CN214299995U - Device for treating oil shale - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a handle device of oil shale belongs to oil shale system oil technical field, the utility model discloses a handle device of oil shale, include: a crushing station, a drying preheating device, a horizontal pyrolysis device and a horizontal calcining device; the crushing station comprises a first crusher and a second crusher, the first crusher crushes large oil shale into small oil shale, the second crusher crushes the small oil shale into particle oil shale, the horizontal pyrolysis device comprises a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln and a horizontal heating kiln arranged on the periphery of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, a pyrolysis chamber is limited in the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, a heating chamber is limited in the horizontal heating kiln, the horizontal calcining device comprises a horizontal calcining rotary kiln, and a calcining chamber is limited in the horizontal calcining rotary kiln. The embodiment of the utility model provides a can be applied to products such as oil shale treatment facility, shale oil extraction equipment.

Description

Device for treating oil shale

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The utility model relates to an oil shale system oil technical field especially relates to handle oil shale's device.

[ background of the invention ]

Oil shale is an oil-bearing ore and is widely distributed worldwide. A plurality of provinces in China are distributed, and the reserves are considerable. The total oil-bearing reserves of oil shale are a disposable natural energy source greater than natural petroleum. When the existing oil shale processing equipment is used for processing oil shale, all shale oil in the oil shale is difficult to extract, more resource waste can be caused, particularly, the shale oil in the large oil shale can not be extracted, the pyrolysis residue after the shale oil is extracted can not be well processed, the environmental pollution can be caused, and the pyrolysis residue can not be fully utilized.

[ Utility model ] content

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that overcome prior art not enough and provide the device of handling oil shale, improve oil gas output, reduce the wasting of resources.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

an apparatus for treating oil shale, comprising: a crushing station for crushing the oil shale; the drying preheating device is used for preheating the oil shale; the horizontal pyrolysis device is used for pyrolyzing the oil shale; the horizontal calcining device is separated from the horizontal pyrolysis device and is used for calcining pyrolysis slag generated by the horizontal pyrolysis device; the crushing station comprises a first crusher and a second crusher, the first crusher crushes large oil shale into small oil shale, the second crusher crushes the small oil shale into particle oil shale, the horizontal pyrolysis device comprises a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln and a horizontal heating kiln arranged on the periphery of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, a pyrolysis chamber is limited in the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, a heating chamber is limited in the horizontal heating kiln, the horizontal calcining device comprises a horizontal calcining rotary kiln, and a calcining chamber is limited in the horizontal calcining rotary kiln.

The utility model provides a handle device of oil shale, through first breaker and second breaker, break into the fritter oil shale with bold oil shale, break into littleer granule oil shale with the littleer oil shale again, reduce the particle size of oil shale, enable the oil shale to be more easily heated and extract oil gas, in order to improve the oil yield, through the preliminary treatment of drying device and stoving preheating device, eliminate moisture and partial organic substance that contain, horizontal pyrolysis device and horizontal calcining device are used for the pyrolysis oil shale, extract shale oil and gas, and handle the oil shale sediment after the pyrolysis; the pyrolysis part and the calcination part of the oil shale are carried out in two different devices, the horizontal pyrolysis device is used for pyrolyzing the oil shale, and the horizontal calcination device is used for calcining the pyrolysis slag, so that the oil shale can be fully heated, the pyrolysis slag is not in a pyrolysis chamber, the influence of oil gas is not required to be considered, organic substances contained in the pyrolysis slag can be fully combusted and eliminated, and mineral substances are fully decomposed and reconstructed;

the oil shale is placed into a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln for heating pyrolysis, and the oil shale can move along the inner wall of a pyrolysis chamber to be fully heated, so that oil gas in the oil shale can be completely extracted, the ore utilization rate is high, and the output of shale oil and gas is improved; the pyrolysis slag can gradually move along the inner wall of the calcining chamber in the horizontal heating kiln and cannot directly move to the tail end of the calcining chamber, so that the pyrolysis slag can be fully heated, and organic matters contained in the pyrolysis slag are eliminated; different from the prior art, horizontal pyrolysis device only carries out the pyrolysis to oil shale, can not use too high temperature to handle the indoor pyrolysis sediment of pyrolysis.

Furthermore, the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln is matched with the horizontal heating kiln in a rotating mode, and a plurality of burners and a plurality of gas inlets are arranged on the horizontal heating kiln at intervals along the length direction. There is relative rotation between horizontal heating kiln and the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, it is even to enable horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln to be heated, the difference in temperature can not appear in all oil shales in the pyrolysis chamber, it is even to be heated, can be carried oil gas by better heating, be equipped with a plurality of gas entries on the horizontal heating kiln, the combustor is used for lighting the gas that enters into in the gas entry, can make the different positions in the heating chamber all have the gas combustion to the pyrolysis chamber heating, can make the temperature in the pyrolysis chamber keep even, oil shale can be better be heated and draw shale oil.

