CN113027734A - Compressed air energy storage system and method based on heat storage and release common loop - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage system and method based on heat storage and release common loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN113027734A CN113027734A CN202110331953.6A CN202110331953A CN113027734A CN 113027734 A CN113027734 A CN 113027734A CN 202110331953 A CN202110331953 A CN 202110331953A CN 113027734 A CN113027734 A CN 113027734A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/16—Filtration; Moisture separation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
A compressed air energy storage system and method based on a heat storage and release shared loop are characterized in that a packed bed heat storage device, a liquid storage tank and a shielding pump are sequentially connected in series to form a heat storage and release loop, a heat exchanger is located in the heat storage and release loop between a flow packed bed heat storage device and the shielding pump of the heat storage and release loop, one side, close to the flow packed bed heat storage device, of the heat exchanger is connected with a compressor, one side, close to the shielding pump, of the heat exchanger is connected with a high-pressure gas storage chamber, and an expander is connected in a pipeline between the compressor and the heat exchanger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and relates to a compressed air energy storage system and method based on a heat storage and release shared loop.
Background
The compressed air energy storage is a large-scale physical energy storage technology, air is used as an energy storage medium, abundant electricity can be used for realizing large-scale physical storage of electric energy in a high-pressure air mode through a conversion path of electric energy-mechanical energy-intramolecular energy in the valley of electricity utilization, and the stored high-pressure air is converted into electric energy to be output outwards through a conversion path of intramolecular energy-mechanical energy-electric energy in the peak of electricity utilization. The compressed air energy storage technology has the advantages of environmental friendliness, long service life, large capacity, safe operation and the like.
The compressed air energy storage technology can be divided into a complementary combustion type and a non-complementary combustion type at present. The afterburning type is developed on the basis of gas power generation from the 70 th 20 th century. The technical route is based on the traditional internal combustion engine supercharging theory, and the continuous process of the traditional gas turbine supercharging expansion is changed into two processes of air supercharging and turbine expansion through decoupling. The afterburning energy storage system has large installed power and good economical efficiency, the circulating efficiency can reach 42-55% according to the current gas turbine technology level, and the circulating efficiency is only about 20% when afterburning is removed. The non-afterburning type is developed based on the independent high-performance compressed air energy storage and the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the aerodynamic cycle. The technical route abandons the combination with the gas turbine technology and adopts a special air turbine technical system; and the heat compensation of fossil fuel is not relied on, compression heat is fully recovered and stored, and the gas is used for heat compensation and temperature rise in the power generation process, so that the extra heat requirement is reduced, and the overall operation efficiency of the system is improved. The non-afterburning compressed air energy storage technology has moderate installed power and moderate economy, and the circulation efficiency can reach 50-65%.
Patent CN 105370408A, CN 105370408 and patent CN 107299891B both adopt a compressed air energy storage method of non-afterburning type, wherein CN 105370408 a proposes a compact heat storage system, but the heat storage range of the heat storage subsystem is low, and water is used as a heat transfer medium and a heat storage medium, which can reduce the investment cost, but because the heat storage temperature and the heat release temperature are not high, the heat transferred to the air entering the turbine during the energy release process is low, and the overall efficiency of thermoelectric conversion needs to be improved. While the patents CN 105370408 and CN 107299891B adopt a high temperature heat storage subsystem, which can increase the temperature of the air entering the turbine to a higher temperature in the energy release process, thereby improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the system, in the patent, heat conduction oil is used as a heat transfer medium and a heat storage medium, and the heat storage system is two independent circulation loops in the energy storage process and the energy release process, which results in high initial investment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a compressed air energy storage system and a compressed air energy storage method based on a heat storage and release shared loop, which have simple structure, adopt a packed bed heat storage device, a liquid storage tank and a shield pump to be sequentially connected in series to form the heat storage and release loop, a heat exchanger is positioned in the heat storage and release loop between the packed bed heat storage device and the shield pump of the heat storage and release loop, one side of the heat exchanger close to the packed bed heat storage device is connected with a compressor, one side of the heat exchanger close to the shield pump is connected with a high-pressure gas storage chamber, an expander is connected in a pipeline between the compressor and the heat exchanger, the heat storage and the heat release share one loop, solid heat storage materials and liquid heat transfer media complete heat storage and heat release together, the heat storage efficiency is high, the structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a compressed air energy storage system based on a heat storage and release common loop is characterized in that: the device comprises a compressor, a heat exchanger, a packed bed heat storage device, a liquid storage tank, a shield pump, a high-pressure gas storage chamber and an expander; the packed bed heat storage device, the liquid storage tank and the shielding pump are sequentially connected in series to form a heat storage and release loop, the heat exchanger is located in the heat storage and release loop between the packed bed heat storage device and the shielding pump of the heat storage and release loop, one side, close to the packed bed heat storage device, of the heat exchanger is connected with the compressor, one side, close to the shielding pump, of the heat exchanger is connected with the high-pressure gas storage chamber, and the expander is connected in a pipeline between the compressor and the heat exchanger.
