CN214403913U - Compressed air energy storage system based on efficient heat storage performance - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage system based on efficient heat storage performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN214403913U CN214403913U CN202120337592.1U CN202120337592U CN214403913U CN 214403913 U CN214403913 U CN 214403913U CN 202120337592 U CN202120337592 U CN 202120337592U CN 214403913 U CN214403913 U CN 214403913U
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Abstract
A compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficiency heat storage performance comprises a compression system, an air storage system, a heat storage system, a pressure stabilizing system and a turbine system, wherein a low-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in an exhaust pipeline between the air storage system and a compressor and connected with a heat storage loop, a high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipeline between the air storage system and the turbine system and connected with a heat release loop, the heat storage loop converts high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the compression system into low-temperature and high-pressure gas, the air storage system stores the low-temperature and high-pressure gas, the heat release loop converts the low-temperature and high-pressure gas of the air storage system into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to drive the turbine system to work, a rain curtain is formed to enter a heat storage device of a packed bed to jointly store heat with a solid heat storage material by taking a liquid heat transfer medium as a circulating flow in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop, and the packed bed is not fully filled with the liquid heat transfer medium in the process, further reducing the amount of heat transfer medium. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure improves thermoelectric conversion efficiency when reduce cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the energy storage, a compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficient heat-retaining performance is related to.
Background
The compressed air energy storage is a large-scale physical energy storage technology, air is used as an energy storage medium, abundant electricity can be used for realizing large-scale physical storage of electric energy in a high-pressure air mode through a conversion path of electric energy-mechanical energy-intramolecular energy in the valley of electricity utilization, and the stored high-pressure air is converted into electric energy to be output outwards through a conversion path of intramolecular energy-mechanical energy-electric energy in the peak of electricity utilization. The compressed air energy storage technology has the advantages of environmental friendliness, long service life, large capacity, safe operation and the like.
The compressed air energy storage technology can be divided into a complementary combustion type and a non-complementary combustion type at present. The afterburning type is developed on the basis of gas power generation from the 70 th 20 th century. The technical route is based on the traditional internal combustion engine supercharging theory, and the continuous process of the traditional gas turbine supercharging expansion is changed into two processes of air supercharging and turbine expansion through decoupling. The afterburning energy storage system has large installed power and good economical efficiency, the circulating efficiency can reach 42-55% according to the current gas turbine technology level, and the circulating efficiency is only about 20% when afterburning is removed. The non-afterburning type is developed based on the independent high-performance compressed air energy storage and the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the aerodynamic cycle. The technical route abandons the combination with the gas turbine technology and adopts a special air turbine technical system; and the heat compensation of fossil fuel is not relied on, compression heat is fully recovered and stored, and the gas is used for heat compensation and temperature rise in the power generation process, so that the extra heat requirement is reduced, and the overall operation efficiency of the system is improved. The non-afterburning compressed air energy storage technology has moderate installed power and moderate economy, and the circulation efficiency can reach 50-65%.
