CN112901299A - Supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system and method - Google Patents
Supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112901299A CN112901299A CN202110346431.3A CN202110346431A CN112901299A CN 112901299 A CN112901299 A CN 112901299A CN 202110346431 A CN202110346431 A CN 202110346431A CN 112901299 A CN112901299 A CN 112901299A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system and method, the system comprising supercritical CO2Brayton cycle system, CO2Heat pump systems and cryogenic power generation systems; supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system comprises a heat source and supercritical CO2The system comprises a turbine, a high-temperature heat regenerator, a low-temperature heat regenerator, a precooler, a primary compressor, an intercooler, a secondary compressor and a recompressor; CO22The heat pump system comprises a CO2The system comprises a heat pump system compressor, a heat storage heat exchanger, a cooler, a main valve, a throttling device, a bypass valve, a cold storage heat exchanger, a cold storage tank and a cold water pump; the low-temperature power generation system comprises a low-temperature power generation system turbine, a heat regenerator, a cooler, a compressor, a heater, a heat storage working medium pump and a heat storageAnd (7) a tank. The system recycles supercritical CO2The heat released by the precooler and the intercooler in the power generation system is stored after the surplus electric energy of the power grid is adopted to drive the heat pump to improve the quality of the heat, and is released to the low-temperature power generation system to generate power when needed, so that the efficiency is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power generation system, in particular to supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation systems and methods.
Background
Under the large background of energy shortage and environmental crisis, increasing attention is paid to improving energy utilization rate. The supercritical brayton cycle is currently the most advantageous form of cycle among the many thermodynamic cycles. The novel supercritical working medium (carbon dioxide, helium, dinitrogen oxide and the like) has the inherent advantages of high energy density, high heat transfer efficiency, simple system and the like, can greatly improve the heat-work conversion efficiency, reduces the equipment volume and has very high economical efficiency.
On the other hand, with the increase of new energy, especially wind power and solar photovoltaic power generation, the impact effect of new energy power generation to the electric wire netting is more obvious, in order to solve this problem, the energy storage receives more and more attention of people, present energy storage system includes battery energy storage, compressed air energy storage, the energy storage of drawing water etc. and battery energy storage efficiency is the highest, but the cost is too high, a large amount of compressed air need be stored in the compressed air energy storage, the compressed air is stored in special topography such as the cavern of general selection, the energy storage of drawing water needs to establish the reservoir, also need considerable construction volume. The electric heat energy storage is a better energy storage mode, and the general electric heat energy storage is a combined heat pump cycle and a low-temperature power generation cycle. The method comprises the steps of firstly, driving a heat pump by utilizing redundant electric energy, absorbing low-temperature heat from air or river water, increasing the temperature and the pressure of the heat through the heat pump, improving the quality of the heat, then storing the heat, releasing the heat to a low-temperature power generation circulating device when power is needed, and generating power after the low-temperature power generation circulating device absorbs the heat. And the above supercritical CO2When the power generation system operates, equipment such as a precooler needs to release a large amount of low-temperature heat to the outer diameter environment, and the heat isThe temperature is slightly higher than that of the ambient air or water, and if the heat absorbed from the part of the heat source is improved through the heat pump and then stored, the utilization efficiency is higher.
