CN214411262U - Fuel cell system capable of directly utilizing methanol reformed gas - Google Patents
Fuel cell system capable of directly utilizing methanol reformed gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN214411262U CN214411262U CN202120535347.1U CN202120535347U CN214411262U CN 214411262 U CN214411262 U CN 214411262U CN 202120535347 U CN202120535347 U CN 202120535347U CN 214411262 U CN214411262 U CN 214411262U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a directly utilize fuel cell system of methyl alcohol reformed gas belongs to fuel cell technical field. The device mainly comprises a methanol reforming reaction unit, a first heat exchange unit, a first gas-liquid separation unit, a second gas-liquid separation unit, a catalytic combustion unit, a second heat exchange unit, a third heat exchange unit, a fuel cell unit and a gas mixing device. The utility model directly uses the reformed methanol gas as the anode material, does not carry out the purification and separation treatment of hydrogen, shortens and simplifies the process flow; meanwhile, the anode tail gas is subjected to catalytic combustion, the heat of unreacted hydrogen in the anode tail gas is fully released, the heat efficiency of a fuel cell power generation system is improved, the anode tail gas subjected to catalytic combustion is mixed with cathode inlet gas and used as a cathode raw material for recycling, the fuel utilization rate is improved, the thermoelectric comprehensive efficiency of a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system is improved, and the application prospect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, concretely relates to directly utilize fuel cell system of methyl alcohol reformed gas.
Background
The molten carbonate fuel cell is a high-temperature fuel cell working at 650 ℃, adopts hydrogen-rich gas as a raw material, can directly convert chemical energy in the raw material into electric energy, and is a clean, efficient, low-noise and low-pollution power generation mode.
At present, the cost of a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system taking hydrogen, natural gas and synthesis gas as raw materials is relatively high, and the hydrogen production by methanol reforming is a clean and efficient hydrogen production mode with lower cost. However, the conventional hydrogen production device by methanol reforming needs a gas separation device to purify hydrogen in the methanol reformed gas, and has complex and long process, high cost and low fuel utilization rate of the molten carbonate fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system directly using reformed methanol gas, which shortens the process flow of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system using methanol as the raw material, reduces the cost of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system and the power generation cost, and fully utilizes the energy in the fuel.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses a fuel cell system directly utilizing methanol reformed gas, which comprises a methanol reforming reaction unit, a first heat exchange unit, a first gas-liquid separation unit, a second gas-liquid separation unit, a catalytic combustion unit, a second heat exchange unit, a third heat exchange unit, a fuel cell unit and a gas mixing device;
the inlet of the methanol reforming reaction unit is connected with a methanol feeding pipe, the outlet of the methanol reforming reaction unit is connected with the hot side inlet of the first heat exchange unit, the hot side outlet of the first heat exchange unit is connected with the inlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit, the gas phase outlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected with the cold side inlet of the second heat exchange unit, and the second heat exchange unitThe outlet of the cold side is connected with the anode fuel feed inlet of the fuel cell unit, the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell unit is connected with the inlet of the catalytic combustion unit, and the inlet of the catalytic combustion unit is also connected with O2The outlet of the catalytic combustion unit is connected with the inlet of the hot side of the second heat exchange unit, the outlet of the hot side of the second heat exchange unit is connected with the inlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit, the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit is connected with the inlet of the gas mixing device, and the inlet of the gas mixing device is also connected with an air inlet pipe and a CO inlet pipe2The outlet of the gas mixing device is connected with the cold side inlet of the third heat exchange unit, the cold side outlet of the third heat exchange unit is connected with the cathode fuel feed inlet of the fuel cell unit, the cathode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell unit is connected with the hot side inlet of the third heat exchange unit, and the hot side outlet of the third heat exchange unit is connected with a cathode tail gas discharge pipe; liquid phase outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit and the second gas-liquid separation unit are connected with condensed water discharge pipes.