Patent CN 105370408 and patent CN 107299891B both adopt a compressed air energy storage mode of non-afterburning mode, in which the heat storage range of the heat storage subsystem is relatively low, and water is used as a heat transfer medium and a heat storage medium, although the investment cost can be reduced, because the heat storage temperature and the heat release temperature are not high, the heat quantity transferred to the air entering the turbine in the energy release process is relatively low, and the overall efficiency of thermoelectric conversion needs to be improved. In the patent CN 107299891B, a high-temperature heat storage system is adopted, which can increase the temperature of the air entering the turbine to a higher temperature during the energy release process, thereby improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the system, but in the patent, heat transfer oil is adopted as a heat transfer medium and a heat storage medium, and the initial investment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficient heat-retaining performance, moreover, the structure is simple, the low-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipeline between the gas storage system and the compressor and is connected with the heat storage loop, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipeline between the gas storage system and the turbine system and is connected with the heat release loop, the heat storage loop converts the high-temperature high-pressure gas of the compression system into the low-temperature high-pressure gas, the gas storage system stores the low-temperature high-pressure gas, the heat release loop converts the low-temperature high-pressure gas of the gas storage system into the high-temperature high-pressure gas to drive the turbine system to do work, the liquid heat transfer medium circularly flows in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop and is used as the heat transfer medium, the rain curtain is formed to enter the heat storage device of the packed bed to jointly complete heat storage with the solid heat storage material, the packed bed is not completely filled with the liquid heat transfer medium in the process, the amount of the heat transfer medium is further reduced, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved while the cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: a compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficiency heat storage performance comprises a compression system, an air storage system, a heat storage system, a pressure stabilizing system and a turbine system; the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger of the heat storage system are positioned in an exhaust pipeline of the compression system, two ends of the exhaust pipeline are respectively connected with the compressor and the turbine system, an air storage tank of the air storage system is positioned in the exhaust pipeline between the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger and is communicated with the exhaust pipeline, a heat storage loop and a heat release loop of the heat storage system are both connected with a heat storage device of the packed bed, and a heat storage valve and a heat release valve are respectively arranged in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop which are positioned at two sides of the heat storage device of the packed bed; the packed bed heat storage device is of a spraying type structure, a hollow hole plate or a spray header is arranged at the top of a cavity of the packed bed heat storage device, a rain curtain is formed when a liquid heat transfer medium penetrates through the hollow hole plate, the liquid heat transfer medium is atomized into tiny liquid drops or is divided into a plurality of liquid columns through the hollow hole plate or the spray header, the liquid heat transfer medium is uniformly sprayed to the surface of a top-layer solid heat storage medium, and flows to the bottom of the packed bed through gaps among the solid heat storage medium under the action of gravity, so that heat exchange is carried out with the solid heat storage medium in the process; the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed heat storage device; the heat release valve is closed in the heat storage stage, and the heat storage valve is closed in the heat release stage.
The compression system includes a discharge line connected to a discharge side of the compressor.
The gas storage system comprises a gas storage tank, a gas inlet valve and a gas outlet valve, wherein the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve are respectively positioned on the gas inlet side and the gas outlet side of the gas storage tank and are connected with a gas outlet pipeline.
The heat storage system comprises a heat storage loop and a heat release loop which are connected with two ends of a packed bed pipeline of the packed bed heat storage device, and a liquid storage tank which is connected with the packed bed pipeline in series, and the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed pipeline at the liquid inlet end of the packed bed heat storage device.
The heat storage loop comprises a low-temperature shielding pump and a low-temperature heat exchanger which are positioned between two heat storage valves.
The heat release loop comprises a high-temperature shield pump and a high-temperature heat exchanger which are positioned between two heat release valves.
The pressure stabilizing system comprises a pressure stabilizing device and a gas flow regulating valve which are sequentially connected with the pressure stabilizing pipeline.
The turbine system is an expander.
An expansion tank is connected between a heat release valve of the heat release loop and the high-temperature heat exchanger, and an expansion valve is arranged in a pipeline of the expansion tank.
A compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficiency heat storage performance comprises a compression system, an air storage system, a heat storage system, a pressure stabilizing system and a turbine system; the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger of the heat storage system are positioned in an exhaust pipeline of the compression system, two ends of the exhaust pipeline are respectively connected with the compressor and the turbine system, an air storage tank of the air storage system is positioned in the exhaust pipeline between the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger and is communicated with the exhaust pipeline, a heat storage loop and a heat release loop of the heat storage system are both connected with a heat storage device of the packed bed, and a heat storage valve and a heat release valve are respectively arranged in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop which are positioned at two sides of the heat storage device of the packed bed; the packed bed heat storage device is of a spraying type structure, a hollow hole plate or a spray header is arranged at the top of a cavity of the packed bed heat storage device, a rain curtain is formed when a liquid heat transfer medium penetrates through the hollow hole plate, the liquid heat transfer medium is atomized into tiny liquid drops or is divided into a plurality of liquid columns through the hollow hole plate or the spray header, the liquid heat transfer medium is uniformly sprayed to the surface of a top-layer solid heat storage medium, and flows to the bottom of the packed bed through gaps among the solid heat storage medium under the action of gravity, so that heat exchange is carried out with the solid heat storage medium in the process; the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed heat storage device; the heat release valve is closed in the heat storage stage, and the heat storage valve is closed in the heat release stage. The structure is simple, the low-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipeline between the gas storage system and the compressor and connected with the heat storage loop, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipeline between the gas storage system and the turbine system and connected with the heat release loop, the heat storage loop converts high-temperature high-pressure gas of the compression system into low-temperature high-pressure gas, the gas storage system stores the low-temperature high-pressure gas, the heat release loop converts the low-temperature high-pressure gas of the gas storage system into the high-temperature high-pressure gas to drive the turbine system to do work, a rain curtain is formed to enter the heat storage device of the packed bed to jointly complete heat storage with a solid heat storage material through the circulating flow of the liquid heat transfer medium in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop, the packed bed is not fully filled with the liquid heat transfer medium in the process, the using amount of the heat transfer medium is further reduced, the cost is reduced, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.
In a preferred arrangement, the compression system includes a discharge line connected to the discharge side of the compressor. The structure is simple, and when the compressor is used, the exhaust pipeline of the compressor is communicated with the expander of the turbine system; the high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the compressor is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure air, then enters the air storage system, and then enters the expansion machine from the air storage system.
In a preferred scheme, the gas storage system comprises a gas storage tank, an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve, wherein the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are respectively positioned on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the gas storage tank and are connected with an air outlet pipeline. The exhaust valve is closed when the gas storage tank stores gas, and the air inlet valve is closed when the gas storage tank exhausts gas.
In a preferred scheme, the heat storage system comprises a heat storage loop and a heat release loop which are connected with two ends of a packed bed pipeline of the packed bed heat storage device, and a liquid storage tank which is connected with the packed bed pipeline in series, and the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed pipeline at the liquid inlet end of the packed bed heat storage device. The structure is simple, and in the energy storage stage, the heat storage loop is used for absorbing and storing heat in the compression system; in the energy release stage, the heat release loop is used for releasing the heat stored in the heat storage system; after the packed bed heat storage device is filled with the solid heat storage material, the pressure stabilizing system empties the air in the heat storage system.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat storage circuit comprises a cryogenic shield pump and a cryogenic heat exchanger between two heat storage valves. The structure is simple, in the heat storage stage, the heat release valve is closed, the heat storage valve is opened, the low-temperature shielding pump is started, the low-temperature shielding pump drives the liquid heat transfer medium to circularly flow in the heat storage loop, the low-temperature heat exchanger absorbs heat in the compression system and then transfers the heat to the liquid heat transfer medium, and the low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium is converted into the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium.
In a preferred scheme, the heat release loop comprises a high-temperature shield pump and a high-temperature heat exchanger which are positioned between two heat release valves. The high-temperature heat exchanger has a simple structure, the heat storage valve is closed, the heat release valve is opened, the high-temperature shielding pump is started, the high-temperature shielding pump drives the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium to circularly flow in the heat release loop, and the high-temperature heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium and then conducts the heat to the exhaust pipeline.
In a preferred scheme, the pressure stabilizing system comprises a pressure stabilizing device and a gas flow regulating valve which are sequentially connected with a pressure stabilizing pipeline. The liquid heat transfer medium injection heat storage system has the advantages that the structure is simple, the gas flow regulating valve is opened before the liquid heat transfer medium is injected into the heat storage system, air in the heat storage system is exhausted, the size of the gas flow regulating valve is regulated again, and the pressure value of the pressure stabilizing device is set.
In a preferred embodiment, the turbine system is an expander. When the expansion machine is used, high-temperature low-pressure air discharged from the air storage tank is heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger to form high-temperature high-pressure air, and the high-temperature high-pressure air enters the expansion machine to drive the expansion machine to do work.
