得邻近建筑结构发生水平位移或是一定量的沉降。目前,对基坑挡墙发生位移诱发的邻近结构位移的分析缺少严格的数值分析或是理论计算,而严格的数值分析所需时间较长,理论计算中的参数选择更需要试验予以佐证,对基坑挡墙发生位移诱发的邻近结构位移的估算存在一定误差,往往会带来设计上的浪费或者安全隐患;现场监测往往需要更多的人力物力,且工程中的信息反馈也具有一定的时效性,对于正在施工的项目并不能够起到较好的效果。The displacement of the enclosure structure caused by the excavation of the foundation pit will destroy the internal pressure balance of the adjacent soil, causing the adjacent building structure to undergo horizontal displacement or a certain amount of settlement. At present, the analysis of the displacement of adjacent structures induced by the displacement of the retaining wall of the foundation pit lacks strict numerical analysis or theoretical calculation. However, strict numerical analysis takes a long time, and the parameter selection in the theoretical calculation needs to be supported by experiments. There is a certain error in the estimation of the displacement of adjacent structures caused by the displacement of the retaining wall of the foundation pit, which often leads to waste in design or safety hazards; on-site monitoring often requires more manpower and material resources, and information feedback in the project also has a certain timeliness Sexuality, it does not have a good effect on projects under construction.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于:为了解决现有基坑挡墙发生位移诱发的邻近结构位移分析不能满足需求的问题,而提出的一种阵列式气压驱动挡墙变位模拟试验系统。The purpose of this utility model is to propose an array type air pressure driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system in order to solve the problem that the displacement analysis of adjacent structures induced by the displacement of the existing foundation pit retaining wall cannot meet the needs.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型采用了如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种阵列式气压驱动挡墙变位模拟试验系统,包括填土箱,填土箱内设有一个竖直的后挡板,使填土箱内在后挡板的后侧形成基坑室,基坑室内装填土体;前后挡板之间固定有矩形阵列分布的多个第一弹簧,每个第一弹簧前端均固定有一个带U型槽的刚性块,多个带U型槽的刚性块密铺形成与后挡板等大的前挡板;后挡板、第一弹簧和前挡板共同组成了挡墙刚度模拟箱;每个带U型槽的刚性块左侧均设有一个水平牵动装置;通过水平牵动装置顶推挡墙刚度模拟箱发生位移,挤压基坑室内土体产生形变。An array-type pneumatic-driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system includes a filling box. A vertical back baffle is provided in the filling box, so that a foundation pit chamber is formed in the filling box behind the back baffle. The pit chamber is filled with soil; a plurality of first springs distributed in a rectangular array are fixed between the front and rear baffles. A rigid block with a U-shaped groove is fixed at the front end of each first spring, and multiple rigid blocks with a U-shaped groove are fixed. The dense paving forms a front baffle as large as the rear baffle; the rear baffle, the first spring and the front baffle together form a retaining wall stiffness simulation box; there is a horizontal level on the left side of each rigid block with a U-shaped groove. Pulling device; the horizontal pulling device pushes the retaining wall stiffness simulation box to cause displacement, and squeezes the soil in the foundation pit chamber to produce deformation.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的填土箱的材质为有机玻璃。The material of the filling box is organic glass.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的带U型槽的刚性块的材质为有机玻璃;相邻的刚性块接触的侧面上,其中一个侧面上开有凹槽,另一个侧面上固定有凸块,凸块置于对应的凹槽内且能沿前后方向相对移动。The material of the rigid block with a U-shaped groove is plexiglass; on the sides where adjacent rigid blocks are in contact, a groove is opened on one side, and a bump is fixed on the other side, and the bump is placed on the corresponding side. in the groove and can move relatively in the front-to-back direction.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的水平牵动装置,包括有一个开口朝左的加载箱,加载箱内从右至左依次设有气囊、第一隔板、第二弹簧、第二隔板,第一隔板和第二隔板均处于竖直位置且均能左右移动;第二隔板左侧固定有一个推杆,推杆左端依次铰接有第一铰接连杆、第二铰接连杆、第三铰接连杆、气动压杆;加载箱左端面上方固定有一个三角支架,第二铰接连杆的中间靠上的位置铰接在三角支架左端;加载箱上端面右侧固定有一个竖截面为倒U形的定位卡槽,气动压杆置于卡槽内且保持水平,气动压杆右端向下延伸,气动压杆右端固定有一个竖向的加载板。The horizontal pulling device includes a loading box with an opening facing left. The loading box is provided with an air bag, a first partition, a second spring, a second partition, the first partition and a second partition from right to left. The partitions are all in a vertical position and can move left and right; a push rod is fixed on the left side of the second partition, and the left end of the push rod is hinged with a first hinged link, a second hinged link, a third hinged link, and a pneumatic link. Pressure bar; a triangular bracket is fixed above the left end surface of the loading box, and the upper middle position of the second hinged link is hinged to the left end of the triangular bracket; a positioning slot with an inverted U-shaped vertical section is fixed on the right side of the upper end surface of the loading box , the pneumatic pressure rod is placed in the slot and kept horizontally, the right end of the pneumatic pressure rod extends downward, and a vertical loading plate is fixed on the right end of the pneumatic pressure rod.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的气动压杆上设置有刻度。The pneumatic pressure rod is provided with a scale.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的加载板表面设置有微型应力传感器。A miniature stress sensor is provided on the surface of the loading plate.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的加载箱右端面开有一个通孔,通孔内有一个导气管,导气管一端连接在气囊上,导气管另一端连接有气泵,导气管上设有气压表。There is a through hole on the right end of the loading box, and there is an air guide tube in the through hole. One end of the air guide tube is connected to the air bag, the other end of the air guide tube is connected to an air pump, and the air guide tube is equipped with a pressure gauge.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的基坑室内装填土体的表面设置有位移传感器。A displacement sensor is provided on the surface of the soil filled in the foundation pit chamber.
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述:As a further description of the above technical solution:
所述的带U型槽的刚性块左侧设有矩形阵列分布的多个壳体,壳体左右两端均开口,每个水平牵动装置设置于对应的壳体内。The left side of the rigid block with a U-shaped groove is provided with a plurality of housings distributed in a rectangular array. The left and right ends of the housing are open, and each horizontal pulling device is arranged in the corresponding housing.
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本实用新型的有益效果是:To sum up, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
(1)本实用新型中通过水平牵动装置取代了传统的千斤顶加载装置,利用气压同时控制各个水平牵动装置上的顶推压力相较于利用多组千斤顶控制,控制更为方便,能够非常准确地模拟基坑内部挡墙上的应力变化,进而诱发挡墙发生位移变化。(1) In this utility model, the traditional jack loading device is replaced by a horizontal pulling device. Using air pressure to simultaneously control the pushing pressure on each horizontal pulling device is more convenient than using multiple groups of jacks to control and can be very accurate. Simulate the stress changes on the retaining wall inside the foundation pit, thereby inducing displacement changes in the retaining wall.
(2)本实用新型中将水平牵动装置设置成杠杆,杠杆的驱动端(即气囊)行程增大,输出端(即气动压杆、加载板)力量增大,使水平牵动装置对带U型槽的刚性块的推力上限增加,以满足加载力的需求,更符合实际工况。(2) In this utility model, the horizontal pulling device is set as a lever. The stroke of the driving end of the lever (i.e., the air bag) increases, and the force of the output end (i.e., the pneumatic pressure rod, loading plate) increases, so that the horizontal pulling device has a U-shaped The upper limit of the thrust of the slot's rigid block is increased to meet the loading force requirements and is more in line with actual working conditions.
(3)本实用新型通过调整带U型槽的刚性块的分区尺寸,可以精确模拟挡墙各个部分的位移变化,刚性块的面积越小,所能够模拟的挡墙位移变化便越精确。(3) By adjusting the partition size of the rigid block with a U-shaped groove, the utility model can accurately simulate the displacement changes of each part of the retaining wall. The smaller the area of the rigid block, the more accurate the displacement changes of the retaining wall that can be simulated.
(4)本实用新型通过使用挡墙刚度模拟箱,可以模拟不同挡墙模拟材料的刚度变化,挡墙刚度变化可通过更换挡墙刚度模拟箱中的第一弹簧来进行调整。(4) By using the retaining wall stiffness simulation box, this utility model can simulate the stiffness changes of different retaining wall simulation materials. The retaining wall stiffness changes can be adjusted by replacing the first spring in the retaining wall stiffness simulation box.
(5)本实用新型不仅可以模拟挡墙位移变化诱发墙后土体内力变化情况,同时还可以在基坑室中添加邻近建筑结构如隧道模型、地面建筑等结构,进而模拟基坑开挖诱发邻近结构产生的位移,从而研究基坑开挖对于邻近结构造成的影响。(5) This utility model can not only simulate changes in the internal force of the soil behind the wall induced by changes in retaining wall displacement, but can also add adjacent building structures such as tunnel models, ground buildings and other structures to the foundation pit chamber to simulate the changes induced by foundation pit excavation. The displacement caused by adjacent structures is used to study the impact of foundation pit excavation on adjacent structures.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的立体结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;
图2为本实用新型的填土箱1内部立体结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the earth filling box 1 of the present utility model;
图3为挡墙刚度模拟箱的立体结构图;Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the retaining wall stiffness simulation box;
图4为带U型槽的刚性块6的立体结构图;Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural view of the rigid block 6 with a U-shaped groove;
图5为水平牵动装置的立体结构图;Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural view of the horizontal pulling device;
图6为水平牵动装置的内部立体结构图。Figure 6 is an internal three-dimensional structural view of the horizontal pulling device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图,对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present utility model, not all implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
请参阅图1-6,本实用新型提供一种阵列式气压驱动挡墙变位模拟试验系统的技术方案:Please refer to Figures 1-6. This utility model provides a technical solution for an array type air pressure driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system:
一种阵列式气压驱动挡墙变位模拟试验系统,包括填土箱1,填土箱1内设有一个竖直的后挡板2,使填土箱1内在后挡板2的后侧形成基坑室3,基坑室3内装填土体;后挡板2前端面固定有矩形阵列分布的多个第一弹簧4,每个第一弹簧4前端均固定有一个带U型槽的刚性块6,多个带U型槽的刚性块6密铺形成与后挡板2等大的前挡板5;右挡板2、第一弹簧4和前挡板5共同组成了挡墙刚度模拟箱;每个带U型槽的刚性块6左侧均设有一个水平牵动装置;通过水平牵动装置顶推挡墙刚度模拟箱发生位移,挤压基坑室3内土体产生形变。An array type air pressure driven retaining wall displacement simulation test system, including a filling box 1, a vertical back baffle 2 is provided in the filling box 1, so that the filling box 1 forms a vertical back baffle 2 on the rear side of the back baffle 2 The foundation pit chamber 3 is filled with soil; a plurality of first springs 4 distributed in a rectangular array are fixed on the front end of the rear baffle 2, and a rigid spring with a U-shaped groove is fixed on the front end of each first spring 4. Block 6, multiple rigid blocks 6 with U-shaped grooves are densely paved to form a front baffle 5 that is as large as the rear baffle 2; the right baffle 2, the first spring 4 and the front baffle 5 together form a retaining wall stiffness simulation box; each rigid block 6 with a U-shaped groove is provided with a horizontal pulling device on the left side; the horizontal pulling device pushes the retaining wall stiffness simulation box to cause displacement, and squeezes the soil in the foundation pit chamber 3 to produce deformation.
所述的填土箱1的材质为有机玻璃。The material of the soil filling box 1 is organic glass.
所述的带U型槽的刚性块6的材质为有机玻璃;相邻的带U型槽的刚性块6接触的侧面上,其中一个侧面上开有凹槽7,另一个侧面上固定有凸块8,凸块8置于对应的凹槽7内且能沿前后方向移动。The material of the rigid block 6 with a U-shaped groove is plexiglass; on the contact sides of the adjacent rigid blocks 6 with a U-shaped groove, a groove 7 is opened on one side, and a convex groove is fixed on the other side. Block 8, the protruding block 8 is placed in the corresponding groove 7 and can move in the front and rear direction.
所述的水平牵动装置,包括有一个开口朝左的加载箱9,加载箱9内从右至左依次设有气囊10、第一隔板11、第二弹簧12、第二隔板13,第一隔板11和第二隔板13均处于竖直位置且均能左右移动;第二隔板13左侧固定有一个推杆14,传力杆14左端依次铰接有第一铰接连杆15、第二铰接连杆16、第三铰接连杆17、气动压杆18;加载箱9左端面上方固定有一个三角支架19,第二铰接杆16的中间靠上的位置铰接在三角支架19左端;加载箱9上端面右侧固定有一个竖截面为倒U形的定位卡槽20,气动压杆18置于卡槽内且保持水平,气动压杆18右端向下延伸,气动压杆18右端固定有一个竖向的加载板21。The horizontal pulling device includes a loading box 9 with an opening facing left. The loading box 9 is provided with an air bag 10, a first partition 11, a second spring 12, and a second partition 13 from right to left. The first partition 11 and the second partition 13 are both in a vertical position and can move left and right; a push rod 14 is fixed on the left side of the second partition 13, and the left end of the transmission rod 14 is hinged with a first hinge link 15, The second hinged link 16, the third hinged link 17, and the pneumatic pressure rod 18; a triangular bracket 19 is fixed above the left end surface of the loading box 9, and the upper middle position of the second hinged rod 16 is hinged to the left end of the triangular bracket 19; There is a positioning slot 20 with an inverted U-shaped vertical section fixed on the right side of the upper end of the loading box 9. The pneumatic pressure rod 18 is placed in the slot and kept horizontal. The right end of the pneumatic pressure rod 18 extends downward, and the right end of the pneumatic pressure rod 18 is fixed. There is a vertical loading plate 21.
所述的气动压杆18上设置有刻度。The pneumatic pressure rod 18 is provided with a scale.
所述的加载板21表面设有微型应力传感器。The surface of the loading plate 21 is provided with micro stress sensors.
所述的加载箱9右端面开有一个通孔22,通孔22内有一个导气管23,导气管23一端连接在气囊10上,导气管23另一端连接有气泵,导气管23上设有气压表24。There is a through hole 22 on the right end of the loading box 9, and there is an air guide tube 23 in the through hole 22. One end of the air guide tube 23 is connected to the air bag 10, and the other end of the air guide tube 23 is connected to an air pump. The air guide tube 23 is provided with an air pump. Barometer 24.
所述的基坑室3内装填土体的表面设有位移传感器。A displacement sensor is provided on the surface of the soil filled in the foundation pit chamber 3.
所述的带U型槽的刚性块6左侧设有矩形阵列分布的多个壳体25,壳体25左右两端均开口,每个水平牵动装置设置于对应的壳体25内。The left side of the rigid block 6 with a U-shaped groove is provided with a plurality of housings 25 distributed in a rectangular array. The left and right ends of the housing 25 are open, and each horizontal pulling device is arranged in the corresponding housing 25.
工作原理:working principle:
在使用前,先通过钢架将填土箱1固定,再根据所需基坑室3的尺寸,将挡墙刚度模拟箱和水平牵动装置依次放入填土箱1中,然后在基坑室3内分层填土并夯实,并在填土表面布设位移传感器;通过导气管23将水平牵动装置与气泵连接。Before use, first fix the filling box 1 through the steel frame, and then put the retaining wall stiffness simulation box and the horizontal pulling device into the filling box 1 in sequence according to the required size of the foundation pit chamber 3, and then place it in the foundation pit chamber. 3. Fill the soil in layers and compact it, and arrange a displacement sensor on the surface of the filling soil; connect the horizontal pulling device and the air pump through the air conduit 23.
在使用时,启动气泵,经导气管23向气囊10内充气,气囊10膨胀推动第一隔板11向左移动,经第二弹簧12带动第二隔板13向左移动,再经第一铰接连杆15带动第二铰接连杆16的下端向左转动,第二铰接连杆16的上端向右转动,经第三铰接连杆17带动气动压杆18、加载板21水平向右移动,加载板21向右顶推挡带U型槽的刚性块6,随后根据具体实验情况调整气泵输出气压,从而调整加载板21的水平位移,使加载板21与挡墙刚度模拟箱之间应力发生变化,用以模拟在实际工程中挡墙位移变化情况,进而诱发基坑室3内土体产生形变,具体为:加载板21对带U型槽的刚性块6形成挤压,压缩第一弹簧4,经多个第一弹簧4挤压后挡板2,经后挡板2挤压基坑室3内土体产生形变。When in use, start the air pump and inflate the air bag 10 through the air tube 23. The air bag 10 expands and pushes the first partition 11 to move to the left. The second spring 12 drives the second partition 13 to move to the left, and then through the first hinge The connecting rod 15 drives the lower end of the second hinged link 16 to rotate to the left, the upper end of the second hinged link 16 to rotate to the right, and the third hinged link 17 drives the pneumatic pressure rod 18 and the loading plate 21 to move horizontally to the right. , the loading plate 21 pushes the rigid block 6 with a U-shaped groove to the right, and then adjusts the air pump output pressure according to the specific experimental conditions, thereby adjusting the horizontal displacement of the loading plate 21, so that the stress between the loading plate 21 and the retaining wall stiffness simulation box changes to simulate the displacement changes of the retaining wall in actual projects, thereby inducing deformation of the soil in the foundation pit chamber 3, specifically: the loading plate 21 squeezes the rigid block 6 with the U-shaped groove, and the compression first The spring 4 presses the back baffle 2 through a plurality of first springs 4, and presses the soil in the foundation pit chamber 3 through the back baffle 2 to cause deformation.
在试验过程中,通过定位卡槽20上设置的刻度,收集到加载板21加载过程中发生的位移数据,即各个带U型槽的刚性块6的位移数据;同时通过基坑室3内土体表面所布设的位移传感器收集到土体表面位移数据,从而进行对比。During the test, the displacement data that occurred during the loading process of the loading plate 21 was collected through the scale set on the positioning slot 20, that is, the displacement data of each rigid block 6 with a U-shaped groove; at the same time, through the soil in the foundation pit chamber 3 Displacement sensors arranged on the surface of the soil collect soil surface displacement data for comparison.
通过实际工程中所采集的位移数据,对气泵输出气压进行调整,从而调整每个水平加载装置的应力及位移量,最终达到试验所需挡墙位移变化情况,通过以上操作即可模拟挡墙位移变化诱发挡墙后土体的位移及内力变化情况;通过观察土体室内的土体变形情况即可预估实际土体的变形沉降情况。Through the displacement data collected in the actual project, the output air pressure of the air pump is adjusted to adjust the stress and displacement of each horizontal loading device, and finally achieve the change of retaining wall displacement required for the test. Through the above operations, the retaining wall displacement can be simulated Changes induce the displacement and internal force changes of the soil behind the retaining wall; by observing the deformation of the soil in the soil chamber, the actual deformation and settlement of the soil can be estimated.
值得注意的是,考虑到试验中诱发土体发生形变所需力量较大,为满足需求,本实用新型中将水平加载装置设置形成杠杆,杠杆的驱动端(即气囊10)行程增大,输出端(即气动压杆18、加载板21)力量增大,使水平牵动装置对带U型槽的刚性块6的推力上限增加,以满足加载力的需求。It is worth noting that considering that the force required to induce deformation of the soil in the test is relatively large, in order to meet the demand, in this utility model, a horizontal loading device is set to form a lever, and the stroke of the driving end of the lever (i.e., the air bag 10) is increased, and the output The strength of the ends (i.e., the pneumatic pressure rod 18 and the loading plate 21) increases, so that the upper limit of the thrust force of the horizontal pulling device on the rigid block 6 with the U-shaped groove increases to meet the loading force requirements.
以上所述,仅为本实用新型较佳的具体实施方式,但本实用新型的保护范围并不限于此,熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内,根据本实用新型的技术方案及其实用新型构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Persons familiar with the technical field shall, within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model, implement the present utility model according to Any equivalent substitution or change of the technical solution and the concept of the utility model shall be covered by the protection scope of the present utility model.
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Inventor after: Li Mingyu Inventor after: Wei Wei Inventor after: Cui Yi Inventor after: Shi Yulong Inventor after: Cai Yunpeng Inventor after: Liu Tao Inventor after: Jin Junwei Inventor after: Wang Wenbin Inventor after: Hao Yunlong Inventor before: Cui Yi Inventor before: Cai Yunpeng Inventor before: Liu Tao Inventor before: Shi Yulong Inventor before: Li Mingyu Inventor before: Jin Junwei Inventor before: Wei Wei Inventor before: Hao Yunlong Inventor before: Wang Wenbin |
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