CN105258582B - A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation - Google Patents
A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105258582B CN105258582B CN201510741373.9A CN201510741373A CN105258582B CN 105258582 B CN105258582 B CN 105258582B CN 201510741373 A CN201510741373 A CN 201510741373A CN 105258582 B CN105258582 B CN 105258582B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cushion
- blasthole
- explosive
- rigid mat
- excavation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation, it is characterized by, and it includes blasthole, the cushion in blasthole bottom hole, rigid mat, explosive, blocking section, and cushion, rigid mat, explosive, blocking section are stacked successively from down to up.Cushion is cylinder, and diameter is less than the cm of explosion bore dia 0.5 1, and the upper and lower surface of rigid mat is cone, and the two is parallel, can increase bilateral cumulative energy effect.The conllinear vertical hole in a row in the center of circle is drilled with when the present invention is used in rock mass, cushion, rigid mat, explosive, blocking section are stacked successively from down to up.Technique is easy; it is with low cost; it is easily operated; because the bilateral cumulative energy of rigid mat is acted on; reduce adverse effect; excavation effect reliability, it is ensured that the one-shot forming of Dam Base Surface and side slope packway protective layer excavation, is widely used in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, traffic, the foundation plane of the industry in mine and slope protection layer excavation project.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering explosion technical field, more particularly to a kind of hard and soft smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation
Composite cushion.
Background technology
The molding control of contoured surface is the important indicator of demolition effect.The foundation plane of hydroelectric project, side slope packway protective layer
Excavation quality is always the difficult point in Construction of Hydropower Engineering.In the prior art, traditional Long-hole Bench Blasting, efficiency of construction is often
It is very low and larger to the damage that bottom hole retains rock mass；Horizontal presplit or horizontal photoface exploision, excavation effect are still good, but construction effect
Rate is still unsatisfactory.Bottom hole in recent years is sequentially detonated method between setting the small bench hole of flexible cushion, due to flexible cushion material
Material is limited to the cushioning effect of Blasting shock wave, and bottom hole damages still larger, and the foundation plane fluctuating difference excavated out is larger, so as to lead
Cause artificial prying amount larger；Simultaneously using the common CUMULATIVE BLASTING of wedge-shaped drug slot, because device cumulative effect is limited, cannot also take
Obtain desired result.How Dam Base Surface, the excavation quality of side slope packway shaping are controlled, and the efficiency for improving bursting work is still mesh
Preceding urgent problem.
The content of the invention
For the deficiency that the excavation quality of foundation plane in the prior art and side slope packway protective layer is difficult to ensure that, the present invention is carried
Supplied a kind of process is simple, it is workable, reduce blasthole bottom hole damage, enhancing blasting efficiency for foundation plane Blasting Excavation
Smooth technology.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：One kind is used for foundation plane Blasting Excavation
Smooth explosive column, it is characterized by, and it includes blasthole, the cushion in blasthole bottom hole, rigid mat, explosive, blocking section, delays
Layer, rigid mat, explosive, blocking section is rushed to stack successively from down to up.
Cushion is cylinder, and diameter is less than explosion bore dia 0.5-1 cm, smoothly can be put into blast hole, buffers
Layer height is 10~40cm.
The buffer layer thickness of laying is identical in each blasthole, and cushion is made up of foam concrete.
The upper and lower surface of rigid mat is cone, and the two is parallel, can increase bilateral cumulative energy effect.
The element of cone of the upper and lower surface cone of rigid mat and bottom surface are in 35 ° ~ 75 °.
Rigid mat basal diameter is 0.65 ~ 0.95 times of explosion bore dia.
The height of rigid mat is 7-10cm.
A kind of that above-mentioned explosive column is used for into the smooth technology of foundation plane Blasting Excavation, it is characterized by, and it includes following
Step：
1.1 are drilled with the conllinear vertical hole in a row in the center of circle in rock mass；
1.2 lay cushion in blasthole bottom hole；
Rigid mat is pulled into blasthole by 1.3 using rope, and its bottom surface is placed on cushion；
After 1.4 in blasthole to finished product web-like explosive is added, ignition charge after blocking section is filled out.
The depth of blasthole is more than actual length of shot, more than actual length of shot and cushion and rigid mat sum.
It is determined that after blasthole diameter, first having to make cushion and rigid mat.
Cushion is cylinder, and diameter is less than explosion bore dia 0.5-1 cm, smoothly can be put into blast hole, buffers
Layer height is 10~40cm.The buffer layer thickness of laying is identical in each blasthole, and cushion is made up of foam concrete.
