CN214460130U - Composite ecological slope protection suitable for narrow space - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite ecological slope protection suitable for narrow space, which comprises a U-shaped channel and is formed by connecting a plurality of first precast blocks and second precast blocks which are alternately laid, wherein the first precast blocks and the second precast blocks are provided with first water and soil exchange holes, and a second water and soil exchange hole is arranged between two adjacent first precast blocks and second precast blocks; the water permeable protection component is provided with a first water permeable unit and a second water permeable unit, and the first water permeable unit is paved between the bottom of the U-shaped channel and the soil body; and the ecological slope protection structure comprises ecological slope protection arranged on each slope of the U-shaped channel, and each ecological slope protection is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of soil fixing units according to staggered platforms. The permeable protection component of the utility model forms a primary protection with the U-shaped channel; the ecological slope protection with the ladder-shaped structure forms secondary protection, so that the soil fixing effect is improved, and the stability is good; the ecological slope protection is of a step-shaped structure, is matched with the U-shaped channel, effectively reduces the occupied area of two banks, and is particularly suitable for construction of ditches or canals in narrow spaces.

Description

Composite ecological slope protection suitable for narrow space

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ecological bank protection especially relates to a be suitable for compound ecological bank protection in narrow and small space.

Background

In the modern urbanization process, the population quantity sharply increases, particularly in the dense population building areas, the boundary space of a canal (or a ditch) is continuously occupied, and the canal always needs to drain stagnant water and remove silt, so that the canal (or the ditch) which originally has the water source conservation function is gradually narrowed, and the canal flood area disappears. Meanwhile, the river channel is more and more steep, so that the water body rapidly flows to the main river channel, and the flood storage and retention function of the river channel is reduced. Therefore, ecological slope protection is designed on both sides of the canal so as to achieve the purposes of flood control, water and soil loss prevention and simultaneously give consideration to environmental greening and landscape.

The existing river and canal ecological slope protection is usually constructed in a field building mode, and turf is planted on a slope after building is completed to form the ecological slope protection. The ecological slope protection often has the following technical problems:

firstly, a large amount of earthwork excavation is often accompanied in the construction process, so that not only can a large construction space be required to meet the construction requirement and the construction requirement of a small-space canal is difficult to meet, but also the construction cost is high and the construction cost is increased; meanwhile, the construction needs to be carried out on site, the construction workload is large, the construction period is long, and the construction efficiency is low;

secondly, the existing ecological slope protection cannot exchange water and soil with water in a canal, namely the water and soil exchange is insufficient, the growth requirements of plants are difficult to meet, the landscape effect is poor, the soil fixing effect is poor, soil loss is caused after rain wash and rainwater infiltration, and particularly the water and soil loss is more serious when the slope protection is subjected to rain wash at the initial stage;

in order to achieve the greening effect, holes are usually formed in the hard building blocks during construction, and due to the fact that soil fixing measures are lacked at the hole parts, soil erosion and water loss of a soil body after wall forming are eliminated, and potential safety hazards exist;

moreover, the water conservancy ecological slope protection often needs to be put into gentle slope, often makes the not enough river canal section in space (or irrigation canals) upright stereoplasm barricade or pile foundation permanent support when being under construction, causes the river (ditch) canal stereoplasm, rectilineation, ecological and view to lack.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the utility model provides a be suitable for compound ecological bank protection in narrow and small space.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

the utility model discloses a compound ecological bank protection suitable for narrow and small space, U-shaped channel, by the first prefabricated section and the second prefabricated section connection that the polylith laid alternately, first prefabricated section and second prefabricated section all have first soil and water exchange hole, and have second soil and water exchange hole between two adjacent first prefabricated sections and second prefabricated section;

the water permeable protection component is provided with a first water permeable unit and two second water permeable units, the first water permeable unit is laid between the bottom of the U-shaped channel and the soil body, and one second water permeable unit is arranged between each back water surface of the U-shaped channel and the soil body; and

ecological slope protection structure, certainly the top slope of U-shaped channel outwards extends, ecological slope protection structure is including setting up the ecological bank protection on every slope of U-shaped channel, and every ecological bank protection is by the multilayer solid native unit according to the overlap joint of staggering the platform from bottom to top in order and forms.

