CN116447109A - Heat-insulating compressed air energy storage system sharing heat exchanger and switching method - Google Patents
Heat-insulating compressed air energy storage system sharing heat exchanger and switching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116447109A CN116447109A CN202310432472.3A CN202310432472A CN116447109A CN 116447109 A CN116447109 A CN 116447109A CN 202310432472 A CN202310432472 A CN 202310432472A CN 116447109 A CN116447109 A CN 116447109A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 60
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-insulating compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger and a switching method, belonging to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and comprising a compressor unit, a turbine unit, a heat storage and release device and a gas storage; the heat storage and release device is respectively connected with the compressor unit and the turbine unit to realize the cooling of the air at the outlet of the compressor unit and the heating of the air at the outlet of the turbine unit. The switching method comprises the following steps: when the compressor unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is opened, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is closed, and heat exchange medium absorbs heat and then is stored in the high-temperature heat accumulator to finish the energy storage of the heat storage and release device; when the turbine unit works, the heat storage valve of the compressor unit is closed, the heat release valve of the turbine unit is opened, and heat is released by the heat exchange medium and then stored in the low-temperature heat accumulator, so that the energy release of the heat storage and release device is completed; the invention can fully utilize the time difference of heat storage and release, and the heat exchangers are shared during compression and release, thereby reducing the complexity of the system, improving the utilization rate of the heat exchanger of the compressed air energy storage power station and greatly reducing the project initial investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger and a switching method.
Background
Renewable energy is now recognized as a clean energy source that can be developed on a large scale, and renewable energy sources must be developed to reduce the carbon emissions of power generation enterprises. However, renewable energy sources have the disadvantages of intermittence and instability, and in order to ensure effective utilization of resources, a large-capacity energy storage device should be arranged in the power grid. The energy storage technology of the power system can overcome the intermittent characteristic of renewable energy sources (wind energy, solar energy and the like). The energy storage technology is utilized to splice energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like, so that stable power supply can be formed to supply power to users continuously as required. In addition, the energy storage technology can also carry out peak shaving in the load peak period.
There are a variety of energy storage technologies such as pumped storage technology, compressed air storage technology, super capacitor storage technology, battery storage technology, etc. But the energy storage technology with low cost and large capacity with large-scale application conditions is widely recognized as pumped storage and compressed air energy storage.
The construction of the pumped storage power station has strict limitation on the geographical topography condition, namely, two large-capacity pools and a large enough drop are needed to have feasibility; the main disadvantages of the traditional compressed air energy storage are that fuel is required to be consumed, carbon emission is generated, and the efficiency is low, so that the application and popularization of the compressed air energy storage are limited.
Compared with the traditional compressed air energy storage system, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage system does not need extra energy during compression and release, a combustion chamber is not needed, heat generated in the compression process is stored, the heat is utilized to heat the compressed air in the power generation process, and the turbine is driven to apply work.
