CN214783662U - Wetland bank slope plant ecological system for treating mine and mountain areas - Google Patents
Wetland bank slope plant ecological system for treating mine and mountain areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN214783662U CN214783662U CN202121564916.1U CN202121564916U CN214783662U CN 214783662 U CN214783662 U CN 214783662U CN 202121564916 U CN202121564916 U CN 202121564916U CN 214783662 U CN214783662 U CN 214783662U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a administer wetland bank slope plant ecosystem in ore mountain area, include former landform layer and lay the ecological bank slope on former landform layer, former landform layer slope sets up, the high-end one end of keeping away from the river bank of former landform layer, the low side on former landform layer is the one end that is close to the river bank, ecological bank slope is including establishing the finishing layer on former landform layer, establish the ecological concrete layer of keeping away from former landform layer one side on the finishing layer, establish and keep away from the clay layer of finishing layer one side and establish the three-dimensional plant stratum reticulare in one side that ecological concrete layer was kept away from on the clay layer at ecological concrete layer. This application makes bank slope gently and levels the back through the renovation layer, and ecological concrete layer consolidates the renovation layer for the rubble of renovation layer is difficult for dropping at will, in order to reach the difficult purpose that produces soil erosion and water loss of ecological bank slope, the clay layer provides the growing condition for the plant, and three-dimensional plant stratum reticulare makes the clay on clay layer difficult by rivers take away, thereby reaches the difficult purpose that produces soil erosion and water loss of messenger ecological bank slope.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of wetland bank slope treatment, in particular to a wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas.
Background
Generally, after mining, the whole mountain and vegetation are seriously damaged, so that wild animals and plants cannot survive, and the mined mountain is easy to have accident risks such as landslide, flood or collapse of the mountain. With the increasing promotion of the current ecological civilization construction, the green water green mountain is about the treatment concept of the gold mountain silver mountain, and the ecological restoration of the mine area is gradually an important environmental treatment target.
In the related art, the invention patent document with the publication number CN102561264A discloses an ecological slope protection and a construction method thereof, wherein the ecological slope protection is characterized by comprising a group of partitioned areas arranged on a hard slope protection, and each partitioned area is sequentially provided with a matrix soil layer, a gravel layer and a vegetation layer from bottom to top.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that when the ecological slope protection is washed by rainwater or water, the vegetation layer and the gravel layer on the surface of the ecological slope protection are easily washed away, which easily causes water and soil loss of the ecological slope protection.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to prevent the ecological system from water and soil loss, the application provides a wetland bank slope plant ecological system for treating mine areas.
The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises an original landform layer and an ecological bank slope laid on the original landform layer, wherein the original landform layer is inclined, the high end of the original landform layer is one end far away from a river bank, the low end of the original landform layer is one end close to the river bank, and the ecological bank slope comprises a finishing layer arranged on the original landform layer, an ecological concrete layer arranged on the finishing layer and far away from one side of the original landform layer, a clay layer arranged on the ecological concrete layer and far away from one side of the finishing layer and a three-dimensional plant net layer arranged on one side of the clay layer far away from the ecological concrete layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the finishing layer is used for finishing the original landform layer, so that the slope of the original landform layer is gentle and the slope surface is smooth; the ecological concrete layer reinforces the finishing layer, so that broken stones on the finishing layer are not easy to fall off randomly, and the purpose that the finishing layer is not easy to generate water and soil loss is achieved; the clay layer provides growing conditions for plants, and the three-dimensional plant net layer enables the clay of the clay layer to be difficult to be taken away by water flow under the washing of rainwater, so that the purpose that the clay layer is difficult to generate water and soil loss is achieved.
Optionally, a clay layer is arranged on one side, away from the clay layer, of the three-dimensional plant net layer, and the three-dimensional plant net layer is embedded in the clay layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plants are planted on the fertile soil layer, so that the growth nutrients of the plants are more sufficient, and the growth survival rate of the plants is higher; and the three-dimensional plant net layer is embedded in the fertile soil layer, so that the fertile soil layer is not easy to be taken away by water flow under the washing of rainwater, and the purpose that the fertile soil layer is not easy to generate water and soil loss is achieved.