In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the height of each layer of soil fixing unit is 0.4-0.6 m, and the slab staggering width of each layer of soil fixing unit is 0.5-0.8 m, so that the slope of each ecological slope protection is less than or equal to 1: 1.2.

In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the top elevation of the ecological bank protection is higher than the flood protection water level and lower than the bank side, and the slope of the slope above the ecological bank protection is less than or equal to 1: 2.

In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the near-water surface of the soil fixing unit located at the lowermost layer and the U-shaped channel is 0.5m to 1.0 m.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first precast block and the second precast block have the same structure, and both include:

each U-shaped groove is provided with a bottom plate, a first side wall and a second side wall, the two U-shaped grooves are arranged at intervals, and a first water and soil exchange hole is formed in a gap between the two U-shaped grooves;

the upper connecting unit is provided with a pair of upper connecting beams arranged along the river flow direction, wherein one upper connecting beam is poured on the tops of the two first side walls, and the other upper connecting beam is poured on the tops of the two second side walls; and

and a lower connection unit having a pair of lower connection beams in a river direction, one of the lower connection beams being cast under the two first side walls, and the other lower connection beam being cast under the two second side walls.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the first prefabricated sections is provided with an axillary angle at a corner of the U-shaped groove and at a corner of each U-shaped groove of the second prefabricated section.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lengths of the upper connection beam and the lower connection beam of the first prefabricated section are the same, and the cantilever lengths at both ends of the upper connection beam of the first prefabricated section are equal to the cantilever lengths at both ends of the lower connection beam thereof; the length of the upper connecting beam of the second precast block is the same as that of the lower connecting beam of the second precast block, and the length of the cantilever at the two ends of the upper connecting beam of the second precast block is equal to that of the cantilever at the two ends of the lower connecting beam of the second precast block, so that the second water and soil exchange hole is formed between the first precast block and the second precast block.

In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first soil-water exchange hole and the second soil-water exchange hole have the same width along the river direction, so that not only the soil-water exchange between the water body and the soil body is realized, but also the appearance structure of the U-shaped channel is uniform; and a gravel filling layer is arranged in each of the first water-soil exchange hole and the second water-soil exchange hole, so that the water flow scouring resistance is improved.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first prefabricated section further includes a first connection unit including an upper groove formed in both end surfaces of each upper connection beam of the first prefabricated section and a lower groove formed in both end surfaces of each lower connection beam of the first prefabricated section;

the second precast block also comprises a second connecting unit, wherein the second connecting unit comprises upper bosses arranged on two end surfaces of each upper connecting beam of the second precast block and lower bosses arranged on two end surfaces of each lower connecting beam of the second precast block;

the upper bosses are clamped in the upper grooves, and the lower bosses are clamped in the lower grooves, so that the first precast blocks and the second precast blocks are sequentially connected in a meshing manner, and the overall stability of the U-shaped channel is improved. More preferably, the upper groove and the lower groove are trapezoidal grooves (depth is 0.05 m) with the same structure, and the upper boss and the lower boss are trapezoidal bosses (thickness is 0.05 m) with the same structure.

The utility model discloses a more preferred embodiment, the ceiling height of U-shaped channel highly is less than the ordinary water level 0.3m ~ 0.5m for the lower floor gu soil unit soaks in aqueous, so that plant aquatic plant to build good ecological space area, increase the view effect.

The utility model discloses the advantage lies in need not the scene and builds by laying bricks or stones, can reduce on-the-spot earthwork excavation volume and build by laying bricks or stones the construction volume at prefabricated factory prefabricated a large amount of first prefabricated section and second prefabricated section, can also shorten on-the-spot construction cycle, has improved the efficiency of construction. Simultaneously the apical elevation of U-shaped channel is less than normal water level, makes first prefabricated section and second prefabricated section be located below the water level, not only avoids the stereoplasm to expose, can also make the solid soil unit of lower floor soak in aqueous, can plant aquatic plant to in the construction of good ecological space area, improve the view effect.