Preferably, a connection pipe between the cold side outlet of the second heat exchange unit and the anode fuel feed port of the fuel cell unit is provided with an anode gas flow rate detection and control device, a connection pipe between the cold side outlet of the third heat exchange unit and the cathode fuel feed port of the fuel cell unit is provided with a cathode gas flow rate detection and control device, an air intake pipe is provided with an air flow rate detection and control device, and CO is supplied to the air intake pipe2The air inlet pipe is provided with CO2The anode tail gas flow detection and control device is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit and an inlet of the gas mixing device; anode gas flow rate detection and control device, cathode gas flow rate detection and control device, air flow rate detection and control device, and CO2The flow detection and control device and the anode tail gas flow detection and control device are respectively connected with a control unit of the system.
Preferably, a compression unit is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit and the inlet of the gas mixing device.
Further preferably, a defoaming device is arranged in front of the inlet of the compression unit.
Preferably, the first heat exchange unit is a gas-liquid type heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange unit and the third heat exchange unit are gas-gas type heat exchangers.
Preferably, the condensed water outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit and the second gas-liquid separation unit are respectively connected with the cold side inlet of the first heat exchange unit.
Further preferably, a temperature detection device is arranged on a connecting pipeline between an outlet of the methanol reforming reaction unit and a hot side inlet of the first heat exchange unit, flow detection and control devices are respectively arranged on connecting pipelines between condensed water outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit and the second gas-liquid separation unit and a cold side inlet of the first heat exchange unit, and the temperature detection device and the flow detection and control devices are respectively connected with a control unit of the system.
Preferably, the wall surface in the gas mixing device is a smooth curved surface, and a flow disturbing part is arranged in the gas mixing device.
Preferably, a first waste heat exchanger is arranged between the second heat exchange unit and the second gas-liquid separation unit, a second waste heat exchanger is arranged on the cathode tail gas discharge pipe, and the first waste heat exchanger and the second waste heat exchanger are both used for heating external media.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:
the utility model discloses a fuel cell system directly utilizing methanol reformed gas, the anode fuel needed by the fuel cell unit is hydrogen-rich gas, the cathode fuel is carbon dioxide and air, the hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by the methanol reforming hydrogen production process can be fully utilized as fuel, and the cost of the methanol reforming hydrogen production process is low; the reformed methanol gas is directly used, only water vapor is removed, and the separation and purification treatment of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the reformed methanol gas is not carried out, so that the process route is simple. The anode tail gas of the fuel cell is subjected to catalytic combustion treatment, so that the heat of unreacted hydrogen in the anode tail gas is fully utilized, and the heat efficiency of a power generation cell system is improved; and subsequently mixing the anode tail gas subjected to catalytic combustion with cathode inlet gas to serve as a cathode raw material for recycling. The waste heat of the tail gas is comprehensively utilized, the comprehensive thermoelectric efficiency of the fuel cell power generation system is improved, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Furthermore, by arranging the flow detection and control device at the key part of the system, the key operation parameters of the system can be controlled, and the system can be ensured to operate efficiently and stably.
Furthermore, a compression unit is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit and an inlet of the gas mixing device, and the speed and the flow of the circulating tail gas can be controlled.
Furthermore, a defoaming device is arranged in front of an inlet of the compression unit, so that the influence of incompletely removed moisture on the normal operation of the compression unit is prevented.
Furthermore, the first heat exchange unit adopts a gas-liquid type heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange unit and the third heat exchange unit adopt gas-gas type heat exchangers, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the waste heat utilization rate is improved.
Furthermore, the mixed gas is cooled by using the condensed water of the first gas-liquid separation unit and the second gas-liquid separation unit, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Furthermore, the wall surface in the gas mixing device adopts a smooth curved surface, so that the uniform flow of the internal gas is ensured without dead angles, and meanwhile, the turbulence component can improve the mixing degree of the gas.
Furthermore, the first waste heat exchanger and the second waste heat exchanger can make full use of the residual heat again, and the heat exchanger can be used for external heating, lithium bromide refrigeration and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.
In the figure: a 1-methanol reforming reaction unit; 2-a first heat exchange unit; 3-a first gas-liquid separation unit; 4-a second gas-liquid separation unit; 5-a catalytic combustion unit; 6-a second heat exchange unit; 7-a compression unit; 8-a third heat exchange unit; 9-a fuel cell unit; 10-a gas mixing device; 11-a methanol storage tank; 12-anode gas flow detection and control means; 13-cathode gas flow detection and control means; 14-air flow detection and control means; 15-CO2A flow detection and control device; 16-anode tail gas flow detection and control device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate and not to limit the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system directly utilizing reformed methanol gas of the present invention mainly includes a methanol reforming reaction unit 1, a first heat exchange unit 2, a first gas-liquid separation unit 3, a second gas-liquid separation unit 4, a catalytic combustion unit 5, a second heat exchange unit 6, a third heat exchange unit 8, a fuel cell unit 9, and a gas mixing device 10.
