CN214496132U - Efficient fermentation device for straw organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Efficient fermentation device for straw organic fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN214496132U
CN214496132U CN202021855108.6U CN202021855108U CN214496132U CN 214496132 U CN214496132 U CN 214496132U CN 202021855108 U CN202021855108 U CN 202021855108U CN 214496132 U CN214496132 U CN 214496132U
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fermentation
fermentation chamber
straw
isolation layer
organic fertilizer
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CN202021855108.6U
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王翔
赵建荣
杨洪杏
邹长明
王淑娟
杨海蓉
李顶
周椿富
曹胜飞
刘东旭
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Anhui Jumancang Ecological Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui Jumancang Ecological Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Anhui University of Science and Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency fermentation device of straw organic fertilizer, which divides an upper fermentation chamber and a lower fermentation chamber by a horizontal clapboard in a closed fermentation tank, wherein the middle part of the clapboard is provided with a through hole which is communicated up and down, and a longitudinal isolation ring is arranged above the through hole in the upper fermentation chamber; a stirring device is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the left side of each fermentation chamber at the same horizontal position, a stirring device is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the right side at the same horizontal position, and the stirring devices at the left side and the right side of the same fermentation chamber have height difference; the top of the left side of each fermentation chamber is provided with a straw crushing material inlet, the top of the right side is provided with an auxiliary material inlet, and the bottom of the right side is a discharge hole. The device has simple structure, and can be used for aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation; can satisfy the temperature and humidity requirement during straw fermentation, be aided with agitating unit's operation, can accelerate the process of straw fermentation greatly, the fermentation is complete, and it is little to occupy the place, easily promotes.

Description

Efficient fermentation device for straw organic fertilizer
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fertilizer production facility technical field specifically relates to a high-efficient fermenting installation of straw fertilizer.
Background
The organic fertilizer is mainly derived from plants and/or animals, and is a carbon-containing material which is applied to soil to provide plant nutrition as a main function. The fertilizer is prepared from biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, eliminates toxic and harmful substances in the fertilizer, and is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances including various organic acids, peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The fertilizer not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil organic matters, promote microbial propagation, improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of soil, and is a main nutrient for green food production.
The organic fertilizer is various in types, the straw is one of important raw material sources, the straw is used for producing the organic fertilizer, the green waste of the straw can be applied to the maximum extent, the air pollution problem caused by burning can be prevented, and the organic fertilizer is more scientific and environment-friendly. Wherein, the fermentation is the important link in the straw fertilizer production process, modern agriculture still uses open-air piling mostly, the mode of retting is fermented, this kind of fermentation process goes on under normal atmospheric temperature and pressure, need turn over the process of piling in order to accelerate oxidative fermentation through manpower or mechanical assistance during the fermentation, not only the human cost is high, and the fermentation speed is slow, the production efficiency is low, the condition that the fermentation is not enough to influence the fertilizer efficiency often appears, and simultaneously, because the fermentation cycle of this kind of mode is longer, the fermentation of last season crop straw often can not catch up with going on of next season field seeding, can only use at intervals or every year, the place occupies greatly, the recruitment is with high costs, be difficult to the utilization of popularizing.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a high-efficiency straw fermentation device capable of accelerating the fermentation process to assist the production of organic fertilizer, which can not only solve the problem of green pollution of straw, but also is beneficial to the growth of crops.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the problems, the utility model aims at providing a straw organic fertilizer high-efficiency fermentation device which has simple structure and can be used for aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation; the device can satisfy the temperature and humidity requirement during straw fermentation, is aided with agitating unit's function, can accelerate the process of straw fermentation greatly, shortens the fermentation cycle when fermenting completely, and it is little to occupy the place, easily promotes.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model discloses a high-efficient fermenting installation of straw fertilizer, separate out two fermentation chambers with the horizontally baffle in sealing the fermentation cylinder, be respectively for going up the fermentation chamber and going down the fermentation chamber, the perforating hole that link up about being equipped with one at the middle part of baffle, be equipped with a fore-and-aft isolating ring in the top of perforating hole in last fermentation chamber, in the indoor same horizontal position in left side of every fermentation preceding, back both ends are equipped with an agitating unit respectively, the same horizontal position in right side is preceding, back both ends are equipped with an agitating unit respectively and in the same fermentation chamber left side, there is the difference in height at the agitating unit of right side both sides, be equipped with straw crushed aggregates import at the left side top of every fermentation chamber, the right side top is equipped with the auxiliary material import, the right side bottom is the discharge gate.