The invention aims at the problem and provides supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system for converting supercritical CO2The heat released by the precooler and the intercooler in the Brayton cycle power generation system is recovered by the heat pump system, the heat pump system improves the quality and stores the heat, and the heat is used for generating power by the low-temperature power generation system when needed. The energy storage efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to improve the utilization efficiency of electrothermal energy storage and provides supercritical CO with electrothermal energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system and method for converting supercritical CO2The heat released by the precooler and the intercooler in the Brayton cycle power generation system is recovered through the heat pump system, the heat pump system improves the quality and stores the heat, and the heat is used for power generation through the low-temperature power generation system when needed, so that the energy storage efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system comprising supercritical CO2Brayton cycle system, CO2Heat pump systems and cryogenic power generation systems;
the supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system comprises a heat source 1-1, an outlet of the heat source 1-1 and supercritical CO2Inlet of turbine 1-2 is communicated with supercritical CO2Turbine 1-2 outlet and supercritical CO2Hot side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator 1-3 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Hot side outlet of high temperature regenerator 1-3 and supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators 1 to 4 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the precoolers 1-5 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Hot side outlet of precooler 1-5 and supercritical CO2The inlets of the first-stage compressors 1-6 are communicated and are in supercritical stateCO2Outlet of the primary compressor 1-6 and supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the intercoolers 1-7 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the intercooler 1-7 is communicated with the inlet of the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor 1-8, the outlet of the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor 1-8 is communicated with the supercritical CO2Cold side inlets of the low temperature heat regenerator 1-4 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Cold side outlet of low temperature regenerator 1-4 and supercritical CO2Cold side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator 1-3 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The other path of the hot side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 and the supercritical CO2The inlet of the recompressor 1-9 is communicated with the supercritical CO2Outlet of recompressor 1-9 and supercritical CO2The cold side outlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators 1 to 4 are converged and then are subjected to supercritical CO2Cold side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator 1-3 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The cold side outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 1-3 is communicated with the inlet of the heat source 1-1;
the CO is2The heat pump system comprises a CO2Heat pump system compressor 2-1, CO2Outlet of heat pump system compressor 2-1 and CO2The hot side inlet of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 is communicated with CO2The hot side outlet and CO of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-22The inlets of the coolers 2-3 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2The outlet of the heat pump system cooler 2-3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with CO2The inlets of the main valves 2-4 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2Heat pump system main valve 2-4 outlet and CO2The inlets of the heat pump system throttling devices 2-5 are communicated, and the other path is communicated with CO2The inlets of the bypass valves 2-6 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system2Heat pump system bypass valve 2-6 outlet and CO2The outlet of the heat pump system throttling device 2-5 is converged and then is mixed with CO2Hot side inlets of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers 2-7 are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers2The hot side outlet and CO of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-72The inlet of the heat pump system compressor 2-1 is communicated with CO2Cold side outlet of heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 and CO2The inlets of the heat pump system cold storage tanks 2-8 are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system cold storage tanks2The outlet of the heat pump system cold storage tank 2-8 and CO2The inlets of cold water pumps 2-9 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, CO2Outlets of cold water pumps 2-9 of the heat pump system are respectively connected with supercritical CO2Cold side inlet of precooler 1-5, supercritical CO2The cold side inlet of the intercooler 1-7 is communicated with the cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3, and supercritical CO is introduced into the system2Cold side outlet of precooler 1-5, supercritical CO2Cold side outlets of the intercoolers 1-7 and the low-temperature power generation system coolers 3-3 are respectively connected with CO2Cold side inlets of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers 2-7 are communicated;
the low-temperature power generation system comprises a low-temperature power generation system turbine 3-1, an outlet of the low-temperature power generation system turbine 3-1 is communicated with a hot side inlet of a low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2, a hot side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2 is communicated with a hot side inlet of a low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3, a hot side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3 is communicated with an inlet of a low-temperature power generation system compressor 3-4, an outlet of the low-temperature power generation system compressor 3-4 is communicated with a cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2, a cold side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2 is communicated with a cold side inlet of a low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5, and a cold side outlet of, the outlet at the hot side of the heater 3-5 of the low-temperature power generation system is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage working medium pump 3-6 of the low-temperature power generation system, and the outlet of the heat storage working medium pump 3-6 of the low-temperature power generation system is communicated with CO2The low-temperature side inlets of the heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system2The outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7, and the outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7 is communicated with the inlet of the hot side of the low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5.
The supercritical CO2The primary compressor 1-6 and the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor 1-8 are coaxial and rotate at the same speed.
The CO is2The inlet pressure of the heat pump system compressor 2-1 is 3 MPa-4 MPa, and the outlet pressure is 24 MPa-30 MPa.
The working method of the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle power generation system with electric heat energy storage is characterized in that the supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system is the main power generation systemSystem, during normal power generation, high pressure CO2Firstly, absorbing heat in a heat source 1-1 to become a high-temperature high-pressure working medium, and allowing the high-temperature high-pressure working medium to enter supercritical CO2The turbine 1-2 does work to generate power and changes into a low-pressure working medium, and the low-pressure working medium firstly enters supercritical CO2Hot side of high temperature regenerator 1-3, then supercritical CO2The hot side of the low temperature regenerator 1-4 releases heat, followed by CO2The working medium is divided into two paths, and one path of working medium enters the supercritical CO2The hot side of the precooler 1-5 continuously releases heat, and then the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium enters the supercritical CO21-6 of the first-stage compressor is pressurized and then enters supercritical CO2Heat released from the hot side of the intercooler 1-7 enters the supercritical CO2The secondary compressor 1-8 continues to boost pressure, and the boosted working medium enters supercritical CO2Absorbing heat from the cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 to remove supercritical CO2Another path of working medium which is branched from the hot side outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 1-4 directly enters the supercritical CO2The recompressor 1-9 is boosted and then brought into contact with supercritical CO2The working media absorbed by the cold sides of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 are converged and enter supercritical CO2The cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator 1-3 continuously absorbs heat, and finally enters the heat source 1-1 to be heated to a preset temperature to finish the whole supercritical CO2A Brayton cycle;
CO when there is no surplus electric energy to store in the grid2Main valve 2-4 of heat pump system is closed, CO2The bypass valve 2-6 of the heat pump system is opened, and the low-temperature power generation system does not work; at this time, CO2The heat pump system only completes supercritical CO2Role of the Brayton cycle Cooling System, CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 does not need to discharge CO2The working medium pressure is greatly increased, and only the flow resistance needs to be overcome, CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 drives the working medium to flow through CO2The heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 enters CO2The heat pump system cooler 2-3 is cooled, and then the working medium passes through CO2The heat pump system enters CO after a bypass valve 2-62The hot side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 finally enters CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 completes a cooling loop circulation; CO22The cooling water loop of the heat pump system keeps normal operation, CO2Heat pumpCooling water in system cold storage tanks 2-8 is cooled by CO22 cold water pump 2-9 of heat pump system is pumped out and drives the cold water pump to enter CO21-5 cold side of precooler, supercritical CO2Cooling water from CO after absorbing heat at 1-7 cold side of intercooler and 3-3 cold side of low-temperature power generation system cooler21-5 cold side of precooler, supercritical CO2The cold sides of the intercoolers 1-7 and the cooler 3-3 of the low-temperature power generation system flow out and are converged to enter CO2The cold side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 is cooled and then returned to CO22-8 parts of heat pump system cold storage tank;
when redundant electric energy needs to be stored in the power grid, CO2Opening a main valve 2-4 of a heat pump system, and CO2The bypass valve 2-6 of the heat pump system is closed, and the low-temperature power generation system does not work; at this time, CO2The heat pump system not only plays a role of supercritical CO2The role of the Brayton cycle system cooling system is to store the excess electric energy as heat energy; CO22Heat pump system compressor 2-1 CO lift2Working medium pressure, excess electrical energy through CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 does work and is converted into thermoelectricity, and the working medium after being pressurized and heated flows through CO2The heat of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 is released to the heat storage medium at the hot side and then enters CO2The heat pump system cooler 2-3 is cooled and then passed through CO2After the main valve 2-4 of the heat pump system, in CO2Throttling and desuperheating in a heat pump system throttling device 2-5, and then in CO2The hot side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 releases low-temperature cold energy to cooling water; the heat storage working medium pump 3-6 of the low-temperature power generation system transfers the high-temperature heat storage medium to CO2The low-temperature side of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 absorbs heat and then stores the heat in a low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7;
when more electric energy needs to be supplemented in the power grid, the low-temperature power generation system starts to work, and the supercritical CO is used for supplying power2Brayton cycle system and CO2The heat pump system continues to operate; the high-temperature medium stored in the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7 flows into the hot side of the low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5 to release heat, and then continues to flow from the CO through the low-temperature power generation system heat storage working medium pump 3-62The heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 absorbs heat and returns to the low-temperature power generation system for storageIn hot tanks 3-7; the low-temperature power generation working medium is heated at the cold side of a heater 3-5 of the low-temperature power generation system and then enters a turbine 3-1 of the low-temperature power generation system to do work, the working medium which does work releases heat at the hot side of a regenerator 3-2 of the low-temperature power generation system and then enters a cooler 3-3 of the low-temperature power generation system to be continuously cooled, the cooled medium enters the