CN214366074U - Soft rock tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soft rock tunnel boring machine belongs to tunnel construction technical field, and it has solved among the prior art that tunnelling equipment influences big, the construction degree of difficulty and the higher problem of cost to soft rock stratum when the tunnelling, and it includes: the excavator is fixedly connected with a quick-change connector, and one side of the quick-change connector, which is far away from the excavator body, is respectively detachably connected with a cutting device and a crushing device; the utility model reduces the rock internal stress by carrying out grid type and cutting on the tunnel face, realizes the whole part of the whole tunnel face to be divided into parts, and reduces the excavation difficulty of the tunnel face; the utility model discloses utilize the excavator to remove convenient, the nimble characteristics of work arm, through big arm of control excavator and forearm, realize that cutting device removes the different positions of face and cuts.

Description

Soft rock tunnel boring machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the tunnel construction, specifically belong to a soft rock tunnel boring machine.

Background

Currently, with the continuous expansion of the scale of engineering construction in China, tunnel construction in China has an unprecedented development opportunity, and the tunnel construction in China also undoubtedly becomes a world tunnel kingdom. Soft rock is an engineering rock mass which can generate obvious deformation under the action of engineering force, and at present, three main methods are used for the construction of soft rock stratum tunnels in China: drilling and blasting, shield method and cantilever excavator method.

The drilling and blasting method is a traditional construction method for breaking rock mass by blasting explosive to open a cavern, and the rock mass is broken to form a loose state due to blasting influence after tunnel excavation, so that collapse is easily caused; the shield method is a fully mechanized construction method in the construction of the undercut method, it is to impel the shield machinery in the ground, prevent the collapse to the tunnel in through shield outer casing and segment support surrounding rock, excavate the soil body with the cutting device in front of the excavation face at the same time, transport out of the hole through the unearthing machinery, lean on the jack to pressurize and jack in the rear portion, and assemble the precast concrete segment, form a mechanized construction method of the tunnel structure, its construction process does not influence the ground traffic, but the section adaptive capacity to the variable size of section is poor and the equipment cost is high; the cantilever heading machine is a combined unit capable of realizing cutting, loading and transporting, self-walking and spray dust removal, but the cantilever heading machine has large equipment investment and high construction cost. Therefore, tunneling equipment with small influence on the stratum, low construction difficulty and low cost is urgently needed for tunneling the soft rock stratum.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem that tunnelling equipment influences greatly, the construction degree of difficulty and cost are higher to soft rock stratum when the tunnelling among the prior art, the utility model provides a soft rock tunnel boring machine, its aim at: and the soft rock tunnel is subjected to grid cutting, so that the internal stress of the rock stratum is reduced, and the excavation difficulty is reduced.

The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

a soft rock tunneling machine comprising: the excavator, the rigid coupling has the quick change over connector on the excavator, the quick change over connector keeps away from one side of excavator body and can dismantle and be connected with cutting device and breaker, breaker is for milling the head or assault the quartering hammer, it includes frame, fourth hydraulic motor and tool bit to mill the head, the frame with quick change over connector rigid coupling, fourth hydraulic motor sets firmly the frame is kept away from one side of quick change over connector, fourth hydraulic motor with the tool bit rotates to be connected, assault the quartering hammer and include cylinder body and drill rod, one side of cylinder body with quick change over connector rigid coupling, the opposite side of cylinder body is connected with the piston rod, the tip that the cylinder body was kept away from to the piston rod with the drill rod rigid coupling.

By adopting the scheme, the existing excavator is improved, the quick switching connector is arranged on the forearm of the excavator, the cutting device is arranged on the quick switching connector, the two valves are additionally arranged on the hydraulic system of the original excavator, and the quick switching connector is connected with the control system of the excavator operating room through the hydraulic circuit to realize the control of the cutting device; the utility model reduces the rock internal stress by carrying out grid type and cutting on the tunnel face, realizes the whole part of the whole tunnel face to be divided into parts, and reduces the excavation difficulty of the tunnel face; the utility model utilizes the characteristics of convenient movement and flexible working arm of the excavator, realizes the longitudinal movement of the cutting device on the tunnel face by controlling the big arm and the small arm of the excavator, and realizes the transverse movement of the cutting device on the tunnel face by utilizing the crawler-type structure at the bottom of the excavator; the utility model discloses use the quick switching connector to carry out the switching of cutting mode and crushing mode, change cutting device into breaker, the quick switching connector adopts hydraulic drive centre gripping each cutter, but various tunnelling cutters (cutting device, breaker) of quick replacement or installation, easy operation is swift, and mode switching time is less than 20 minutes, has effectively improved the work efficiency of tunnel tunnelling, has guaranteed the successful tunnelling in soft rock tunnel;

the utility model provides a breaker rotates through excavator hydraulic system drive fourth hydraulic motor to it is rotatory to drive the tool bit, thereby carries out tunnel rock cutting excavation.

The pump station of the excavator provides power to drive the piston rod in the cylinder body to reciprocate, so that the drill rod generates high-frequency crushing acting force, the rock stratum generates a crack, impact crushing or crushing state, and tunneling of the tunnel is realized.

Preferably, the cutting device is a cutting chain saw, the cutting chain saw comprises a transverse moving device, a longitudinal moving device, a pushing cutting device and a cutter rotating device, one side of the longitudinal moving device is detachably connected with the quick switching connector, the cutter rotating device is fixedly arranged on one side of the longitudinal moving device far away from the quick switching connector, the transverse moving device is fixedly arranged on one side of the cutter rotating device far away from the longitudinal moving device, the pushing cutting device is fixedly arranged on one side of the transverse moving device far away from the cutter rotating device, and a diamond chain saw is fixedly arranged on the pushing cutting device. Adopt this preferred scheme, the utility model provides a cutting device can carry out horizontal and fore-and-aft latticed cutting to the tunnel face, through lateral shifting device, longitudinal movement device, cutter rotary device and propulsion cutting device, realizes the rotation of diamond chain saw, impels the cutting, changes diamond chain saw's cutting position and horizontal and longitudinal cutting.

To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses to current excavator improvement, install the quick change over connector on the excavator forearm, install cutting device on the quick change over connector to increase two way valve newly on the hydraulic system of original excavator, be connected through the control system of hydraulic circuit with the excavator control chamber, realize cutting device's control, use the utility model discloses when tunnelling soft rock tunnel, at first control cutting device and carry out horizontal and longitudinal net formula cutting with the tunnel face, then pull down cutting device and change breaker and carry out the broken tunnelling to the tunnel face after the cutting, replaced blasting method construction, avoided the rock intensity reduction that the blasting vibration caused, the structure is not hard up, large tracts of land collapse scheduling problem, also replaced and used large-scale mechanical construction such as cantilever entry driving machine and shield structure machine, the effectual construction cost that reduces; the utility model reduces the rock internal stress by carrying out grid type and cutting on the tunnel face, realizes the whole part of the whole tunnel face to be divided into parts, and reduces the excavation difficulty of the tunnel face; the utility model utilizes the characteristics of convenient movement and flexible working arm of the excavator, realizes the longitudinal movement of the cutting device on the tunnel face by controlling the big arm and the small arm of the excavator, and realizes the transverse movement of the cutting device on the tunnel face by utilizing the crawler-type structure at the bottom of the excavator; the utility model discloses use the quick change over connector to carry out the switching of cutting mode and broken mode, change cutting device for breaker, the quick change over connector adopts each cutter of hydraulic drive centre gripping, but quick replacement or various tunnelling cutters of installation (cutting device, breaker), easy operation is swift, and mode conversion time is less than 20 minutes, has effectively improved the work efficiency that the tunnel was tunneled, has guaranteed the successful tunnelling in soft rock tunnel.

2. The utility model provides a cutting device can carry out horizontal and fore-and-aft latticed cutting to the tunnel face, through lateral shifting device, longitudinal movement device, cutter rotary device and propulsion cutting device, realizes the rotation of diamond chain saw, impels the cutting, changes diamond chain saw's cutting position and horizontal and longitudinal cutting.

