CN214616504U - Experimental device for simulating communication between shaft and stratum materials - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating communication between shaft and stratum materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN214616504U CN214616504U CN202120630126.2U CN202120630126U CN214616504U CN 214616504 U CN214616504 U CN 214616504U CN 202120630126 U CN202120630126 U CN 202120630126U CN 214616504 U CN214616504 U CN 214616504U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an experimental device that simulation pit shaft and stratum material exchanged, this experimental device includes: the system comprises a shaft simulation system, a shaft fluid injection system, a stratum simulation system, a stratum fluid injection system and a data acquisition system; the shaft simulation system comprises a vertically arranged cylinder body for simulating a shaft; the stratum simulation system comprises a sealing body which is horizontally arranged and used for simulating a stratum and mortar filling materials filled in the sealing body; the shaft liquid injection system is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body and is used for injecting shaft liquid into the cylinder body; the formation fluid injection system is connected with one end of the sealing body and is used for injecting formation fluid into the sealing body; the other end of the sealing body is communicated with the bottom end of the cylinder body; the data acquisition system is respectively connected with the shaft simulation system and the stratum simulation system and is used for acquiring simulation data. The experimental device can simulate the fluid flowing rule between the shaft and the stratum under different pressure differences and simulate the fluid exchange form of the stratum with different physical properties under the action of the pressure difference.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil gas exploitation, in particular to experimental apparatus that simulation pit shaft and stratum material exchanged.
Background
In the process of drilling oil and gas resources, the liquid column pressure P generated by the working fluid in the shafthWith the fluid pressure P in the formation porespThe difference Δ P is defined as the differential pressure, and control of the differential pressure is critical in relation to well safety and reservoir protection. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working fluid in the well bore and the fluid in the pores of the stratum can flow oppositely. When Δ P is 0, the working fluid in the wellbore cannot enter the formation, nor can the fluid in the formation enter the wellbore in the equilibrium drilling mode. When Δ P>And when the drilling speed is 0, the drilling mode is an overbalance drilling mode, the working fluid in the shaft enters the stratum, the reservoir stratum in the near wellbore area is polluted by the working fluid, the productivity is not expected, and the working fluid in the shaft is greatly lost in serious conditions to cause great economic loss. When Δ P<And when the drilling speed is 0, the drilling mode is an underbalanced drilling mode, formation fluid enters a shaft to form well invasion, and severe accidents such as well kick and blowout can be caused if the well invasion is not controlled. During the drilling of some "triple low" reservoirs, underbalanced drilling is intentionally used to allow formation fluids into the wellbore for the purpose of early discovery of hydrocarbon reservoirs and reservoir protection. And the fluid exchange forms of the stratums with different physical parameters under the action of the pressure difference are different, the exchange quantity and the exchange speed need to be researched and determined, and the drilling safety and reservoir protection need to be considered to reasonably determine the drilling hydraulic pressure difference.
Therefore, the fluid flow law between the wellbore and the formation and the fluid exchange form of the formation with different physical parameters under the action of the pressure difference need to be researched through simulation experiments.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above problem, the utility model discloses an experimental apparatus that simulation pit shaft and stratum material exchanged to overcome above-mentioned problem or solve above-mentioned problem at least partially.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses an experimental device that simulation pit shaft and stratum material exchanged, experimental apparatus includes: the system comprises a shaft simulation system, a shaft fluid injection system, a stratum simulation system, a stratum fluid injection system and a data acquisition system;
the shaft simulation system comprises a vertically arranged cylinder body for simulating a shaft;
the stratum simulation system comprises a sealing body which is horizontally arranged and used for simulating a stratum and mortar filling materials filled in the sealing body;
the well bore liquid injection system is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body and is used for injecting well bore liquid into the cylinder body; the formation fluid injection system is connected with one end of the sealing body and is used for injecting formation fluid into the sealing body; the other end of the sealing body is communicated with the bottom end of the cylinder body; the data acquisition system is respectively connected with the shaft simulation system and the stratum simulation system and is used for acquiring simulation data.
Further, the wellbore fluid injection system comprises: the liquid tank, the first booster pump and the first valve;
the liquid tank is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body sequentially through the first booster pump and the first valve.