low-temperature side of the regenerator 3-2 of the low-temperature power generation system through the pressurization of a compressor 3-4 of the low-temperature power generation system to absorb the heat and then enters the cold side of the heater 3-5 of the low-temperature power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle power generation system with electric heat energy storage utilizes the heat released by the supercritical CO2 cycle precooler and the intercooler, the temperature of the heat is higher than that of the air or river water in the environment, and when the overheat pump system is reused after the quality is improved, the heat efficiency of the system can be effectively increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 1, a supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2Brayton cycle power generation system comprising supercritical CO2Brayton cycle system, CO2Heat pump systems and cryogenic power generation systems; supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system comprises a heat source 1-1 and supercritical CO2Turbine 1-2, supercritical CO21-3 high temperature heat regenerator and supercritical CO21-4 low-temperature heat regenerator and supercritical CO21-5 precooler, supercritical CO21-6 stage compressor, supercritical CO21-7 of intercooler, supercritical CO2Two stage compressor 1-8 and supercritical CO21-9 of a recompressor; CO22The heat pump system comprises a CO2Heat pump system compressor 2-1, CO2Heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 and CO of heat pump system2Heat pump system cooler 2-3, CO2Main valve 2-4 of heat pump system, CO2A heat pump system throttling device 2-5,CO2Bypass valve 2-6, CO of heat pump system22-7 parts of cold storage heat exchanger and CO of heat pump system2Heat pump system cold storage tank 2-8 and CO22-9 parts of a cold water pump of the heat pump system; the low-temperature power generation system comprises a low-temperature power generation system turbine 3-1, a low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2, a low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3, a low-temperature power generation system compressor 3-4, a low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5, a low-temperature power generation system heat storage working medium pump 3-6 and a low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7.
Outlet of the heat source 1-1 and supercritical CO2Inlet of turbine 1-2 is communicated with supercritical CO2Turbine 1-2 outlet and supercritical CO2Hot side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator 1-3 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Hot side outlet of high temperature regenerator 1-3 and supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators 1 to 4 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the precoolers 1-5 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Hot side outlet of precooler 1-5 and supercritical CO2The inlets of the first-stage compressors 1-6 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is generated2Outlet of the primary compressor 1-6 and supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the intercoolers 1-7 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the intercooler 1-7 is communicated with the inlet of the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor 1-8, the outlet of the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor 1-8 is communicated with the supercritical CO2Cold side inlets of the low temperature heat regenerator 1-4 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Cold side outlet of low temperature regenerator 1-4 and supercritical CO2Cold side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator 1-3 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The other path of the hot side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 and the supercritical CO2The inlet of the recompressor 1-9 is communicated with the supercritical CO2Outlet of recompressor 1-9 and supercritical CO2The cold side outlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators 1 to 4 are converged and then are subjected to supercritical CO2Cold side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator 1-3 are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The cold side outlet of the high temperature regenerator 1-3 is communicated with the inlet of the heat source 1-1.
The CO is2Outlet of heat pump system compressor 2-1 and CO2Hot side inlet of heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2Connected at the mouth by CO2The hot side outlet and CO of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-22The inlets of the coolers 2-3 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2The outlet of the heat pump system cooler 2-3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with CO2The inlets of the main valves 2-4 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2Heat pump system main valve 2-4 outlet and CO2The inlets of the heat pump system throttling devices 2-5 are communicated, and the other path is communicated with CO2The inlets of the bypass valves 2-6 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system2Heat pump system bypass valve 2-6 outlet and CO2The outlet of the heat pump system throttling device 2-5 is converged and then is mixed with CO2Hot side inlets of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers 2-7 are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers2The hot side outlet and CO of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-72The inlet of the heat pump system compressor 2-1 is communicated with CO2Cold side outlet of heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 and CO2The inlets of the heat pump system cold storage tanks 2-8 are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system cold storage tanks2The outlet of the heat pump system cold storage tank 2-8 and CO2The inlets of cold water pumps 2-9 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the system2Outlets of cold water pumps 2-9 of the heat pump system are respectively connected with supercritical CO2Cold side inlet of precooler 1-5, supercritical CO2The cold side inlet of the intercooler 1-7 is communicated with the cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3, and supercritical CO is introduced into the system2Cold side outlet of precooler 1-5, supercritical CO2Cold side outlets of the intercoolers 1-7 and the low-temperature power generation system coolers 3-3 are respectively connected with CO2The cold side inlets of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers 2-7 are communicated.