The adiabatic compressed air energy storage system is mature, so that the energy storage efficiency is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional compressed air energy storage system, dependence on fuel is avoided, and zero emission of pollutants is realized. However, heat exchangers are respectively arranged on a compressor and a turbine in the adiabatic compressed air energy storage system, and particularly, the number of heat exchanger devices is large for the compressed air energy storage system with large capacity and more stages; in the air compression stage, the released heat exchanger is deactivated, and the heat exchanger of the compression system is deactivated during release, so that the heat exchanger utilization rate is low; meanwhile, the heat exchange equipment of the large-capacity compressed air energy storage project has the defects of large occupied area, complex pipeline arrangement, high initial investment cost, poor economical efficiency and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system and a switching method for sharing a heat exchanger, which can fully utilize the time difference of heat storage and release, and the heat exchangers are shared during compression and release, so that the complexity of the system is reduced, the utilization rate of the heat exchanger of a compressed air energy storage power station is improved, and the project initial investment is greatly reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a heat-insulating compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger comprises a compressor unit, a turbine unit, a heat storage and release device and a gas storage;
the compressor unit comprises a first-stage compressor, a second-stage compressor and a third-stage compressor which are sequentially arranged;
the turbine unit comprises a turbine high-pressure cylinder, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder and a turbine low-pressure cylinder which are sequentially connected with the gas storage;
the heat storage and release device is respectively connected with the compressor unit and the turbine unit to realize the cooling of the air at the outlet of the compressor unit and the heating of the air at the outlet of the turbine unit.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the heat storage and release device comprises a first air-water heat exchanger, a second air-water heat exchanger, a third air-water heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat accumulator and a low-temperature heat accumulator; the high-temperature heat accumulator is respectively connected with the first interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger, the second air-water heat exchanger and the third air-water heat exchanger; the low-temperature heat accumulator is respectively connected with the second interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger, the second air-water heat exchanger and the third air-water heat exchanger;
the third interface of the first air-water heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the primary compressor and the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine through a first branch and a second branch respectively; the fourth interface of the first air-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the second compressor and the outlet of the middle pressure cylinder of the turbine through a third branch and a fourth branch respectively; the third interface of the second air-water heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the second stage compressor and the inlet of the middle pressure cylinder of the turbine through a fifth branch and a sixth branch respectively; the fourth interface of the second air-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the third compressor and the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder of the turbine through a seventh branch and an eighth branch respectively; the third interface of the third air-water heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the third stage compressor and the inlet of the high-pressure cylinder of the turbine through a ninth branch and a tenth branch respectively; the fourth interface of the third air-water heat exchanger is connected with the air storage through an eleventh branch; each branch is provided with a valve.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the low-temperature heat accumulator is respectively connected with the second interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger, the second air-water heat exchanger and the third air-water heat exchanger through cooling pipelines; the cooling pipeline is provided with a cooler and a cooler bypass in parallel.
A switching method of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
s1, when the compressor unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is opened, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is closed, high-temperature air passes through a heat exchanger and is cooled by a heat exchange medium in a low-temperature heat accumulator, the air is stored in a gas storage after being cooled, and the heat exchange medium absorbs heat and is stored in the high-temperature heat accumulator to finish energy storage of a heat storage and release device;
s2, when the turbine unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is closed, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is opened, low-temperature air in the air storage is heated through a heat exchange medium in the high-temperature heat accumulator, the air enters the expansion machine to apply work after being heated, and the heat exchange medium releases heat and is stored in the low-temperature heat accumulator to finish energy release of the heat storage and release device.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the compressor unit heat storage valve comprises a first valve arranged on a first branch, a third valve arranged on a third branch, a fifth valve arranged on a fifth branch, a seventh valve arranged on a seventh branch and a ninth valve arranged on a ninth branch; the turbine unit heat release valve comprises a second valve arranged on a second branch, a fourth valve arranged on a fourth branch, a sixth valve arranged on a sixth branch, an eighth valve arranged on an eighth branch and a tenth valve arranged on a tenth branch.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: s2, specifically comprising the following steps:
s2.1, when the heat exchange temperature cannot meet the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, closing a bypass valve of the cooler, enabling the heat exchange medium subjected to heat exchange to flow through the cooler for secondary cooling, and storing the heat exchange medium in a low-temperature heat storage tank;
s2.2, when the heat exchange temperature meets the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, opening a bypass valve of the cooler, so that the heat exchange medium subjected to heat exchange is directly stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank through the cooling bypass.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical progress:
1. the invention has simple structure, greatly reduces the number of heat exchangers, improves the service efficiency of the heat exchangers, reduces the occupied area of the heat exchangers, and greatly reduces the project initial investment especially for a large-capacity unit.
