CN214428589U - Multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting rotating structure - Google Patents
Multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting rotating structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN214428589U CN214428589U CN202022971231.0U CN202022971231U CN214428589U CN 214428589 U CN214428589 U CN 214428589U CN 202022971231 U CN202022971231 U CN 202022971231U CN 214428589 U CN214428589 U CN 214428589U
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting a rotating structure comprises a shell, a current-conducting plate, a gas generating device and a piston, wherein the current-conducting plate penetrates through the shell, and the gas generating device and the piston are arranged above the current-conducting plate from top to bottom; weak breaking parts are respectively arranged at the central part of the conductive plate in the shell and the conductive plate at the arc-shaped grooves at the two sides; rotary supporting blocks capable of moving along the arc-shaped grooves are fixedly arranged below the current-conducting plates between the weak breaking positions respectively; the impact end of the piston is over against the weak breaking point at the central part of the conductive plate. The excitation fuse improves the breaking capacity and the arc extinguishing capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power control and electric automobiles, in particular to an excitation fuse for cutting off a current transmission circuit through external signal control.
Background
The product of circuit overcurrent protection is a fuse which is fused based on heat generated by current flowing through the fuse, and the main problem is the matching relationship between the thermal fuse and a load. For example, in the case of main loop protection of a new energy vehicle, if the load is overloaded by a low multiple or short-circuited, the fuse with the low current specification cannot meet the condition of short-time overshoot of current, and if the fuse with the high current specification is selected, the requirement of rapid protection cannot be met. In the lithium battery pack which provides energy for the current new energy vehicles, the output current is about several times of the rated current under the condition of short circuit, and the protection time of the fuse can not meet the requirement, so that the battery pack generates heat and burns. Because the resistance current heating and the breaking current heating melting are both from the current flowing through the fuse, the protection device adopting the heating melting of the current cannot achieve the breaking speed of the fault current with a certain amplitude value which is fast enough under the condition of having a larger rated current or resisting stronger short-time overload/impact current (such as short-time heavy current when an electric automobile is started or climbs a slope), or achieve a higher rated current under the condition of the protection speed of the fault current with a certain amplitude value which is fast enough, or can resist the larger overload/impact current without damage.
Another fuse has a problem in that it cannot communicate with external devices and cannot be triggered by signals other than current, such as a vehicle ECU, BMS, or other sensors. If the circuit cannot be cut off in time under the conditions of serious collision, water soaking, overhigh temperature of the battery after insolation and the like of the vehicle, the serious event that the vehicle is finally damaged due to the combustion of the battery pack can be caused.
At present, a quick-breaking cut-off opening structure exists in the market, and mainly comprises a gas generating device, a current-conducting plate and a containing cavity after the current-conducting plate falls off, wherein the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive a piston to break the current-conducting plate, and the broken current-conducting plate falls downwards into the containing cavity, so that the purpose of quick disconnection of a circuit is realized. However, it also has some drawbacks and drawbacks, resulting in a limited arc extinguishing capacity: due to the single fracture, the arc extinguishing capability is low, and large fault current is difficult to break.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multi-fracture excitation fuse, and the arc extinguishing capability and the breaking capability are improved through the multi-fracture excitation fuse.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting a rotating structure, which comprises a shell, a current-conducting plate, a gas generating device and a piston, wherein the current-conducting plate penetrates through the shell, and the gas generating device and the piston are arranged above the current-conducting plate from top to bottom; weak breaking parts are respectively arranged at the central part of the conductive plate in the shell and the conductive plate at the arc-shaped groove; rotary supporting blocks capable of moving along the arc-shaped grooves are fixedly arranged below the current-conducting plates between the weak breaking positions respectively; the impact end of the piston is over against the weak breaking part at the central part of the conductive plate; when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the rotating supporting block can drive the part of the conductive plate positioned on the rotating supporting block to move into the arc-shaped groove.
A cavity is arranged on the shell right opposite to the piston below the conductive plate; when the piston moves downwards to the dead point position, the rotary supporting block and the part of the conductive plate fixed on the rotary supporting block after being disconnected can move into the arc-shaped groove; the impact end of the piston is in interference fit with the opposite cavity.
Arc extinguishing chambers can be arranged on two sides of the cavity; the arc extinguishing chamber can be filled with an arc extinguishing medium.
The two ends of the rotating supporting block along the width direction of the conductive plate are fixed on the shell through the rotating shaft.