In a preferable scheme, an expansion tank is connected between a heat release valve of the heat release loop and the high-temperature heat exchanger, and an expansion valve is arranged in a pipeline of the expansion tank. The expansion tank is simple in structure, the expansion tank is used for injecting the liquid heat transfer medium into the heat storage system, and influence on the pipeline caused by volume expansion in the temperature rising process of the liquid heat transfer medium is prevented.
A compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficiency heat storage performance comprises a compression system, an air storage system, a heat storage system, a pressure stabilizing system and a turbine system, wherein a low-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in an exhaust pipeline between the air storage system and a compressor and connected with a heat storage loop, a high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust pipeline between the air storage system and the turbine system and connected with a heat release loop, the heat storage loop converts high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the compression system into low-temperature and high-pressure gas, the air storage system stores the low-temperature and high-pressure gas, the heat release loop converts the low-temperature and high-pressure gas of the air storage system into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to drive the turbine system to work, a rain curtain is formed to enter a heat storage device of a packed bed to jointly store heat with a solid heat storage material by taking a liquid heat transfer medium as a circulating flow in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop, and the packed bed is not fully filled with the liquid heat transfer medium in the process, further reducing the amount of heat transfer medium. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure improves thermoelectric conversion efficiency when reduce cost.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic structural diagram of the cavity top of the heat storage device of the packed bed of the present invention with a hollowed-out hole plate.
In the figure: the system comprises a compressor 11, an exhaust pipeline 12, an air storage tank 21, an air inlet valve 22, an exhaust valve 23, a packed bed heat storage device 31, a hollowed-out pore plate 311, a liquid storage tank 32, a heat storage valve 33, a low-temperature shielding pump 34, a low-temperature heat exchanger 35, a heat release valve 36, a high-temperature shielding pump 37, a high-temperature heat exchanger 38, a packed bed pipeline 39, a pressure stabilizing pipeline 41, a pressure stabilizing device 42, an air flow regulating valve 43, an expander 5, an expansion tank 6 and an expansion valve 61.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficiency heat storage performance includes a compression system, an air storage system, a heat storage system, a pressure stabilizing system and a turbine system; the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 of the heat storage system are positioned in an exhaust pipeline 12 of the compression system, two ends of the exhaust pipeline 12 are respectively connected with the compressor 11 and the turbine system, an air storage tank 21 of the air storage system is positioned in the exhaust pipeline 12 between the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 and is communicated with the exhaust pipeline 12, a heat storage loop and a heat release loop of the heat storage system are both connected with the packed bed heat storage device 31, and a heat storage valve 33 and a heat release valve 36 are respectively arranged in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop positioned at two sides of the packed bed heat storage device 31; the packed bed heat storage device 31 is of a spray type structure, and a hollow hole plate 311 or a spray header is arranged at the top of a cavity of the packed bed heat storage device; the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed heat storage device 31; the heat storage phase heat release valve 36 is closed and the heat release phase heat storage valve 33 is closed. The structure is simple, the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 12 between the gas storage system and the compressor 11 and connected with the heat storage loop, the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 12 between the gas storage system and the turbine system and connected with the heat release loop, the heat storage loop converts high-temperature high-pressure gas of the compression system into low-temperature high-pressure gas, the gas storage system stores the low-temperature high-pressure gas, the heat release loop converts the low-temperature high-pressure gas of the gas storage system into high-temperature high-pressure gas to drive the turbine system to do work, liquid heat transfer media circularly flow in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop to serve as heat transfer media, a rain curtain is formed and enters the heat storage device 31 of the packed bed to jointly complete heat storage with solid heat storage materials, the packed bed is not fully filled with the liquid heat transfer media in the process, the consumption of the heat transfer media is further reduced, the cost is reduced, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the liquid heat transfer medium forms a rain curtain through the hollowed-out hole plate 311 from top to bottom and enters the packed bed heat storage device 31, the liquid heat transfer medium rain curtain is in contact with the granular solid heat storage medium, the dense rain curtain has a large area and a large contact area with the granular solid heat storage medium, and flows to the bottom of the packed bed through a gap between the solid heat storage medium under the action of gravity, so that heat exchange is performed with the solid heat storage medium in the process, and the heat transfer efficiency is high.