The packed bed heat storage device is internally provided with a solid heat storage material.
The heat storage device of the packed bed is a spray-type or shunt-type packed bed.
A pressure stabilizing system is arranged in the heat storage and release loop, and the packed bed heat storage device is positioned between the pressure stabilizing system and the liquid storage tank.
The pressure stabilizing system comprises a pressure stabilizing device and a gas flow regulating valve which are sequentially connected in a pressure stabilizing pipeline, and one end of the gas flow regulating valve is connected with the heat storage and release loop.
And an expansion tank is arranged in the heat storage and release loop and is positioned between the packed bed heat storage device and the heat exchanger and connected with the heat storage and release loop.
The packed bed heat storage device is filled with a solid heat storage material; the liquid heat transfer medium is stored in the liquid storage tank.
And a three-way reversing valve is arranged in a pipeline between the compressor and the heat exchanger, and the expander is connected with the three-way reversing valve.
The packed bed heat storage device is internally provided with a combination of cell channels and a spray header, a porous plate or both, and solid heat storage materials are arranged inside and outside the cell channels.
The energy storage method of the compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop comprises the following steps:
s1, filling solid heat storage materials of heat storage balls or stones with high unit heat storage density into a packed bed heat storage device for sealing;
s2, degassing, opening a gas flow regulating valve, degassing the heat storage and release loop by using a pressure stabilizing device of a pressure stabilizing system, and exhausting air in the heat storage and release loop;
s3, injecting a heat transfer medium, and directly injecting the liquid heat transfer medium into the liquid storage tank;
s4, adjusting pressure, namely adjusting a gas flow adjusting valve, and pressurizing the sub packed bed heat storage device to a set working pressure;
s5, in the energy storage stage, the compressor is driven by the valley electricity or renewable energy to compress the air, and the high-temperature and high-pressure air is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure air to be stored in the high-pressure air storage chamber;
s5-1, starting a compressor and a shield pump, enabling high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the compressor to enter a heat exchanger, and performing heat conversion with a low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium discharged by the shield pump after the heat exchanger absorbs heat; in the process, the three-way reversing valve prevents high-temperature and high-pressure air from entering the expander;
s5-2, allowing the low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium to absorb heat and then enter a heat storage device of the packed bed, heating the solid heat storage material, and then refluxing to the liquid storage tank; the high-temperature and high-pressure air is cooled to form low-temperature and high-pressure air which enters the high-pressure air storage chamber for storage;
s5-3, when all solid heat storage materials in the packed bed heat storage device finish heat storage, or low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber reaches a set capacity and a set pressure value, ending the energy storage process; closing the compressor, the canned motor pump and the three-way reversing valve;
s6, in the energy releasing stage, in the power utilization peak period, low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber is converted into high-temperature high-pressure air which is conveyed to the expansion machine to do work;
s6-1, starting the shielding pump, enabling a high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium in the liquid storage tank to enter a heat exchanger, and performing heat conversion with low-temperature high-pressure air discharged by a high-pressure air storage chamber after the heat exchanger absorbs heat;
s6-2, the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium releases heat to low-temperature high-pressure air through the heat exchanger, then enters the packed bed heat storage device to exchange heat with the high-temperature solid heat storage material inside, absorbs the heat and then flows back to the liquid storage tank; high-temperature and high-pressure air formed after the low-temperature and high-pressure air conversion enters an expander to do work; in the process, the three-way reversing valve prevents low-temperature high-pressure air from entering the compressor;
and S6-3, finishing the energy release process when the solid heat storage materials in the packed bed heat storage device completely release heat or the low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber is released to a set value.