Further, the formation fluid injection system comprises: the fluid source, the second booster pump and the second valve;
and the fluid source is connected with one end of the sealing body sequentially through the second booster pump and the second valve.
Further, the first booster pump and the second booster pump are constant pressure pumps.
Further, the first valve and the second valve are one-way valves.
Further, a third valve is arranged between the cylinder and the sealing body.
Furthermore, a first pressure measuring unit is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, a second pressure measuring unit is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, a plurality of third pressure measuring units are uniformly arranged on the sealing body, and each pressure measuring unit is connected with the data acquisition system.
Further, the pressure measuring unit is a pressure sensor or a pressure gauge.
Further, a liquid discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the barrel body, and a discharge valve is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe.
Further, the cylinder comprises a plurality of sections of transparent glass tubes;
the cylinder body is marked with scale marks.
The utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
in the experimental device of the utility model, the vertical cylinder used for simulating the shaft and the horizontal sealing body used for simulating the stratum are arranged, so that the fluid flowing rule between the shaft and the stratum under different pressure differences can be simulated; and by changing the mortar filling material in the sealing body, the simulation of the fluid exchange form of strata with different physical properties under the action of pressure difference can be carried out.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an experimental apparatus for simulating communication between a wellbore and a formation material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a data acquisition system; 2. a barrel; 3. a seal body; 4. a liquid bath; 5. a first booster pump; 6. a first valve; 7. a second booster pump; 8. a second valve; 9. a third valve; 10. a first pressure measuring unit; 11. a second pressure measuring unit; 12. a third pressure measuring unit; 13. a discharge valve; 14. a source of oil; 15. a gas source; 16. a water source; 17. a three-way valve; 18. and a fourth valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will combine the embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings to perform clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model discloses an embodiment discloses an experimental apparatus that simulation pit shaft and stratum material exchanged, as shown in fig. 1, this experimental apparatus includes: wellbore simulation system, wellbore fluid injection system, formation simulation system, formation fluid injection system and data acquisition system 1.
The wellbore simulation system comprises a vertically arranged cylinder 2 for simulating a wellbore.
The stratum simulation system comprises a sealing body 3 which is horizontally arranged and used for simulating the stratum and mortar filling materials filled in the sealing body 3; the mortar filler is formed by mixing cement and sand with different proportions and then stirring and solidifying with a proper amount of clear water, and the proportion of the cement and the sand can be changed and physical property parameters of an actual stratum can be adjusted according to the requirements of simulating strata with different permeabilities and porosities. For example: when a high-permeability stratum needs to be simulated, the proportion of the sand is increased.
The shaft liquid injection system is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body 2 and is used for injecting shaft liquid into the cylinder body 2; the formation fluid injection system is connected with one end of the sealing body 3 and is used for injecting formation fluid into the sealing body 3 and simulating the far end of a formation; the other end of the sealing body 3 is communicated with the bottom end of the cylinder body 2; the data acquisition system 1 is respectively connected with the shaft simulation system and the stratum simulation system and used for acquiring simulation data.
In conclusion, in the experimental device of the embodiment, by arranging the vertical cylinder for simulating the shaft and the horizontal sealing body for simulating the stratum, the fluid flow law between the shaft and the stratum under different pressure differences can be simulated; and by changing the mortar filling material in the sealing body, the simulation of the fluid exchange form of strata with different physical properties under the action of pressure difference can be carried out.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a wellbore fluid injection system comprises: a liquid tank 4, a first booster pump 5 and a first valve 6.
The liquid tank 4 is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body 2 sequentially through the first booster pump 5 and the first valve 6, and the pressure in the cylinder body 2 can be adjusted through the first booster pump 5, so that the pressure in a real shaft is simulated. The liquid tank 4 is filled with shaft liquid, and the first booster pump 5 can inject a preset amount of shaft liquid into the cylinder body 2 according to experiment needs, so that the shaft liquid in the cylinder body 2 generates a preset liquid column pressure for simulating working liquid in a shaft.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a formation fluid injection system comprises: a fluid source, a second booster pump 7 and a second valve 8.