The access connection of methanol reforming reaction unit 1 has the methanol inlet pipe, the export of methanol reforming reaction unit 1 and the hot side access connection of first heat transfer unit 2, the hot side export of first heat transfer unit 2 and the access connection of first gas-liquid separation unit 3, the gaseous phase export of first gas-liquid separation unit 3 and the cold side access connection of second heat transfer unit 6, the cold side export of second heat transfer unit 6 and the anode fuel feed inlet of fuel cell unit 9 are connected, the export of the positive pole tail gas of fuel cell unit 9 and the access connection of catalytic combustion unit 5, the import of catalytic combustion unit 5 still is connected with O2The outlet of the catalytic combustion unit 5 is connected with the inlet of the hot side of the second heat exchange unit 6, the outlet of the hot side of the second heat exchange unit 6 is connected with the inlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit 4, the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit 4 is connected with the inlet of the gas mixing device 10, and the inlet of the gas mixing device 10 is further connected with an air inlet pipe and a CO inlet pipe2An outlet of the gas mixing device 10 is connected with a cold side inlet of the third heat exchange unit 8, a cold side outlet of the third heat exchange unit 8 is connected with a cathode fuel feed inlet of the fuel cell unit 9, a cathode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell unit 9 is connected with a hot side inlet of the third heat exchange unit 8, and a hot side outlet of the third heat exchange unit 8 is connected with a cathode tail gas discharge pipe; liquid phase outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit 3 and the second gas-liquid separation unit 4 are both connected with condensed water discharge pipes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection pipeline between the cold side outlet of the second heat exchange unit 6 and the anode fuel feed inlet of the fuel cell unit 9 is provided with anode gasA flow rate detection and control device 12, a cathode gas flow rate detection and control device 13 is provided on a connection pipe between a cold side outlet of the third heat exchange unit 8 and a cathode fuel feed port of the fuel cell unit 9, an air intake pipe is provided with an air flow rate detection and control device 14, and CO2The air inlet pipe is provided with CO2A flow detection and control device 15, an anode tail gas flow detection and control device 16 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit 4 and the inlet of the gas mixing device 10; anode gas flow rate detection and control device 12, cathode gas flow rate detection and control device 13, air flow rate detection and control device 14, and CO2The flow rate detection and control device 15 and the anode off-gas flow rate detection and control device 16 are each connected to a control unit of the system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a compression unit 7 is disposed on the connection pipeline between the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit 4 and the inlet of the gas mixing device 10. Preferably, a defoaming device, such as a defoaming net, a defoaming grid plate and the like, is arranged in front of the inlet of the compression unit 7.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first heat exchange unit 2 is a gas-liquid type heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange unit 6 and the third heat exchange unit 8 are gas-gas type heat exchangers.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the condensed water outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit 3 and the second gas-liquid separation unit 4 are connected to the cold side inlet of the first heat exchange unit 2. Preferably, a temperature detection device is arranged on a connecting pipeline between an outlet of the methanol reforming reaction unit 1 and a hot side inlet of the first heat exchange unit 2, flow detection and control devices are respectively arranged on connecting pipelines between condensed water outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit 3 and the second gas-liquid separation unit 4 and a cold side inlet of the first heat exchange unit 2, and the temperature detection device and the flow detection and control devices are respectively connected with a control unit of the system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wall surface of the gas mixing device 10 is a smooth curved surface, and the gas mixing device 10 is provided with a turbulent component, such as a turbulent column and a turbulent plate.
The utility model discloses a better embodiment, be equipped with first waste heat exchanger between second heat exchange unit 6 and the second gas-liquid separation unit 4, be equipped with second waste heat exchanger on the cathode tail gas discharge pipe, first waste heat exchanger and second waste heat exchanger all are used for heating external medium, can be used to heating, lithium bromide refrigeration etc..