The outlet of the low-temperature power generation system turbine 3-1 is communicated with the hot side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2, the hot side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2 is communicated with the hot side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3, the hot side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler 3-3 is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature power generation system compressor 3-4, the outlet of the low-temperature power generation system compressor 3-4 is communicated with the cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2, the cold side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator 3-2 is communicated with the cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5, and the cold side outlet of the low-temperature power generationThe ports are communicated, the outlet of the hot side of the heater 3-5 of the low-temperature power generation system is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage working medium pump 3-6 of the low-temperature power generation system, the outlet of the heat storage working medium pump 3-6 of the low-temperature power generation system is communicated with CO2The low-temperature side inlets of the heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system2The outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7, and the outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7 is communicated with the inlet of the hot side of the low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supercritical CO2The primary compressor 1-6 and the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor 1-8 are coaxial and rotate at the same speed.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said CO2The inlet pressure of the heat pump system compressor 2-1 is 3 MPa-4 MPa, the outlet pressure is 24 MPa-30 MPa, the outlet temperature of the CO2 heat pump can reach higher design temperature (above 300 ℃) within the pressure range, the heat efficiency of the heat pump system is higher, and meanwhile, the cold end temperature can meet the cooling requirement of a supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle power generation system.
The specific working process of the system comprises the following steps:
supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system is the main power generation system, during normal power generation, high pressure CO2Firstly, absorbing heat in a heat source 1-1 to become a high-temperature high-pressure working medium, and allowing the high-temperature high-pressure working medium to enter supercritical CO2The turbine 1-2 does work to generate power and changes into a low-pressure working medium, and the low-pressure working medium firstly enters supercritical CO2Hot side of high temperature regenerator 1-3, then supercritical CO2The hot side of the temperature regenerator 1-4 releases heat, then the CO2 working medium is divided into two paths, and one path of working medium enters the supercritical CO2The hot side of the precooler 1-5 continuously releases heat, and then the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium enters the supercritical CO21-6 of the first-stage compressor is pressurized and then enters supercritical CO2Heat released from the hot side of the intercooler 1-7 enters the supercritical CO2The secondary compressor 1-8 continues to boost pressure, and the boosted working medium enters supercritical CO2Absorbing heat from the cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 to remove supercritical CO2Another path of working medium which is branched from the hot side outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 1-4 directly enters the supercritical CO2The recompressor 1-9 is boosted and then brought into contact with supercritical CO2The working media absorbed by the cold sides of the low-temperature heat regenerator 1-4 are converged and enter supercritical CO2The cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator 1-3 continuously absorbs heat, and finally enters the heat source 1-1 to be heated to a preset temperature to finish the whole supercritical CO2The brayton cycle.
CO when there is no surplus electric energy to store in the grid2Main valve 2-4 of heat pump system is closed, CO2And (4) opening bypass valves 2-6 of the heat pump system, and enabling the low-temperature power generation system not to work. At the moment, the CO2 heat pump system only completes supercritical CO2Role of the Brayton cycle Cooling System, CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 does not need to discharge CO2The working medium pressure is greatly increased, and only the flow resistance needs to be overcome, CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 drives the working medium to flow through CO2The heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 enters CO2The heat pump system cooler 2-3 is cooled, and then the working medium passes through CO2The heat pump system enters CO after a bypass valve 2-62The hot side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 finally enters CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 completes a cooling loop cycle. CO22The cooling water loop of the heat pump system keeps normal operation, CO2Cooling water in heat pump system cold storage tanks 2-8 is cooled by CO2The cold water pump 2-9 of the heat pump system pumps the CO and drives the CO to enter21-5 cold side of precooler, supercritical CO2Cooling water from CO after absorbing heat at 1-7 cold side of intercooler and 3-3 cold side of low-temperature power generation system cooler21-5 cold side of precooler, supercritical CO2The cold sides of the intercoolers 1-7 and the cooler 3-3 of the low-temperature power generation system flow out and are merged, then the cold sides enter the cold storage heat exchanger 2-7 of the CO2 heat pump system to be cooled, and then the cold sides return to the CO2 heat pump system to be returned2And 2-8 heat pump system cold storage tanks.
When redundant electric energy needs to be stored in the power grid, CO2Opening a main valve 2-4 of a heat pump system, and CO2The bypass valves 2-6 of the heat pump system are closed, and the low-temperature power generation system does not work. At this time, CO2The heat pump system not only plays a role of supercritical CO2The role of the brayton cycle system cooling system is also to store excess electrical energy as heat energy. CO22Heat pump systemCompressor 2-1 compresses CO2The working medium pressure is increased to a higher pressure, and the redundant electric energy passes through CO2The heat pump system compressor 2-1 does work and is converted into thermoelectricity, and the working medium after being pressurized and heated flows through CO2The heat of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 is released to the heat storage medium at the hot side and then enters CO2The heat pump system cooler 2-3 is cooled and then passed through CO2After the main valve 2-4 of the heat pump system, in CO2Throttling and desuperheating in a heat pump system throttling device 2-5, and then in CO2The cold energy of low temperature is released to cooling water by the hot side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger 2-7. The heat storage working medium pump 3-6 of the low-temperature power generation system transfers the high-temperature heat storage medium to CO2The heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 absorbs heat at the low temperature side and then stores the heat in the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7.
When more electric energy needs to be supplemented in the power grid, the low-temperature power generation system starts to work, and the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle system and the CO are used2The heat pump system continues to operate. The high-temperature medium stored in the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7 flows into the hot side of the low-temperature power generation system heater 3-5 to release heat, then continuously absorbs heat from the CO2 heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger 2-2 through the low-temperature power generation system heat storage working medium pump 3-6, and returns to the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank 3-7. The low-temperature power generation working medium is heated at the cold side of a heater 3-5 of the low-temperature power generation system and then enters a turbine 3-1 of the low-temperature power generation system to do work, the working medium which does work releases heat at the hot side of a regenerator 3-2 of the low-temperature power generation system and then enters a cooler 3-3 of the low-temperature power generation system to be continuously cooled, the cooled medium enters the low-temperature side of the regenerator 3-2 of the low-temperature power generation system through the pressurization of a compressor 3-4 of the low-temperature power generation system to absorb the heat and then enters the cold side of the heater 3-5 of the low-temperature power.
But supercritical CO as shown in FIG. 12Other layouts of the brayton cycle power generation system do not affect the application of the present invention, and the present invention is also applicable to other layouts of the supercritical cycle system, so the supercritical brayton cycle system of the present invention is a supercritical brayton cycle system in a broad sense, and is not limited to the illustrated layout. For example, other supercritical Brayton cycle systems may be employedA staged turbine system, or a turbine system with reheat, may also be used without a split recompression system, i.e., only one main compressor is used, there is no recompressor in the figure, and the two regenerators in the figure are combined into one regenerator, etc.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage2The Brayton cycle power generation system is characterized by comprising supercritical CO2Brayton cycle system, CO2Heat pump systems and cryogenic power generation systems;
the supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system comprises a heat source (1-1), an outlet of the heat source (1-1) and supercritical CO2The inlet of the turbine (1-2) is communicated with the supercritical CO2Outlet of turbine (1-2) and supercritical CO2Hot side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator (1-3) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Hot side outlet of high temperature regenerator (1-3) and supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators (1-4) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (1-4) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the precoolers (1-5) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the precooler (1-5) and the supercritical CO2The inlets of the first-stage compressors (1-6) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Outlet of the primary compressor (1-6) and supercritical CO2The hot side inlets of the intercoolers (1-7) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2The hot side outlet of the intercooler (1-7) is communicated with the inlet of the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor (1-8), and the outlet of the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor (1-8) is communicated with the supercritical CO2The cold side inlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators (1-4) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Cold side outlet of low temperature regenerator (1-4) and supercritical CO2Of high-temperature regenerators (1-3)The inlet of the cold side is communicated with the supercritical CO2The other path of the hot side outlet of the low-temperature regenerator (1-4) and the supercritical CO2The inlets of the recompressors (1-9) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2Outlet of recompressor (1-9) and supercritical CO2The cold side outlets of the low-temperature heat regenerators (1-4) are converged and then are connected with supercritical CO2The cold side inlets of the high temperature heat regenerator (1-3) are communicated with each other, and supercritical CO is adopted2A cold side outlet of the high-temperature regenerator (1-3) is communicated with an inlet of the heat source (1-1);