The invention effectively optimizes the circulation loop in the energy storage and storage stage and the circulation loop in the heat release stage during energy release and power generation in the original heat storage system into one circulation loop, greatly reduces the complexity of heat storage, increases the operability and further reduces the initial investment of the system on the premise of meeting the performance requirements.
According to the invention, the spraying and shunting combined high-efficiency heat exchange technology is combined with the heat storage and release loop, so that the heat storage and release efficiency of the packed bed is further improved, and the overall efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is further improved.
The heat storage in the invention adopts a spraying and shunting combined mode, the heat storage material is arranged in the packed bed, the heat transfer medium adopts a liquid medium with good fluidity, strong heat conduction performance and high specific heat capacity, and the heat storage material adopts heat storage balls and stone materials with large heat storage density per unit volume and low price.
The upper end in the packed bed is provided with a spraying device, the lower end of the spraying device is provided with a flow dividing device, liquid heat transfer medium is uniformly sprayed and then flows onto the heat storage material, and the liquid heat transfer medium seeps into the heat storage medium from top to bottom under the action of gravity and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium in the process.
The upright arrangement type or staggered arrangement type cell channels are adopted in the packed bed, and when the heat transfer fluid flows into the packed bed and passes through the cell channels, the distribution uniformity of the heat transfer fluid in the packed bed is improved, so that the heat exchange strength and uniformity between the heat transfer fluid and a heat storage medium in the packed bed are improved, and the heat storage efficiency of the packed bed heat storage device is improved.
Compared with the traditional double-tank or single-tank heat conduction oil heat storage system, the cost can be reduced by more than 70%, compared with the case that the liquid heat transfer medium is fully filled in the packed bed, the technology can save 20% of the consumption of the heat transfer medium, and further reduce the investment cost.
The working temperature range is normal temperature to 400 ℃, the pressure range is normal pressure to 10MPa, and the device has the advantages of wide working temperature, wide working pressure, compact structure, high thermal efficiency, stable performance, low cost, long service life, simple operation, safety and reliability. The method is particularly suitable for a large-scale physical energy storage technology which is used as a core energy storage technical scheme in renewable energy sources.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is another schematic structure of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a packed bed thermal storage apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a compressor 101, a heat exchanger 102, a pressure stabilizing system 103, an expansion tank 104, a combined body 105, a packed bed heat storage device 106, a solid heat storage material 107, a liquid storage tank 108, a shielding pump 109, a high-pressure air storage chamber 110, an expander 111 and a three-way reversing valve 112.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a compressed air energy storage system based on a heat storage and release common loop is characterized in that: the system comprises a compressor 101, a heat exchanger 102, a packed bed heat storage device 106, a liquid storage tank 108, a shield pump 109, a high-pressure gas storage chamber 110 and an expander 111; the packed bed heat storage device 106, the liquid storage tank 108 and the shield pump 109 are sequentially connected in series to form a heat storage and release loop, the heat exchanger 102 is located in the heat storage and release loop between the packed bed heat storage device 106 and the shield pump 109 of the heat storage and release loop, one side of the heat exchanger 102 close to the packed bed heat storage device 106 is connected with the compressor 101, one side of the heat exchanger 102 close to the shield pump 109 is connected with the high-pressure gas storage chamber 110, and the expander 111 is connected in a pipeline between the compressor 101 and the heat exchanger 102. The system has the advantages that a loop is shared by heat storage and heat release, the solid heat storage material and the liquid heat transfer medium complete heat storage and heat release together, the structure is compact, required auxiliary and component equipment is reduced, and the cost is low.
