CN214590715U - Charging protection circuit - Google Patents
Charging protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN214590715U CN214590715U CN202120994596.7U CN202120994596U CN214590715U CN 214590715 U CN214590715 U CN 214590715U CN 202120994596 U CN202120994596 U CN 202120994596U CN 214590715 U CN214590715 U CN 214590715U
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- protection circuit
- charging
- overvoltage
- battery
- overvoltage protection
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a charging protection circuit for protect underwater robot's battery and charging plug, charging plug contains the positive pole that charges, the enable of charging, ground protection pin. The charge protection circuit includes: and the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module and the backflow prevention module are sequentially connected between the charging plug and the battery. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection module comprises an overcurrent protection circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit which are connected in series. The input end of the over-current protection circuit is connected with the charging anode, and the output end of the over-current protection circuit is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module; the output end of the backflow prevention module is connected with the positive pole of the battery. The utility model can avoid the battery from burning due to overlarge charging current or overlarge voltage through overcurrent and two-stage overvoltage protection; meanwhile, through the design of the anti-backflow circuit, the damage to the charging plug and the battery caused by the backflow of the current of the battery can be effectively avoided, the damage caused by the reverse connection of the charging plug and the reverse connection of the charging port of the battery can be prevented, and the anti-backflow and anti-reverse connection bidirectional protection functions of the charging circuit are further realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a charging protection technical field, in particular to charging protection circuit.
Background
In the prior art, an internal storage battery of the underwater robot can be directly charged through an external charging interface. The technology can cause the problems of overlarge charging current, overlarge charging voltage, even battery electric energy backflow to the charging interface and the like under the condition of non-standard charging operation or mechanical failure of the charging interface, and can cause battery damage, charging interface damage and even overall damage of the underwater robot in serious cases.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
According to the embodiment of the utility model provides a charging protection circuit for protect underwater robot's battery and charging plug, charging plug contains the anodal pin that charges, the enable pin that charges, ground protection pin.
The charge protection circuit includes: and the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module and the backflow prevention module are sequentially connected between the charging plug and the battery.
The overvoltage and overcurrent protection module comprises an overcurrent protection circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit which are connected in series, the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the charging positive pin of the charging plug, and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module;
the output end of the backflow prevention module is connected with the positive pole of the battery.
Further, the overcurrent protection circuit is a fuse.
Further, the overvoltage protection circuit includes: the input end of the first-stage overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, the input end of the second-stage overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output end of the first-stage overvoltage protection circuit, and the output end of the second-stage overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module.
Further, the primary overvoltage protection circuit comprises: the two ends of the first voltage dependent resistor and the two ends of the first TVS diode are respectively grounded and connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
Further, second grade overvoltage crowbar contains the inductance of series-parallel connection, second piezo-resistor and second TVS diode are parallelly connected the back and are established ties with the inductance, the input of inductance links to each other with one-level overvoltage crowbar's output, the output of inductance links to each other with the one end of second piezo-resistor and second TVS diode, the other end ground connection of second piezo-resistor and second TVS diode, the output of inductance is second grade overvoltage crowbar's output, also is overvoltage crowbar's output.
Further, the backflow prevention module comprises: the circuit comprises a triode, a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a voltage division circuit, a first threshold resistor and a second threshold resistor;
the base electrode of the triode is connected with the charging enabling pin of the charging plug through a voltage division circuit, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, the collector electrode of the triode is respectively connected with the source electrodes of the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube through a first threshold resistor, and is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube through a second threshold resistor;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit, and the drain electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the anode of the battery.
Further, the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are low internal resistance PMOS tubes.
Further, the internal resistance of the cut-off region of the triode is larger than the resistance value of the first threshold resistor.
Further, the first threshold resistor and the second threshold resistor have the same resistance.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and the charging indication module comprises a voltage calibration resistor and a light-emitting diode which are connected in series, two ends of the voltage calibration resistor are respectively connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode is grounded.
