CN214785027U - Integrative special-shaped multifunctional brick integrated configuration of brick mould - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special-shaped multifunctional brick combined structure integrating brick and mould, which comprises two basic bricks and a stay wire; the shape of the basic brick is 'ㄣ', the two bricks are distributed in a left-right mirror image mode to form a support die, the stay wire is used for reinforcing the connection between the two bricks, and a filler is arranged in a reserved space between the bricks; there is the cylinder boss one side of basic fragment of brick laminating filler, also a plurality of blind holes of equipartition, through-hole, and the filler has the part to deepen and realize the connection of two basic fragments of brick in to the blind hole, and the cylinder boss cooperates with the through-hole, strengthens the connection of two adjacent bricks. The utility model discloses the brick usage is various, and the usage is extensive, has upgraded and improved traditional building method, optimizes modern building construction form. The wall body is beautiful and firm, the heat preservation and the heat storage are realized, the construction cost is low, and the energy consumption is low; when the building wall is dismantled, the brick modules are recovered, and soil is returned to the field, so that the building wall is green and environment-friendly. The utility model discloses agree with current rural area strategy of happy, respond building field carbon emission reduction strategy, have good practical value and spreading value.

Description

Integrative special-shaped multifunctional brick integrated configuration of brick mould

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a building field, concretely relates to be an integrative special-shaped multifunctional brick integrated configuration of brick mould.

Background

One, tradition rammed earth wall

1. Rammed earth wall concept

The rammed earth wall is a traditional building wall body in China, and the rammed earth is a pressed mixed mud block which is firm, high in density and small in gaps. Rammed earth constructions are also known as earth constructions.

(1) Advantages of rammed earth wall

Green and environment-friendly; good heat preservation, strong heat storage capacity, simple construction method, wide raw material source, local material utilization and low cost.

(2) Shortage of rammed earth wall

The wall body has low strength and poor compression resistance, and is suitable for low-rise buildings; and the waterproof performance is poor, the indoor wall is afraid of water bubbles, the outdoor wall is afraid of rain, and compared with a brick-concrete wall, the service life is short.

2. Problems in rammed earth wall construction

(1) When the rammed earth wall is built, the plate and the frame are generally required to be supported, the plate frame is moved upwards after the earth is filled layer by layer and firmly built, the construction is inconvenient, and the process is complicated.

(2) After the earth wall is built, the wall surface is rough, the wall body is not suitable for decoration, if the wall body is used as an indoor wall body, in order to increase the strength and the water resistance of the wall body, an external metal net is required to be hung and a cement outer layer is required to be smeared, the construction is complicated, and the process cost is increased.

3. Current situation of rammed earth wall

As the rammed earth building has the characteristics of local materials, warm in winter and cool in summer, low manufacturing cost and the like, the rammed earth building is widely used in rural housing construction in western regions before 80 years, and in recent years, due to the improvement of standards such as building earthquake resistance grade, safety and the like, the rammed earth building is replaced by cast-in-place of brick wood and concrete, but has irreplaceable advantages in specific occasions (such as vegetable greenhouses, breeding houses and ecological buildings).

Second, adobe wall

1. Adobe wall concept

The adobe wall is built by adopting formed adobes, when the adobes are manufactured, mud lumps are placed in a wood model to be pressed, turned over, aired and dried to manufacture the adobe wall, the adobe blocks are compact and have certain strength, and when the adobes are built, the adobes are mostly plastered on the vertical surface of the outer wall for protection.

(1) The advantages of adobe wall

The material is green and environment-friendly as the rammed earth wall; good heat insulation, strong heat storage capacity, larger strength than a rammed earth wall and stronger compression resistance than the rammed earth wall. The raw materials are locally obtained, and the cost of the raw materials is low.

(2) Defects of adobe wall

The strength is not as good as that of brick walls, the waterproof performance is poor, the compression resistance is poor, and the building block is suitable for low-rise buildings.