The breaking weakness is a breaking notch.
The disconnection notch is arranged on one surface or the upper surface and the lower surface of the conductive plate; the shape of the break notch is U-shaped, V-shaped or combination thereof.
The shell comprises a top shell, a middle shell and a lower shell; the top shell is positioned on the middle shell, and the conductive plate is positioned between the contact surfaces of the middle shell and the lower shell; the gas generating device is arranged in the top shell, the piston is positioned in the middle shell, and the circular arc-shaped groove is positioned on the inner wall of the shell formed by the middle shell and the lower shell; a pressing cylinder is sleeved on the peripheries of the top shell and the middle shell; the cavity below the conductive plate and facing the piston is located in the lower housing.
The peripheral surface of the rotary supporting block, which is displaced along the arc-shaped groove, is of an arc-shaped structure; the part of the rotating supporting block below the conductive plate, which is close to the shell wall, is attached in the circular arc groove part below the conductive plate; when the piston moves downwards to the dead point position, the rotary supporting block drives the disconnected conductive plate part to be completely attached in the circular arc-shaped groove in an interference fit mode.
The excitation fuse can be applied to a power distribution unit, or an energy storage device, or a new energy automobile and is used for circuit protection.
Compared with the common excitation fuse, the excitation fuse has the following advantages:
1. the breaking capacity of the single-fracture excitation fuse is about 8KA, and the breaking voltage is 400 VDC; the breaking capacity of the multi-fracture excitation fuse product adopting the rotating structure is about 16KA, the breaking voltage is 1000VDC, and the breaking capacity and the breaking voltage of the product are obviously improved.
2. The arc extinguishing time of the single-fracture excited fuse is about 0.6 ms; and the arc extinguishing time of the multi-fracture excitation fuse product adopting the rotating structure is about 0.4ms, so that the arc extinguishing capability is obviously improved, and the arc extinguishing time is shortened.
3. Compared with a single-fracture excitation fuse, the multi-fracture excitation fuse product adopting the rotating structure has the advantages of unchanged weight, unchanged volume and no obvious increase of cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an excitation fuse before disconnection in embodiment 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the excitation fuse after disconnection in embodiment 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the excitation fuse before disconnection in embodiment 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the excitation fuse after the disconnection of the embodiment 21.
Detailed Description
The above technical solutions will be specifically described with reference to the drawings by way of examples.
Example 1
The excitation fuse includes casing, conducting plate, excitation device, breaks the device, wherein:
the housing, see fig. 1 and 2, comprises an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2, between which an electrically conductive plate 3 is arranged. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a sealing device is arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell. The upper shell is provided with a cavity penetrating through the upper end and the lower end, the upper part of the cavity of the upper shell is provided with a limiting step, the excitation device 4 is placed on the limiting step on the upper part of the cavity of the upper shell to limit the excitation device, and then the excitation device is pressed tightly through a pressing plate or a pressing sleeve (not shown) and is arranged in the cavity. In this embodiment, the energizing means is a gas generator that receives a signal from the outside and ignites to release high-pressure gas as a driving force.
A piston 5 is arranged in the cavity below the gas generator. In the home position, the piston 5 is fixedly arranged in the cavity by means of a limiting device. The limiting device is characterized in that a convex block is arranged on the piston, a groove is arranged at a corresponding position on the wall of the cavity, and the convex block on the piston is embedded into the groove to realize limiting. In order to enable the piston to move more smoothly after the piston is subjected to external force to overcome the limiting device, vertical sliding grooves are formed in the shell wall of the cavity where the lower end of the piston is located respectively, sliding blocks capable of protruding out of the piston body are arranged at the positions, corresponding to the sliding grooves, of the lower end of the piston, and the sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves. When the piston overcomes the limiting device, the piston can smoothly move downwards along the sliding groove to impact and disconnect the conducting plate.
The punch 51 on the piston is configured as a knife-edge structure to facilitate cutting of the conductive plate. The piston punch structure may be a reverse tapered structure or the like that easily cuts the conductive plate. When driven by the exciter, the piston can break the limiting device and move downwards along the cavity. The opening end of the cavity of the upper shell at the position of the conductive plate is a notch with an enlarged shape.