Furthermore, the two ends of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln are provided with a riding wheel set which is in running fit with the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, the middle part of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a first driving device which controls the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln to rotate, and a first material guide plate which is distributed along the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber in a vortex shape is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber. Horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln can be supported to the riding wheel group of horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln both sides, first drive arrangement only is responsible for driving horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln and rotates, the pressure that receives is little, the load is little, long service life, the first stock guide of vortex form distribution can guide oil shale to remove, make oil shale turn over in the pyrolysis chamber to fry the roll, and carry out spacingly to oil shale, enable oil shale and remove along the pyrolysis chamber inner wall gradually, the oil shale stagnation can not appear or directly reachs the terminal condition of pyrolysis chamber, in order to guarantee to extract the oil gas in the oil shale completely.

Furthermore, two ends of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln are provided with supporting devices which are in running fit with the horizontal calcining rotary kiln, the middle part of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln is provided with a second driving device which controls the horizontal calcining rotary kiln to rotate, and the inner wall of the calcining chamber is provided with a second material guide plate which is distributed along the inner wall of the calcining chamber in a vortex shape. Through strutting arrangement, can reduce horizontal rotary kiln to second drive arrangement's pressure of calcining, thereby can not influence the rotation because of the weight of itself, second drive arrangement can control horizontal rotary kiln of calcining and rotate, make it be heated evenly, pyrolysis slag in the calcining chamber can fully contact with the gas, get rid of organic substance, the second stock guide that the vortex form distributes can guide pyrolysis slag to remove, it rolls to make pyrolysis slag turn over the stir-fry in the calcining chamber, and carry on spacingly to pyrolysis slag, enable pyrolysis slag and move along the calcining chamber inner wall upset, can make pyrolysis slag and calcining chamber gas contact abundant in the horizontal rotary kiln rotation in-process of calcining, pyrolysis slag stagnation can not appear or directly reach the terminal condition of calcining chamber, in order to guarantee that pyrolysis slag can be fully calcined and form and calcine the shale sediment.

Further, the device for processing the oil shale further comprises a calcined shale slag collecting device and a calcined shale slag processing device, wherein the calcined shale slag processing device comprises a pulverizing station and a transfer unit arranged between the pulverizing station and the calcined shale slag collecting device. The calcining shale slag after sufficient combustion is collected by the calcining shale slag collecting device and then is convenient for centralized processing, the powder grinding station can process the calcining shale slag to grind the calcining shale slag into building material gelled material, the utilization rate of the oil shale is improved, the economic benefit generated by the oil shale is further improved, and the transfer unit is used for transferring the calcining shale slag into the powder grinding station.

Furthermore, a slag collecting cavity for collecting the calcined shale slag is defined in the calcined shale slag collecting device, a slag discharging port is formed in the bottom wall of the slag collecting cavity, and a slag discharging gate is arranged at the slag discharging port. The calcined shale slag entering the slag collecting cavity can be accumulated on the slag discharge gate and blocked by the slag discharge gate so as not to be moved out from the slag discharge port, the temperature in the calcining chamber can be reduced to be leaked when the slag discharge gate is closed, in addition, the temperature reduction speed of the calcined shale slag can be slowed down, and the heat loss is reduced.

Furthermore, the slag collecting cavity is communicated with the calcining chamber, and the lower end of the slag collecting cavity is arranged corresponding to the transfer unit. Calcining shale slag and directly entering into the sediment chamber from the calcining chamber and piling up in, can directly drop and convey on the transfer unit after falling out the sediment chamber from the row cinder notch.

Furthermore, a gas collecting tower is arranged between the horizontal pyrolysis device and the horizontal calcining device, a collecting chamber used for collecting oil gas and pyrolysis slag is arranged in the gas collecting tower, and the collecting chamber is communicated with the pyrolysis chamber and the calcining chamber. Pyrolysis residue after accomplishing the pyrolysis can enter into the gas collecting tower with oil gas earlier in, and can directly not discharge the pyrolysis residue into the calcining chamber, can reduce the oxygen that enters into the pyrolysis chamber, can also make things convenient for the collection of oil gas.

Furthermore, the upper end of the collection chamber is an oil gas outlet, and the lower end of the collection chamber is a pyrolysis residue outlet. Pyrolysis residue and oil gas leave the gas collecting tower from different parts of the collecting chamber, and the collection of the oil gas and the discharge of the pyrolysis residue cannot interfere with each other.