2. Problems existing in the construction of adobe walls

(1) The production of mud blank requires that water, soil and grass powder are mixed uniformly according to a certain proportion, then the mud blank is formed by a mould, and the mud blank can be formed after being turned, dried and aired, and is mostly plastered on the vertical surface of an outer wall in order to protect the mud blank during building; the wall strength is not enough, and the interior decoration restriction is more.

(2) The wall building method is the same in the process of building the wall body by using the dry mud blank, the working procedures are more, and the labor is consumed.

3. Current situation of adobe wall

Because the dry mud blank has high price, the wall building process is not different from the brick wall, the strength of the built brick wall is not as high as that of the brick wall, and the strength and the water resistance are poor, the dry mud blank is basically eliminated.

Third, brick wall

1. And (3) solid bricks: the brick and cement form has high strength, but high material cost and labor cost and poor heat preservation.

2. Hollow brick: the strength is low, and the bearing wall cannot be made; good heat preservation, complex process and high cost.

3. Air-added brick: the strength is low, the heat preservation is good, and the wall is only made and is not waterproof; the cement outer coating needs to be strengthened and protected.

4. Cement brick: consuming precast bricks and cement; the wall body has high strength, the construction method is similar to that of a red brick wall, the heat insulation performance is poor, and the comprehensive cost is high.

Fourth, novel modular wall

1. EPS modular wall body: the heat preservation foam + concrete + reinforcing bar form, the foam module is supported, and inside cavity is put the reinforcing bar and is strengthened, and the module is interior to be irritated cement mortar.

(1) Advantages of

The wet construction simplifies the construction process of the building, the wall has high strength, the inner layer and the outer layer of foam heat preservation, the wall has good heat preservation effect and good anti-seismic performance, and the application is wide.

(2) Deficiency of

The material is not environment-friendly, and the foam and the steel bar are difficult to recycle, so that the building block is suitable for permanent buildings; and the material cost is high, and the cost of the comprehensive building is highest after the construction of the outer wall net hanging and cement plastering.

2. Light steel wall body: the building wall adopts a metal frame and heat insulation board form, uses a metal framework as a keel, and is provided with boards or heat insulation materials at two sides.

(1) Advantages of the invention

The dry construction has the advantages of simple construction, high construction speed, good earthquake resistance, good thermal insulation performance, recyclable materials, small building floor area and high building rate.

(2) Disadvantages of

The wall body has the advantages of poor strength compared with brick-concrete, poor fireproof and waterproof performance, high later maintenance cost and high building cost after synthesis.

Five, mortise and tenon structure

1. The mortise and tenon structure is a common structure for Chinese wooden ancient buildings, increases the contact surface between connecting objects and limits the objects

The movement makes the object more stable, and is widely used for manufacturing furniture, house beams and the like.

2. Use of mortise and tenon structure in brick concrete building

The mortise and tenon structure needs to reserve the space for deformation of an object, is complex in structure, can cause the cost of bricks to rise when bricks with corresponding shapes are manufactured, is more precise in secondary assembly, and is easy to increase the difficulty when the wall is built, so that the mortise and tenon structure is difficult to apply to the building with bricks mixed as a main body.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a to the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides an integrative special-shaped multifunctional brick integrated configuration of brick mould has synthesized the multinomial technique for wall body production not only possesses the characteristics of rammed earth wall, brick wall, modular wall, light steel wall, has simple, the low cost of construction moreover, and intensity is high, and heat preservation heat accumulation, green's advantage has upgraded and has improved traditional building method, optimizes modern building construction form.

The utility model discloses under same inventive concept, adopted following two kinds of schemes:

scheme one

A brick-mould integrated special-shaped multifunctional brick combined structure comprises at least two basic bricks; the shape of the foundation brick is 'ㄣ', the two foundation bricks are distributed in a left-right mirror image mode to form a support die, and a viscous filler is arranged between the two foundation bricks; a plurality of blind holes are uniformly distributed on one surface, attached to the viscous filler, of the foundation brick, and part of the viscous filler extends into the blind holes to realize connection of the two foundation bricks.