Furthermore, the top of the upper fermentation chamber is a top plate isolation layer, the top plate isolation layer and the partition plate are both of a hollow structure, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom surfaces of the top plate isolation layer and the partition plate, the right side of the top plate isolation layer and the right side of the partition plate are connected with an air duct, the air duct is connected with two air branch circuits which are respectively an air inlet branch circuit and an air outlet branch circuit, the end part of the air outlet branch circuit is connected with a vacuum pump, and the end part of the air inlet branch circuit is connected with an air pump.
Furthermore, an electronic valve is arranged on the air inlet branch, an air filter is arranged between the electronic valve and the air pump, and an air heating device is arranged at one end of the air inlet branch, which is close to the ventilation pipeline.
Furthermore, a plurality of spraying devices are arranged at the bottoms of the top plate isolation layer and the partition plate.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged on the rear side wall surface of the upper fermentation chamber.
Furthermore, an infrared monitor is arranged at the position, which is 10-15cm below the top plate isolation layer, of the left end of the upper fermentation chamber, an infrared monitor is also arranged at the position, which is 10-15cm below the partition plate, of the left end of the lower fermentation chamber, and the distance between the top of the isolation ring and the top plate isolation layer is smaller than the distance between the infrared monitor and the top plate isolation layer in the upper fermentation chamber.
Furthermore, the stirring device comprises a rotating shaft and helical blades arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, a plurality of connecting rods are also connected to the rotating shaft in a staggered manner, and stirring blocks are arranged at the end parts, far away from the rotating shaft, of the connecting rods; the outer end parts of all the stirring devices positioned on the left side in the two fermentation chambers are connected with the output end of the same motor through a belt and a belt pulley, and the outer end parts of all the stirring devices positioned on the right side are also connected with the output end of the other motor through a belt and a belt pulley.
Further, all electric elements that relate to in the utility model all with total controller electric connection.
Furthermore, sealing covers are arranged on the straw crushed material inlet, the auxiliary material inlet and the discharge hole.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the high-efficiency fermentation device disclosed by the utility model has simple structure, can be used for the aerobic fermentation of straws and can also carry out the anaerobic fermentation of straws;
2. the temperature and the humidity in the closed fermentation tank can be controlled from the outside, and the temperature and the humidity requirements required by straw fermentation are always met;
3. the stirring and turning efficiency of the stirring device is high, the later-stage fermentation process of the straws can be accelerated, the fermentation is complete, the fertilizer efficiency of the produced organic fertilizer is ensured to reach the standard, and the growth of crops is facilitated;
4. compared with the fermentation mode of normal temperature open-air stacking and retting, the method saves the field, has low labor cost and is easy to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-efficiency fermentation device for straw organic fertilizer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the internal structure of an upper fermentation chamber of the efficient straw organic fertilizer fermentation device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a partition plate of the efficient straw organic fertilizer fermentation device.