Rigid mat is prepared using cast iron or concrete, and the upper and lower surface of rigid mat is cone, and the two is parallel, circle
The element of cone of taper is in 35 ° ~ 75 ° with bottom surface.
After blast occurs, the rigid mat of bottom hole is run into blasthole to the explosion wave of blasthole bottom vertically propagating
Afterwards, there is reflection on rigid mat side and reflect, herringbone upper surface passes induced explosion energy to bottom hole horizontal direction
Broadcast.Enter the concrete or cast iron medium of larger wave impedance due to the air dielectric from energy from small impedance, shock wave
Most of energy enters rigid mat, and in the lower surface of rigid mat, on the one hand shock wave reflects in rigid mat, enter
One step crushes rigid mat, while the big energy of explosion is along bottom hole direction set, cumulative effect is produced in bottom hole direction, makes
Originally energy is shifted to bottom hole direction in a balanced way, reduces the damage in bottom hole horizontal direction.Due to rigid mat and cushion
Multiple reflections and refraction of the broken and explosion wave in different materials dielectric boundaries, will further consume bottom hole vertical direction
The explosion energy of propagation, reduces bottom hole and damages.Blast hole in a row in for excavation, the interaction of adjacent shot hole will strengthen big gun
The cumulative effect of hole bottom hole horizontal direction, while for single blasthole, by by the energy transfer of horizontal direction to bottom hole side
To reduction fluctuating is poor while rock crushing between effect is capable of achieving blasthole while both the above cumulative mechanism, so as to ensure to build
The one-shot forming that basal plane is excavated.
Therefore compared with prior art, the present invention has following features and beneficial effect：
（1）Present invention process is easy, with low cost, it is easy to operate, and directly can be drilled with using the rig of job site
Veritcal shooting hole.
（2）Because the bilateral cumulative energy of rigid mat is acted on, reduce adverse effect, excavation effect reliability, it is ensured that Dam
The one-shot forming of basal plane and side slope packway protective layer excavation, is widely used in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, traffic, the industry in mine and builds base
In face and slope protection layer excavation project.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rigid mat 3 in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is propagation schematic diagram of the blast impulse in blasthole；
Fig. 4 is use state figure
In figure：1 blocks the blasthole of 5 rock mass of section 2 explosive, 3 rigid mat, 4 cushion 8.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be described further.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of explosive column smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation, the center of circle is total to during it includes being located at rock mass
The vertical hole in a row 8 of line, the cushion 4 in blasthole bottom hole, rigid mat 3, explosive 2, blocking section 1, cushion 4, rigid pad
Layer 3, explosive 2, blocking section 1 are stacked successively from down to up.Cushion 4 is cylinder, and diameter is less than explosion bore dia 0.5-1 cm,
Smoothly can be put into blast hole, the height of cushion 4 is 10~40cm.The buffer layer thickness of laying is identical in each blasthole, delays
Layer is rushed by foam concrete is made.
The upper and lower surface of rigid mat 3 is cone, and the two is parallel, upper and lower surface cone element of cone and bottom surface
In 35 ° ~ 75 °, basal diameter is 0.65 ~ 0.95 times of explosion bore dia, is highly 7-10cm, using cast iron or concrete system
It is standby.Bilateral cumulative energy effect can be increased.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of be used for the smooth technology of foundation plane Blasting Excavation by described explosive column, it includes following step
Suddenly：
1.1 are drilled with the conllinear vertical hole in a row 8 in the center of circle in rock mass；
1.2 lay cushion 4 in blasthole bottom hole；
Rigid mat 3 is pulled into blasthole by 1.3 using rope, and its bottom surface is placed in cushion top；
After 1.4 in blasthole to finished product web-like explosive 2 is added, ignition charge after blocking section is filled out.
Wherein：The depth of blasthole is more than actual length of shot, typically equal to or greater than actual length of shot（Prior art institute
The depth to be bored）With cushion 4 and the sum of rigid mat 3, cushion 4 and rigid pad are first made after explosion bore dia is determined
Layer 3, has standard by regulation explosion bore dia, so cushion 4 and rigid mat 3 can be used as standard configuration parts, cushion 4 is circle
Cylinder, diameter is less than explosion bore dia 0.5-1 cm, smoothly can be put into blast hole, and the height of cushion 4 is 10~40cm.
The buffer layer thickness of laying is identical in each blasthole, and cushion is made up of foam concrete.