Furthermore, the utility model also comprises a stay wire used for enhancing the connection stability of the two foundation bricks; the basic brick is provided with a slotted hole, and the stay wire is embedded in the slotted hole and penetrates through the viscous filler.

Preferably, the stay wire is in an I shape.

Scheme two

A brick-mould integrated special-shaped multifunctional brick combined structure comprises at least two foundation bricks and a stay wire for connecting the two foundation bricks; the shape of the foundation bricks is 'ㄣ', the two foundation bricks are distributed in a left-right mirror image mode to form a support die, and heat-insulating fillers are arranged between the two foundation bricks; the basic brick is provided with a slotted hole, and the stay wire is embedded in the slotted hole and penetrates through the heat-insulation filler.

The shape of the stay wire in the second scheme is also preferably in an I shape.

In the two schemes, the ㄣ -shaped upper part of the basic brick is provided with a cylindrical boss, the ㄣ -shaped lower part of the basic brick is provided with through holes matched with the cylindrical boss in size, and the number of the through holes is more than or equal to that of the cylindrical bosses; the connection of two adjacent foundation bricks about the mode through cylinder boss inserts the through-hole is stabilized, and the distance of adjacent brick is decided to the position of through-hole number and cylinder boss. And the inner side surface of the base brick attaching filler is a rough surface, and the outer side surface of the base brick attaching filler is a smooth surface.

The utility model has the characteristics of as follows:

(1) if the filler is viscous filler, such as rammed earth or mud, the foundation bricks are used as supporting forms, and the rammed earth or mud is filled without the need of supporting by an outer panel frame and cement bonding. The wall building process comprises brick building, soil filling (mud filling) and tamping (tamping), the wall building process is simplified, and the construction efficiency is increased. Because the filler adopts rammed earth or mud, can produce the side direction bulging force to the brick below, rely on the stay wire can balance this kind of tension, make the wall fragment of brick keep stable.

(2) The basis fragment of brick top is equipped with the cylinder boss, is equipped with big or small assorted through-hole below, and during the brick laying, the through-hole correspondence of top basis fragment of brick inserts the cylinder boss of below basis fragment of brick, and the removal position is fixed about two piece upper and lower basis fragments of brick like this, and top basis fragment of brick can be controlled two adjacent brick position locks about the below when adopting dislocation article word to lay bricks. Therefore, longitudinal and transverse fixation can be guaranteed, the wall body is more stable when built, and the strength is higher after the wall body is built. And the through holes on the foundation bricks above can be combined with the cylindrical bosses protruding from the foundation bricks below at will, so that the overlapping distance between the bricks is adjusted.

(3) After the wall is built, the form of a brick-in-brick rammed earth structure is formed, and the strength of the wall is increased; and the outer vertical wall surface of the wall body is smooth and flat, cement plastering and powder coating are not needed, and the wall surface is natural and attractive.

(4) The outer brick wrapping structure enables the wall body not to be wet or drenched, and waterproof materials can be additionally adopted for the wall brick seams to be sewn, so that the waterproof performance and the attractive performance are better.

(5) If the fillers adopt insulation fillers such as polystyrene boards, extruded sheets, asbestos boards, grass squares and the like, cement bonding is needed, and compared with the construction mode of common brick clamp insulation materials, the wall body is narrowest, the cost is lowest, and the strength is highest.

To sum up, compare with prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

(1) the utility model uses the design idea of Russian square, adopts a combined structure form (consisting of two basic bricks, fillers and stay wires), combines the characteristic of ㄣ shape of basic bricks, can be directly piled up to build a wall body, and the surface of the built wall body is smooth and beautiful without additional finishing decoration; and two foundation bricks form a formwork, and the lateral outward thrust of fillers in the middle of the wall body on the foundation bricks can be resisted by matching with the stay wires, and the stability between the adjacent bricks can be ensured by matching with the simple mortise and tenon structural form of the cylindrical bosses and the through holes, so that the outer side is not required to be supported when the wall is built, the strength of the wall body after being dried is increased, and the transverse reinforcing steel bar lacing wire reinforcement is not required to be carried out like a brick-concrete building.

(2) The combined structure designed by the utility model adopts the design form of basic brick, filler and basic brick, when the filler adopts viscous filler, a plurality of blind holes and through holes are uniformly distributed on one side of the inner side of the basic brick, and part of the filler extends into the blind holes and the through holes, so that firstly, the material for manufacturing the basic brick can be saved, and the weight of the basic brick is reduced; secondly, heat conduction can be uniform when the foundation bricks are fired, so that the foundation bricks are ensured not to deform; and thirdly, part of the filler extends into the blind hole and the through hole, so that the adhesive force between the filler and the foundation bricks can be enhanced, the foundation bricks and the filler are connected into a whole, and the wall strength during wall building is improved. The utility model can also add heat preservation fillers (such as benzene board, extruded sheet, asbestos board, grass square block, etc.) on the basis, and the wall body has the basic heat preservation function.

(3) The utility model discloses a integrated configuration, fragment of brick size is accurate, and the combination is nimble, and the whole inside and outside surfacing of building by laying bricks or stones, pleasing to the eye.

(4) The utility model discloses the fragment of brick is higher with traditional perforated brick similarity, need not to carry out the major transformation to current production line during production, only needs to change and makes corresponding mould and can realize the butt joint in the technology to production process, transportation all are as good as with ordinary fragment of brick, and simple high efficiency during the construction, comprehensive cost is low. Taking 24 walls as an example, through calculation, the construction cost of each square meter of the wall built by adopting common bricks is about 140 yuan (including the cost of the bricks, the cost of cement and the cost of labor); adopt the utility model relates to a foundation brick and integrated configuration build a wall, and per square meter cost is about 100 yuan. Compare ordinary brick and build a wall, the utility model discloses every square meter can practice thrift nearly 1/3's the cost of building a wall, if the wall body is wider, then it is more to save the cost.

(5) The utility model discloses construction convenience is simple, and the efficiency of construction is high, can reduce material cost, and wall body intensity is high, waterproof, heat accumulation performance is good, green.

(6) The utility model discloses be fit for constructing the building that has the requirement to heat preservation heat accumulation: such as breeding house walls, vegetable planting greenhouse walls, low-rise energy-saving houses, antique buildings and the like; the wall body that needs the extension board is suitable for lateral force: such as revetment, cable channels, floor tiles, etc.; is also suitable for the construction of special molding enclosing walls: such as dry wall, antique floor tile, etc. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the characteristics of substantive and progress, be fit for promoting.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a foundation brick according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic outer side view of a foundation block according to example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic inner side view of a foundation block according to example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the present invention, example 1, in use.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the present invention, example 2, in use.

Wherein, the part names corresponding to the reference numbers are:

1-basic brick, 101-slotted hole, 2-stay wire, 3-viscous filler, 4-blind hole, 5-through hole, 6-cylindrical boss and 7-foundation.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, and the practice of the present invention includes but is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment structurally includes two foundation bricks 1 and a stay wire 2. The shape of foundation brick 1 is "ㄣ" shape to two foundation brick mirror image distribution constitute the formwork, are provided with viscidity filler 3 between two foundation bricks, and the one side equipartition of foundation brick laminating viscidity filler has a plurality of blind holes 4. In this embodiment, the viscous filler 3 can be soil or rammed earth or mixture of rammed earth, mud and grass powder in any proportion, and the viscous filler partially penetrates into the blind hole. After the filler is added, the connection between the two foundation bricks can be strengthened through tamping and drying, and the combination of the viscous filler and the foundation bricks is tighter and firmer. The size and the number of the blind holes in the embodiment can be calculated and adjusted according to actual needs, and the embodiment only shows one arrangement mode of the blind holes.