Preferably, a plurality of spray headers are arranged on the hollowed-out pore plate 311, and the liquid heat transfer medium passes through the hollowed-out pore plate 311 and the spray headers from top to bottom to form raindrops and raincurtains to enter the packed bed heat storage device 31, so that the raindrops and the raincurtains are combined to contact with the granular solid heat storage medium, and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the compression system comprises a discharge line 12 connected to the discharge side of the compressor 11. The structure is simple, when in use, the exhaust pipeline 12 of the compressor 11 is communicated with the expander 5 of the turbine system; the high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the compressor 11 is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure air, and then enters the air storage system, and then enters the expander 5 from the air storage system.
Preferably, the number of the compressors 11 is one or more.
In a preferred embodiment, the air storage system includes an air storage tank 21, an intake valve 22 and an exhaust valve 23, and the intake valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23 are respectively located on an intake side and an exhaust side of the air storage tank 21 and connected to the exhaust line 12. Simple structure sets up admission valve 22 and discharge valve 23 respectively with the gas holder 21 both ends of exhaust pipe 12 series connection, and when the gas holder 21 gas storage, discharge valve 23 closed, and when the gas holder 21 was carminative, admission valve 22 closed.
Preferably, the gas storage tank 21 is a pressure vessel or a salt cavern and ore cavern volume, and the working pressure of the gas storage tank 21 is normal pressure to 15 MPa.
Preferably, under the condition of internal heat preservation of the packed bed heat storage device, the liquid storage tank and the liquid expansion tank, the inner shell is made of a metal material of stainless steel, aluminum or titanium or a ceramic heat-resistant corrosion-resistant non-metal material, the outer shell is made of stainless steel, carbon steel or aluminum alloy or ceramic or high-temperature concrete, and the heat preservation material is filled between the inner shell and the outer shell.
Preferably, the number of the air storage tanks 21 is one or more.
In a preferred scheme, the heat storage system comprises a heat storage loop and a heat release loop which are connected with two ends of a packed bed pipeline 39 of a packed bed heat storage device 31, and a liquid storage tank 32 which is connected with the packed bed pipeline 39 in series, and the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed pipeline 39 at the liquid inlet end of the packed bed heat storage device 31. The structure is simple, and in the energy storage stage, the heat storage loop is used for absorbing and storing heat in the compression system; in the energy release stage, the heat release loop is used for releasing the heat stored in the heat storage system; the packed bed thermal storage device 31 is filled with the solid thermal storage material, and the pressure stabilization system evacuates air in the thermal storage system.
Preferably, the liquid heat transfer medium is one of heat transfer oil, water, methanol, ethanol and liquid metal or a mixture of at least two of the heat transfer oil, the water, the methanol, the ethanol and the liquid metal.
Preferably, the packed bed heat storage device 31 is filled with a solid heat storage material, and the solid heat storage material is granular or porous rock, ore, slag, concrete, refractory brick, ceramic ball or metal, and has the characteristics of high heat conductivity, large heat storage density per unit volume and low cost.
Preferably, voids are formed between the solid thermal storage material in the packed bed thermal storage device 31 to conduct heat to the solid thermal storage material as the liquid heat transfer medium passes through, so that the amount of liquid heat transfer medium required in the packed bed thermal storage device 31 is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the heat storage temperature is from room temperature to 400 ℃, and the working pressure is from normal pressure to 10 Mpa.
Preferably, the pressure-stabilizing gas in the pressure-stabilizing system is air, nitrogen, helium or argon.
Preferably, the number of the packed bed thermal storage devices 31 is one or more.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat storage circuit comprises a low-temperature canned motor pump 34 and a low-temperature heat exchanger 35 between two heat storage valves 33. The structure is simple, in the heat storage stage, the heat release valve 36 is closed, the heat storage valve 33 is opened, the low-temperature shielding pump 34 is started, the low-temperature shielding pump 34 drives the liquid heat transfer medium to circularly flow in the heat storage loop, the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 absorbs heat in the compression system and then transfers the heat to the liquid heat transfer medium, and the low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium is converted into the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium.