The permeable protection component of the utility model is positioned on the back surface of the U-shaped channel, and forms primary protection with the U-shaped channel; the ecological slope protection with the ladder-shaped structure is arranged on the slope above the U-shaped channel, the ecological slope protection forms second-level protection, the combined action of the first-level protection and the second-level protection improves the soil fixation effect, and the stability is good. Meanwhile, the ecological slope protection of the utility model is in a ladder-shaped structure, which is matched with a U-shaped channel, can effectively reduce the occupied area of both banks, and is particularly suitable for the construction of ditches or canals in narrow spaces; and the slope of the slope protection can be relieved.

The utility model discloses a first prefabricated section and second prefabricated section all have first soil and water exchange hole, and have second soil and water exchange hole between first prefabricated section and the second prefabricated section, and be provided with the protection subassembly that permeates water between U-shaped channel and the soil body, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing soil resistance, the soil and water exchange of water with ecological bank protection has been realized, and then the normal flow of soil and water in soil has been realized, make the required moisture of vegetation obtain effectively keeping and in time replenishing, make the root system of plant stretch into in the soil, the firm effect that has realized ecological bank protection and soil body like the slender stock of no several is connected, the landscape effect is good, and the side slope stability has been taken into account.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first preform block of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the second preform block of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture, if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, descriptions in the present application as to "first", "second", and the like are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

In addition, in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., "fixed" may be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

As shown in figures 1-3, the composite ecological slope protection suitable for narrow space comprises

The U-shaped channel is formed by connecting a plurality of first precast blocks 100 and second precast blocks 200 which are alternately laid, wherein each first precast block 100 and each second precast block 200 are provided with a first water and soil exchange hole 300, and a second water and soil exchange hole 400 is formed between every two adjacent first precast blocks 100 and second precast blocks 200;

the water permeable protection component is provided with a first water permeable unit and two second water permeable units, the first water permeable unit is a first water permeable geotextile 501 (namely a PET geotextile) laid between the bottom of the U-shaped channel and a soil body, a second water permeable unit is arranged between each back surface of the U-shaped channel and the soil body, and the second water permeable unit comprises a second water permeable geotextile 502 (namely the PET geotextile) attached to the back surface of the U-shaped channel and a check net 503 for supporting the second water permeable geotextile 502; and

the ecological slope protection structure obliquely extends outwards from the top of the U-shaped channel, the ecological slope protection structure comprises ecological slope protection arranged on each slope of the U-shaped channel, and each ecological slope protection is formed by overlapping the multiple layers of soil fixing units 600 in a staggered manner from bottom to top;

wherein the top elevation of the U-shaped channel is 0.3-0.5 m lower than the normal water level, namely the U-shaped channel is completely submerged in water, thereby avoiding hard exposure and improving the landscape effect; meanwhile, the top of the U-shaped channel is lower than the normal water level by 0.3-0.5 m, so that the soil fixing unit 600 at the lowest layer is soaked in water, aquatic plants can be planted, the ecological slope protection can create a good ecological space, and the landscape effect is improved. The utility model discloses a first prefabricated section 100 and second prefabricated section 200 can be prefabricated in a large number in the prefabricated factory, effectively reduce the earthwork excavation work volume, still avoid cast in situ completely, have shortened construction cycle, have improved the efficiency of construction.

When in actual prefabrication, the first prefabricated block 100 and the second prefabricated block 200 are prefabricated by using reinforced concrete (namely reinforced concrete), and the block structure of the first prefabricated block 100 is the same as that of the second prefabricated block 200, so that the consistency of the appearance of the U-shaped channel is ensured, and the prefabrication difficulty is reduced. Meanwhile, the width of the first precast block 100 and the second precast block 200 crossing the river can be flexibly selected between 2m and 5m, and the height can be flexibly selected between 1m and 2m, and the width of the first precast block and the second precast block along the river direction is about 1.2m, so that the first precast block and the second precast block can be conveniently hoisted.

The structure of the first prefabricated block is specifically described as follows: as shown in FIG. 4, the first preform block includes

A pair of U-shaped grooves 101 (the distance is 0.3 m) are arranged at intervals, each U-shaped groove 101 comprises a bottom plate 101.1, a first side wall 101.2 and a second side wall 101.3, a first soil and water exchange hole 300 with the width of 0.3m is formed in the gap of the two U-shaped grooves 101, and two vertical parts and two horizontal parts of the first soil and water exchange hole 300 are communicated, so that the soil and water exchange capacity is improved, and the plant growth requirement is met;

the upper connecting unit is provided with a pair of upper connecting beams 102 arranged along the river flow direction, wherein one upper connecting beam 102 is poured on the tops of the two first side walls 101.2 to realize the top connection of the two first side walls 101.2, and the other upper connecting beam 102 is poured on the tops of the two second side walls 101.3 to realize the top connection of the two second side walls 101.3; and

a lower connecting unit which is provided with a pair of lower connecting beams 103 arranged along the river direction, wherein one lower connecting beam 103 is poured at the lower parts of the two first side walls 101.2, so that the lower connection of the two first side walls 101.2 is realized; and the other lower connecting beam 103 is poured at the lower parts of the two second side walls 101.3, so that the lower connection of the first side wall 101.2 is realized.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the two corners of each U-shaped groove 101 of the first prefabricated section 100 and the two corners of each U-shaped groove 101 of the second prefabricated section 200 are provided with the armpit 104, which effectively improves the bottom stress of the first side wall 101.2 and the second side wall 101.3 of the first prefabricated section 100 and the bottom stress of the second side wall 101.3 and the second side wall 101.3 of the second prefabricated section 200.

As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the lengths of the upper connection beam 102 and the lower connection beam 103 of the first precast block 100 are the same, and the cantilever lengths of both ends of the upper connection beam 102 and both ends of the lower connection beam 103 of the first precast block 100 are both 0.15 m; the lengths of the upper connecting beam 102 and the lower connecting beam 103 of the second precast block 200 are the same, the lengths of the cantilevers at the two ends of the upper connecting beam 102 and the cantilevers at the two ends of the lower connecting beam 103 of the second precast block 200 are equal to each other and are 0.15m, a second soil and water exchange hole 400 with the width of 0.3m is formed between the first precast block 100 and the second precast block 200, the widths of the first soil and water exchange hole 300 and the second soil and water exchange hole 400 are the same, so that the U-shaped grooves 101 are laid at equal intervals, and the structural uniformity of the U-shaped channel is ensured;

first soil and water exchange hole 300 and second soil and water exchange hole 400 can also realize the soil and water exchange, realizes the normal interchange of moisture in soil for the required moisture of vegetation can obtain maintaining and timely replenishment, guarantees the afforestation effect of bank protection, makes the root system of plant extend to soil smoothly simultaneously, makes ecological bank protection more firm, has strengthened the side slope stability.

As shown in fig. 2, a first permeable geotextile 501 is laid at the lower part of the first water-soil exchange hole 300 and the second water-soil exchange hole 400, the horizontal sections of the first water-soil exchange hole 300 and the second water-soil exchange hole 400 are filled with a gravel filling layer (the particle size of the gravel is 5-20 cm, the gravel can be rock fragments, ecological rock blocks, gravel and the like), and the vertical sections of the first water-soil exchange hole 300 and the second water-soil exchange hole 400 are provided with a second permeable geotextile 502 and a grid correspondingly, so that the water-flow scouring resistance is improved on the premise of ensuring water-soil exchange.

As shown in fig. 4, the first prefabricated section 100 further includes a first connection unit, the first connection unit includes an upper groove 105 formed on both end surfaces of each upper connection beam 102 of the first prefabricated section 100, and a lower groove 106 formed on both end surfaces of each lower connection beam 103 of the first prefabricated section 100, the upper groove 105 and the lower groove 106 are trapezoidal grooves having the same structure, and the depth thereof is 5 cm;

as shown in fig. 5, the second precast block 200 further includes a second connection unit including upper bosses 201 provided on both end surfaces of each upper connection beam 102 of the second precast block 200, and lower bosses 202 provided on both end surfaces of each lower connection beam 103 of the second precast block 200, the upper bosses 201 and the lower bosses 202 being trapezoidal bosses having the same structure and having a thickness of 5 cm;

during actual construction, the upper boss 201 of the second precast block 200 is clamped in the corresponding upper groove 105, and the lower boss 202 is clamped in the corresponding lower groove 106, so that the first precast block 100 and the second precast block 200 can be connected in a meshing manner, and the overall stability of the U-shaped channel is improved.

