CN214799066U

CN214799066U - High-speed switched reluctance motor

Info

Publication number: CN214799066U
Application number: CN202120748709.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵成; 方立
Original assignee: Hangzhou Siwan Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Siwan Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-13
Filing date: 2021-04-13
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-13

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-speed switch reluctance motor, which comprises a stator, a winding wound on the stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft fixedly connected with the rotor; the stator comprises a stator yoke and stator teeth fixedly arranged on the stator yoke, the stator is of a C-shaped structure, and the protruding part of the C-shaped structure is the stator teeth. Compare multiple tooth stator in prior art, the utility model discloses utilize this kind of C shape stator structure, be single-phase or double-phase with the phase number design of motor, so, the rotatory round of rotor, the current waveform of injecting into the winding only changes once or twice, and the switching frequency requirement to the computational frequency of electric current and switching device is lower, can be applicable to the high-speed field better. Further, the problem that the switched reluctance motor below three phases does not have self-starting capability is also solved by designing the rotor including the self-starting structure.

Description

High-speed switched reluctance motor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of electric machines, specifically relate to a switched reluctance motor.

Background

The switch reluctance motor is different from the traditional alternating current and direct current motor, the main working principle of the switch reluctance motor utilizes the minimum reluctance principle, and the electromagnetic torque is generated by depending on the reluctance and inductance change of different rotor positions. The motor has the characteristic of a double salient pole structure, the motor can be made into a reluctance motor with two phases, three phases, four phases and higher phases according to the difference of the salient pole numbers of a stator and a rotor, for example, the motor with a three-phase 6/4 structure is usually designed into 6 stator teeth wound with coils, two coils which are opposite in the radial direction are connected together to respectively form A, B, C three phases, the rotation angle of the rotor before starting is 0 degree, and the coils of each phase are switched on and off by a switch. When one phase coil is powered on, magnetic flux is generated, magnetic lines of force pass through the rotor iron core from the nearest rotor tooth pole, and the rotor is pulled to rotate by the attraction force between the two tooth poles of the stator tooth and the rotor tooth. The coils of each phase are electrified in turn, which seems to be simple, the actual situation is complex, the self-induction current generated after the coils cut off the power supply does not disappear immediately, and the power supply is cut off in advance to carry out follow current; in order to increase the moment, the time of current of adjacent phase coils is partially overlapped; the switching time is also adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed and the torque of the motor, and the turn-on and turn-off time of each phase coil is directly related to the relative position between the rotor and the stator.

Therefore, the switching frequency and the core loss of the switched reluctance motor are in direct proportion to the number of the rotor teeth, namely, the core loss and the switching frequency of the switched reluctance motor are increased along with the increase of the number of the rotor teeth. When the motor runs at a high speed or a super high speed, the iron loss of the switched reluctance motor is increased, so that the efficiency is reduced, and the temperature rise is increased; in addition, because the on-off of the coil needs to be determined according to the position to which the rotor turns and the control parameters, the on-off of the coil needs to be controlled by a controller, the controller consists of a microprocessor (single chip microcomputer) and an interface circuit, and for a microprocessor with given configuration, the calculation difficulty of microprocessing is increased undoubtedly due to the increase of the switching frequency, so that the capturing precision of the position angle is reduced, the control failure is further caused, and the motor is easy to break down.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Based on prior art not enough, the utility model discloses a high-speed switch reluctance machine can be applicable to high-speed or hypervelocity operation field better.

The utility model provides an one of the technical scheme does:

a high-speed switched reluctance motor comprises a stator, a winding wound on the stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft fixedly connected with the rotor;

the stator comprises a stator yoke and stator teeth fixedly arranged on the stator yoke, the stator is of a C-shaped structure, and the protruding part of the C-shaped structure is the stator teeth.

In other optimized technical solutions, the rotor includes a magnetic conductive region, a non-magnetic conductive region, and a self-starting structure.

In other optimized technical solutions, the switched reluctance motor further includes an air gap;

when the stator teeth are opposite to the magnetic conduction regions, a gap formed between the surface of each stator tooth and the surface of the corresponding magnetic conduction region is the air gap; before the switched reluctance motor is started, the magnetic conduction area is arranged on one side close to the air gap.

In other optimized technical solutions, the self-starting structure is disposed in the magnetic conducting region, and the self-starting structure is not magnetic conducting.

In other optimized technical solutions, the self-starting structure is disposed on a side close to the air gap.

In other optimized technical solutions, the self-starting structure is disposed in the non-magnetic conductive region, and the self-starting structure is magnetic conductive.