The device comprises a closed fermentation tank, a partition plate, an upper fermentation chamber, a lower fermentation chamber, a through hole, a 6 isolation ring, a 7 stirring device, an 8 straw crushing material inlet, an 9 auxiliary material inlet, a 10 top plate isolation layer, an 11 exhaust hole, a 12 ventilation pipeline, a 13 vacuum pump, a 14 air pump, an 15 electronic valve, a 16 air filter, a 17 gas heating device, an 18 spraying device, a 19 temperature sensor, a 20 humidity sensor, an 21 infrared monitor, a 22 rotating shaft, a 23 helical blade, a 24 connecting rod, a 25 stirring block and a 26 motor, wherein the closed fermentation tank is arranged in the closed fermentation tank, the partition plate is arranged on the closed fermentation tank, the 3 fermentation chamber is arranged on the closed fermentation chamber, the 4 fermentation chamber is arranged on the lower fermentation chamber, the 5 through hole is formed in the closed fermentation tank, the 6 isolation ring is arranged on the closed fermentation tank, the 7 stirring device, the 8 straw crushing material inlet, the 9 auxiliary material inlet, the 10 top plate isolation layer is arranged on the top plate isolation layer, the 11 exhaust hole, the 12 ventilation pipeline, the 17 vacuum pump, the 17 gas heating device, the 18 spraying device, the temperature sensor, the 20 humidity sensor, the 20 infrared monitor, the 24 helical blade, the 24 connecting rod, the 25 stirring block, the stirring block, and the motor are arranged on the closed fermentation tank, and the closed fermentation tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
It should be noted that the embodiment provided by the present invention is only for the effective explanation of the technical features of the present invention, and the positioning words such as the left side, the right side, the upper end, the lower end, etc. are only for the purpose of better describing the embodiment of the present invention, which cannot be regarded as the limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the utility model discloses a high-efficient fermenting installation of straw fertilizer, separate two fermentation chambers with 2 partitions of horizontally baffle in sealing fermentation cylinder 1, be fermentation chamber 3 and lower fermentation chamber 4 respectively, the perforating hole 5 that link up about being equipped with one at the middle part of baffle 2, be equipped with a fore-and-aft isolating ring 6 in the top of last fermentation chamber 3 internal perforating hole 5, in the front of every fermentation chamber left same horizontal position, back both ends are equipped with an agitating unit 7 respectively, the same horizontal position in right side is preceding, back both ends are equipped with an agitating unit 7 respectively and same fermentation chamber in a left side, the agitating unit 7 of right side both sides has the difference in height, left side top at every fermentation chamber is equipped with straw crushed aggregates import 8, the right side top is equipped with auxiliary material import 9, the right side bottom is the discharge gate.
Be roof isolation layer 10 at the top of last fermentation chamber 3, roof isolation layer 10 all is hollow structure with the inside of baffle 2, all is equipped with several exhaust hole 11 on the bottom surface of roof isolation layer 10 and baffle 2, and the right side of roof isolation layer 10 and baffle 2 meets with vent pipe 12, vent pipe 12 connects two gas branch roads, is air inlet branch road and exhaust branch road respectively, at the end connection vacuum pump 13 of exhaust branch road, at air inlet branch road's end connection air pump 14.
An electronic valve 15 is arranged on the air inlet branch, an air filter 16 is arranged between the electronic valve 15 and the air pump 14, a gas heating device 17 is arranged at one end of the air inlet branch close to the ventilation pipeline 12, the electronic valve 15 and the air pump 14 are opened when aerobic fermentation is carried out, the vacuum pump 13 is closed, and the vacuum pump 13 is opened and the air pump 14 is closed when anaerobic fermentation is carried out.
A plurality of spraying devices 18 are arranged at the bottom of the top plate isolation layer 10 and the bottom of the isolation plate 2 and are used for humidifying the fermentation raw materials.
A temperature sensor 19 and a humidity sensor 20 are provided on the rear wall surface of the upper fermenting chamber 3.