The stay wire 2 is used as a connecting member in the embodiment and used for enhancing the connection stability of two foundation bricks, and specifically comprises the following components: the foundation brick is provided with a slotted hole 101 (as shown in figure 3), and the stay wire 2 is embedded in the slotted hole and penetrates through the viscous filler 3. The stay wire 2 in this embodiment is in the shape of an "i" and is installed as shown in fig. 2. During the preparation of this embodiment, first two basic fragment of brick are the mirror image and firmly bond on the ground, wait its dry hardening after, pack into the acting as go-between (specifically block in the perforation 101 of acting as go-between of two basic fragment of brick), form the brick module, the lateral surface of brick is the smooth surface, as shown in fig. 4, the medial surface is porous rough surface, as shown in fig. 5. When building a wall on the foundation 7, the I-shaped stay wire can reduce outward expansive force generated by the filler on the lower foundation bricks, and meanwhile, the lower-layer foundation bricks have a restriction effect on the upper-layer foundation bricks, so that the stability of the wall is ensured. The wall body after being built is shown in figure 6 (the bottom part of the wall body needs to be cut off along with bricks of the foundation part), and after the building is finished, smooth inner and outer wall surfaces can be built.

In addition, in this embodiment, a through hole 5 is formed in a thin edge (i.e., the lower portion of the shape of "ㄣ") below the foundation brick, a cylindrical boss 6 is formed in a thin edge (i.e., the upper portion of the shape of "ㄣ") above the foundation brick, the cylindrical boss corresponds to the position of the through hole below the foundation brick, and when two foundation bricks are stacked together, the through hole of the foundation brick above the foundation brick is correspondingly inserted into the cylindrical boss of the foundation brick below the foundation brick, so that the upper and lower bricks are locked. So, the effect of cylinder boss, round hole cooperation filler and acting as go-between can increase the stability of wall body when building the wall, and the wall body builds and increases wall body intensity after the drying.

Example 2

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the embodiment adopts heat insulation fillers, such as a benzene board, an extruded sheet, an asbestos board, grass squares (the grass squares are made by compressing straws, which can realize recycling of the straws and avoid pollution caused by burning the straws), and the like. And the stay wires 2 are used for connecting the two foundation bricks (by utilizing the shape characteristics of the I shape). Taking the heat preservation filler as the polystyrene board as an example, when the concrete is manufactured in the embodiment, the wall foundation 7 is firstly manufactured, the surface is smooth, the part of the occupied basic brick is cut off, the brick is changed from the 'ㄣ' shape into the 'L' shape, two basic bricks are bonded on the foundation face to face by cement, a space for placing the polystyrene board is reserved in the middle, a concave table is formed (the concave table can also be formed by bonding standard bricks by cement), and after the cement is hardened, the laying of the second layer and the third layer of basic bricks can be started. Because the stay wire on each layer of bricks can block the benzene plate from being put in, the benzene plate is put in the gap between the two bricks in advance when the bricks are laid, the positions of the stay wire embedding grooves are marked on the benzene plate, and then the benzene plate is taken out for punching. When each layer of the wall is built, the benzene plate is put in, the stay wire penetrates through the punched holes in the benzene plate and is embedded into the slotted holes in the foundation bricks on the two sides, the left foundation brick, the right foundation brick and the benzene plate are fixed, and therefore the stability and the structure of the wall are enhanced. In the embodiment, the wall body after being stacked is as shown in fig. 7 (when the heat preservation filler is adopted, cement needs to be smeared between the upper layer and the lower layer of basic bricks for bonding), in the embodiment, blind holes can be omitted, the basic bricks shown in fig. 7 are provided with blind holes, cohesive soil such as rammed earth and mud can be filled on the basis of the polystyrene board and extend into the blind holes, and therefore cement does not need to be smeared between the upper layer and the lower layer of basic bricks. After the piling is finished, smooth inner and outer wall surfaces can be built.