According to the charging protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model, through overcurrent and two-stage overvoltage protection, the battery can be prevented from being burnt due to overlarge charging current or overlarge voltage; meanwhile, through the design of the anti-backflow circuit, the damage to the charging plug and the battery caused by the backflow of the current of the battery can be effectively avoided, the damage caused by the reverse connection of the charging plug and the reverse connection of the charging port of the battery can be prevented, and the anti-backflow and anti-reverse connection bidirectional protection functions of the charging circuit are further realized.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed technology.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
First, a charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1, for protecting the charging of the underwater robot, both protecting the battery of the underwater robot and protecting the charging plug thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the charging protection circuit of the embodiment of the present invention has an overvoltage/overcurrent protection module 1 and a backflow prevention module 2 sequentially connected between a charging plug CN1 and a battery CN2, wherein the charging plug CN1 includes a charging positive electrode pin, a charging enable pin, and a ground protection pin; the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module 1 comprises an overcurrent protection circuit 11 and an overvoltage protection circuit 12 which are connected in series, the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit 11 is connected with the charging positive electrode pin of a charging plug CN1, and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 12 is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module 2; the output end of the backflow prevention module 2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery CN 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the overcurrent protection circuit 11 selects a fuse F, and the fuse F is connected in series between the charging plug CN1 and the overvoltage protection circuit 12, so that overcurrent can be quickly and effectively cut off, the cost is low, the performance is reliable, and the charging plug CN1, the overvoltage protection circuit 12, the backflow prevention module 2, and the battery CN2 are prevented from being attacked by overcurrent.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the overvoltage protection circuit 12 includes: the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a primary overvoltage protection circuit 121 and a secondary overvoltage protection circuit 122 which are connected in series, wherein the input end of the primary overvoltage protection circuit 121 is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit 11, the input end of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit 122 is connected with the output end of the primary overvoltage protection circuit 121, and the output end of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit 122 is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the primary overvoltage protection circuit 121 includes: the two ends of the first voltage dependent resistor R1 and the first TVS diode D1, the two ends of the first voltage dependent resistor R1 and the first TVS diode D1 are respectively grounded and connected with the output end of the over-current protection circuit 11, i.e. the fuse F.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the secondary overvoltage protection circuit 122 includes an inductor L, a second voltage dependent resistor R2 and a second TVS diode D2 connected in series, where the second voltage dependent resistor R2 and the second TVS diode D2 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the inductor L. The input end of the inductor L is connected to the output end of the primary overvoltage protection circuit 121, the output end of the inductor L is connected to one end of the second voltage dependent resistor R2 and one end of the second TVS diode D2 which are connected in parallel, the other ends of the second voltage dependent resistor R2 and the second TVS diode D2 are grounded, and the output end of the inductor L is the output end of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit 122, that is, the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 12. In the present embodiment, the first TVS diode D1 and the second TVS diode D2 are bipolar TVS diodes, i.e., Transient voltage suppression diodes (TVS diodes).
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the backflow prevention module 2 includes: the circuit comprises a triode Q1, a first MOS tube Q2, a second MOS tube Q3, a voltage division circuit, a first threshold resistor R5 and a second threshold resistor R6.
As shown in fig. 1, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the charging enable pin of the charging plug CN1 through a voltage divider circuit, the voltage divider circuit is a first voltage dividing resistor R3 and a second voltage dividing resistor R4 which are connected in series, the first voltage dividing resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 12, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 is grounded, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the connection terminals of the first voltage dividing resistor R3 and the second voltage dividing resistor R4, and the charging enable voltage can be adjusted according to different resistance configurations of the first voltage dividing resistor R3 and the second voltage dividing resistor R4; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the sources of the first MOS transistor Q2 and the second MOS transistor Q3 through a first threshold resistor R5, and is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor Q3 through a second threshold resistor R6. In the present embodiment, the first threshold resistor R5 and the second threshold resistor R6 have similar resistance values, and preferably have the same resistance value.
As shown in fig. 1, the source of the first MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the source of the second MOS transistor Q3, the drain of the first MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 12, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery CN 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the first MOS transistor Q2 and the second MOS transistor Q3 are low internal resistance PMOS transistors, the transistor Q1 is an NPN type transistor, and further, the internal resistance of the cut-off region of the transistor Q1 is much larger than the resistance of the first threshold resistor R5.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the charging protection circuit of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: the charging indication module 3, the charging indication module 3 is connected between the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module 1 and the backflow prevention module 2, and is used for charging indication, overcurrent and overvoltage protection by the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module 1, and backflow prevention protection by the backflow prevention module 2. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the charging indication module 3 includes a voltage calibration resistor R7 and a light emitting diode LED connected in series, two ends of the voltage calibration resistor R7 are respectively connected to an anode of the light emitting diode LED and an output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 12, and a cathode of the light emitting diode LED is grounded.
When overcurrent occurs, the fuse F acts to cut off the overcurrent; when a small overvoltage is generated, the internal resistances of the first voltage dependent resistor R1 and the first TVS diode D1 of the primary overvoltage protection circuit 121 are sharply reduced, so that the excessive voltage energy is discharged and prevented from being transmitted backwards; when a large overvoltage occurs, the inductor L of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit 122 cannot pull down the voltage to a reasonable range and cannot play a role of choke, so that the second voltage dependent resistor R2 and the second TVS diode D2 act to further discharge the excessive energy; when the voltage energy is too large, the large current acting on the first voltage-dependent resistor R1 and the second voltage-dependent resistor R2 can exceed the range which can be borne by the fuse F, and the fuse F acts to cut off the whole fuse to realize protection.
When the reverse flow prevention module 2 has a forward voltage input, the body diode of the first MOS transistor Q2 is preferentially turned on, and the voltage division circuit divides the voltage to turn on the transistor Q1, so that the first MOS transistor Q2 is completely turned on. At this time, the transistor Q1, the first threshold resistor R5 and the second threshold resistor R6 pull down the gate voltage of the second MOS transistor Q3 together, and the second MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, thereby realizing conventional charging. In the process, the current flowing through the resistor and the triode is extremely small and negligible, and the first MOS tube Q2 and the second MOS tube Q3 are low-internal-resistance MOS tubes, so that the internal resistance is extremely low, and the requirement that the energy loss is small when the circuit is normally used is met.
When no voltage is input into the anti-backflow module 2, the body diode of the second MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, so that the source electrode of the first MOS transistor Q2 is connected with the power, but the voltage division circuit turns off the triode Q1, and since the internal resistance of the triode Q1 is far greater than the first threshold resistor R5, the first MOS transistor Q2 is turned off, and current cannot flow outwards, so that the function of preventing the current from flowing backwards to the charging connector is realized.
When the charging port of the charging plug CN1 or the battery CN2 is connected reversely, the voltage of the reverse-flow prevention module 2 is reversed, the body diode of the first MOS transistor Q2 is cut off, the gate voltage of the first MOS transistor Q2 is higher than the drain and the source, the first MOS transistor Q2 cannot be conducted, and the charging plug CN1 and the battery CN2 are disconnected, so that the reverse-connection prevention protection function of the charging port of the charging plug CN1 and the battery CN2 is realized.
In the above, with reference to fig. 1, the charging protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention is described, and through overcurrent and two-stage overvoltage protection, the battery can be prevented from being burnt due to too large charging current or too large voltage; meanwhile, through the design of the anti-backflow circuit, the damage to the charging plug and the battery caused by the backflow of the current of the battery can be effectively avoided, the damage caused by the reverse connection of the charging plug and the reverse connection of the charging port of the battery can be prevented, and the anti-backflow and anti-reverse connection bidirectional protection functions of the charging circuit are further realized.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the present invention. Numerous modifications and alterations to the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. A charging protection circuit is used for protecting a battery and a charging plug of an underwater robot, wherein the charging plug comprises a charging anode pin, a charging enabling pin and a ground protection pin;
the charging protection circuit is characterized by comprising: the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module and the backflow prevention module are sequentially connected between the charging plug and the battery;
the overvoltage and overcurrent protection module comprises an overcurrent protection circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit which are connected in series, the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the charging positive pin of the charging plug, and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module;
the output end of the backflow prevention module is connected with the positive electrode of the battery.
2. The charge protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the over-current protection circuit is a fuse.
3. The charge protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the over-voltage protection circuit comprises: the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a primary overvoltage protection circuit and a secondary overvoltage protection circuit which are connected in series, wherein the input end of the primary overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, the input end of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output end of the primary overvoltage protection circuit, and the output end of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the input end of the backflow prevention module.
4. The charge protection circuit of claim 3, wherein said primary overvoltage protection circuit comprises: the overcurrent protection circuit comprises a first voltage dependent resistor and a first TVS diode which are connected in parallel, wherein two ends of the first voltage dependent resistor and two ends of the first TVS diode are respectively grounded and connected with an output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
5. The charging protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the secondary overvoltage protection circuit comprises a series-parallel inductor, a second voltage dependent resistor and a second TVS diode, the second voltage dependent resistor and the second TVS diode are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the inductor, the input terminal of the inductor is connected to the output terminal of the primary overvoltage protection circuit, the output terminal of the inductor is connected to one end of the second voltage dependent resistor and one end of the second TVS diode, the other end of the second voltage dependent resistor and the other end of the second TVS diode are grounded, and the output terminal of the inductor is the output terminal of the secondary overvoltage protection circuit and is also the output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit.
6. The charging protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the backflow prevention module comprises: the circuit comprises a triode, a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a voltage division circuit, a first threshold resistor and a second threshold resistor;
the base electrode of the triode is connected with the charging enabling pin of the charging plug through the voltage division circuit, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, the collector electrode of the triode is respectively connected with the source electrodes of the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube through a first threshold resistor, and is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube through a second threshold resistor;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit, and the drain electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the anode of the battery.
7. The charge protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the first MOS transistor and the second MOS transistor are low internal resistance PMOS transistors.
8. The charge protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the off-region internal resistance of said transistor is greater than the resistance of said first threshold resistor.
9. The charge protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the first threshold resistance and the second threshold resistance are equal in value.
10. The charge protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising: the charging indication module comprises a voltage calibration resistor and a light-emitting diode which are connected in series, two ends of the voltage calibration resistor are respectively connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode is grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120994596.7U CN214590715U (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Charging protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120994596.7U CN214590715U (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Charging protection circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214590715U true CN214590715U (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120994596.7U Active CN214590715U (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Charging protection circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214590715U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202120994596.7U patent/CN214590715U/en active Active
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