The upper and lower surface of rigid mat 3 is cone, and the two is parallel, upper and lower surface cone element of cone and bottom surface
In 35 ° ~ 75 °, basal diameter is 0.65 ~ 0.95 times of explosion bore dia, is highly 7-10cm, using cast iron or concrete system
It is standby.Bilateral cumulative energy effect can be increased.
Such as：The rock matter foundation excavation depth of excavation to be blasted is 8m, and rigid mat 3 is prepared using iron powder concrete, buffering
Layer material is foam concrete.
The dam foundation one-shot forming drillhole blasting method of this specific implementation is carried out according to the following steps successively：
1st, rigid mat 3 is made, corresponding rigid mat 3 is first made according to the diameter of blasthole 8.
2nd, the conllinear vertical hole in a row in the center of circle is drilled with rock mass：
In the rock matter basis of excavation to be blasted, the positions and dimensions of Reasonable Arrangement vertical hole, blasthole aperture 90mm, big gun
Hole depth 8.5m, blasthole（Than the existing blasthole under the conditions of）Ultra-deep 0.5m, blocks segment length 2m, and blasthole spacing is 3m.Cushion 4
A diameter of 89mm, height 40cm, is made up of foam concrete.
3rd, cushion is laid：
After the completion of drilling, the cushion that thickness is 40cm is uniformly put into each bottom hole.
4th, rigid mat is placed on cushion：
The rigid mat for using is needed to be shaped as in this specific implementation：Upper and lower surface is parallel circular conical surface, its bus and bottom
Face is in 45 degree of angles, and circle diameter is 85mm, is highly 8cm.According to above-mentioned form parameter, prepared using the processing of iron powder concrete double
Herringbone（Bipyramid）Shape rigid mat, prepared rigid mat can be solid.
Rigid mat is bundled with nylon rope is fastened, it is slowly pulled into by nylon rope for blasthole, and by its bottom
Face disposes on the buffer layer.
5th, powder charge and detonation：
The powder stick of a diameter of 70mm is loaded in blasthole, powder stick length is 6m, and explosive selects emulsion.Powder charge is completed
Afterwards, blocked as 1 pair of blasthole of section is blocked using clay or sandbag.Blocking is finished, after confirming safety, by cap sensitive big gun
Explosive in hole.
As shown in figure 4, explosive column arranged in rows when using, after ignition, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, to blasthole dolly in blasthole
After Nogata runs into the rigid mat of bottom hole to the explosion wave propagated, there is reflection on rigid mat side and reflect, people
Font upper surface is propagated by induced explosion energy to bottom hole horizontal direction.Due to entering from the air dielectric of small impedance from energy
Enter the concrete or cast iron medium of larger wave impedance, most of energy of shock wave enters rigid mat, under rigid mat
On the one hand surface, shock wave reflects in rigid mat, further crushes rigid mat, while the big energy of explosion
Along bottom hole direction set, cumulative effect is produced in bottom hole direction, energy in a balanced way is shifted to bottom hole direction, reduce bottom hole
Damage in horizontal direction.Because the broken and explosion wave of rigid mat and cushion is in different materials dielectric boundaries
Multiple reflections and refraction, by the explosion energy of further consumption bottom hole vertically propagating, reduce bottom hole and damage.For in excavation
Blast hole in a row, the interaction of adjacent shot hole will strengthen the cumulative effect of blasthole bottom hole horizontal direction, while to single big gun
For hole, big gun is capable of achieving by the way that the energy transfer of horizontal direction is acted on to bottom hole direction, while both the above cumulative mechanism
Reduce fluctuating between hole while rock crushing poor, so as to ensure the one-shot forming that foundation plane is excavated.
Because the explosion requirement of side slope packway protective layer is less than foundation plane explosion, therefore present invention may also apply to side slope packway
In the construction of protective layer.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of explosive column smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation, it is characterised in that it includes blasthole（8）, in blasthole bottom hole
Cushion（4）, rigid mat（3）, explosive（2）, block section（1）, cushion（4）, rigid mat（3）, explosive（2）, block
Section（1）Stack successively from down to up, described cushion is cylinder, is made up of foam concrete, diameter is straight less than blast hole
Footpath 0.5-1 cm, described rigid mat（3）Upper and lower surface be cone, the two is parallel.
2. a kind of explosive column smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Buffering layer height is 40cm.
3. a kind of explosive column smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Rigid mat（3）Element of cone and the bottom surface of upper and lower surface cone be in 35 ° ~ 75 °.
4. a kind of explosive column smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Rigid pad
Layer（3）Basal diameter is 0.65 ~ 0.95 times of explosion bore dia.
5. a kind of explosive column smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Rigid pad
Layer（3）Height be 7-10cm.