The fluid source is connected with one end of the sealing body 3 sequentially through the second booster pump 7 and the second valve 8, and the pressure in the sealing body 3 can be adjusted through the second booster pump 7, so that the pressure of a real stratum is simulated. The fluid source comprises an oil source 14, a gas source 15 and a water source 16 which are mixed to form formation fluid and then are connected with the second booster pump 7 through a three-way valve 17, and the outlets of the oil source 14, the gas source 15 and the water source 16 are separately provided with a fourth valve 18 which is used for controlling the mixing proportion of oil, gas and liquid so as to simulate fluids with different properties.
Preferably, the first booster pump 5 and the second booster pump 7 are constant pressure pumps, which ensure that the first booster pump 5 and the second booster pump 7 inject the wellbore fluid and the formation fluid under constant pressure, and the pressure difference between the bottom end of the cylinder 2 and the formation fluid injection end of the sealing body 3 is always kept at a constant value.
Preferably, the first valve 6 and the second valve 8 are provided as one-way valves in order to prevent the reverse flow of well bore fluid in the barrel 2 to the first booster pump 5 and formation fluid in the seal body 3 to the second booster pump 7.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a third valve 9 is provided between the cylinder 2 and the sealing body 3 for controlling the opening and closing of the cylinder 2 and the sealing body 3.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the upper end of the cylinder 2 is provided with a first pressure measuring unit 10, and the bottom end of the cylinder 2 is provided with a second pressure measuring unit 11, which respectively monitors the pressure at the upper end and the bottom end of the cylinder 2; the sealing body 3 is uniformly provided with a plurality of third pressure measuring units 12 for monitoring the pressure of each part of the sealing body 3, specifically, the sealing body 3 can be provided with a plurality of mounting interfaces of the pressure measuring units as required, the formation fluid in the sealing body 3 can flow to the interface, and the fluid pressure of the position is transmitted to the third pressure measuring units 12. Each pressure measuring unit is connected with the data acquisition system 1, and the data acquisition system 1 can analyze the fluid flowing state between the cylinder body 2 and the sealing body 3 according to the pressure monitored in real time, so as to analyze the fluid flowing state between the shaft and the stratum.
Preferably, the pressure measuring unit is a pressure sensor or a pressure gauge.
In one embodiment, the bottom end of the barrel 2 is provided with a drain pipe, which is provided with a drain valve 13 for controlling the height of the liquid column in the barrel 2, thereby adjusting the pressure at the bottom end of the barrel 2.
In one embodiment, the cylinder 2 comprises a plurality of sections of transparent glass tubes, and the flow state of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the cylinder 2 can be directly observed through the transparent glass tubes, so that the visualization effect is good. Two adjacent sections of transparent glass tubes are fixedly connected through multiple groups of bolt groups and are provided with sealing rings to improve the sealing property. In addition, the transparent glass tube has certain pressure resistance and can bear the pressure generated by the wellbore fluid in a simulation test.
The cross section of the cylinder 2 is round, oval, square, rectangular or diamond. Of course, the cross section of the cylinder 2 is not limited to the above shape, and the specific shape can be adjusted as needed.
In order to facilitate observation of the height of the wellbore fluid in the cylinder 2 and calculation of the height change value of the wellbore fluid during the simulation test, scale marks are marked on the cylinder 2.
The utility model discloses well simulation pit shaft and stratum material experimental apparatus who exchanges's use step as follows:
step 1: the mortar filler in the sealing body 3 is prepared. According to physical parameters of a simulated stratum, cement and sand are mixed according to a certain proportion, clear water is added to the mixture and the mixture is stirred uniformly to prepare a mixture, the mixture is poured into the sealing body 3 and tamped, and after the mixture is solidified, the sealing body 3 is connected to an experimental device.
Step 2: all valves are closed and then the fourth valve 18 at the outlet of the oil source 14, gas source 15 and water source 16 is adjusted according to the nature of the fluid in the simulated formation.
And step 3: the first valve 6, the second valve 8 and the three-way valve 17 are opened, and the first booster pump 5 and the second booster pump 7 are started, so that the shaft fluid is injected into the cylinder body 2, and the formation fluid is injected into the sealing body 3. The first booster pump 5 and the first valve 6 are closed when the pressure monitored by the second pressure measuring unit 11 reaches a first preset pressure, and the second booster pump 7 and the second valve 8 are closed when the pressures monitored by the third pressure measuring units 12 all reach a second preset pressure. The first preset pressure is the simulated liquid column pressure generated by the working fluid in the shaft, the second preset pressure is the simulated fluid pressure in the formation pore space, and the difference value between the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure is delta P.