The working method of the system comprises the following steps:
the methanol reforming reaction unit 1 carries out methanol reforming reaction, and the generated mixed gas enters the first heat exchange unit 2 for heat exchange and condensation and then enters the first gas-liquid separation unit 3 for removing moisture to obtain low-temperature mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the low-temperature mixed gas enters an anode fuel feed inlet of the fuel cell unit 9 after heat exchange and temperature rise in the second heat exchange unit 6, and anode tail gas enters the catalytic combustion unit 5 to remove unreacted H2Then the gas enters a second heat exchange unit 6 for heat exchange and condensation, then moisture is removed in a second gas-liquid separation unit 4, and the residual gas enters a gas mixing device 10 to be mixed with air and CO2Mixing, wherein the mixture enters a cathode fuel feeding hole of the fuel cell unit 9 after heat exchange and temperature rise of the third heat exchange unit 8, and the cathode tail gas enters the third heat exchange unit 8 for heat exchange and temperature reduction and is discharged by a cathode tail gas discharging pipe.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
the system mainly comprises a fuel processing system, a fuel cell body and an anode tail gas circulation and waste heat recycling system.
The fuel processing system mainly comprises a methanol reforming hydrogen production unit and a steam condensation separation unit. The methanol reforming hydrogen production unit mainly performs a reforming reaction of methanol and water, which generates a mixed gas (containing water) of hydrogen and carbon dioxide having ratios of about 75% and 25%, respectively, as shown in the following reaction equation, to generate a mixed gas having a main component of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and then separates water from the reformed methanol gas by condensation.
CH3OH→CO+2H2
H2O+CO→CO2+H2
CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2
The molten carbonate fuel cell stack body works at 650 ℃, the anode adopts hydrogen-rich gas as fuel, the methanol reformed gas is adopted as anode fuel, and carbon dioxide in the methanol reformed gas does not participate in reaction; the cathode uses carbon dioxide and oxygen (from air) as raw materials and electrochemical reactions take place inside the fuel cell.
The tail gas circulation unit mainly means that unreacted hydrogen is removed from anode tail gas through catalytic combustion, water vapor in the anode tail gas is separated through heat exchange and condensation, and the main component in the anode tail gas is carbon dioxide. The anode tail gas is mixed with the cathode inlet gas and reused as a cathode raw material.
The waste heat recycling unit mainly utilizes waste heat of high-temperature anode tail gas and high-temperature cathode tail gas of the molten carbonate fuel cell, waste heat is firstly carried out on anode inlet gas and cathode inlet gas of the molten carbonate fuel cell, and residual low-grade heat in the tail gas of the fuel cell and low-grade heat of methanol reformed gas after the waste heat is finished can exchange heat with cold water and are used for heating, lithium bromide refrigeration and the like.
Although some terms are used in the present invention, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the present invention and are to be construed as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. The above description is only used as an example to further illustrate the content of the present invention, so as to facilitate understanding, but not to represent that the embodiment of the present invention is limited to this, and any technical extension or re-creation according to the present invention is protected by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell system directly utilizing methanol reformed gas is characterized by comprising a methanol reforming reaction unit (1), a first heat exchange unit (2), a first gas-liquid separation unit (3), a second gas-liquid separation unit (4), a catalytic combustion unit (5), a second heat exchange unit (6), a third heat exchange unit (8), a fuel cell unit (9) and a gas mixing device (10);
the access connection of methanol reforming reaction unit (1) has the methanol inlet pipe, the export of methanol reforming reaction unit (1) and the hot side access connection of first heat transfer unit (2), the hot side export of first heat transfer unit (2) and the access connection of first gas-liquid separation unit (3), the gaseous phase export of first gas-liquid separation unit (3) and the cold side access connection of second heat transfer unit (6), the cold side export of second heat transfer unit (6) is connected with the positive pole fuel feed inlet of fuel cell unit (9), the export of the positive pole tail gas of fuel cell unit (9) and the access connection of catalytic combustion unit (5), the import of catalytic combustion unit (5) still is connected with O2The outlet of the catalytic combustion unit (5) is connected with the hot side inlet of the second heat exchange unit (6), the hot side outlet of the second heat exchange unit (6) is connected with the inlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit (4), the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit (4) is connected with the inlet of the gas mixing device (10), and the inlet of the gas mixing device (10) is further connected with an air inlet pipe and a CO inlet pipe2An outlet of the gas mixing device (10) is connected with a cold side inlet of a third heat exchange unit (8), a cold side outlet of the third heat exchange unit (8) is connected with a cathode fuel feed inlet of a fuel cell unit (9), a cathode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell unit (9) is connected with a hot side inlet of the third heat exchange unit (8), and a hot side outlet of the third heat exchange unit (8) is connected with a cathode tail gas discharge pipe; liquid phase outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit (3) and the second gas-liquid separation unit (4) are connected with condensed water discharge pipes.