Optionally, a side slope is arranged on one side of the fertile soil layer, which is far away from the three-dimensional plant net layer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the side slope bank protection is consolidated ecological bank slope for ecological bank slope is difficult for scattering under the washing away of rivers, in order to reach the difficult soil erosion and water loss's of ecological bank slope purpose.
Optionally, a diversion channel is arranged on the side slope protection slope.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the diversion channel makes the rainwater flow direction ecological bank slope low side's of drippage on the side slope bank protection velocity of flow accelerate to reduce the influence of rainwater to ecological bank slope, and then make ecological bank slope be difficult for leading to producing soil erosion and water loss under the erodeing of rainwater.
Optionally, a dam is arranged at the lower end of the ecological bank slope, and the plane height of the dam is higher than that of the lower end of the ecological bank slope.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dam is used for protecting the low end of the ecological bank slope, and the dam can not only prevent the ecological bank slope from being washed away by rivers, but also prevent the ecological bank slope from scattering, so that the purpose that the ecological bank slope is not easy to generate water and soil loss is achieved.
Optionally, the dam is provided with a prestressed anchor cable in a penetrating manner. One end of the prestressed anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the dyke in a penetrating mode, and the other end of the prestressed anchor cable is fixedly arranged in the original landscape layer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the prestressed anchorage cable forms the drag link to dykes and dams for dykes and dams are more firm, and dykes and dams are difficult to collapse when meetting the extrusion of ecological bank slope or river and erode.
Optionally, a water outlet is arranged on the dam and penetrates through the dam.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the river bank is discharged to the water that flows to dykes and dams in the ecological bank slope to the outlet to reach the difficult ponding purpose in bottom of ecological bank slope.
Optionally, an overflow groove is arranged at one end of the dam far away from the ground.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the overflow launder discharges the ponding that is higher than the overflow launder tank bottom of dykes and dams one side that is close to the bank slope towards the bank to reach dykes and dams difficult because of dykes and dams one side ponding that is close to ecological bank slope leads to dykes and dams purpose that collapses too much.
Optionally, one side that dykes and dams are close to former landform layer is equipped with the drainage groove, the drainage groove is the toper, the main aspects of drainage groove are for being close to the one end on former landform layer, and the tip in drainage groove is for being close to the one end in outlet, and the outlet is linked together with the drainage groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the drainage groove leads the outlet with the water of flow direction dykes and dams in the ecological bank slope, and the rivers of being convenient for discharge through the outlet.
Optionally, a filtering gabion is arranged in the drainage groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, filter the gabion and block earth and the rubble under the hosepipe that flows to dykes and dams in the ecological bank slope, and filter the gabion and make rivers flow to the outlet to realize filterable effect, thereby reach the outlet and be difficult for the purpose by rubble or earth jam when the drainage.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the ecological concrete layer reinforces the finishing layer, so that broken stones in the finishing layer are not easy to fall off randomly, the purpose that the ecological bank slope is not easy to generate water and soil loss is achieved, the three-dimensional plant net layer enables clay in the clay layer to be not easy to take away by water flow, and the ecological bank slope is further not easy to generate water and soil loss;
2. the plants are planted on the fertile soil layer, so that the growth nutrients of the plants are more sufficient, and the growth survival rate of the plants is higher; the three-dimensional plant net layer is embedded in the fertile soil layer, so that the fertile soil layer is not easily taken away by water flow under the washing of rainwater, and the purpose that the fertile soil layer is not easily subjected to water and soil loss is achieved;
3. the dam is arranged at the lower end of the ecological bank slope, so that the ecological bank slope is not easy to be washed by rivers and scattered, and the purpose that the ecological bank slope is not easy to lose water and soil is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wetland bank slope plant ecosystem in an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of an ecological bank slope in the embodiment of the present application.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship of the dam to the previous feature layer in an embodiment of the present application.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a dike in an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an original landform layer; 2. ecological bank slopes; 21. trimming the layer; 22. an ecological concrete layer; 23. a clay layer; 24. a three-dimensional plant net layer; 25. fertilizing soil; 26. slope protection of the side slope; 261. a water diversion groove; 3. a dam; 31. a pre-stressed anchor cable; 32. a water outlet; 33. a drainage groove; 34. filtering the gabion; 35. an overflow trough.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine and mountain areas. Referring to fig. 1, the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises an original landform layer 1, an ecological bank slope 2 and a dam 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the ecological bank slope 2 includes a finishing layer 21, an ecological concrete layer 22, a clay layer 23, and a three-dimensional plant net layer 24.
The finishing layer 21 is arranged on the original landform layer 1, and the finishing layer 21 is formed by backfilling or excavating exposed rock walls of the original landform layer 1 in the mine area by constructors. The finishing layer 21 makes the original landform layer 1 inclination angle gentler and the slope surface smoother, and the rubble on the original landform layer 1 is not easy to slip off.
The ecological concrete layer 22 is arranged on the side, far away from the original landform layer 1, of the finishing layer 21, and the ecological concrete layer 22 is formed by pouring ecological concrete on the finishing layer 21. The ecological concrete layer 22 is used for reinforcing the finishing layer 21, so that broken stones filled in the finishing layer 21 are not easy to be washed away by water flow and fall off, and the purpose that the ecological bank slope 2 is not easy to generate water and soil loss is achieved.
The clay layer 23 is arranged on the side of the ecological concrete layer 22 far away from the finishing layer 21, and the clay layer 23 is formed by laying clay on the ecological concrete layer 22. Plant grass seeds can be sown in the clay layer 23, and the clay layer 23 can provide growing conditions for the plant grass seeds.
The three-dimensional plant net layer 24 is arranged on one side of the clay layer 23 far away from the ecological concrete layer 22, and the three-dimensional plant net layer 24 is formed by laying a three-dimensional plant net on the clay layer 23. Through the grid structure of the three-dimensional plant net layer 24, the clay of the clay layer 23 is not easy to be taken away by water flow under the washing of rainwater, so that the purpose that the ecological bank slope 2 is not easy to lose water and soil is achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, a fertile soil layer 25 is provided on the side of the three-dimensional plant mesh layer 24 away from the clay layer 23, the fertile soil layer 25 is formed by laying fertile soil on the three-dimensional plant mesh layer 24, and the three-dimensional plant mesh layer 24 is embedded in the fertile soil layer 25. By planting the plants on the fertile soil layer 25, a vegetation system can be formed on the original appearance before the grass seeds of the plants grow, and meanwhile, the fertile soil layer provides more sufficient nutrients for the growth of the plants, so that the survival rate of the plants is higher; and the three-dimensional plant net is positioned in the fertile soil layer 25, so that fertile soil is not easily taken away by water flow under the washing of rainwater, and the purpose that the ecological bank slope 2 is not easily subjected to water and soil loss is achieved.
One side of the fertile soil layer 25, which is far away from the three-dimensional plant net layer 24, is provided with a side slope protection 26, the side slope protection 26 is formed by pouring concrete, the side slope protection 26 can be a rhombic protection, and the side slope protection 26 is embedded in the fertile soil layer 25. The ecological bank slope 2 is reinforced through the side slope protection 26, so that the ecological bank slope 2 is not easy to scatter under water flow scouring, and the purpose that the ecological bank slope 2 is not easy to generate water and soil loss is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a diversion trench 261 is provided at a side of the slope protection 26 away from the three-dimensional plant net layer 24, and the diversion trench 261 is formed by reserving the slope protection 26 in the pouring construction process. Make the rivers that drip on side slope protection 26 accelerate to the velocity of flow of ecological bank slope 2 low side through diversion trench 261 to reduce the rainwater and to ecological bank slope 2's influence, and then make ecological bank slope 2 be difficult for leading to producing soil erosion and water loss under the erodeing of rainwater.
Referring to fig. 1, the dam 3 may be a concrete wall, one side of the dam 3 adjacent to the ecological bank slope 2 abuts against the ecological bank slope 2, and the height of the dam 3 is higher than the height of the ecological bank slope 2. The dam 3 is abutted to the lower end of the ecological bank slope 2, so that the dam 3 protects the lower end of the ecological bank slope 2, and the dam 3 is used for preventing the ecological bank slope 2 from being washed away by rivers and preventing the ecological bank slope 2 from being scattered under the washing of rainwater, so that the aim of preventing the ecological bank slope 2 from generating water and soil loss is fulfilled.
Referring to fig. 3, the dam 3 is provided with a prestressed anchor rope 31. The one end of prestressed anchorage cable 31 is fixed in former landform layer 1, and the other end of prestressed anchorage cable 31 is fixed in dykes and dams 3 and is kept away from one side of former landform layer 1, forms the bracing through prestressed anchorage cable 31 to dykes and dams 3 for dykes and dams 3 are more firm, are difficult for collapsing when meetting rivers and erode.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a drainage port 32 is formed in the dam 3, and the drainage port 32 is formed in the dam 3 in an inclined manner. The high end of the water outlet 32 is one end close to the ecological bank slope 2, and the low end of the water outlet 32 is one end close to the river bank. The water which permeates into the ecological bank slope 2 and flows to the dam 3 is discharged to the water bank through the water discharge port 32, so that the purpose that water is not accumulated at the bottom of the ecological bank slope 2 easily is achieved.
One side of the dyke 3 close to the original landform layer 1 is provided with a plurality of drainage grooves 33 at intervals. The cross section of the drainage groove 33 is conical, the large end of the drainage groove 33 is one end close to the original geomorphic layer 1, the small end of the drainage groove 33 is one end close to the drainage port 32, and the drainage port 32 is communicated with the drainage groove 33. The water permeating into the ecological bank slope 2 and flowing toward the dike 3 is guided to the water discharge ports 32 through the drainage grooves 33, so that the water is discharged to the river bank by the water discharge ports 32.
Referring to fig. 4, a filtering gabion 34 is fixed in the drainage groove 33, the filtering gabion 34 is formed by wrapping and fixing large gravels by a lead wire mesh, and the filtering gabion 34 and the drainage groove 33 are in the same shape. Soil and gravels under the water flow zone flowing to the dam 3 in the ecological bank slope 2 are blocked by the filtering gabion 34, and the water flow flows to the water outlet 32 by the filtering gabion 34, so as to realize the filtering function, thereby achieving the purpose that the water outlet 32 is not easy to be blocked by the gravels or the soil during water drainage.
The end of the dam 3 far away from the ground is provided with an overflow groove 35, and the overflow groove 35 is formed by extending the end of the dam 3 far away from the ground along the direction close to the ground. Through overflow launder 35 with dykes and dams 3 be close to the ponding that is higher than overflow launder 35 tank bottom of former geomorphic grade layer 1 one side and discharge towards the bank to reach dykes and dams 3 and be difficult for leading to dykes and dams 3 to collapse because of dykes and dams 3 are close to the purpose that former geomorphic grade layer 1 one side ponding is too much.
The construction principle of the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating the mine and mountain areas in the embodiment of the application is as follows: firstly, fixing one end of a prestressed anchor cable 31 in an original landform layer 1, then constructing a dam 3, embedding the other end of the prestressed anchor cable 31 in the dam 3, and reinforcing the dam 3 through the prestressed anchor cable 31; when the dam 3 is constructed, the drainage port 32 is arranged on the dam 3 in a penetrating way, meanwhile, the drainage grooves 33 are arranged on one side of the dam 3 close to the original landform layer 1 at intervals, the drainage port 32 is communicated with the drainage grooves 33, and then the filtering gabion 34 is fixed in the drainage grooves 33.