These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in more detail in the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[ description of the drawings ]

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for treating oil shale according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal pyrolysis device and a horizontal calcining device in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal calcining rotary kiln in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a horizontal calcining rotary kiln in the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a crushing station 100;

a screw feeder 200;

a drying preheating device 300, a drying preheating chamber 310 and a preheating gate 320;

the horizontal pyrolysis device 400, the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, the pyrolysis chamber 411, the first material guide plate 4111, the raw material inlet 412, the excess material outlet 413, the horizontal heating kiln 420, the heating chamber 421, the hot air material guide plate 4211, the tail gas discharge port 422, the gas inlet 423, the burner 4231, the valve assembly 424, the first driving device 430 and the riding wheel group 440;

the horizontal calcining device 500, the horizontal calcining rotary kiln 510, the calcining chamber 520, the second material guide plate 521, the pyrolysis slag inlet 530, the calcined shale slag outlet 540, the tail gas pipeline 541, the gas pipe 550, the exhaust pipe 560, the second driving device 570 and the supporting device 580;

the gas collecting tower 600, the collecting chamber 610, the extraction opening 620, the induced draft fan 630 and the slag discharge gate 640;

the device comprises a calcined shale slag collecting device 700, a slag collecting cavity 710, a slag discharge port 720 and a slag discharge gate 730;

the device comprises a calcined shale slag processing device 800, a grinding station 810, a transfer unit 820, a conveyor 821 and a cooling device 822.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and explained below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the embodiment, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for treating oil shale, including: a crushing station 100 for crushing the oil shale; the drying and preheating device 300 is used for drying and preheating the oil shale; a horizontal pyrolysis apparatus 400 for pyrolyzing the oil shale; and the horizontal calcining device 500 is used for calcining the pyrolysis slag generated by the horizontal pyrolyzing device 400.

Wherein, crushing station 100 includes first breaker and second breaker, and first breaker is jaw breaker, and the second breaker is the double tooth roller crusher, and first breaker is broken into the fritter oil shale with bold oil shale, and the second breaker is broken into granule oil shale with the fritter oil shale, reduces the particle size of oil shale, enables oil shale and is changeed the heat and draw oil gas to improve the oil yield.

The crushed granular oil shale is firstly put into a drying preheating device 300 for drying and preheating before being pyrolyzed, moisture and partial organic matters are removed, and the oil shale is prevented from agglomerating, wherein the drying preheating device 300 is provided with a drying preheating chamber 310, the drying preheating chamber 310 is divided into a drying zone and a preheating zone, the temperature of the drying zone is kept between 100 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the temperature of the preheating zone is kept between 200 ℃ and 400 ℃.

The horizontal pyrolysis apparatus 400 includes a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 and a horizontal heating kiln 420 disposed at the periphery of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, a pyrolysis chamber 411 communicated with the drying and preheating chamber 310 is defined in the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, a heating chamber 421 is defined in the horizontal heating kiln 420, the horizontal calcination apparatus 500 includes a horizontal calcination rotary kiln 510, and a calcination chamber 520 is defined in the horizontal calcination rotary kiln 510. The gas burner is installed to horizontal pyrolysis device feed end, and the combustor improves pyrolysis chamber feed inlet temperature, can also blow off the granule oil shale that the stoving preheating chamber got into the pyrolysis chamber.

Horizontal pyrolysis device 400 is used for pyrolysis oil shale, draw shale oil and gas, oil shale's pyrolysis temperature is at 400 ℃ -600 ℃, under this temperature, enable the abundant pyrolysis of oil shale, and can not influence the pyrolysis effect because of too high temperature, oil shale is put into horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 and is heated the pyrolysis, oil shale can remove and obtain the intensive heating along pyrolysis chamber 411 inner wall, thereby can extract the oil gas in the oil shale completely, ore utilization is rateed highly, the output of shale oil and gas has been improved, the gas is not directly let in the pyrolysis chamber 411 and is burnt, thereby the condition of explosion can not appear.

In the above-mentioned, the pyrolysis is that the material is heated and takes place the reaction process of decomposition, and the pyrolysis includes several kinds of reactions, as preferred the utility model discloses in, what actually go on is the dry distillation, and the dry distillation is solid or organic matter heating decomposition's under the isolated air condition reaction process, generates various gas, steam and solid residue, the utility model discloses oil shale pyrolysis needs isolated oxygen in order to avoid oil gas and oxygen to take place the reaction and the condition that the explosion appears, consequently adopts the mode of dry distillation more suitable, and among the dry distillation product, gas includes shale oil steam, and solid residue includes the pyrolysis residue (or dry distillation residue).

The both ends of pyrolysis chamber 411 are feedstock entry 412 and clout export 413 respectively, and in oil shale entered into pyrolysis chamber 411 from feedstock entry 412, the oil shale of accomplishing the pyrolysis became the pyrolysis sediment and is discharged from clout export 413, and feedstock entry 412 highly is higher than clout export 413's height, can make things convenient for oil shale's removal, the condition that oil shale piled up in pyrolysis chamber 411 entry position department can not appear.