2. The fuel cell system directly using a reformed gas of methanol as defined in claim 1, wherein an anode gas flow rate detecting and controlling device (12) is provided in a connection pipe between the cold-side outlet of the second heat exchanging unit (6) and the anode fuel feed port of the fuel cell unit (9), a cathode gas flow rate detecting and controlling device (13) is provided in a connection pipe between the cold-side outlet of the third heat exchanging unit (8) and the cathode fuel feed port of the fuel cell unit (9), an air flow rate detecting and controlling device (14) and a CO gas flow rate detecting and controlling device (13) are provided in an air intake pipe, and a CO gas is supplied to the air intake pipe2The air inlet pipe is provided with CO2A flow rate detection and control device (15),an anode tail gas flow detection and control device (16) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit (4) and an inlet of the gas mixing device (10); an anode gas flow rate detection and control device (12), a cathode gas flow rate detection and control device (13), an air flow rate detection and control device (14), and CO2The flow detection and control device (15) and the anode tail gas flow detection and control device (16) are respectively connected with a control unit of the system.
3. The fuel cell system directly using a methanol reformed gas according to claim 1, wherein a compression unit (7) is provided on a connection pipe between the gas phase outlet of the second gas-liquid separation unit (4) and the inlet of the gas mixing device (10).
4. The fuel cell system directly using methanol reformed gas according to claim 3, wherein a demister is provided before an inlet of the compression unit (7).
5. The fuel cell system directly using methanol reformed gas according to claim 1, wherein the first heat exchange unit (2) is a gas-liquid type heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange unit (6) and the third heat exchange unit (8) are gas-gas type heat exchangers.
6. The fuel cell system directly using a methanol reformed gas according to claim 1, wherein condensed water outlets of the first gas-liquid separating unit (3) and the second gas-liquid separating unit (4) are each connected to a cold-side inlet of the first heat exchanging unit (2).
7. The fuel cell system directly utilizing methanol reformed gas according to claim 6, wherein a temperature detecting device is provided on a connecting pipeline between the outlet of the methanol reforming reaction unit (1) and the hot side inlet of the first heat exchange unit (2), a flow rate detecting and controlling device is provided on a connecting pipeline between the condensed water outlets of the first gas-liquid separation unit (3) and the second gas-liquid separation unit (4) and the cold side inlet of the first heat exchange unit (2), and the temperature detecting device and the flow rate detecting and controlling device are connected with the control unit of the system.
8. The fuel cell system directly using methanol reformed gas according to claim 1, wherein the wall surface in the gas mixing device (10) is a smooth curved surface, and the gas mixing device (10) is provided with a flow disturbing member.
9. The fuel cell system directly utilizing the reformed methanol gas as defined in claim 1, wherein a first waste heat exchanger is disposed between the second heat exchange unit (6) and the second gas-liquid separation unit (4), a second waste heat exchanger is disposed on the cathode exhaust gas discharge pipe, and both the first waste heat exchanger and the second waste heat exchanger are used for heating an external medium.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115075894A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-20 | 西安交通大学 | Papermaking black liquor supercritical water gasification power generation system and method |
| WO2022193545A1 (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-22 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system directly utilizing methanol reformed gas and operating method of fuel cell system |
-
2021
- 2021-03-15 CN CN202120535347.1U patent/CN214411262U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022193545A1 (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-22 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system directly utilizing methanol reformed gas and operating method of fuel cell system |
| CN115075894A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-20 | 西安交通大学 | Papermaking black liquor supercritical water gasification power generation system and method |
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