In a preferred embodiment, the packed bed thermal storage device 106 is internally filled with a solid thermal storage material.
In a preferred embodiment, the packed bed thermal storage device 106 is a trickle or split-flow packed bed.
In a preferable scheme, a pressure stabilizing system 103 is arranged in the heat storage and release loop, and a packed bed heat storage device 106 is positioned between the pressure stabilizing system 103 and a liquid storage tank 108. The structure is simple, and when the heat storage and release loop is used, the heat storage and release loop circularly flows in the clockwise direction to store and release heat.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure stabilizing system 103 includes a pressure stabilizing device and a gas flow regulating valve connected in sequence in a pressure stabilizing pipeline, and one end of the gas flow regulating valve is connected to the heat storage and release loop. The structure is simple, before the liquid heat transfer medium is injected into the packed bed heat storage device 106, the gas flow regulating valve is opened to exhaust the air in the heat release loop, and then the size of the gas flow regulating valve is regulated to set the pressure value of the pressure stabilizing device.
Preferably, the pressure-stabilizing gas in the pressure-stabilizing system is air, nitrogen, helium or argon.
In a preferable scheme, an expansion tank 104 is arranged in the heat accumulation and release loop, and the expansion tank 104 is positioned between the packed bed heat accumulation device 106 and the heat exchanger 102 and is connected with the heat accumulation and release loop. The structure is simple, and the expansion tank 104 is used for injecting liquid heat transfer medium into the heat release loop and preventing the influence of volume expansion on the pipeline in the temperature rising process of the liquid heat transfer medium.
In a preferred embodiment, the packed bed thermal storage device 106 is filled with a solid thermal storage material 107; the liquid heat transfer medium is stored in the liquid storage tank 108. The packed bed heat storage device 106 is filled with a solid heat storage material, which is granular or porous rock, ore, slag, concrete, refractory brick, ceramic ball or metal, and has the characteristics of high heat conductivity, large heat storage density per unit volume and low cost.
Preferably, the heat storage temperature is from room temperature to 400 ℃, and the working pressure is from normal pressure to 10 Mpa.
In a preferred scheme, a three-way reversing valve 112 is arranged in a pipeline between the compressor 101 and the heat exchanger 102, and the expander 111 is connected with the three-way reversing valve 112. When the expansion machine is used, high-temperature and low-pressure air discharged from the high-pressure air storage chamber 110 is heated by the heat exchanger 102 to form high-temperature and high-pressure air, and the high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the expansion machine 111 to drive the expansion machine 111 to do work.
Preferably, the high pressure air receiver 110 is connected to the heat exchanger 102, the compressor 101 and the expander 111 are located on both sides of the compressor 101 and connected to the heat exchanger 102, and an outlet end of the high pressure air receiver 110 is provided with a solenoid valve, which controls air storage and exhaust of the high pressure air receiver 110.
Preferably, two sets of compressors 101 and expanders 111 in series are connected to two sets of heat exchangers 102, respectively.
Preferably, the high-pressure air receiver 110 is in a plurality and is connected with any one of the heat exchangers 102.
Preferably, the number of the packed bed thermal storage devices 106 is two, and the two groups are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the heat accumulation and release loop.
In a preferred embodiment, the packed bed thermal storage device 106 is a combination 105 of a cell channel and a shower head, a porous plate, or both, and solid thermal storage materials 107 are provided inside and outside the cell channel.