Preferably, the number of the cryogenic heat exchangers 35 is one or more.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat release circuit includes a high temperature canned motor pump 37 and a high temperature heat exchanger 38 located between two heat release valves 36. The structure is simple, in the energy release stage, the heat storage valve 33 is closed, the heat release valve 36 is opened, the high-temperature shield pump 37 is started, the high-temperature shield pump 37 drives the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium to circularly flow in the heat release loop, and the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium and then conducts the heat to the exhaust pipeline 12.
Preferably, the number of the high temperature heat exchangers 38 is one or more.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure-stabilizing system comprises a pressure-stabilizing device 42 and a gas flow regulating valve 43, which are connected in series in a pressure-stabilizing pipeline 41. The structure is simple, before the liquid heat transfer medium is injected into the heat storage system, the gas flow regulating valve 43 is opened to exhaust the air in the heat storage system, the size of the gas flow regulating valve 43 is regulated again, and the pressure value of the pressure stabilizing device 42 is set.
In a preferred embodiment, the turbine system is an expander 5. When the expansion machine is used, high-temperature low-pressure air discharged from the air storage tank 21 is heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 to form high-temperature high-pressure air, and the high-temperature high-pressure air enters the expansion machine 5 to drive the expansion machine 5 to do work.
In a preferable scheme, an expansion tank 6 is connected between the heat release valve 36 of the heat release loop and the high-temperature heat exchanger 38, and an expansion valve 61 is arranged in a pipeline of the expansion tank 6. The structure is simple, the expansion tank 6 is used for injecting the liquid heat transfer medium into the heat storage system, and the influence of volume expansion on the pipeline in the temperature rising process of the liquid heat transfer medium is prevented.
Preferably, the number of the expansion tanks 6 is multiple, and the expansion tanks are respectively arranged in the heat storage loop or the heat release loop.
When the compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficiency heat storage performance is installed and used, the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 12 between the air storage system and the compressor 11 and connected with the heat storage loop, a high-temperature heat exchanger 38 is arranged in an exhaust pipeline 12 between a gas storage system and a turbine system and connected with a heat release loop, high-temperature and high-pressure gas of a compression system is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure gas by the heat storage loop, the low-temperature and high-pressure gas of the gas storage system is converted into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the heat release loop to drive the turbine system to work, liquid heat transfer medium circularly flows in the heat storage loop and the heat release loop to serve as heat transfer medium, a rain curtain is formed and enters a packed bed heat storage device 31 to complete heat storage together with solid heat storage material, the packed bed is not fully filled with the liquid heat transfer medium in the process, and the using amount of the heat transfer medium is further reduced. The thermoelectric conversion efficiency is improved while the cost is reduced.
When in use, the exhaust pipeline 12 of the compressor 11 is communicated with the expander 5 of the turbine system; the high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the compressor 11 is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure air, and then enters the air storage system, and then enters the expander 5 from the air storage system.
An air inlet valve 22 and an air outlet valve 23 are respectively arranged at two ends of an air storage tank 21 which is connected with the exhaust pipeline 12 in series, when the air storage tank 21 stores air, the air outlet valve 23 is closed, and when the air storage tank 21 exhausts air, the air inlet valve 22 is closed.
When the heat storage device is used, in the energy storage stage, the heat storage loop is used for absorbing and storing heat in the compression system; in the energy release stage, the heat release loop is used for releasing the heat stored in the heat storage system; the packed bed thermal storage device 31 is filled with the solid thermal storage material, and the pressure stabilization system evacuates air in the thermal storage system.
In the heat storage stage, the heat release valve 36 is closed, the heat storage valve 33 is opened, the low-temperature shield pump 34 is started, the low-temperature shield pump 34 drives the liquid heat transfer medium to circularly flow in the heat storage loop, and the low-temperature heat exchanger 35 absorbs heat in the compression system and then transfers the heat to the liquid heat transfer medium, so that the low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium is converted into a high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium.