the CO is2The heat pump system comprises a CO2Heat pump system compressor (2-1), CO2The outlet of the heat pump system compressor (2-1) and CO2The hot side inlets of the heat storage heat exchangers (2-2) of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2The hot side outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) of the heat pump system and CO2The inlets of the coolers (2-3) of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2The outlet of the cooler (2-3) of the heat pump system is divided into two paths, one path is connected with CO2The inlets of the main valves (2-4) of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is2The outlet of the main valve (2-4) of the heat pump system and CO2The inlet of the throttling device (2-5) of the heat pump system is communicated with the other path of the throttling device and CO2The inlets of the bypass valves (2-6) of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system2The outlet of the bypass valve (2-6) of the heat pump system and CO2The outlet of the throttling device (2-5) of the heat pump system is converged and then is connected with CO2The hot side inlets of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers (2-7) are communicated with each other, and CO is introduced into the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers2The hot side outlet of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger (2-7) and CO2The inlet of the heat pump system compressor (2-1) is communicated with CO2Cold side outlet of heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger (2-7) and CO2The inlets of the heat pump system cold storage tanks (2-8) are communicated with each other, and CO is2The outlet of the heat pump system cold storage tank (2-8) and CO2The inlets of cold water pumps (2-9) of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO2The outlets of cold water pumps (2-9) of the heat pump system are respectively connected with supercritical CO2Cold side inlet of precooler (1-5), supercritical CO2The cold side inlet of the intercooler (1-7) is communicated with the cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler (3-3), and supercritical CO is introduced into the system2Cold side outlet of precooler (1-5), supercritical CO2Cold side outlet of intercooler (1-7), cold side of low temperature power generation system cooler (3-3)The outlet is respectively connected with CO2The cold side inlets of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchangers (2-7) are communicated;
the low-temperature power generation system comprises a low-temperature power generation system turbine (3-1), wherein an outlet of the low-temperature power generation system turbine (3-1) is communicated with a hot side inlet of a low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator (3-2), a hot side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator (3-2) is communicated with a hot side inlet of a low-temperature power generation system cooler (3-3), a hot side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system cooler (3-3) is communicated with an inlet of a low-temperature power generation system compressor (3-4), an outlet of the low-temperature power generation system compressor (3-4) is communicated with a cold side inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator (3-2), a cold side outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator (3-2) is communicated with a cold side inlet of a low-temperature power generation system heater (3-5), and a cold side outlet of the low-temperature 1) The inlet of the low-temperature power generation system heater (3-5) is communicated with the inlet of the heat storage working medium pump (3-6) of the low-temperature power generation system, the outlet of the heat storage working medium pump (3-6) of the low-temperature power generation system is communicated with the CO2The low-temperature side inlets of the heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) of the heat pump system are communicated with each other, and CO is contained in the heat pump system2An outlet at the low-temperature side of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) is communicated with an inlet of a low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank (3-7), and an outlet of the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank (3-7) is communicated with an inlet at the hot side of a low-temperature power generation system heater (3-5).
2. Supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage according to claim 12Brayton cycle power generation system, characterized in that the supercritical CO2The primary compressor (1-6) and the supercritical CO2 secondary compressor (1-8) are coaxial and rotate at the same speed.
3. Supercritical CO with electric heat energy storage according to claim 12Brayton cycle power generation system, wherein the CO is2The inlet pressure of the heat pump system compressor (2-1) is 3 MPa-4 MPa, and the outlet pressure is 24 MPa-30 MPa.