In other optimized technical solutions, the self-starting structure is disposed on a side close to the air gap, and a width of the self-starting structure is smaller than a width of the magnetic conductive region.

In other preferred embodiments, the stator comprises at least one stator tooth, and the winding is arranged on the stator yoke and/or the stator tooth.

In other preferred embodiments, the rotor has any one of a C-shaped or cylindrical structure.

In other optimized technical schemes, an included angle formed between two ends of the stator and a connecting line of the axes of the rotating shafts is not less than 90 degrees.

The utility model has the advantages that:

compare multiple tooth stator in prior art, the utility model discloses a high-speed switch reluctance machine's stator design is C shape structure, and the phase number of motor can be designed into single-phase or double-phase, so, the rotatory round of rotor, and the current waveform of injecting into the winding only changes once or twice, and the switching frequency requirement to the computational frequency of electric current and switching device is lower, can be applicable to the high-speed field better.

Further, the utility model discloses also optimize rotor ground structure, include the magnetic conduction region through the design, do not lead the magnetic region and the rotor of self-starting structure, solved the switched reluctance motor who is less than the three-phase and not have the problem of self-starting ability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some of the embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance machine in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance machine in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a radial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance machine with a three tooth stator according to one embodiment;

FIG. 4 illustrates three winding patterns of a winding coil on a stator of a switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a radial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance motor having magnetically permeable regions with a fan-like configuration in one embodiment;

FIG. 6 shows two embodiments of the magnetically permeable region of the rotor according to one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an axial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance machine with straight stator tooth end faces in one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an axial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance motor with flux oriented parallel to the axis of rotation according to one embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a radial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance motor with a magnetically non-conductive self-starting structure in one embodiment;

fig. 10 is a radial cross-sectional view of the switched reluctance motor of fig. 9 in a self-starting mode;

FIG. 11 is a radial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance machine in a self-starting mode having the rotor of the self-starting configuration of FIG. 9 and having a flux direction parallel to the axis of rotation;

FIG. 12 is a radial cross-sectional view of a switched reluctance motor with a magnetically permeable self-starting structure according to one embodiment;

fig. 13 is a radial cross-sectional view of the switched reluctance machine of fig. 12 in a self-starting mode;

fig. 14 is a radial sectional view of a switched reluctance motor in a self-starting mode having the rotor of the self-starting structure of fig. 12 and having a magnetic flux running in parallel with a rotation axis.

Description of reference numerals:

1-stator, 2-winding, 3-rotor, 4-axis of rotation, 5-air gap, 11-stator yoke, 12-stator teeth, 31-magnetically permeable region, 32-magnetically non-permeable region, 33-self-starting structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying any limitation to the number of technical features. All directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific state (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific state changes, the directional indicator changes accordingly. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a high-speed switched reluctance motor according to one embodiment.

In the embodiment, the high-speed switched reluctance motor comprises a stator 1, a winding 2 wound on the stator 1, a rotor 3, and a rotating shaft 4 fixedly connected with the rotor 3;

the stator 1 comprises a stator yoke 11 and stator teeth 12 fixedly arranged on the stator yoke 11, the stator 1 is of a C-shaped structure, and the convex part of the C-shaped structure is the stator teeth 12. The rotor 2 is also C-shaped in configuration and the rotor 2 comprises magnetically permeable regions 31 and non-magnetically permeable regions 32.

The switched reluctance motor further comprises an air gap 5; when the stator teeth 12 are opposite to the magnetic conduction region 31, a gap formed between the surface of the stator teeth 12 and the surface of the opposite magnetic conduction region 31 is the air gap 5; before the switched reluctance motor is started, the magnetic conduction region 31 is arranged on one side close to the air gap 5.

Further, referring to fig. 2, a radial cross-sectional view of the switched reluctance motor in this embodiment is shown, wherein the C-shaped stator 1 has a single-tooth structure, and an included angle α formed between two ends of the stator tooth 12 of the stator 1 and a connecting line of the axis of the rotating shaft 4 is greater than 90 °, and compared with a stator in the prior art, the tooth width of the stator tooth 12 in this embodiment is wider, so that the overlapping area of the magnetic conductive regions 31 of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 having the single-tooth structure is increased, which is beneficial to reducing the reluctance of a magnetic circuit and increasing the torque and power of the motor.