In the energy releasing stage, the heat storage valve 33 is closed, the heat release valve 36 is opened, the high-temperature shield pump 37 is started, the high-temperature shield pump 37 drives the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium to circularly flow in the heat release loop, and the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium and then conducts the heat to the exhaust pipeline 12.
Before the liquid heat transfer medium is injected into the heat storage system, the gas flow regulating valve 43 is opened to exhaust the air in the heat storage system, and then the size of the gas flow regulating valve 43 is regulated to set the pressure value of the pressure stabilizing device 42.
The high-temperature low-pressure air discharged from the air storage tank 21 is heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 38 to form high-temperature high-pressure air, and the high-temperature high-pressure air enters the expander 5 to drive the expander 5 to do work.
The expansion tank 6 is used to inject the liquid heat transfer medium into the thermal storage system and to prevent the volume expansion from affecting the pipes during the temperature rise of the liquid heat transfer medium.
The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be considered as limitations of the present invention, and the features in the embodiments and the examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall be defined by the claims and the technical solutions described in the claims, including the technical features of the equivalent alternatives as the protection scope. Namely, equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope of the invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a compressed air energy storage system based on high-efficient heat-retaining performance which characterized by: the system comprises a compression system, a gas storage system, a heat storage system and a pressure stabilizing system; the low-temperature heat exchanger (35) and the high-temperature heat exchanger (38) of the heat storage system are positioned in an exhaust pipeline (12) of the compression system, and the exhaust pipeline (12) is connected with the compressor (11); the gas storage tank (21) of the gas storage system is positioned in the exhaust pipeline (12) between the low-temperature heat exchanger (35) and the high-temperature heat exchanger (38) and is communicated with the exhaust pipeline (12); the packed bed heat storage device (31) of the heat storage system is of a spraying structure, a hollow hole plate (311) or a spray header is arranged at the top of a cavity of the heat storage system, a liquid heat transfer medium is atomized into micro liquid drops or divided into a plurality of liquid columns through the hollow hole plate (311) or the spray header, the liquid heat transfer medium is uniformly sprayed to the surface of a top-layer solid heat storage medium, flows to the bottom of the packed bed through gaps among the solid heat storage medium under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the solid heat storage medium in the process.
2. The compressed air energy storage system based on high efficiency heat storage performance of claim 1, wherein: the compression system comprises a discharge line (12) connected to the discharge side of the compressor (11).
3. The compressed air energy storage system based on high efficiency heat storage performance of claim 1, wherein: the air storage system comprises an air storage tank (21), an air inlet valve (22) and an air outlet valve (23), wherein the air inlet valve (22) and the air outlet valve (23) are respectively positioned on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the air storage tank (21) and are connected with an air outlet pipeline (12).
4. The compressed air energy storage system based on high efficiency heat storage performance of claim 1, wherein: the heat storage system comprises a heat storage loop and a heat release loop which are connected with two ends of a packed bed pipeline (39) of the packed bed heat storage device (31), and a liquid storage tank (32) which is connected with the packed bed pipeline (39) in series, and the pressure stabilizing system is connected with the packed bed pipeline (39) at the liquid inlet end of the packed bed heat storage device (31).
5. The compressed air energy storage system based on high efficiency heat storage performance of claim 1, wherein: the heat storage circuit comprises a low-temperature shield pump (34) and a low-temperature heat exchanger (35) between two heat storage valves (33).
6. The compressed air energy storage system based on high efficiency heat storage performance of claim 1, wherein: the heat release circuit comprises a high-temperature shield pump (37) and a high-temperature heat exchanger (38) which are positioned between two heat release valves (36).
7. The compressed air energy storage system based on high efficiency heat storage performance of claim 1, wherein: the pressure stabilizing system comprises a pressure stabilizing device (42) and a gas flow regulating valve (43) which are sequentially connected with a pressure stabilizing pipeline (41).
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| PCT/CN2021/094258 WO2022166031A1 (en) | 2021-02-06 | 2021-05-18 | Packed bed-based compressed air energy storage system and method |
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