2. According to the invention, the heat exchangers are shared during compression and release according to the running time difference of the air compression and expansion processes, so that the complexity of the system is reduced, the recycling rate of heat is improved, and the utilization rate of equipment of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system of the present invention with a common heat exchanger;
wherein, 1, a first-stage compressor, 2, a second-stage compressor, 3, a third-stage compressor, 4, a first air-water heat exchanger, 5, a second air-water heat exchanger, 6, a third air-water heat exchanger, 7, a high-temperature heat accumulator, 8, a cooler, 9, a low-temperature heat accumulator, 10, a gas storage, 11, a turbine high-pressure cylinder, 12, a generator, 13, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder, 14 and a turbine low-pressure cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," … … are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "first", "second" … … can explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
As shown in fig. 1, an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger includes a compressor unit, a turbine unit, a heat storage and release device, and a gas storage 10;
the compressor unit comprises a primary compressor 1, a secondary compressor 2 and a tertiary compressor 3 which are sequentially arranged;
the turbine unit comprises a turbine high-pressure cylinder 11, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder 13 and a turbine low-pressure cylinder 14 which are sequentially connected with the gas storage 10;
the heat storage and release device is respectively connected with the compressor unit and the turbine unit to realize the cooling of the air at the outlet of the compressor unit and the heating of the air at the outlet of the turbine unit.
The heat accumulating and releasing device comprises a first air-water heat exchanger 4, a second air-water heat exchanger 5, a third air-water heat exchanger 6, a high-temperature heat accumulator 7 and a low-temperature heat accumulator 9; the high-temperature heat accumulator 7 is respectively connected with the first interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger 4, the second air-water heat exchanger 5 and the third air-water heat exchanger 6; the low-temperature heat accumulator 9 is respectively connected with the second interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger 4, the second air-water heat exchanger 5 and the third air-water heat exchanger 6;
the third interface of the first air-water heat exchanger 4 is connected with the outlet of the primary compressor 1 and the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder 14 of the turbine through a first branch and a second branch respectively; the fourth interface of the first air-water heat exchanger 4 is connected with the inlet of the second compressor 2 and the outlet of the turbine middle pressure cylinder 13 through a third branch and a fourth branch respectively; the third interface of the second air-water heat exchanger 5 is connected with the outlet of the second-stage compressor 2 and the inlet of the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 13 through a fifth branch and a sixth branch respectively; the fourth interface of the second air-water heat exchanger 5 is connected with the inlet of the third compressor 3 and the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 11 of the turbine through a seventh branch and an eighth branch respectively; the third interface of the third air-water heat exchanger 6 is connected with the outlet of the third stage compressor 3 and the inlet of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 11 through a ninth branch and a tenth branch respectively; the fourth interface of the third air-water heat exchanger 6 is connected with the air storage 10 through an eleventh branch; each branch is provided with a valve.
The low-temperature heat accumulator 9 is respectively connected with the second interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger 4, the second air-water heat exchanger 5 and the third air-water heat exchanger 6 through cooling pipelines; the cooling pipeline is provided with a cooler 8 and a cooler bypass in parallel.
A generator 12 is arranged between the turbine high-pressure cylinder 11 and the turbine medium-pressure cylinder 13, and high-temperature air at the outlet of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 11 enters the generator 12 to generate electricity.
A switching method of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
s1, when the compressor unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is opened, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is closed, high-temperature air passes through a heat exchanger and is cooled by a heat exchange medium in a low-temperature heat accumulator 9, the air is stored in a gas storage 10 after being cooled, and the heat exchange medium absorbs heat and is stored in the high-temperature heat accumulator 7 to finish the energy storage of a heat storage and release device;
the compressor unit heat storage valve comprises a first valve arranged on a first branch, a third valve arranged on a third branch, a fifth valve arranged on a fifth branch, a seventh valve arranged on a seventh branch and a ninth valve arranged on a ninth branch; the turbine unit heat release valve comprises a second valve arranged on a second branch, a fourth valve arranged on a fourth branch, a sixth valve arranged on a sixth branch, an eighth valve arranged on an eighth branch and a tenth valve arranged on a tenth branch.