And 4, step 4: opening a first valve 6, a second valve 8 and a third valve 9, starting a first booster pump 5 and a second booster pump 7, performing biomass exchange between the cylinder body 2 and the fluid in the sealing body 3 under the action of differential pressure delta P, and when the delta P is larger than 0, enabling the wellbore fluid in the cylinder body 2 to enter the sealing body 3 and be mixed with the formation fluid; when ap <0, formation fluid in the seal body 3 will enter the cylinder 2 and mix with the wellbore fluid.
And 5: and (3) observing the numerical value of each pressure measuring unit, observing and recording the volume change of gas phase and liquid phase in the cylinder body 2, closing the first booster pump 5 and the second booster pump 7 and stopping data acquisition after the pressure values monitored by the second pressure measuring unit 11 and the third pressure measuring units 12 are consistent.
Step 6: the data acquisition system 1 performs an analysis based on the monitored pressure data.
When Δ P >0, the amount of wellbore fluid invading the seal body 3 can be calculated.
When Δ P <0, the amount of invasion of the formation fluid into the barrel 2 can be calculated, and the nature of the invading fluid in the barrel 2 can also be analyzed. According to the volume change of the gas phase in the cylinder 2 and the pressure change monitored by the first pressure measuring unit 10, whether gas exists in the invading fluid or not can be judged, and the amount of the gas can be calculated. According to the volume change of the liquid phase in the cylinder 2 and the pressure change monitored by the second pressure measuring unit 11, whether oil exists in the invading fluid or not can be judged, and the oil amount can be calculated.
In view of the above, it is only the specific embodiments of the present invention that other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described embodiments in light of the above teachings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed description is for the purpose of better explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental apparatus for simulating wellbore-to-formation material communication, the experimental apparatus comprising: the system comprises a shaft simulation system, a shaft fluid injection system, a stratum simulation system, a stratum fluid injection system and a data acquisition system;
the shaft simulation system comprises a vertically arranged cylinder body for simulating a shaft;
the stratum simulation system comprises a sealing body which is horizontally arranged and used for simulating a stratum and mortar filling materials filled in the sealing body;
the well bore liquid injection system is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body and is used for injecting well bore liquid into the cylinder body; the formation fluid injection system is connected with one end of the sealing body and is used for injecting formation fluid into the sealing body; the other end of the sealing body is communicated with the bottom end of the cylinder body; the data acquisition system is respectively connected with the shaft simulation system and the stratum simulation system and is used for acquiring simulation data.
2. The experimental apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wellbore fluid injection system comprises: the liquid tank, the first booster pump and the first valve;
the liquid tank is connected with the upper end of the cylinder body sequentially through the first booster pump and the first valve.
3. The experimental apparatus of claim 2, wherein the formation fluid injection system comprises: the fluid source, the second booster pump and the second valve;
and the fluid source is connected with one end of the sealing body sequentially through the second booster pump and the second valve.
4. The experimental apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first and second booster pumps are constant pressure pumps.
5. The assay device of claim 3, wherein the first valve and the second valve are one-way valves.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein a third valve is disposed between the cartridge and the seal.
7. The experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first pressure measuring unit is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, a second pressure measuring unit is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, a plurality of third pressure measuring units are uniformly arranged on the sealing body, and each pressure measuring unit is connected with the data acquisition system.
8. The experimental device of claim 7, wherein the pressure measuring unit is a pressure sensor or a pressure gauge.
9. The experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, and a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe.
10. The assay device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cartridge comprises a plurality of sections of transparent glass tubing;
the cylinder body is marked with scale marks.
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| CN202120630126.2U CN214616504U (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Experimental device for simulating communication between shaft and stratum materials |
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| CN202120630126.2U CN214616504U (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Experimental device for simulating communication between shaft and stratum materials |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112878994A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中石油煤层气有限责任公司 | Experimental device for simulating communication between shaft and stratum materials |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112878994A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中石油煤层气有限责任公司 | Experimental device for simulating communication between shaft and stratum materials |
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