CN214332666U

CN214332666U - System device for improving economy of thermal generator set

Info

Publication number: CN214332666U
Application number: CN202022717129.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹治平
Original assignee: Shenzhen Bozhong Energy Conservation Engineering Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Bozhong Energy Conservation Engineering Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-12
Filing date: 2020-11-12
Publication date: 2021-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-12

Abstract

A system device for improving the economical efficiency of a thermal generator set belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and is technically characterized in that an auxiliary condenser is additionally arranged in conventional thermal power generation design system equipment; the auxiliary condenser is connected with a conventional condenser in parallel, air is used as a cooling medium for the auxiliary condenser, a cooling air collecting region is arranged on the auxiliary condenser, and the air collecting region is connected with a blower and a primary fan inlet of a boiler through an air duct; the auxiliary condenser is used as the flowing power of the cooling air by means of the suction acting force of the blower and the primary fan, and no power equipment is needed to be arranged additionally. The system device has the functions of improving the temperature of primary air and secondary air without additional energy consumption, and improving the efficiency of the boiler and the efficiency of the steam turbine.

Description

System device for improving economy of thermal generator set

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal generator sets, in particular to a system device applied to improving the economy of a thermal generator set.

Background

The working process of thermal power generation is that chemical energy of fuel is converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam heat energy, the high-temperature high-pressure steam expands in a turbine to do work, and the heat energy is converted into mechanical kinetic energy of the turbine, so that a generator is driven to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy to be transmitted to a power grid user, about 280-400 g of standard coal is consumed when the generator set generates 1KW of electric power, and the power generation coal consumption is required to be reduced to 300 g/KWH in order to meet the environmental protection requirement of global warming, and the requirement of China on reducing the power generation coal consumption to 300 g/KWH provides new requirements for the electric power industry of China. The total cyclic heat efficiency of the straight condensing type generator set is 30-42%, namely the efficiency of effectively converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy is 30-42%, and other 60-70% of chemical energy is wasted in a heat energy mode in the power generation process and cannot be effectively utilized, so that new energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies still need to be developed and utilized. Energy conservation and consumption reduction also become the pursuit target of never stopping the power people.

The economic indicators for measuring thermal power generation are as follows: the circulating heat efficiency, the coal consumption rate and the plant power consumption rate of the generator set. The total efficiency expression of the thermal power generation is as follows: eta 3600Pe/B Q eta₁·η₂·η₃Where Pe is the power generation power, B is the amount of coal to be burned, Q is the heat value of the coal, eta₁、η₂、η₃The total efficiency of the generator set cycle, the boiler efficiency, the steam turbine efficiency and the generator efficiency are respectively. Therefore, the coal burning quantity is reduced, the power generation efficiency can be improved, the carbon dioxide emission is reduced, the emission of greenhouse gases is controlled, and the power generation fuel cost can be reduced.

The thermal power generation equipment mainly comprises three power equipment, namely a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the three power equipment consists of a plurality of sub-equipment and systems, for example, the boiler is provided with a primary air fan system and an air supply and guide fan system, the primary air fan system provides pulverized coal drying heat energy and pulverized coal conveying power for a pulverizing system, and the primary air temperature determines the ignition heat intensity, the ignition distance and the combustion stability of the pulverized coal; the air feeder provides air for the boiler to support combustion and stabilize combustion, and the secondary air temperature determines the combustion length and the burnout condition of the coal powder, so that the exhaust gas temperature can be reduced by increasing the primary air temperature and the secondary air temperature, the boiler efficiency is improved, and the coal burning amount is reduced. Similarly, the steam turbine is provided with a condenser and a vacuum system thereof, the level of a vacuum value, namely the magnitude of the temperature and the pressure of a final parameter, also influences the power generation economy, so that technical personnel in the industry are always dedicated to research and develop a technology for reducing the final parameter, namely improving the vacuum or reducing the temperature and the pressure of exhaust steam, in the link of reducing the final parameter, although the flow of a cooling medium can be increased to reduce the final parameter, the cost of increasing the flow of the medium is that the electric energy consumption needs to be increased, and when the electric energy consumption increased by increasing the flow of the medium is greater than the benefit obtained by reducing the final parameter, the flow of the cooling medium is increased without meaning unless a cooling medium which does not need to increase the energy consumption is developed to condense part of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method has the advantages that the primary air temperature and the secondary air temperature are improved under the condition of no energy consumption, the boiler efficiency is improved, the coal burning quantity is saved, and meanwhile, the final parameters of the steam turbine are reduced, namely the vacuum value of a condenser is improved, and the steam turbine efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to improving the efficiency of a steam turbine and improving the efficiency of a boiler. In the thermal power industry, a boiler and a steam turbine are often divided into two major devices, except that water and steam are connected with the two major power devices through pipelines, the two major power devices are designed and operated independently in other aspects, and are also independently researched in the technical research and development of improving the overall circulation efficiency respectively, and main systems and subsystems of the two major devices are never directly connected, so that the thinking of technical personnel is restricted to obtain a more superior new technical scheme. The invention relates to a technical scheme which can improve the cycle efficiency or the economical efficiency of a thermal power generating unit by relating certain seemingly unrelated devices of a boiler and a steam turbine.

As mentioned above, increasing the flow rate of the cooling medium can reduce the final parameter, but with increased energy consumption, the reduction of the final parameter to the design value will necessarily fail with less benefit than input, unless a positive benefit is obtained with zero input or less input than output benefit. Then, there are such ideal conditions or techniques? This is the technical problem to be solved by the present invention.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an auxiliary condenser is additionally designed, the auxiliary condenser adopts air as a cooling medium, and the auxiliary condenser is shown in the attached figure 2: the cold air flows through and condenses a part of steam turbine exhaust after the auxiliary condenser, heats the air to a certain temperature simultaneously, and this process is in fact to retrieve the partial originally waste heat of being discharged to the environment, and the forced draught blower and the primary air fan entry of boiler are carried to the air that is heated to the wind-warm syndrome has been improved, the combustion situation of fuel can be effectively improved: the ignition heat is reduced, the ignition point is shortened, the fuel burnout state is improved, the smoke exhaust temperature is reduced, and the boiler efficiency is improved; and the newly-added auxiliary condenser cooling medium does not need to be additionally provided with power equipment for conveying, so that the aim of reducing final parameters is fulfilled with zero energy consumption investment while waste heat emission is reduced, and the reduction of the final parameters means the improvement of the cycle efficiency of the power generation unit because the cycle thermal efficiency of the steam turbine is in direct proportion to the enthalpy difference between the initial parameters and the final parameters. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention can obtain double improvement of the efficiency of the steam turbine and the efficiency of the boiler. According to the specification of eta 3600Pe/B & Q, the heat value Q of the coal is determined, so that the coal-fired quantity B can be reduced inevitably on the premise of the same power generation quantity Pe after eta is increased, and the invention is an energy-saving emission-reducing technical scheme!

A system device for improving the economy of a thermal generator set comprises three power devices, namely a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator of the thermal generator set, wherein the boiler is provided with a primary fan system and a blower system, the steam turbine is provided with a condenser and a vacuum system thereof, and the condenser and the vacuum system thereof are mutually independent of the primary fan system and the blower system; a system device for improving the economy of a thermal generator set is characterized in that: an auxiliary condenser is additionally arranged and connected with the original condenser in parallel, and the auxiliary condenser adopts cold air as a cooling medium; the auxiliary condenser is provided with an air channel, an air inlet and an air outlet, an air collection chamber is arranged at the air outlet and is respectively connected with the primary air fan and the air feeder inlet through an air channel, the air collection chamber is used as the flowing power of the air which is the cooling medium of the newly added auxiliary condenser by virtue of the suction acting force of the air feeder and the primary air fan, and air supply power equipment is not needed.

Drawings

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention: in the figure: 1. a boiler; 2. a steam turbine; 3. a generator; 4. a condenser; 5. a water pump; 6. a preheater; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a chimney; 9. a blower; 10. a primary air fan; 11. a coal mill; 12. auxiliary condenser

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a conventional design system of the present invention: in the figure: 1. a boiler; 2. a steam turbine; 3. a generator; 4. a condenser; 5. a water pump; 6. a preheater; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a chimney; 9. a blower; 10. a primary air fan; 11. coal mill

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

For easy understanding, a condensate pump and a feed pump of conventional design are combined into a water pump, and a feed water backheating system and an oxygen and salt removing system are omitted, as shown in fig. 2: the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: 1. a boiler; 2. a steam turbine; 3. a generator; 4. a condenser; 5. A water pump; 6. a preheater; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a chimney; 9. a blower; 10. a primary air fan; 11. a coal mill; 12. an auxiliary condenser, wherein 1, a boiler; 2. a steam turbine; 3. a generator; 4. a condenser; 5. a water pump; 6. a preheater; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a chimney; 9. a blower; 10. a primary air fan; 11. on the basis that the coal mills are conventional system equipment, the embodiment is additionally provided with an auxiliary condenser 12, the auxiliary condenser 12 is connected with the condenser 4 in parallel, namely, a steam exhaust pipe is connected to the auxiliary condenser 12 from the steam exhaust device of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and after steam is condensed into water in the auxiliary condenser 12, the condensed water is converged into a water tank of the condenser 4 through a pipeline; on the other hand, cold air enters a through-flow pipe of the auxiliary condenser 12, flows out to a gas collection area after heat exchange, the gas collection area is connected with inlets of a blower and a primary fan through air ducts, and the heated air respectively enters the blower and the primary fan, so that the air is used as self flowing power by virtue of suction acting forces of the blower and the primary fan without special arrangement of other power equipment, and the purposes of obtaining the cooling medium, namely the flowing performance of the air, of the auxiliary condenser 12 and finishing the steam exhaust of a steam turbine of a condensation part, namely reducing final parameters or improving vacuum, are achieved by zero energy consumption investment.

Especially in winter, when the temperature is lower than minus or even tens of degrees, the temperature of the inlet air of the fan is too low, which is not favorable for the stability and the economy of the boiler combustion.

The present embodiment is applicable to a wet cooling power generation unit and an air cooling power generation unit having a primary air blower and a blower device.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make appropriate changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments based on the disclosure and guidance of the above description, and such changes and modifications should also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system device for improving the economy of a thermal generator set comprises three power devices, namely a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator of the thermal generator set, wherein the boiler is provided with a primary fan system and a blower system, the steam turbine is provided with a condenser and a vacuum system thereof, and the condenser and the vacuum system thereof are mutually independent of the primary fan system and the blower system; a system device for improving the economy of a thermal generator set is characterized in that: an auxiliary condenser is additionally arranged and connected with the original condenser in parallel, and the auxiliary condenser adopts cold air as a cooling medium; the auxiliary condenser is provided with an air channel, an air inlet and an air outlet, an air collection chamber is arranged at the air outlet and is respectively connected with the primary air fan and the air feeder inlet through an air channel, the air collection chamber is used as the flowing power of the air which is the cooling medium of the newly added auxiliary condenser by virtue of the suction acting force of the air feeder and the primary air fan, and air supply power equipment is not needed.