3. The utility model provides a crushing device, which drives a fourth hydraulic motor to rotate through an excavator hydraulic system so as to drive a tool bit to rotate, thereby performing cutting excavation on tunnel rocks; the pump station of the excavator provides power to drive the piston rod in the cylinder body to reciprocate, so that the drill rod generates high-frequency crushing acting force, the rock stratum generates a crack, impact crushing or crushing state, and tunneling of the tunnel is realized.

Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of: the utility model discloses a concrete embodiment's side view angle schematic diagram.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of: another embodiment of the present invention is a schematic side view angle diagram.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of: the present invention, in another embodiment, is a side view angle schematic.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of: the utility model discloses a cutting chain saw's a specific embodiment's side view angle schematic diagram.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of: the utility model discloses a cutting chain saw's a specific embodiment's main visual angle schematic diagram.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of: the utility model discloses a normal view angle schematic diagram.

Reference numerals: 1-an excavator; 2-a quick-change connector; 3-cutting the chain saw; 4-a lateral movement device; 5-longitudinal moving means; 6-advancing the cutting device; 7-tool rotating means; 8-diamond chain saw; 9-milling and digging a head; 10-a machine base; 11-a fourth hydraulic motor; 12-a cutter head; 13-impact breaker hammer; 14-a cylinder body; 15-a drill rod; 16-a piston rod; 17-; 18-a longitudinally moving platform; 19-a first hydraulic motor; 20-a first lead screw; 21-a rotary hydraulic motor; 22-a second hydraulic motor; 23-a second lead screw; 24-a hydraulic cylinder; 25-a third hydraulic motor; 26-a metal shield; 27-support rollers; 28-optical axis.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

A soft rock tunneling machine comprising: excavator 1, the rigid coupling has quick change over connector 2 on excavator 1, quick change over connector 2 keeps away from one side of excavator 1 and can dismantle and be connected with cutting device and breaker.

The cutting device is a cutting chain saw 3, the cutting chain saw 3 comprises a transverse moving device 4, a longitudinal moving device 5, a pushing cutting device 6 and a cutter rotating device 7, one side of the longitudinal moving device 5 is detachably connected with the quick switching connector 2, the cutter rotating device 7 is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the quick switching connector 2, of the longitudinal moving device 5, the transverse moving device 4 is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the longitudinal moving device 5, of the cutter rotating device 7, the pushing cutting device 6 is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the cutter rotating device 7, of the transverse moving device 4, and a diamond chain saw 8 is fixedly arranged on the pushing cutting device 6.

The crushing device is a milling and digging head 9, the milling and digging head 9 comprises a machine base 10, a fourth hydraulic motor 11 and a cutter head 12, the machine base 10 is fixedly connected with the quick-change connector 2, the fourth hydraulic motor 11 is fixedly arranged on one side, far away from the quick-change connector 2, of the machine base 10, and the fourth hydraulic motor 11 is rotatably connected with the cutter head 12.

The crushing device is an impact crushing hammer 13, the impact crushing hammer 13 comprises a cylinder body 14 and a drill rod 15, one side of the cylinder body 14 is fixedly connected with the quick-change connector 2, the other side of the cylinder body 14 is connected with a piston rod 16, and the end part, far away from the cylinder body 14, of the piston rod 16 is fixedly connected with the drill rod 15.

A construction method of a soft rock tunnel boring machine comprises the following steps:

step A: installing a quick-change connector on the excavator, and installing a cutting device on the quick-change connector;

and B: controlling a cutting device to cut the tunnel face through an excavator, and cutting the tunnel face into a plurality of block faces;

and C: disassembling the cutting chain saw and installing the crushing device on the quick switching connector;

step D: controlling a crushing device to crush each block surface through an excavator;

step E: and the crushed dregs are conveyed out of the tunnel through a slag discharging device at the bottom of the excavator and a belt conveyor.

In the above embodiment, the existing excavator 1 is improved, the shovel head of the excavator 1 is removed, the quick-change connector 2 is installed at the front end of the forearm of the excavator 1, various tools such as a cutting chain saw 3, a milling and digging head 9, an impact breaking hammer and the like can be installed at the front end of the quick-change connector 2, and a corresponding hydraulic locking mechanism is arranged at the front end of the quick-change connector 2 and can clamp and fix the tools; and two valves are additionally arranged on an original hydraulic system of the excavator 1, the hydraulic circuit is connected with a control system in an operating room of the excavator 1, the control of a cutting chain saw 3 is realized, mode switching is needed after grid cutting is carried out on a tunnel section, the cutting chain saw 3 is replaced by a milling and digging head 9 or an impact breaking hammer, the quick switching connector 2 is driven by hydraulic pressure, a movable clamping plate is pushed to move by a second hydraulic cylinder, various tunneling accessories (the cutting chain saw 3, the breaking hammer, the milling and digging head 9, a bucket and the like) can be installed in a quick replacement mode, a crawler-type walking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the excavator 1, the cutting of the whole tunnel section in the width direction can be realized by moving the position of the excavator 1, and a slag discharging device is further designed at the bottom of the excavator 1 and comprises a star wheel type slag scraping device, a hydraulic system and a feeding belt conveyor. The broken slag can be conveyed to a slag car behind the tunneling machine in a centralized manner and conveyed out of the tunnel, the star wheel type slag scraping device is driven by a low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic pump station of the excavator 1 provides power to collect materials. The hydraulic system can telescopically adjust the inclination angle of the shovel plate and is reasonably configured according to the conveying speed and the conveying capacity of the feeding belt conveyor.

The used cutting chain saw 3 is divided into four parts, namely a longitudinal moving device 5 for realizing the longitudinal cutting of the diamond chain saw 8, a transverse moving device 4 for realizing the transverse cutting of the diamond chain saw 8, a cutter rotating device 7 for changing the cutting direction of the diamond chain saw 8, a cutting device 6 for pushing the diamond chain saw 8 into the tunnel face,

the specific longitudinal moving device 5 comprises a longitudinal moving platform, one side of the longitudinal moving platform is fixedly connected with the quick switching connector 2, one side of the longitudinal moving platform, which is far away from the quick switching connector 2, is fixedly provided with a first hydraulic motor, the first hydraulic motor is fixedly connected with a first lead screw, one end of the first lead screw is fixedly connected with the first hydraulic motor through a first coupler, the other end of the first lead screw is fixedly connected with the transverse moving device 4 through a first bearing seat, and the cutter rotating device 7 is fixedly connected with the first lead screw through a first moving frame; the longitudinal motion of diamond chain saw 8 is realized through the rotation of first hydraulic motor drive first lead screw, one side of first lead screw is provided with corresponding guide roller, first lead screw is through first shaft coupling and first hydraulic motor output shaft chain saw, the both ends of first lead screw set up the support bearing frame, first lead screw stroke extreme position sets up spacing inductor, first lead screw outside sets up the organ safety cover, prevent that the dregs from carrying out the moving part in the course of the work, guarantee equipment life, the steel construction back of longitudinal movement platform sets up hydraulic damper, can effectively cushion the impact load and the vibration of equipment work progress.

The specific cutter rotating device 7 comprises a rotating workbench, one side of the rotating workbench is fixedly connected with a first moving frame on a longitudinal moving platform through a bolt, the other side of the rotating workbench is fixedly connected with a transverse moving device 4, a rotating hydraulic motor is arranged in the rotating workbench, the rotating hydraulic motor is rotatably connected with the rotating workbench through a turbine and a worm, the hydraulic motor drives a worm turbine mechanism to move to realize that an upper workbench surface rotates, and the cutting direction of the diamond chain saw 8 is changed.