The position of the upper surface of the lower shell below the current-conducting plate, which corresponds to the notch of the upper shell in the enlarged shape, is provided with symmetrical notches in the enlarged shape, and after the upper shell, the lower shell and the current-conducting plate are assembled, arc-shaped grooves can be formed in the side walls of the two sides of the upper shell and the lower shell along the length direction of the current-conducting plate respectively. The central part of the conductive plate in the cavity formed by the upper and lower shells is provided with a breaking notch 301 which runs through the width of the conductive plate, and the positions of the conductive plate in the cavity formed by the upper and lower shells and close to the shell wall are respectively and symmetrically provided with a breaking notch 302. And rotary supporting blocks 303 with arc structures are respectively arranged below the conductive plates between the breaking notches 301 and 302, and the radian of each rotary supporting block 303 is the same as that of each arc-shaped groove. The bottom of the rotating supporting block 303 is located at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove close to the conductive plate, and a part of the rotating supporting block 303 is attached to the concave surface of the expanded-shape notch of the lower shell. After the conductive plate is disconnected, under the forced impact of the piston, the rotary supporting block 303 can bring the disconnected conductive plate to slide along the circular arc groove to fill the circular arc groove, and completely disconnect the external circuit.
The lower shell below the rotating support block 303 is provided with cavities 21, and arc extinguishing media can be arranged in the cavities 21, so that arc extinguishing is facilitated. A cavity 22 is correspondingly arranged on the lower shell which is opposite to the lower part of the piston punch head, and the cross section shape of the cavity is the same as that of the piston punch head. When the conductive plate is disconnected and the piston continues to move downwards to the dead point position, the punch of the piston enters the cavity 22 in an interference fit mode to form a left interference line and a right interference line, the electric arc is extruded, and the electric arc which is possibly remained can be cut off again.
The contact surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell and the contact surfaces of the piston and the cavity of the upper shell are in sealing contact respectively. The upper shell, the lower shell, the piston and the rotary supporting block are all made of insulating materials and can be manufactured through processes of injection molding, die embedding and the like.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, the difference from the fuse structure of embodiment 1 is that the upper case is composed of a top case 6 and a middle case 7 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the top case and the middle case are connected by a screw thread.
The exciting device 4 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the top shell, the piston 5 is accommodated in the cavity of the middle shell, and the pressing cylinder 8 is sleeved on the periphery of the top shell and the middle shell. And the pressing cylinder 8 is made of metal, fixes the excitation device, the top shell and the middle shell, and fixes the pressing cylinder 8 on the middle shell. The impact end of the plunger 51 of the piston 5 is of a conical configuration. The conductive plate 3 is disposed between the middle case and the lower case. The front and rear ends of the rotating support block 303 fixedly disposed below the conductive plate, that is, the ends located in the width direction of the conductive plate, are fixed to the middle housing through a rotating shaft, and the rotating support block can rotate along the rotating shaft. And when the piston reaches the dead point position, the piston punch is in interference fit with the cavity of the lower shell to form a left interference line and a right interference line, so that electric arcs are extruded, and possible residual electric arcs can be cut off again.
In the two embodiments, the contact between the shells and the contact between the piston and the shell are all sealing contact. I.e. at each contact surface a sealing means 9 is provided.
The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows:
normal through-flow state: the current circulates through the two ends of the current-conducting plate which is connected in series with the main loop of the battery pack, and the product can be regarded as a conductor.
Circuit breaking operation: the gas generator receives a disconnection signal from the outside, short-time ignition detonation generates high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas pushes the piston to break through the limiting structure to move downwards, the piston cuts off a conductor at a weak position in the middle of the current-conducting plate to form an air fracture, the current-conducting plate and the rotating support block assembly start to rotate outwards at the same time, the fracture positions on two sides of the middle fracture of the current-conducting plate are also cut off to form three fractures along with the forced rotation of the rotating support block and the current-conducting plate, the distance of the three fractures is gradually pulled away along with the continuous downward displacement of the piston, the rotating support block rotates 90 degrees to place along with the movement of the piston, the three fractures are completely opened, the current is cut off, and the circuit is completely disconnected.