An infrared monitor 21 is arranged at the position, which is 10-15cm below the top plate isolation layer, of the left end of the upper fermentation chamber 3, an infrared monitor 21 is also arranged at the position, which is 10-15cm below the partition plate 2, of the left end of the lower fermentation chamber 4, the infrared monitor 21 is used for detecting the amount of raw materials in the fermentation chamber, when the top surface of the raw materials reaches the position of the infrared monitor 21, the infrared monitor 21 gives an alarm, feeding is stopped at the moment, and the distance between the top of the isolation ring 6 and the top plate isolation layer 10 is smaller than the distance between the infrared monitor 21 and the top plate isolation layer 10 in the upper fermentation chamber 3;
the purpose of designing isolating ring 6 and perforating hole 5 is to make upper and lower fermentation chamber communicate with each other, guarantee that temperature and humidity level in it are the same, easily overall regulation, because the height of isolating ring 6 is higher than the raw materials height, the raw materials in upper fermentation chamber 3 can not fall into lower fermentation chamber 4 from perforating hole 5, avoid the interior too much exhaust hole 11 that blocks up baffle 2 bottom of raw materials of lower fermentation chamber 4, influence going on of follow-up fermentation procedure.
The stirring device 7 comprises a rotating shaft 22 and helical blades 23 arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 22, a plurality of connecting rods 24 are connected to the rotating shaft 22 in a staggered manner, stirring blocks 25 are arranged at the end parts, far away from the rotating shaft 22, of the connecting rods 24, the main body of the stirring device 7 is similar to a screw conveyer, in the rotating process, the stirring device 7 on the left side can drive the fermentation materials to move rightwards, the stirring device 7 on the right side can drive the fermentation materials to move leftwards, the stirring of the stirring blocks 25 is assisted, so that the pile turning efficiency is remarkably improved, the materials are stirred and mixed more thoroughly, and the later-stage fermentation and thorough acceleration are facilitated;
the outer end parts of all the stirring devices 7 positioned on the left side in the two fermentation chambers are connected with the output end of the same motor 26 through a belt and a belt pulley, the outer end parts of all the stirring devices 7 positioned on the right side are also connected with the output end of the other motor 26 through a belt and a belt pulley, all the stirring devices 7 only need two motors 26 to provide power, the energy consumption is low, and the power resources are saved.
The utility model discloses all electric elements that relate to in all with total controller electric connection.
Sealing covers are arranged on the straw crushed material inlet, the auxiliary material inlet and the discharge port.
Taking aerobic fermentation as an example, the specific implementation mode is as follows: at first throw into fermentation chamber 3 and lower fermentation chamber 4 respectively from straw crushing material import 8 with the up-to-standard straw crushing material of granularity, with fast rotting microbial inoculum, poultry excrement and urine, urea, during auxiliary materials such as saccharomycetes drops into the fermentation chamber from auxiliary materials import 9, utilize infrared monitor 21 to monitor raw materials height, when the top surface of fermentation raw materials is located same horizontal position with infrared monitor 21, infrared monitor 21 sends alarm signal to total controller promptly, stop reinforced this moment, this design can guarantee fermentation raw materials top surface and 11 spaced apart certain distances in exhaust hole, guarantee that exhaust hole 11 can normally ventilate, the utility model discloses an so design two-layer fermentation chamber, main mesh also can increase the area of contact of fermentation raw materials and air, the process of fermentation with higher speed, agitating unit 7's stirring efficiency also can promote by a wide margin.
After the raw materials are added, firstly, the temperature and humidity in the equipment are obtained from data fed back to a master controller by a temperature sensor 19 and a humidity sensor 20, when the temperature is insufficient, a gas heating device 17 and an air pump 14 are started, high-temperature gas is injected into a fermentation chamber to heat the interior of the equipment, when the humidity does not reach the standard, a spraying device 18 is started to spray water to the raw materials, when the temperature and the humidity both reach the fermentation standard, the gas heating device 17 and the spraying device 18 are closed, and initial fermentation is started.
After the initial fermentation for 1-2 days, the motor 26 is started to drive the stirring device 7 to rotate to turn over the fermented materials, so that raw materials with undegraded surfaces can be turned into the interior to be further decomposed, the fermentation is carried out for 1-2 days, a certain amount of decomposed materials are taken out from a discharge hole, the materials are black or black brown, the materials are broken when being slightly kneaded and become soft blocks capable of being dissolved in water, the decomposition is finished, and if the requirements are not met, the fermentation can be carried out for about 1 day.