6. a kind of explosive column by described in claim 1 is used for the smooth method of foundation plane Blasting Excavation, it is characterised in that：It is wrapped
Include following steps：
6.1 are drilled with the conllinear vertical hole in a row in the center of circle in rock mass（8）, the depth of blasthole is more than actual length of shot and buffering
Layer（4）And rigid mat（3）Sum, the cushion in blasthole（4）, rigid mat（3）, explosive（2）, block section（1）Arrived by down
On stack successively, described cushion is cylinder, is made up of foam concrete, and diameter is less than explosion bore dia 0.5-1 cm,
Described rigid mat（3）Upper and lower surface be cone, the two is parallel, element of cone and the bottom surface of cone in 35 ° ~
75°；
6.2 lay cushion in blasthole bottom hole（4）, buffering layer height is 40cm；
6.3 use rope by rigid mat（3）Blasthole is pulled into, and its bottom surface is placed on cushion；
6.4 to addition finished product web-like explosive in blasthole（2）Afterwards, ignition charge after blocking section is filled out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510741373.9A CN105258582B (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510741373.9A CN105258582B (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105258582A CN105258582A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| CN105258582B true CN105258582B (en) | 2017-06-23 |
Family
ID=55098369
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510741373.9A Active CN105258582B (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105258582B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110873546B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-09-09 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Construction base surface pioneer groove excavation method based on explosion energy regulation |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201764912U (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-03-16 | 中铁十九局集团第五工程有限公司 | Vibration-isolating charging blasthole |
| CN103267455B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-04-01 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation one-step forming drilling blasting method by combining energy dissipation and energy collection of blast hole bottom |
| CN204085341U (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-07 | 广东梅雁吉祥水电股份有限公司 | Explosive blasting mounting structure |
| CN204612621U (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-09-02 | 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 | Rapid reloading device at the bottom of a kind of hole |
| CN205079684U (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-09 | 中国水利水电第十六工程局有限公司 | Be used for building smooth explosive post of base face blasting excavation |
-
2015
- 2015-11-05 CN CN201510741373.9A patent/CN105258582B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105258582A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103267455B (en) | Dam foundation one-step forming drilling blasting method by combining energy dissipation and energy collection of blast hole bottom | |
| CN203785563U (en) | Dual-sleeve energy accumulation shaped charge blasting device | |
| CN105737697B (en) | A kind of outlining blasting method suitable for joints development rock mass | |
| CN105157492B (en) | The double presplitting controlled blasting structures of basement rock protective layer and method | |
| CN107643028A (en) | House owed by a citizen weakness section blasting construction method is worn under shallow embedding railway tunnel | |
| CN104215137A (en) | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation | |
| CN111322077A (en) | Super-underexcavation control energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting construction method for slate tunnel | |
| CN108662958B (en) | Pre-splitting blasting system for foundation pit excavation | |
| CN102183184A (en) | Blast method for realizing vibration attenuation and protection of early-age concrete lining during tunnel construction | |
| CN104697410B (en) | Be applicable to the Long-hole Bench Blasting method of the rich water environment dam foundation and the detachable apparatus for the method | |
| CN110879027A (en) | Efficient energy-gathered blasting rapid tunneling method for half coal rock roadway | |
| CN113959283B (en) | Large-section tunnel blasting construction method | |
| CN205079684U (en) | Be used for building smooth explosive post of base face blasting excavation | |
| CN109186390B (en) | Open-air deep hole blasting water interval-coupled charging blasting method and special water column bag | |
| Zheng et al. | Hard rock deep hole cutting blasting technology in vertical shaft freezing bedrock section construction | |
| CN105258582B (en) | A kind of explosive column and excavation technology smooth for foundation plane Blasting Excavation | |
| CN102213574A (en) | Short-term slope blasting molding method | |
| CN110645856B (en) | Blasting method for bridge demolition | |
| Hu et al. | A vibration-isolating blast technique with shock-reflection device for dam foundation excavation in complicated geological conditions | |
| Yin et al. | Optimization and application of spacing parameter for loosening blasting with 24-m-high bench in barun open-pit mine | |
| CN107687799B (en) | Device for reducing blasting root | |
| CN114993125A (en) | Deep high-stress rock roadway medium-deep hole efficient cut blasting method based on ground stress induction effect | |
| Wang et al. | Study on blasting technology for open-pit layering of complex mine adjacent to high and steep slope | |
| Yang et al. | Open-pit mine geological model construction and composite rock blasting optimization research | |
| CN103868426A (en) | Method for blasting by adopting spaced loading technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |