CN214407204U - Double-energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two can presplitting and smooth surface blasting device of gathering, the two can cartridge tubes of explosive are equipped with to the inside on the support bar including a plurality of interconnect's support bar and interval installation, and upwards from the big gun hole bottom, and interval between two can cartridge tubes is by little grow gradually, two bilateral symmetry positions that can gather the cartridge tube respectively have a V type to gather can the groove, and the bottom is equipped with straight structure, two gather can the cartridge tube and install on same one side of support bar through the straight structure of bottom, the another side that does not install two can cartridge tubes of support bar is arranged in and is kept rock mass one side, lies in on the support bar of big gun hole bottom, still installs hole bottom enhancement cartridge bag, and each two can cartridge tubes, hole bottom is strengthened between the cartridge bag, connects through leading the explosive cable. The utility model discloses the structure is ingenious, replaces traditional presplitting or the ordinary explosive strip of smooth blasting worker method with two can cartridge pipes, realizes traditional classic blasting technique and can gather the new technology that the blasting technique combined together, and the practicality is strong, and economic benefits is obvious.

Description

Double-energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to blasting construction field especially relates to a two can presplitting and smooth blasting device.

Background

Presplitting blasting or smooth blasting refers to blasting operation of arranging dense blast holes along an excavation boundary, adopting uncoupled charging or low-power explosive filling, and detonating before or after blasting in a main blasting area to form a flat excavation profile surface.

The traditional presplitting or smooth blasting mainly adopts a series spaced charging structure, and ordinary explosive rolls are tied on materials such as bamboo chips or wood strips, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plate strips and the like at certain intervals and are placed in holes. The main problems of the conventional explosive cartridge are that no energy-gathering hole exists, the energy release of the explosive is non-directional, the hole distance in construction is small, the hole diameter is about 10 times of that in general, the drilling work amount is large, the manufacturing cost is high, and the harm effect on the reserved rock mass is large.

In the late stage of the eighties of the last century, the technical personnel in the field try to process energy-gathering explosive tubes to form energy-gathering explosive cartridges by adopting paper materials, but the limitation of the technology and the process level cannot be used for normal construction, so the research of energy-gathering pre-splitting blasting tests is in a stagnation state for a long time. The vigorous development of hydropower development and the large-scale development of national basic construction after the nineties, the requirement of engineering construction causes scholars to generate strong interest in experimental research of energy-gathering presplitting blasting, and the new century is still outstanding. A plurality of scientific and technological workers design energy-collecting explosive tubes of various forms and materials to form energy-collecting explosive cartridges to carry out energy-collecting pre-splitting blasting test research.

The most advanced of the present is the "double energy accumulation presplitting and smooth blasting comprehensive technology construction method and its special equipment" (patent number ZL 200710034494.5), it is to put the multiple sections of energy accumulation pipe standard knot which is equipped with double V-shaped energy accumulation groove on the pipe wall full of explosive into the blast hole, each energy accumulation pipe standard knot is connected by the connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve is also equipped with V-shaped energy accumulation groove, the energy accumulation pipe standard knot is covered with the hole centering ring, make the central line of each V-shaped energy accumulation groove on the upper and lower sides in each blast hole on one plane, the hole centering ring of two V-shaped centering grooves whose position is the same as that of V-shaped energy accumulation groove is covered on the ring wall at the ground end of the energy accumulation pipe standard knot of the blast hole, make the central line of each V-shaped energy accumulation groove form the plane which is coincident with the blasting face in each blast hole and between the blast holes. The construction method has been put into engineering practice for more than ten years, the hole distance is properly increased, the hole forming workload is reduced, the damage to the reserved rock mass is reduced, a certain positive effect is achieved, but the following problems are also exposed.

1. The standard section of the energy collecting pipe is generally 3 meters, the operation mode of filling the powdery explosive by a funnel in cooperation of multiple persons on site is generally adopted, time and labor are wasted, and particularly, the powdery explosive in some areas is ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, and the operation mode is not feasible due to oiliness.

2. In the construction method, except a small section of strengthening section at the bottom of the hole, the density of the explosive loaded in the hole is a certain value, the depth of the hole of the common presplitting blasting or smooth blasting is often more than 10 meters or even more than 20 meters, the buried depth of the rock mass is different, the stress state is naturally different, the damage to the rock mass buried deeply is more difficult than that of the rock mass buried shallowly, and the same amount of explosive is obviously unreasonable when the rock mass is buried up and down in the hole.

3. The hole is internally provided with a centering ring made of polypropylene, the diameter of the centering ring is slightly smaller than that of the blast hole, and the hole is easily blocked in the charging process.

4. In the construction method, a plurality of sets of dies need to be opened, and the standard section of the energy collecting pipe, the sleeve, the in-hole centering ring and the out-hole centering ring all need to be opened.

5. The energy-collecting pipes are continuously arranged in the holes and extend to the ground all the time, the materials are more, the price of the energy-collecting pipes is more expensive than that of the moso bamboo chips, and the cost is higher.

6. Because the standard joint of the energy-collecting pipe is a long sealed pipe with the length of 3m, the colloid explosive can not be filled, the low-power low-density powdery explosive is filled on site, and the standard joint of the energy-collecting pipe is a pipe with the same cross section, so that the energy of the explosive is uniformly distributed in the hole from top to bottom, and the energy distribution is unreasonable for deep holes and ultra-deep holes.

7. Due to the reasons, under certain geological conditions, the cutting cannot be performed by slightly enlarging the hole distance, and the purpose of greatly reducing the hole forming amount cannot be achieved.

8. Compared with the traditional presplitting or smooth blasting, the construction method is more complex and has larger popularization difficulty.

9. Since the conventional classical construction method has considerable advantages over the above-mentioned problems, the conventional classical construction method is still favored in many domestic construction sites, and at present, the construction method coexists with the conventional classical construction method.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem, the utility model provides a two can presplitting and smooth blasting device can improve blasting energy utilization by a wide margin, greatly strengthen the presplitting effect, reduce pore-forming volume, construction process is simple, convenient practicality, low cost, after the blasting to remain the rock mass destroy influence little, improve integrality and the stability of remaining the rock mass, the blasting face is more level and more smooth.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the double energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device is arranged in blast holes and comprises a plurality of supporting bars and double energy-gathering explosive tubes, wherein the supporting bars are connected with each other, the double energy-gathering explosive tubes are arranged on the supporting bars at intervals, the distance between the double energy-gathering explosive tubes is gradually increased from small to large, two symmetrical positions of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes are respectively provided with a V-shaped energy-gathering groove, the bottoms of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes are provided with a straight structure, the double energy-gathering explosive tubes are arranged on the same side of the supporting bars through the straight structure at the bottoms, the other side of the supporting bars, on which the double energy-gathering explosive tubes are not arranged, is arranged on one side of a reserved rock body so as to keep the center of the tops of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes on one straight line, the center lines of the V-shaped energy-gathering grooves in each blast hole are on one plane, and the center lines of the V-shaped energy-gathering grooves form planes which are coincided with the blasting surfaces in each blast hole and are positioned on the supporting bars at the bottoms of the blast holes, and the hole bottom strengthening explosive bags are also arranged and connected through detonating cords between the double-energy-gathering explosive tube and the hole bottom strengthening explosive bag.

Preferably, the supporting strips are bundled and fixed by adhesive tapes.

Preferably, a filling layer is further arranged at a position close to the orifice of the blast hole.

Preferably, the dual energy presplitting and smooth blasting device is wound with a section of foam adhesive tape at regular intervals to fix the dual energy charge in the middle of the blast hole and prevent the charge from rotating in the hole. Preferably, the foam adhesive tape is a thick-layer foam adhesive tape and is wound at the position of the double-energy-gathering medicine tube.