As shown in fig. 1-2, each ecological slope protection is formed by sequentially overlapping the multiple layers of soil fixing units 600 in a staggered manner from bottom to top, so that the structural stability of the ecological slope protection is improved;

each layer of soil fixing unit 600 comprises a plurality of water-permeable soil fixing bags (comprising a cuboid grid box made of gabions and PET geotextile laid in the cuboid grid box) stacked along the river direction, soil and plant seeds suitable for plant growth are filled in the water-permeable soil fixing bags, the filled soil can fully utilize excavated available earthwork, the waste amount of the earthwork is reduced, and the earthwork transportation cost is reduced; the top of each permeable soil-fixing bag is bound with a three-dimensional ecological protection pad F, so that the anti-scouring performance is improved;

the height of each layer of soil fixing unit 600 is 0.5m, the width of each layer of soil fixing unit 600 is 1.0m, the planting width of the upper surface of the lowest layer of soil fixing unit 600 is 0.5m, the slab staggering width of the upper surface of each layer of soil fixing unit 600 above the lowest layer of soil fixing unit 600 is 0.6m (namely the planting width is 0.6 m), the gradient of each ecological slope protection is 1:1.2 (other gradients which can be smaller than 1: 1.2), the gradient of the ecological slope protection is relieved, and the slope stabilizing effect is improved;

during laying, the permeable soil fixing bags of the two adjacent soil fixing units 600 are laid in a staggered manner, so that the stability is improved;

the distance between the water side of the soil fixation unit 600 at the lowest layer and the U-shaped channel is 0.5-1.0 m (can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions), and the soil fixation unit is soaked in water, so that aquatic plants can be planted in the soil fixation unit 600 at the lowest layer, a good ecological space zone can be built, and the landscape effect is improved;

the top elevation of the ecological slope protection is 0.3-0.5 m higher than the flood control water level and lower than the channel bank, the slope gradient of the slope above the ecological slope protection is 1:2 (of course, other slope gradients smaller than 1:2 can be adopted), and the slope gradient is reduced.

The utility model discloses a construction method of compound ecological bank protection, including following step:

firstly, prefabricating a large number of first prefabricated blocks 100 and second prefabricated blocks 200 in a prefabrication plant according to a designed size, wherein the lengths of the first prefabricated blocks 100 and the second prefabricated blocks 200 along the river direction are 1.2m, and the heights of the tops of the first prefabricated blocks 100 and the second prefabricated blocks 200 are equal and are both 0.3 m-0.5 m lower than a normal water level (namely the heights of the tops of the first side walls and the second side walls are 0.3 m-0.5 m lower than the normal water level);

secondly, excavating a canal channel, laying first permeable geotextile 501 at the bottom of the channel, alternately laying first precast blocks 100 and second precast blocks 200 on the first permeable geotextile 501 according to the mode shown in fig. 2, and laying broken stones in each first water-soil exchange hole 300 and each water-soil exchange hole to form a broken stone filling layer;

thirdly, laying a second permeable geotextile 502 and a check net on each back surface of the U-shaped channel respectively; backfilling and compacting layer by layer according to the construction specification, and compacting soil bodies close to the first side wall 101.2 and the second side wall 101.3 by using a small machine until the soil bodies are backfilled to the tops of the first side wall 101.2 and the second side wall 101.3;

step four, constructing a stepped ecological slope protection on the soil body above the U-shaped channel, taking the construction of one ecological slope protection as an example: the method comprises the following steps that soil fixing units 600 at the lowest layer are stacked on a soil body of a U-shaped channel of 0.5-1.0 m, each soil fixing unit 600 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable soil fixing bags (grid soil fixing bags with 5 surfaces) stacked along the river direction, soil and plant seeds suitable for plant growth are filled in each water-permeable soil fixing bag, soil in each water-permeable soil fixing bag is filled, and the tops of the water-permeable soil fixing bags are covered by reinforced three-dimensional ecological protection pads, so that the plant growth is facilitated, and the soil fixing function is achieved;

after the construction of the soil fixation units 600 at the lowest layer is completed, stacking each layer of soil fixation units 600 obliquely and sequentially on the bank side in a staggered stacking mode from bottom to top until the height of the ecological slope protection is higher than the flood control water level; during construction, the slab staggering width of each layer of soil fixing unit 600 above the lowest soil fixing unit 600 is ensured to be 0.6m so as to form a slope protection with the gradient not greater than 1:1.2, and the ecological slope protection after construction is shown in fig. 1-2;

the ecological slope protection can be simultaneously constructed on two banks of the U-shaped channel during construction, the ecological slope protection on one side of the U-shaped channel can also be constructed firstly, and then the ecological slope protection on the other bank of the U-shaped channel is constructed.