And then drying and granulating the well-decomposed materials, and bagging and packaging.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. However, the above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and other embodiments that can be derived by any person skilled in the art without departing from the technical solution of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The efficient fermentation device for the straw organic fertilizer is characterized in that a horizontal partition plate (2) is used for separating two fermentation chambers, namely an upper fermentation chamber (3) and a lower fermentation chamber (4), in a closed fermentation tank (1), a through hole (5) which is communicated up and down is formed in the middle of the partition plate (2), and a longitudinal isolation ring (6) is arranged above the through hole (5) in the upper fermentation chamber (3); a stirring device (7) is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the same horizontal position at the left side in each fermentation chamber, a stirring device (7) is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the same horizontal position at the right side in each fermentation chamber, and the stirring devices (7) at the left side and the right side in the same fermentation chamber have height difference; the top of the left side of each fermentation chamber is provided with a straw crushing material inlet (8), the top of the right side is provided with an auxiliary material inlet (9), and the bottom of the right side is a discharge hole;
be roof isolation layer (10) at the top of last fermentation chamber (3), roof isolation layer (10) all are hollow structure with the inside of baffle (2), all are equipped with several exhaust hole (11) on the bottom surface of roof isolation layer (10) and baffle (2), and roof isolation layer (10) meet with vent pipe (12) with the right side of baffle (2), two gas branch roads are connected in vent pipe (12), are inlet branch road and exhaust branch road respectively, at the end connection vacuum pump (13) of exhaust branch road, at end connection air pump (14) of inlet branch road.
2. The straw organic fertilizer high-efficiency fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electronic valve (15) is arranged on the air inlet branch, an air filter (16) is arranged between the electronic valve (15) and the air pump (14), and an air heating device (17) is arranged at one end of the air inlet branch, which is close to the ventilation pipeline (12).
3. The straw organic fertilizer efficient fermentation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of spraying devices (18) are arranged at the bottom of the top plate isolation layer (10) and the bottom of the partition plate (2).
4. The efficient fermentation device for the straw organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein a temperature sensor (19) and a humidity sensor (20) are arranged on the rear side wall surface of the upper fermentation chamber (3).
5. The straw organic fertilizer efficient fermentation device as claimed in claim 4, wherein an infrared monitor (21) is arranged at a position 10-15cm below the top plate isolation layer at the left end of the upper fermentation chamber (3), an infrared monitor (21) is also arranged at a position 10-15cm below the partition plate (2) at the left end of the lower fermentation chamber (4), and the distance between the top of the isolation ring (6) and the top plate isolation layer (10) is smaller than the distance between the infrared monitor (21) in the upper fermentation chamber (3) and the top plate isolation layer (10).
6. The straw organic fertilizer efficient fermentation device according to claim 5, wherein the stirring device (7) comprises a rotating shaft (22) and helical blades (23) arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft (22), a plurality of connecting rods (24) are alternately connected to the rotating shaft (22), and stirring blocks (25) are arranged at the ends, far away from the rotating shaft (22), of the connecting rods (24); the outer end parts of all the stirring devices (7) positioned on the left side in the two fermentation chambers are connected with the output end of the same motor (26) through a belt and a belt pulley, and the outer end parts of all the stirring devices (7) positioned on the right side are also connected with the output end of the other motor (26) through a belt and a belt pulley.
CN202021855108.6U 2020-08-31 2020-08-31 Efficient fermentation device for straw organic fertilizer Active CN214496132U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115010525A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-06 安徽科技学院 Organic fertilizer composting treatment box and intelligent composting system thereof
CN115304411A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-08 北京贵清科技有限公司 Preparation method and device of quick-acting organic fertilizer with heavy metal pollution remediation function

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115010525A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-06 安徽科技学院 Organic fertilizer composting treatment box and intelligent composting system thereof
CN115304411A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-08 北京贵清科技有限公司 Preparation method and device of quick-acting organic fertilizer with heavy metal pollution remediation function

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