Preferably, the center of the top of the double energy-gathering charge pipe is provided with a centering line, so that an operator can conveniently check the centering line.

Preferably, the angle alpha of the V-shaped energy-gathering groove is 30-90 degrees, the shell of the double energy-gathering explosive tube is made of PVC materials, the thickness is 1.5-3mm, the length is 15cm-20cm, and colloid explosives are filled in the double energy-gathering explosive tube. More preferably, the thickness of the shell of the double-energy medicine tube is 2 mm. The double energy-gathering explosive tube filled with the explosive inside forms a double energy-gathering explosive column which can be manufactured on site or prefabricated in factories.

Preferably, the supporting strips are bamboo strips, wood strips or PVC sheets.

Preferably, the detonating cord comprises an in-hole detonating cord and an out-hole detonating cord which are connected with each other, and the in-hole detonating cord is connected with each double-polymer powder tube and the hole bottom strengthening powder package.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

the utility model discloses a diplonema can presplitting and smooth blasting device, the structure is ingenious, replace traditional presplitting or the ordinary explosive strip of smooth blasting worker method with the diplonema can cartridge, interval ligature diplonema can cartridge on the mounting pad promptly, realize the new technology that traditional classic blasting technique and energy-gathering blasting technique combined together, the energy-gathering direction laminating design of diplonema can the cartridge is domatic, it controls through the straight structure of cartridge bottom, the centering line and the location of reuniting cartridge top are with bubble foam sticky tape, tripartition measure cooperation control effect is better, it can initial small crack to wedge the jet impact formation after detonating the explosive, the initial crack of explosive gas afterwards, enlarge the crack, and then form presplitting or smooth blasting face, accomplish and to gather ability presplitting or smooth blasting, therefore, the clothes hanger is strong in practicability, economic benefits is obvious, especially, the following advantage is possessed, and is worth promoting:

firstly, due to the existence of the double-energy-gathering medicine tube, the hole pitch can be increased to more than 20 times of the hole diameter, and the hole forming workload is reduced to the maximum extent.

And secondly, the double energy-gathering explosive tubes are arranged in the holes at intervals, the consumption of the tubes is reduced by more than 2/3 compared with the full length arrangement, and the materials are greatly saved.

Thirdly, the explosive is vertically arranged in the same hole, and the actual situation that the resistance to damage is different due to different rock body burial depths is adapted by adjusting the distance between the double energy-gathering explosive tubes, so that the energy application of the explosive is more reasonable.

And fourthly, in different sections, the space between the double energy gathering explosive tubes is adjusted to adapt to different geological conditions, so that all geological conditions can be adapted to by only one set of die, and the die development amount is greatly reduced.

And the rock pillar to be blasted between two adjacent holes can be regarded as a cantilever beam with one end fixedly supported, because the double energy accumulation explosive tubes in the same hole are arranged at intervals with unequal intervals from top to bottom and are not in one-to-one correspondence relationship with the double energy accumulation explosive tubes in the adjacent holes, shearing force and tensile force can be generated on the cantilever beam after blasting, and the compressive strength of the rock is more than the shearing strength and the tensile strength, so that the cantilever beam is easier to be sheared and broken, the hole distance can be wider, the hole forming amount is reduced, and the cost is saved.

Sixthly, because of the reason, the utility model discloses a spaced charging is more convenient, and is more reasonable.

Seventhly, the double-energy-gathering powder pipe is a short pipe of 15cm-20cm, so that on-site powder filling is more convenient and faster, and the construction progress is greatly accelerated.

Eighthly, the short pipe can be filled with colloid explosives with higher energy density, the energy gathering effect is better, the cutting force is stronger, the hole distance can be increased, the hole forming workload is reduced, and therefore the cost is reduced.