In other embodiments, the rotor 2 is designed to be a cylindrical structure, and the magnetic conductive region 31 and the non-magnetic conductive region 32 are similar to a sector structure, so that compared with the conventional rotor with a salient pole structure, the rotor with the similar cylindrical structure can reduce wind loss, improve the efficiency reduction of the motor, and improve the problems of vibration, high noise and the like.

In a further design, the side of the stator teeth 12 of the stator 1 close to the magnetic conduction region 31 is in a curved surface structure, so that air gaps 5 with uniform intervals are formed. Further advantageously, in other preferred embodiments, the air gap 5 may also be designed in other non-uniform forms, such as a stepped air gap, so that when the stator 1 and the rotor 2 enter into partial overlap, no magnetic saturation occurs due to the large air gap 5.

In this embodiment, the magnetic flux direction of the high-speed switched reluctance motor is perpendicular to the rotating shaft 4, the phase number of the motor is one phase, the waveform of the current injected into the winding 2 changes once when the rotor 2 rotates for one turn, the requirements on the calculation frequency of the current and the switching frequency of a switching device are low, and the high-speed switched reluctance motor is suitable for the high-speed field.

In other preferred embodiments, the C-shaped stator 1 may also be designed in a multi-tooth form, see fig. 3, as a C-shaped stator 1 having a three-tooth structure.

In other preferred embodiments, the winding 2 may be disposed on the stator teeth 12 (see fig. 4-a), or disposed on the stator yoke 11 (see fig. 4-b), or disposed on both the stator teeth 12 and the stator yoke 11 (see fig. 4-c), depending on the requirements of practical applications.

In other preferred embodiments, the shape design of the magnetic permeable region 31 and the non-magnetic permeable region 32 of the rotor 2 can also be flexibly designed according to application scenarios, as shown in fig. 5, the design scheme is another fan-shaped design scheme of the magnetic permeable region 31, and with continuing reference to fig. 6, another two design schemes of the magnetic permeable region 31 are shown, wherein the magnetic permeable region 31 in fig. 6-a is a quasi-semi-circle, and the magnetic permeable region 31 in fig. 6-b is smaller in area and is a fan-ring shape.

In other preferred embodiments, the shape of the C-shaped stator can also be designed as shown in fig. 7 and 8 according to the spatial structure characteristics in the practical application scene, wherein the surface of the stator tooth 12 of fig. 7 close to the magnetic conduction region 31 is a straight plane, fig. 8 further designs the magnetic flux trend of the high-speed switched reluctance motor to be parallel to the rotating shaft 4, and meanwhile, the structure of the stator tooth 12 is improved on the basis of fig. 7, the surface of the end portion of the stator tooth 12 in fig. 8 close to the magnetic conduction region 31 is adapted to the structure of the magnetic conduction region 31, and the air gap 5 is a uniform air gap, and these designs are all based on the deformation of the utility model and the basic scheme, and all can realize the purpose of the present invention.

Example 2:

the high-speed switched reluctance motor in the embodiment comprises a stator 1, a winding 2 wound on the stator 1, a rotor 3 and a rotating shaft 4 fixedly connected with the rotor 3; the stator 1 comprises a stator yoke 11 and stator teeth 12 fixedly arranged on the stator yoke 11, the stator 1 is of a C-shaped structure, and the convex part of the C-shaped structure is the stator teeth 12.

In addition to embodiment 1, the present embodiment further optimizes the design of the rotor 3, and referring to fig. 9, the rotor 3 includes a magnetic conductive region 31, a non-magnetic conductive region 32, and a self-starting structure 33. The self-starting structure 33 is disposed on the side of the magnetic conductive region 31 close to the air gap 5, and the self-starting structure 33 is not magnetic conductive, and the other installation conditions are the same as those of embodiment 1.

The method for driving the high-speed switched reluctance motor to self-start in the embodiment is based on the design of the rotor structure, and utilizes the characteristic that the winding 2 has a rotor position difference when small current and large current are introduced, so that the motor rotates, and the specific process is as follows: when current is applied to the winding 2, the self-starting structure 33 is not magnetically permeable and is close to the edge of the magnetic permeable region 31, so that core saturation of the magnetic permeable region 31 near the self-starting structure 33 is likely to occur. When the current in the winding 2 is small (e.g. 10A is applied in this embodiment), the magnetic permeability of the magnetic permeable region 31 is large, and the position of the rotor 3 is located at fig. 10-a; when the current in the winding 2 is large (as in the present embodiment, the current of 30A is applied), the magnetic permeability of the magnetic permeable region 31 near the self-starting structure 33 is first saturated, the magnetic permeability is smaller than that of the other magnetic permeable regions, the rotor 3 tends to rotate in the direction of the core saturation, i.e., in the clockwise direction toward the side where the self-starting structure 33 is located, and then the position of the rotor 3 is positioned at fig. 10-b.