S2, when the turbine unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is closed, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is opened, low-temperature air in the air storage 10 passes through the heat exchanger and is heated by a heat exchange medium in the high-temperature heat accumulator 7, the air enters the expansion machine to apply work after being heated, and the heat exchange medium releases heat and is stored in the low-temperature heat accumulator 9 to finish energy release of the heat storage and release device;
s2, specifically comprising the following steps:
s2.1, when the heat exchange temperature cannot meet the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, closing a cooler bypass valve, enabling the heat exchange medium subjected to heat exchange to flow through a cooler 8 for secondary cooling, and storing the heat exchange medium in a low-temperature heat storage tank 9;
s2.2, when the heat exchange temperature meets the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, a cooler bypass valve is opened, so that the heat exchange medium subjected to heat exchange is directly stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank 9 through a cooling bypass.
Working principle:
the heat-insulating compressed air energy storage system with a shared heat exchanger adopts a multi-stage compression and multi-stage expansion structure, and the ambient air flows into the air storage 10 after being repeatedly compressed and cooled by a compressor in the compression process, and the air from the air storage is throttled in the expansion process, repeatedly heated and acted by an expander and then discharged to the atmosphere.
The heat storage and release device is provided with a high-temperature heat storage tank 7 and a low-temperature heat storage tank 9, and stores and absorbs the compressed heat high-temperature medium and the cold source medium after expansion heat exchange and cooling respectively.
In the energy storage stage, the temperature of the air at the outlet of the compressor is high, and in order to reduce the temperature of the air, the heat is recovered and compressed, and a heat exchanger is arranged behind each stage of the compressor. The high-temperature air is stored in the air storage 10 after entering from the third interface and being discharged from the fourth interface of the heat exchanger, and the cooling medium is stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 after entering from the second interface and being discharged from the first interface of the heat exchanger after being heated.
In the energy release stage, by utilizing the running time difference of the air compression and expansion processes, the high-temperature heat exchange medium of the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 and the low-temperature air flowing out of the air storage 10 reversely flow through the heat exchanger to exchange heat, the high-temperature heat exchange medium enters from the first interface of the heat exchanger, the second interface is discharged, the low-temperature air enters from the fourth interface of the heat exchanger, the third interface is discharged, and the high-temperature and high-pressure air at the outlet of the heat exchanger enters into the expansion machine to do work, so that the heat is recycled.
After the high-temperature heat exchange medium flows through the heat exchanger, a cooler bypass is arranged, when the heat exchange temperature cannot meet the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, the high-temperature heat exchange medium needs to flow through a cooler 8 for secondary cooling after heat exchange and is stored in a low-temperature heat storage tank 9; when the heat exchange temperature meets the requirement, the heat exchange temperature is directly stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank 9 through a cooling bypass.
In summary, the invention can fully utilize the time difference of heat storage and release, and the heat exchangers are shared during compression and release, thereby reducing the complexity of the system and improving the equipment utilization rate of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage system; on the other hand, the initial investment is reduced by about 10 percent, the initial investment is reduced by about 2 hundred million yuan for the 300MW compressed air energy storage project, and the economic benefit is considerable. At present, the compressed air energy storage project is slightly higher than the pumped storage investment, and the initial investment of the compressed air energy storage project is further reduced after the technical scheme is adopted, so that the development of the booster compressed air energy storage project has important practical significance.
Claims (6)
1. An adiabatic compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger, characterized by: comprises a compressor unit, a turbine unit, a heat storage and release device and a gas storage (10);
the compressor unit comprises a primary compressor (1), a secondary compressor (2) and a tertiary compressor (3) which are sequentially arranged;
the turbine unit comprises a turbine high-pressure cylinder (11), a turbine medium-pressure cylinder (13) and a turbine low-pressure cylinder (14) which are sequentially connected with the gas storage (10);
the heat storage and release device is respectively connected with the compressor unit and the turbine unit to realize the cooling of the air at the outlet of the compressor unit and the heating of the air at the outlet of the turbine unit.
2. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage system of a common heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the heat accumulating and releasing device comprises a first air-water heat exchanger (4), a second air-water heat exchanger (5), a third air-water heat exchanger (6), a high-temperature heat accumulator (7) and a low-temperature heat accumulator (9); the high-temperature heat accumulator (7) is connected with the first interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger (4), the second air-water heat exchanger (5) and the third air-water heat exchanger (6) respectively; the low-temperature heat accumulator (9) is respectively connected with the second interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger (4), the second air-water heat exchanger (5) and the third air-water heat exchanger (6);
the third interface of the first air-water heat exchanger (4) is connected with the outlet of the primary compressor (1) and the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder (14) of the turbine through a first branch and a second branch respectively; the fourth interface of the first air-water heat exchanger (4) is connected with the inlet of the second compressor (2) and the outlet of the middle pressure cylinder (13) of the turbine through a third branch and a fourth branch respectively; the third interface of the second air-water heat exchanger (5) is connected with the outlet of the second-stage compressor (2) and the inlet of the middle pressure cylinder (13) of the turbine through a fifth branch and a sixth branch respectively; the fourth interface of the second air-water heat exchanger (5) is connected with the inlet of the third compressor (3) and the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder (11) of the turbine through a seventh branch and an eighth branch respectively; the third interface of the third air-water heat exchanger (6) is connected with the outlet of the third-stage compressor (3) and the inlet of the high-pressure cylinder (11) of the turbine through a ninth branch and a tenth branch respectively; the fourth interface of the third air-water heat exchanger (6) is connected with the air storage (10) through an eleventh branch; each branch is provided with a valve.
3. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage system of a common heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature heat accumulator (9) is respectively connected with the second interfaces of the first air-water heat exchanger (4), the second air-water heat exchanger (5) and the third air-water heat exchanger (6) through cooling pipelines; the cooling pipeline is provided with a cooler (8) and a cooler bypass in parallel.
4. A switching method of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system sharing a heat exchanger is characterized by comprising the following steps: an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system using a common heat exchanger as claimed in claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, when the compressor unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is opened, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is closed, high-temperature air passes through a heat exchanger and is cooled by a heat exchange medium in a low-temperature heat accumulator (9), the air is stored in a gas storage (10) after being cooled, and the heat exchange medium absorbs heat and is stored in the high-temperature heat accumulator (7) to finish energy storage of a heat storage and release device;
s2, when the turbine unit works, a heat storage valve of the compressor unit is closed, a heat release valve of the turbine unit is opened, low-temperature air in the air storage (10) passes through the heat exchanger and is heated by a heat exchange medium in the high-temperature heat accumulator (7), the air enters the expansion machine to apply work after being heated, and the heat exchange medium releases heat and is stored in the low-temperature heat accumulator (9) to finish energy release of the heat storage and release device.
5. The method of switching an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system for a common heat exchanger of claim 4, wherein: the compressor unit heat storage valve comprises a first valve arranged on a first branch, a third valve arranged on a third branch, a fifth valve arranged on a fifth branch, a seventh valve arranged on a seventh branch and a ninth valve arranged on a ninth branch; the turbine unit heat release valve comprises a second valve arranged on a second branch, a fourth valve arranged on a fourth branch, a sixth valve arranged on a sixth branch, an eighth valve arranged on an eighth branch and a tenth valve arranged on a tenth branch.
6. The method of switching an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system for a common heat exchanger of claim 4, wherein: s2, specifically comprising the following steps:
s2.1, when the heat exchange temperature cannot meet the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, closing a cooler bypass valve, enabling the heat exchange medium subjected to heat exchange to flow through a cooler (8) for secondary cooling, and storing the heat exchange medium in a low-temperature heat storage tank (9);
s2.2, when the heat exchange temperature meets the requirement of next compression of the low-temperature medium, a cooler bypass valve is opened, so that the heat exchange medium subjected to heat exchange is directly stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank (9) through a cooling bypass.
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