Ninthly, the utility model discloses implementation method is simple and easy, has combined traditional classic presplitting or smooth blasting and the advantage of gathering the energy cutting blasting perfectly, does not have big difference and effect better with traditional classic blasting operation construction process step, and it is obvious to save construction cost, and construction unit accepts easily, convenient to popularize and apply.

Ten, the utility model provides a two can medicine tubular construction are simple, and production technology is simple and convenient, and the consumptive material is few, low cost, single small, the management and the transportation of being convenient for.

Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the dual energy-accumulating cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the top view of the dual energy-accumulating explosive tube of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the dual energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device in the blast hole;

wherein:

1. a double-energy-gathering medicine tube; 2. a V-shaped energy gathering groove; 3. centering a line; 4. a straight structure; 5. a hole bottom reinforced medicine package; 6. blast holes; 7. foam tape; 8. a supporting strip; 9. filling the plugging layer; 10. a detonating cord is connected in the hole; 11. the outside of the hole is connected with a detonating cord.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

A double energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device as shown in figures 1-3, which is used for being arranged in a blast hole and comprises a plurality of supporting bars 8 which are mutually connected and double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 which are arranged on the supporting bars at intervals and are filled with explosives, wherein the distance between the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 gradually increases from small to large from the hole bottom of the blast hole 6, two symmetrical positions of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 are respectively provided with a V-shaped energy-gathering groove 2, the bottom of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 is provided with a straight structure 4, the center of the top of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 is provided with a centering line 3, the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 are arranged on the same side of the supporting bars 8 through the straight structure 4 at the bottom of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1, the other side of the supporting bars 8 without the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 is arranged on one side of a reserved rock body so as to keep the centering lines 3 of the double energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 on one straight line, the center line of each V-shaped energy-gathering groove in each blast hole is arranged on one plane, and the center line of each V-shaped energy-gathering groove is formed between each blast hole and the blast hole and is coincident with the blasting surface, and the support bars 8 positioned at the hole bottom of the blast hole 6 are also provided with hole bottom reinforcing explosive packages 5, and the dual-energy-gathering explosive tubes 1 and the hole bottom reinforcing explosive packages 5 are connected through detonating cords.

The supporting strips 8 are bound and fixed by adhesive tapes.

And a filling layer 9 is also arranged at a position close to the orifice of the blast hole 6.

On the double-poly energy presplitting and smooth blasting device, a section of foam adhesive tape 7 is wound at regular intervals to fix the double-poly energy charge pipe in the middle of the blast hole and prevent the charge column from rotating in the hole. Preferably, the foam tape 7 is a thick layer foam tape, and is wound on the position where the double energy-gathering medicine tube 1 is located.

The angle alpha of the V-shaped energy-gathering groove 2 is 30-90 degrees, the shell of the double energy-gathering explosive tube 1 is made of PVC material, the thickness is 1.5-3mm, the length is 15cm-20cm, and colloid explosive is filled in the double energy-gathering explosive tube. More preferably, the thickness of the shell of the double-energy medicine tube is 2 mm. The double energy-gathering explosive tube filled with the explosive inside forms a double energy-gathering explosive column which can be manufactured on site or prefabricated in factories.

The supporting strips 8 are bamboo strips, wood strips or PVC strips.

The detonating cord comprises an in-hole connecting detonating cord 10 and an out-hole connecting detonating cord 11 which are connected with each other, and the in-hole connecting detonating cord 10 is connected with each double-polymer powder tube 1 and the hole bottom reinforcing powder charge 5.

In this embodiment, the dual-energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device includes a bamboo chip, a colloidal emulsion explosive phi 32 small explosive strip, a colloidal emulsion explosive phi 70 large explosive strip, a dual-energy-gathering explosive tube, a detonating cord, and a thick layer foam tape. The operation steps are as follows:

firstly, according to the hole depth of each pre-cracked hole, the various materials are distributed to each hole according to the required dosage.