Preferably, the packed bed heat storage device adopts solid heat storage materials inside the packed bed, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the using amount of the heat transfer medium is reduced, and meanwhile, the unit cell channels in a forward arrangement type or a staggered arrangement type are adopted inside the packed bed.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for storing energy in the compressed air energy storage system based on the common loop for heat storage and release as described above comprises the following steps:
s1, filling solid heat storage materials 107 of heat storage balls or stones with large unit heat storage density into the packed bed heat storage device 106 for sealing;
s2, degassing, opening a gas flow regulating valve, degassing the heat storage and release loop by using a pressure stabilizing device of the pressure stabilizing system 103, and exhausting air in the heat storage and release loop;
s3, injecting a heat transfer medium, and directly injecting the liquid heat transfer medium into the liquid storage tank 108;
s4, adjusting pressure, adjusting a gas flow adjusting valve, and pressurizing the sub packed bed heat storage device 106 to a set working pressure;
s5, in the energy storage stage, the compressor 101 is driven by valley electricity or renewable energy to compress air, and high-temperature and high-pressure air is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure air to be stored in the high-pressure air storage chamber 110;
s5-1, starting the compressor 101 and the shield pump 109, enabling high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the compressor 101 to enter the heat exchanger 102, and performing heat conversion on the heat exchanger 102 and a low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium discharged by the shield pump 109 after the heat exchanger 102 absorbs heat; in the process, the three-way reversing valve 112 prevents high-temperature and high-pressure air from entering the expander 111;
s5-2, the low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium absorbs heat and then enters the packed bed heat storage device 106 to heat the solid heat storage material 107, and then flows back to the liquid storage tank 108; the high-temperature and high-pressure air is cooled to form low-temperature and high-pressure air which enters the high-pressure air storage chamber 110 for storage;
s5-3, when the solid heat storage material 107 in the packed bed heat storage device 106 is completely stored, or the low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber 110 reaches the set capacity and pressure value, ending the energy storage process; the compressor 101, canned motor pump 109, and three-way reversing valve 112 are closed;
s6, in the energy releasing stage, in the peak period of power utilization, the low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber 110 is converted into high-temperature high-pressure air which is conveyed to the expansion machine 111 to do work;
s6-1, starting the shielding pump 109, enabling the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium in the liquid storage tank 108 to enter the heat exchanger 102, and performing heat conversion on the heat exchanger 102 and the low-temperature high-pressure air discharged from the high-pressure air storage chamber 110 after absorbing heat;
s6-2, the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium releases heat to low-temperature high-pressure air through the heat exchanger, then enters the packed bed heat storage device 106 to exchange heat with the high-temperature solid heat storage material inside, absorbs the heat and then flows back to the liquid storage tank 108; the high-temperature and high-pressure air formed after the low-temperature and high-pressure air conversion enters the expander 111 to do work; in this process, the three-way reversing valve 112 prevents low-temperature high-pressure air from entering the compressor 101;
s6-3, when the solid heat storage material 107 in the packed bed heat storage device 106 is completely released or the low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber 110 is released to reach a set value, the energy release process is finished.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A compressed air energy storage system based on a heat storage and release common loop is characterized in that: the system comprises a compressor (101), a heat exchanger (102), a packed bed heat storage device (106), a liquid storage tank (108), a shield pump (109), a high-pressure gas storage chamber (110) and an expander (111); the packed bed heat storage device (106), the liquid storage tank (108) and the shield pump (109) are sequentially connected in series to form a heat storage and release loop, the heat exchanger (102) is located in the heat storage and release loop between the packed bed heat storage device (106) and the shield pump (109) of the heat storage and release loop, one side, close to the packed bed heat storage device (106), of the heat exchanger (102) is connected with the compressor (101), one side, close to the shield pump (109), of the heat exchanger (102) is connected with the high-pressure gas storage chamber (110), and the expander (111) is connected in a pipeline between the compressor (101) and the heat exchanger (102).
2. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the packed bed heat storage device (106) is internally provided with a solid heat storage material.
3. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the packed bed heat storage device (106) is a spray-type or shunt-type packed bed.
4. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a pressure stabilizing system (103) is arranged in the heat storage and release loop, and a packed bed heat storage device (106) is positioned between the pressure stabilizing system (103) and a liquid storage tank (108).
5. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the pressure stabilizing system (103) comprises a pressure stabilizing device and a gas flow regulating valve which are sequentially connected in a pressure stabilizing pipeline, and one end of the gas flow regulating valve is connected with the heat accumulation and release loop.
6. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an expansion tank (104) is arranged in the heat storage and release loop, and the expansion tank (104) is positioned between the packed bed heat storage device (106) and the heat exchanger (102) and is connected with the heat storage and release loop.
7. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the packed bed thermal storage device (106) is filled with a solid thermal storage material (107); the liquid heat transfer medium is stored in the liquid storage tank (108).
8. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a three-way reversing valve (112) is arranged in a pipeline between the compressor (101) and the heat exchanger (102), and the expander (111) is connected with the three-way reversing valve (112).
9. The compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the packed bed heat storage device (106) is internally provided with a combination (105) of a cell channel and a spray header, a porous plate or both, and solid heat storage materials (107) are arranged inside and outside the cell channel.
10. The energy storage method of the compressed air energy storage system based on the heat storage and release common loop as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, filling solid heat storage materials (107) of heat storage balls or stones with high unit heat storage density into a packed bed heat storage device (106) for sealing;
s2, degassing, opening a gas flow regulating valve, degassing the heat storage and release loop by using a pressure stabilizing device of a pressure stabilizing system (103), and exhausting air in the heat storage and release loop;
s3, injecting a heat transfer medium, and directly injecting the liquid heat transfer medium into the liquid storage tank (108);
s4, adjusting pressure, adjusting a gas flow regulating valve, and pressurizing the sub packed bed heat storage device (106) to a set working pressure;
s5, in the energy storage stage, the compressor (101) is driven by valley electricity or renewable energy to compress air, and high-temperature and high-pressure air is converted into low-temperature and high-pressure air to be stored in the high-pressure air storage chamber (110);
s5-1, starting a compressor (101) and a shielding pump (109), enabling high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the compressor (101) to enter a heat exchanger (102), and performing heat conversion on the heat exchanger (102) and a low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium discharged by the shielding pump (109) after the heat exchanger (102) absorbs heat; in the process, the three-way reversing valve (112) prevents high-temperature and high-pressure air from entering the expander (111);
s5-2, the low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium absorbs heat and then enters a packed bed heat storage device (106), the heat is transferred to a solid heat storage material (107) to be heated, and then the solid heat storage material flows back to a liquid storage tank (108); the high-temperature and high-pressure air is cooled to form low-temperature and high-pressure air which enters the high-pressure air storage chamber (110) for storage;
s5-3, when all solid heat storage materials (107) in the packed bed heat storage device (106) are stored, or low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber (110) reaches a set capacity and a set pressure value, ending the energy storage process; the compressor (101), the canned motor pump (109) and the three-way reversing valve (112) are closed;
s6, in the energy release stage, in the electricity utilization peak period, low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber (110) is converted into high-temperature high-pressure air to be transmitted to the expansion machine (111) to do work;
s6-1, starting the shielding pump (109), enabling a high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium in the liquid storage tank (108) to enter the heat exchanger (102), and performing heat conversion on the heat exchanger (102) and low-temperature high-pressure air discharged from the high-pressure air storage chamber (110) after absorbing heat;
s6-2, the high-temperature liquid heat transfer medium releases heat to low-temperature high-pressure air through the heat exchanger, then enters the packed bed heat storage device (106) to exchange heat with the high-temperature solid heat storage material inside, absorbs the heat and then flows back to the liquid storage tank (108); high-temperature and high-pressure air formed after the low-temperature and high-pressure air is converted enters an expander (111) to do work; in the process, the three-way reversing valve (112) prevents low-temperature high-pressure air from entering the compressor (101);
s6-3, when the solid heat storage material (107) in the packed bed heat storage device (106) is completely released or the low-temperature high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage chamber (110) is released to reach a set value, the energy release process is finished.
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| GB2304021.5A GB2613990A (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-05-21 | Compressed air energy storage system and method based on common heat storage and release loop |
| PCT/CN2021/095229 WO2022068223A1 (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-05-21 | Compressed air energy storage system and method based on common heat storage and release loop |
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