It should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications, substitutions, improvements, etc. within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a be suitable for compound ecological bank protection in narrow and small space which characterized in that: comprises that

The U-shaped channel is formed by connecting a plurality of first precast blocks and second precast blocks which are alternately laid, wherein the first precast blocks and the second precast blocks are provided with first water and soil exchange holes, and a second water and soil exchange hole is formed between every two adjacent first precast blocks and every two adjacent second precast blocks;

the water permeable protection component is provided with a first water permeable unit and two second water permeable units, the first water permeable unit is laid between the bottom of the U-shaped channel and the soil body, and one second water permeable unit is arranged between each back water surface of the U-shaped channel and the soil body; and

ecological slope protection structure, certainly the top slope of U-shaped channel outwards extends, ecological slope protection structure is including setting up the ecological bank protection on every slope of U-shaped channel, and every ecological bank protection is by the multilayer solid native unit according to the overlap joint of staggering the platform from bottom to top in order and forms.

2. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein: the height of each layer of soil fixing unit is 0.4-0.6 m, and the slab staggering width of each layer of soil fixing unit is 0.5-0.8 m, so that the slope of the ecological slope protection is less than or equal to 1: 1.2.

3. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 2, wherein: the top elevation of the ecological slope protection is higher than the flood control water level and lower than the bank side, and the slope gradient of the slope above the ecological slope protection is less than or equal to 1: 2.

4. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 2, wherein: the distance between the water facing surface of the soil fixing unit positioned at the lowermost layer and the U-shaped channel is 0.5-1.0 m.

5. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein: the first precast block and the second precast block have the same structure and both comprise:

the pair of U-shaped grooves are provided with a bottom plate, a first side wall and a second side wall, the two U-shaped grooves are arranged at intervals, and a first water and soil exchange hole is formed in a gap between the two U-shaped grooves;

the upper connecting unit is provided with a pair of upper connecting beams arranged along the river flow direction, wherein one upper connecting beam is poured on the tops of the two first side walls, and the other upper connecting beam is poured on the tops of the two second side walls; and

and a lower connection unit having a pair of lower connection beams in a river direction, one of the lower connection beams being cast under the two first side walls, and the other lower connection beam being cast under the two second side walls.

6. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 5, wherein: each corner of each U-shaped groove is provided with an axillary corner.

7. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 5, wherein: the lengths of the upper connecting beam and the lower connecting beam of the first precast block are the same, and the lengths of the cantilevers at two ends of the upper connecting beam of the first precast block are equal to the lengths of the cantilevers at two ends of the lower connecting beam of the first precast block;

the length of the upper connecting beam of the second precast block is the same as that of the lower connecting beam of the second precast block, and the length of the cantilever at the two ends of the upper connecting beam of the second precast block is equal to that of the cantilever at the two ends of the lower connecting beam of the second precast block, so that the second water and soil exchange hole is formed between the first precast block and the second precast block.

8. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 7, wherein: the width of the first water and soil exchange hole and the width of the second water and soil exchange hole along the river flow direction are equal, and a gravel filling layer is arranged in each of the first water and soil exchange hole and the second water and soil exchange hole.

9. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 7, wherein: the first precast block also comprises a first connecting unit, a second connecting unit and a third connecting unit, wherein the first connecting unit comprises upper grooves formed in two end surfaces of each upper connecting beam of the first precast block and lower grooves formed in two end surfaces of each lower connecting beam of the first precast block;

the second precast block further comprises a second connecting unit which comprises upper bosses arranged on two end faces of each upper connecting beam of the second precast block and lower bosses arranged on two end faces of each lower connecting beam of the second precast block, the upper bosses are clamped in the upper grooves, and the lower bosses are clamped in the lower grooves.

10. The composite ecological slope protection suitable for the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the top of the U-shaped channel is 0.3-0.5 m lower than the normal water level, so that the soil fixing unit at the lowest layer is soaked in water.

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