Secondly, inserting a small phi 32 explosive strip into the double energy-gathering explosive tube to fill the inner space of the double energy-gathering explosive tube with the colloid explosive, thereby manufacturing the double energy-gathering explosive column. The step can also be carried out by other methods.

Thirdly, inserting the first bamboo chip into the colloidal emulsion explosive phi 70 big explosive strip to manufacture a hole bottom reinforced explosive package 5, and putting the package into the hole to be connected with the detonating cord 10 so as to connect each explosive column.

Fourthly, binding the double energy-gathering pesticide tubes with the adhesive tapes at the interval of unequal distances, which is dense and sparse, on the bamboo chips, so that the bottom straight structure 4 of the double energy-gathering pesticide tubes is tightly attached to the bamboo chips, and the centering lines 3 of the double energy-gathering pesticide tubes form a straight line.

And fifthly, enabling the energy-gathered cutting direction to be attached to the designed slope surface, keeping the bamboo chips on one side of the reserved rock mass, gradually placing the bamboo chips downwards, binding and fixing joints of the bamboo chips and the bamboo chips by using adhesive tapes, and binding thick layers of foam adhesive tapes 7 on the double-poly energy explosive tube 1 every several meters so as to keep the double-poly energy explosive column approximately in the center of the blast hole 6.

And sixthly, after the charge of each pre-cracked hole is finished, connecting a detonating cord 10 to an orifice in the leading-out hole, filling the blast hole to form a filling layer 9, connecting a detonating cord 11 outside the hole to connect the detonating cord 10 in the hole, and performing networking initiation.

The present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification, and to any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.

Claims (8)

1. The double-energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting device is used for being arranged in blast holes and is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting bars which are mutually connected and double-energy-gathering explosive tubes which are arranged on the supporting bars at intervals and are internally provided with explosives, wherein the distance between the double-energy-gathering explosive tubes is gradually increased from small to large from the bottom of the blast hole, two symmetrical positions of the double-energy-gathering explosive tubes are respectively provided with a V-shaped energy-gathering groove, the bottom of the double-energy-gathering explosive tubes is provided with a straight structure, the double-energy-gathering explosive tubes are arranged on the same side of the supporting bars through the straight structure at the bottom, the other side of the supporting bars, which is not provided with the double-energy-gathering explosive tubes, is arranged on one reserved side so as to keep the center of the tops of the double-energy-gathering explosive tubes on one straight line, the center lines of the V-shaped energy-gathering grooves in each blast hole are on one plane, and the center lines of the V-shaped energy-gathering grooves form planes which are coincided with the blasting surfaces in each blast hole and in each blast hole, and the hole bottom reinforcing explosive packages are also arranged on the supporting bars positioned at the hole bottom of the blast hole, and the dual-energy-gathering explosive tubes and the hole bottom reinforcing explosive packages are connected through detonating cords.

2. The dual energy pre-splitting and smooth blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the supporting strips are fixed by adhesive tape.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a packing layer is further provided near the opening of the blast hole.

4. The dual energy presplitting and smoothwall blasting device of claim 1, wherein a length of foam tape is wrapped around the dual energy presplitting and smoothwall blasting device at regular intervals to secure the dual energy cartridge in the middle of the bore.

5. The dual energy focusing presplitting and smooth blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein a centering line is provided at the top center of the dual energy focusing charge tube.

6. The dual-energy pre-splitting and smooth blasting device according to claim 1, wherein the angle α of the V-shaped energy-gathering groove is 30-90 °, the shell of the dual-energy explosive tube is made of PVC, the thickness of the shell is 1.5-3mm, the length of the shell is 15cm-20cm, and the shell is filled with colloidal explosive.

7. The dual energy pre-splitting and smooth blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the support strips are bamboo, wood or PVC sheets.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the detonating cord comprises an in-hole detonating cord and an out-hole detonating cord connected to each other, the in-hole detonating cord being connected to each of the dual focusing cartridges and the bottom hole reinforcing cartridges.

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