The utility model discloses utilize stopping at below basic fragment of brick edge, make top basic fragment of brick rigidity to adopt the acting as go-between to inlay and put the form, it is fixed with two basic fragments of brick of mirror image. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses borrow the mortise and tenon structure for reference, utilize the cylinder boss on the basic fragment of brick to insert adjacent basic fragment of brick through-hole, make the locking of basic fragment of brick about the wall body, control locking, increase wall body stability, strengthened wall body structure.

Adopt the utility model discloses the wall body that the product was built by laying bricks or stones can be nimble various. Can be used for building pure brick walls, brick clamp rammed earth walls, brick clamp mud + grass dust walls, brick clamp concrete walls, brick clamp heat insulation board walls, brick clamp grass block walls and the like.

In addition, the wall body built by adopting the product of the utility model can be used as a floor tile, and the basic brick blocks can be used as a leveling cushion block, so that the structure is stable, and the phenomena of looseness and upwarp of the basic brick blocks can be avoided; the bottom does not need the stability that the foreshadowing cement kept basic fragment of brick during the construction, and basic fragment of brick has the through-hole to make the rainwater infiltration, consequently adopts the utility model discloses not hard up when the ceramic tile is done to basic fragment of brick, turn over the perk, do not ponding, do not splash water.

The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention, all that is the insubstantial change or color enhancement made in the main design concept and spirit of the present invention, the technical problem solved by the embodiment is still consistent with the present invention, and all should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure integrating bricks and moulds is characterized by comprising at least two basic bricks (1); the shape of the foundation brick block (1) is ㄣ, the two foundation brick blocks are distributed in a left-right mirror image mode to form a support die, and a viscous filler (3) is arranged between the two foundation brick blocks; a plurality of blind holes (4) are uniformly distributed on one surface, attached to the viscous filler, of the foundation brick, and part of the viscous filler extends into the blind holes to realize connection of the two foundation bricks.

2. The special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure integrating the brick and the mold as one body as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a stay (2) for enhancing the connection stability of two foundation bricks (1); the basic brick is provided with a slotted hole (101), and the stay wire is embedded in the slotted hole and penetrates through the viscous filler.

3. The brick-mold integrated special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the stay (2) is in the shape of an I.

4. The special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure integrating the brick and the mold as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the upper part of the shape of ㄣ of the basic brick is provided with a cylindrical boss (6), the lower part of the shape of ㄣ is provided with through holes (5) matched with the size of the cylindrical boss, and the number of the through holes is more than or equal to the number of the cylindrical bosses; the connection of two adjacent foundation bricks up and down is stabilized through the mode that the cylindrical boss is inserted into the through hole.

5. A special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure integrating brick moulds is characterized by comprising at least two basic bricks (1) and a stay wire (2) for connecting the two basic bricks; the shape of the foundation brick block (1) is ㄣ, the two foundation brick blocks are distributed in a left-right mirror image mode to form a support mold, and a heat-insulating filler is arranged between the two foundation brick blocks; the basic brick is provided with a slotted hole (101), and the stay wire is embedded in the slotted hole and penetrates through the heat-insulation filler.

6. The brick-mold integrated special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stay (2) is H-shaped.

7. The special-shaped multifunctional brick combination structure integrating the brick and the mold as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the upper part of the shape of ㄣ of the basic brick is provided with a cylindrical boss (6), the lower part of the shape of ㄣ is provided with through holes (5) matched with the size of the cylindrical boss, and the number of the through holes is more than or equal to the number of the cylindrical bosses; the connection of two adjacent foundation bricks up and down is stabilized through the mode that the cylindrical boss is inserted into the through hole.

Images