After the dam 3 is constructed, the original landform layer 1 is trimmed, so that the original landform layer 1 is gentle in gradient and relatively flat to obtain a trimmed layer 21; laying ecological concrete on one side of the finishing layer 21 far away from the original geomorphic layer 1 to form an ecological concrete layer 22; paving clay on the side of the ecological concrete layer 22 far away from the finishing layer 21 to form a clay layer 23; laying a three-dimensional plant net on one side of the clay layer 23 far away from the ecological concrete layer 22 to form a three-dimensional plant net layer 24; and paving the fertile soil on the side of the three-dimensional plant net layer 24 far away from the clay layer 23 to form a fertile soil layer 25, and embedding the three-dimensional plant net layer 24 in the fertile soil layer 23. And then constructing a side slope protection 26 on the fertile soil layer 25, and arranging a water diversion groove 261 on one side of the side slope protection 26 far away from the fertile soil layer 25.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a administer wetland bank slope plant ecosystem in mine mountain area, includes former geomorphic layer (1) and lays ecological bank slope (2) on former geomorphic layer (1), former geomorphic layer (1) slope sets up, the high-end one end for keeping away from the bank of the river of former geomorphic layer (1), the low side of former geomorphic layer (1) is the one end that is close to the bank of the river, its characterized in that: the ecological bank slope (2) comprises a finishing layer (21) arranged on the original landform layer (1), an ecological concrete layer (22) arranged on one side, far away from the original landform layer (1), of the finishing layer (21), a clay layer (23) arranged on one side, far away from the finishing layer (21), of the ecological concrete layer (22) and a three-dimensional plant net layer (24) arranged on one side, far away from the ecological concrete layer (22), of the clay layer (23).
2. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 1, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: an earthen layer (25) is arranged on one side, away from the clay layer (23), of the three-dimensional plant net layer (24), and the three-dimensional plant net layer (24) is embedded in the earthen layer (25).
3. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 2, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: and a side slope protection slope (26) is arranged on one side of the fertile soil layer (25) far away from the three-dimensional plant net layer (24).
4. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 3, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: a diversion flume (261) is arranged on the side slope protection (26).
5. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 1, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: and the lower end of the ecological bank slope (2) is provided with a dam (3), and the plane height of the dam (3) is higher than that of the lower end of the ecological bank slope (2).
6. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 5, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: the dam is characterized in that a prestressed anchor cable (31) is arranged on the dam (3), one end of the prestressed anchor cable (31) is fixedly arranged on the dam (3) in a penetrating mode, and the other end of the prestressed anchor cable (31) is fixed in the original landform layer (1).
7. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 5, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: the dam (3) is provided with a water outlet (32), and the water outlet (32) penetrates through the dam (3).
8. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 5, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: and an overflow groove (35) is arranged at one end of the dam (3) far away from the ground.
9. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 7, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: dykes and dams (3) are close to one side of former landform layer (1) and are equipped with drainage groove (33), drainage groove (33) are the toper, the main aspects of drainage groove (33) are for being close to the one end of former landform layer (1), and the tip of drainage groove (33) is for being close to the one end of outlet (32), and outlet (32) are linked together with drainage groove (33).
10. The wetland bank slope plant ecosystem for treating mine areas according to claim 9, wherein the wetland bank slope plant ecosystem comprises: and a filtering gabion (34) is arranged in the drainage groove (33).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121564916.1U CN214783662U (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Wetland bank slope plant ecological system for treating mine and mountain areas |
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| CN202121564916.1U CN214783662U (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Wetland bank slope plant ecological system for treating mine and mountain areas |
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| CN214783662U true CN214783662U (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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| CN202121564916.1U Active CN214783662U (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Wetland bank slope plant ecological system for treating mine and mountain areas |
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