The transverse moving device 4 comprises a transverse moving platform, one side of the transverse moving platform is connected with the rotary worktable table surface bolt chain saw, the other side of the beam moving platform is fixedly provided with a second hydraulic motor, the second hydraulic motor is fixedly connected with a second lead screw, one end of the second lead screw is fixedly connected with the second hydraulic motor through a second coupler, the other end of the second lead screw is fixedly connected with the transverse moving platform through a second bearing seat, and the propelling cutting device 6 is fixedly connected with the second lead screw through a second moving frame; the second hydraulic motor drives the second lead screw to rotate to achieve transverse movement of the diamond chain saw 8, the second lead screw is connected with an output shaft of the second hydraulic motor through a second coupler, and supporting bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the second lead screw.

The specific propulsion cutting device 6 comprises a propulsion cutting platform, one side of the propulsion cutting platform is fixedly connected with a moving frame of the transverse moving device 4 through a bolt, the other side of the propulsion cutting platform is provided with the diamond chain saw 8, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the propulsion cutting platform, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod, one end, far away from a third hydraulic pressure, of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a third hydraulic motor, and the third hydraulic motor is rotatably connected with the diamond chain saw 8; impel the tunnel section with diamond chain saw 8 through the pneumatic cylinder, the optical axis direction, pneumatic cylinder and optical axis outside set up scalable metal protection casing, prevent that cutting process dregs from falling down and damaging the moving part, it sets up a plurality of elasticity auxiliary stay gyro wheels promptly to impel cutting platform's front end on the casing of metal protection casing, the during operation digs the machine and walks to the tunnel section of supporting roller conflict, it stops to dig the machine, the pneumatic cylinder drives diamond chain saw 8 and impels the cutting forward, can effectively adapt to the tunnel section of unevenness, guarantee diamond chain saw 8 cutting process's stability.

The bottom of the excavator is provided with a slag discharging device, the slag discharging device comprises a star wheel type slag scraping device, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a feeding belt conveyor, crushed slag is conveyed to a slag car behind the excavator in a centralized mode through the slag discharging device, and the crushed slag is conveyed out of the tunnel through the slag car. The star wheel type slag scraping device is driven by a low-speed large-torque hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic pump station of the excavator provides power to collect materials. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder can telescopically adjust the inclination angle of the shovel plate and is reasonably configured according to the conveying speed and the conveying capacity of the feeding belt conveyor.

The fast conversion connector 2, the automatic control principle technology, etc. referred to in this application are all prior art, and therefore, they are not specifically described in this application.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (2)

1. A soft rock tunnel boring machine, comprising: the excavator comprises an excavator (1), wherein a quick-change connector (2) is fixedly connected to the excavator (1), one side, far away from the excavator (1), of the quick-change connector (2) is detachably connected with a cutting device and a crushing device, the crushing device is a milling and digging head (9) or an impact breaking hammer (13), the milling and digging head (9) comprises a machine base (10), a fourth hydraulic motor (11) and a tool bit (12), the machine base (10) is fixedly connected with the quick-change connector (2), the fourth hydraulic motor (11) is fixedly arranged on one side, far away from the quick-change connector (2), of the machine base (10), the fourth hydraulic motor (11) is rotatably connected with the tool bit (12), the impact breaking hammer (13) comprises a cylinder body (14) and a drill rod (15), one side of the cylinder body (14) is fixedly connected with the quick-change connector (2), the other side of the cylinder body (14) is connected with a piston rod (16), and the end part of the piston rod (16) far away from the cylinder body (14) is fixedly connected with the drill rod (15).

2. A soft rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting device is a cutting chain saw (3), the cutting chain saw (3) comprises a transverse moving device (4), a longitudinal moving device (5), a pushing cutting device (6) and a cutter rotating device (7), one side of the longitudinal moving device (5) is detachably connected with the quick switching connector (2), the cutter rotating device (7) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the quick switching connector (2), of the longitudinal moving device (5), the transverse moving device (4) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the longitudinal moving device (5), of the cutter rotating device (7), the pushing cutting device (6) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the cutter rotating device (7), of the transverse moving device (4), and a diamond chain saw (8) is fixedly arranged on the pushing cutting device (6).

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