The arc extinguishing principle is as follows:
in the rotating process of the rotating combination of the conductive plate and the rotating supporting block, the piston extrudes the rotating combination to enable the rotating supporting block and the arc-shaped groove on the shell to form interference fit, and electric arcs are cut off. When the arc is extinguished, the multi-fracture surface divides the arc into a plurality of small arc sections which are connected in series, the total length of the arc is lengthened due to the multi-fracture surface, the lengthening speed of the arc is multiplied, the arc cooling composition and the diffusion are facilitated, the arc gap resistance is increased in an accelerated manner, the recovery speed of the medium strength is improved, and the arc extinguishing time is shortened. The left and right conductive plates and the rotating support block which are disconnected rotate to extrude at the arc-shaped groove to form a slit, and the arc moves in the solid slit, so that on one hand, the arc is cooled, and the dissociation removing effect is enhanced; on the other hand, the arc is elongated, the arc diameter is reduced, the arc resistance is increased, and the arc is extinguished.
Meanwhile, when the piston moves to the dead point position, the punch head is in interference fit with the cavity of the lower shell to form a left interference line and a right interference line, the electric arc is extruded, and the electric arc possibly remained can be cut off again.
The excitation fuse can generate a plurality of fractures, realizes efficient arc extinction, and improves the arc extinction capability and the breaking capability.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting a rotating structure comprises a shell, a current-conducting plate penetrating through the shell, and a gas generating device and a piston which are arranged above the current-conducting plate from top to bottom, and is characterized in that arc-shaped grooves are respectively formed in the shell at two ends of the current-conducting plate in the length direction in the shell; weak breaking parts are respectively arranged at the central part of the conductive plate in the shell and the conductive plate at the arc-shaped groove; rotary supporting blocks capable of moving along the arc-shaped grooves are fixedly arranged below the current-conducting plates between the weak breaking positions respectively; the impact end of the piston is over against the weak breaking part at the central part of the conductive plate; when the circuit breaker is disconnected, the rotating supporting block can drive the part of the conductive plate positioned on the rotating supporting block to move into the arc-shaped groove.
2. The multi-break excitation fuse according to claim 1, wherein a cavity is formed in a housing facing said piston below said conductive plate; when the piston moves downwards to the dead point position, the rotary supporting block and the part of the conductive plate fixed on the rotary supporting block after being disconnected can move into the arc-shaped groove; the impact end of the piston is in interference fit with the opposite cavity.
3. The multi-break excitation fuse with a rotary structure according to claim 2, wherein arc extinguishing chambers are provided at both sides of said hollow space; the arc extinguishing chamber can be filled with an arc extinguishing medium.
4. A multi-break excitation fuse of a rotary structure according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the rotary support block in the width direction of the conductive plate are fixed to the housing by means of the rotary shaft.
5. The multi-break excitation fuse according to claim 1, wherein said breaking weakness is a breaking notch.
6. The multi-break excitation fuse according to claim 5, wherein said breaking notches are formed on one surface or both upper and lower surfaces of said conductive plate; the shape of the break notch is U-shaped, V-shaped or combination thereof.
7. The multi-break excitation fuse employing a rotary structure according to claim 1, wherein said housing comprises a top housing, a middle housing and a lower housing; the top shell is positioned on the middle shell, and the conductive plate is positioned between the contact surfaces of the middle shell and the lower shell; the gas generating device is arranged in the top shell, the piston is positioned in the middle shell, and the circular arc-shaped groove is positioned on the inner wall of the shell formed by the middle shell and the lower shell; a pressing cylinder is sleeved on the peripheries of the top shell and the middle shell; a cavity located below the conductive plate and facing the piston is located in the lower housing.
8. The multi-break excitation fuse according to claim 1, wherein said rotary support block has an arc-shaped configuration along the outer circumferential surface of said circular arc groove; the part of the rotating supporting block below the conductive plate, which is close to the shell wall, is attached in the circular arc groove part below the conductive plate; when the piston moves downwards to the dead point position, the rotary supporting block drives the disconnected conductive plate part to be completely attached in the circular arc-shaped groove in an interference fit mode.
9. The multi-break excitation fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is applied to a power distribution unit, an energy storage device, or a new energy automobile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022971231.0U CN214428589U (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting rotating structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022971231.0U CN214428589U (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting rotating structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214428589U true CN214428589U (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022971231.0U Active CN214428589U (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Multi-fracture excitation fuse adopting rotating structure |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214428589U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-11 CN CN202022971231.0U patent/CN214428589U/en active Active
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Address after: 710075 Zhongrong Electric Industrial Base, No. 97, Jinye Second Road, High tech Zone, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee after: XI'AN ZHONGRONG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 3-10303, East District, modern enterprise center, No.12, zone a, pioneer R & D Park, 69 Jinye Road, high tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710077 Patentee before: XI'AN ZHONGRONG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. |