4. A charged thermal energy storage super-capacitor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3The working method of the critical CO2 Brayton cycle power generation system is characterized in that the supercritical CO2The Brayton cycle system is the main power generation system, during normal power generation, high pressure CO2Firstly, absorbing heat in a heat source (1-1) to become a high-temperature high-pressure working medium, and enabling the high-temperature high-pressure working medium to enter supercritical CO2The turbine (1-2) does work to generate power and changes into a low-pressure working medium, and the low-pressure working medium firstly enters the supercritical CO2Hot side of high temperature regenerator (1-3) and then supercritical CO2The hot side of the low temperature regenerator (1-4) releases heat followed by CO2The working medium is divided into two paths, and one path of working medium enters the supercritical CO2The hot side of the precooler (1-5) continuously releases heat, and then the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium enters into the supercritical CO2The first-stage compressor (1-6) is pressurized and then enters supercritical CO2The hot side of the intercoolers (1-7) releases heat and then enters the supercritical CO2The secondary compressor (1-8) continues to boost pressure, and the boosted working medium enters into supercritical CO2The cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator (1-4) absorbs heat from supercritical CO2Another path of working medium which is branched from the hot side outlet of the low-temperature regenerator (1-4) directly enters the supercritical CO2The recompressor (1-9) is boosted and subsequently brought into contact with supercritical CO2The working medium absorbed by the cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator (1-4) is converged and enters supercritical CO2The cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator (1-3) continuously absorbs heat, and finally enters the heat source (1-1) to be heated to a preset temperature to complete the whole supercritical CO2A Brayton cycle;
CO when there is no surplus electric energy to store in the grid2The main valve (2-4) of the heat pump system is closed, CO2A bypass valve (2-6) of the heat pump system is opened, and the low-temperature power generation system does not work; at this time, CO2The heat pump system only completes supercritical CO2Role of the Brayton cycle Cooling System, CO2The heat pump system compressor (2-1) does not need to discharge CO2The working medium pressure is greatly increased, and only the flow resistance needs to be overcome, CO2The heat pump system compressor (2-1) drives the working medium to flow through CO2The heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) enters CO2The heat pump system cooler (2-3) is cooled, and then the working medium passes through CO2The heat pump system enters CO after a bypass valve (2-6)2Heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger (2-7)) Hot side, finally, CO2The heat pump system compressor (2-1) completes a cooling loop circulation; CO22The cooling water loop of the heat pump system keeps normal operation, CO2Cooling water in the heat pump system cold storage tank (2-8) is cooled by CO22 cold water pump (2-9) of heat pump system pumps and drives the cold water pump to enter CO2Cold side of precooler (1-5), supercritical CO2The cold side of the intercooler (1-7), the cold side of the low-temperature power generation system cooler (3-3) and cooling water from CO after heat absorption2Cold side of precooler (1-5), supercritical CO2The cold side of the intercooler (1-7) and the cold side of the low-temperature power generation system cooler (3-3) flow out and are converged to enter CO2The cold side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger (2-7) is cooled and then returned to CO2A heat pump system cold storage tank (2-8);
when redundant electric energy needs to be stored in the power grid, CO2The main valve (2-4) of the heat pump system is opened, CO2A bypass valve (2-6) of the heat pump system is closed, and the low-temperature power generation system does not work; at this time, CO2The heat pump system not only plays a role of supercritical CO2The role of the Brayton cycle system cooling system is to store the excess electric energy as heat energy; CO22Heat pump system compressor (2-1) CO lifting2Working medium pressure, excess electrical energy through CO2The heat pump system compressor (2-1) does work and is converted into thermoelectricity, and the working medium after being pressurized and heated flows through CO2The hot side of the heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) of the heat pump system releases heat to a heat storage medium and then enters CO2The heat pump system cooler (2-3) is cooled and then passed through CO2After the main valve (2-4) of the heat pump system, in CO2Throttling and desuperheating in a heat pump system throttling device (2-5), and then in CO2The hot side of the heat pump system cold storage heat exchanger (2-7) releases low-temperature cold energy to cooling water; the heat storage working medium pump (3-6) of the low-temperature power generation system transfers the high-temperature heat storage medium to CO2The low-temperature side of the heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) absorbs heat and then stores the heat in a low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank (3-7);
when more electric energy needs to be supplemented in the power grid, the low-temperature power generation system starts to work, and the supercritical CO is used for supplying power2Brayton cycle system and CO2The heat pump system continues to operate; storage in heat storage tank (3-7) of low-temperature power generation systemThe stored high-temperature medium flows into the hot side of a heater (3-5) of the low-temperature power generation system to release heat, and then continues to flow from CO through a heat storage working medium pump (3-6) of the low-temperature power generation system2The heat pump system heat storage heat exchanger (2-2) absorbs heat and returns to the low-temperature power generation system heat storage tank (3-7); a low-temperature power generation working medium is heated at the cold side of a low-temperature power generation system heater (3-5), then enters a low-temperature power generation system turbine (3-1) to do work, the working medium after doing work releases heat at the hot side of a low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator (3-2), then enters a low-temperature power generation system cooler (3-3) to be continuously cooled, the cooled medium enters the low-temperature side of the low-temperature power generation system heat regenerator (3-2) to absorb heat through the pressurization of a low-temperature power generation system compressor (3-4), and then enters the cold side of the low-temperature power generation system heater (3-5) to be continuously heated, and the whole cycle is completed.
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