In other embodiments, the magnetic flux direction of the high-speed switched reluctance motor can also be designed to be parallel to the rotating shaft 4, and the structure of the stator teeth 12 is improved, as shown in fig. 11, the surface of the end of the stator teeth 12 close to the magnetic permeable region 31 is adapted to the structure of the magnetic permeable region 31, the air gap 5 is set to be a uniform air gap for a curved surface, and the self-starting method is the same as above, fig. 11-a is the position of the rotor 3 when a small current is introduced into the winding 2, and fig. 11-b is the position of the rotor 3 when a large current is introduced into the winding 2.

Example 3:

the structure of the high-speed switched reluctance motor of the present embodiment is similar to that of embodiment 2, except that: in the present embodiment, the self-starting structure 33 is disposed in the non-magnetic conductive region 32, the self-starting structure 33 is magnetic conductive, specifically referring to fig. 12, it is further disposed that the self-starting structure 33 is disposed on the side close to the air gap 5, and the width of the self-starting structure 33 along the radial direction of the rotor 3 is smaller than the width of the magnetic conductive region 31, the self-starting method is the same as above, as shown in fig. 13, fig. 13-a is the position of the rotor 3 when a small current is applied to the winding 2, fig. 13-b is the position of the rotor 3 when a large current is applied to the winding 2, and in the present embodiment, the rotor 3 rotates in the counterclockwise direction toward the side where the self-starting structure 33 is located.

In other embodiments, the high-speed switched reluctance motor may be modified based on this embodiment, the magnetic flux direction is designed to be parallel to the rotating shaft 4, and the structure of the stator teeth 12 is improved, as shown in fig. 14, the surface of the end of the stator teeth 12 close to the magnetic permeable region 31 is adapted to the structure of the magnetic permeable region 31, and the air gap 5 is a uniform air gap and is set to be a curved surface, the self-starting method is the same as above, fig. 14-a is the position of the rotor 3 when a small current is applied to the winding 2, and fig. 14-b is the position of the rotor 3 when a large current is applied to the winding 2.

The high-speed switched reluctance motor with the C-shaped stator structure designed in the embodiment can design the phase number of the motor into single phase or two phases, so that the rotor rotates for one circle, the current waveform injected into the winding is changed only once or twice, the requirements on the calculation frequency of the current and the switching frequency of a switching device are low, and the high-speed switched reluctance motor can be better suitable for the high-speed field. In addition, in general, the switched reluctance motor of less than 3 phases has no self-starting capability, and torque ripple also becomes large. Therefore, the utility model discloses an increase the self-starting structure on the rotor, realized the self-starting of single-phase or double-phase motor, in addition, utilize inhomogeneous air gap between stator tooth and the rotor tooth, also can realize the self-starting of motor. As for the problem of torque ripple, since the motor torque operating in a high speed condition is relatively small, the influence of torque ripple on the performance of the motor is not great.

The above mentioned is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, all the technical ideas of the present invention are that the various equivalent structures made by the contents of the specification and the drawings are changed or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and all the equivalent structures should belong to the scope defined in the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed switched reluctance motor is characterized in that:

the motor comprises a stator, a winding wound on the stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft fixedly connected with the rotor;

2. A high speed switched reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein:

the rotor comprises a magnetic conduction region, a non-magnetic conduction region and a self-starting structure.

3. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to claim 2, wherein:

the switched reluctance motor further comprises an air gap;

4. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to claim 3, wherein:

the self-starting structure is arranged in the magnetic conduction area, and the self-starting structure is not magnetic.

5. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to claim 4, wherein:

the self-starting structure is arranged on one side close to the air gap.

6. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to claim 3, wherein:

the self-starting structure is arranged in the non-magnetic conductive area, and the self-starting structure can conduct magnetism.

7. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to claim 6, wherein:

the self-starting structure is arranged on one side close to the air gap, and the width of the self-starting structure is smaller than that of the magnetic conduction region.

8. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

the stator comprises at least one of the stator teeth, the windings being arranged on the stator yoke and/or the stator teeth.

9. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

the rotor is of any one of a C-shaped or cylindrical structure.

10. A high-speed switched reluctance machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

and an included angle formed between the two ends of the stator and a connecting line of the axes of the rotating shafts is not less than 90 degrees.