The horizontal calcining device 500 is used for treating the pyrolyzed oil shale, the calcining chamber 520 is used for calcining pyrolysis slag, fuel gas is introduced into the calcining chamber 520 for sufficient combustion, the pyrolysis slag is sufficiently calcined to eliminate harmful organic substances, the contained mineral substances are sufficiently decomposed and reconstructed, the activity and the gelatinization are improved to form pollution-free calcined shale slag, the discharged tail gas is also clean gas, the temperature for calcining the pyrolysis slag is 800-1500 ℃, and the pyrolysis slag can be sufficiently decomposed at the temperature.

The calcining chamber 520 has one end with a pyrolysis residue inlet 530 and the other end with a calcined shale residue outlet 540, and the pyrolysis residue inlet 530 is higher than the calcined shale residue outlet 540, so that the pyrolysis residue can be conveniently moved without the occurrence of the condition that the pyrolysis residue is accumulated at the position of the pyrolysis residue inlet 530.

The pyrolysis part and the calcination part of the oil shale are performed in two different devices, the horizontal pyrolysis device 400 is used for pyrolyzing the oil shale, and the horizontal calcination device 500 is used for calcining the pyrolysis slag, so that the oil shale can be sufficiently heated, and the pyrolysis slag is not in the pyrolysis chamber 411 and does not need to be considered to influence oil gas.

Be equipped with gas collection tower 600 between horizontal pyrolysis device 400 and the horizontal calcining device 500, be equipped with the collection room 610 that is used for collecting oil gas and pyrolysis sediment in the gas collection tower 600, collect room 610 and pyrolysis room 411 and calcining chamber 520 intercommunication respectively, it is equipped with extraction opening 620 to collect the room 610 upper end, extraction opening 620 department is equipped with draught fan 630 so that pyrolysis room 411 keeps the negative pressure environment, avoid oxygen to enter into pyrolysis room 411 from extraction opening 620 in, thereby the condition of explosion can not appear, the production process is comparatively safe.

The preheated oil shale can directly enter the pyrolysis chamber 411, the heat loss of the oil shale in the transfer process is reduced, oxygen entering the pyrolysis chamber 411 is reduced, the residue outlet 413 is connected with the collection chamber 610, oxygen entering the pyrolysis chamber 411 from the residue outlet 413 in the process of sending out pyrolysis slag and oil gas can be reduced, the pyrolysis slag can directly enter the calcining chamber 520 from the collection chamber 610, and the heat loss of the pyrolysis slag is reduced.

In order to improve the utilization rate of energy, the horizontal heating kiln 420 is also provided with a tail gas discharge port 422, and the tail gas discharge port 422 is communicated with the drying preheating chamber 310, so that high-temperature tail gas generated in the heating chamber 421 can be introduced into the drying preheating chamber 310, the temperature is improved, the preheating effect is enhanced, the oil shale can be fully heated, the heat of fuel gas is fully utilized, and the waste of energy is reduced; the upper end of the drying and preheating chamber 310 is an inlet, the lower end of the drying and preheating chamber 310 is communicated with the raw material inlet 412, so that preheated oil shale enters the pyrolysis chamber 411, the oil shale enters the drying and preheating chamber 310 from the upper end of the drying and preheating chamber 310, and is heated by tail gas generated by combustion and the temperature generated by a preheating cavity in the downward falling process, and meanwhile, the tail gas can blow away the bonded oil shale, so that the oil shale is preheated and pyrolyzed.

The horizontal calcining device 500 further comprises a gas pipe 550 for introducing gas into the calcining chamber 520 and an exhaust pipe 560 for exhausting calcining tail gas, wherein the exhaust pipe 560 is communicated with the drying preheating chamber 310 and the horizontal pyrolyzing device 400 through an exhaust pipe 541, and heats the drying preheating chamber 310 together with the tail gas exhausted from the heating chamber 421, in addition, because the temperature of the tail gas in the calcining chamber 520 is high, the condition that the temperature of the drying preheating chamber 310 is overhigh when the tail gas is completely introduced into the drying preheating chamber 310 can be caused, part of the tail gas can be introduced into the heating chamber 421 to increase the temperature of the heating chamber 421, and the redundant tail gas is discharged after desulfurization treatment.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, based on the above-mentioned embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of gas inlets 423 are disposed on the horizontal heating kiln 420 along the length direction interval, the gas inlets 423 are provided with a burner 4231 for igniting gas, and the plurality of gas inlets 423 can simultaneously inject gas, so that the gas is combusted at different positions in the heating chamber 421 to heat the pyrolysis chamber 411, the temperature in the pyrolysis chamber 411 can be kept uniform, and the oil shale can be better heated to extract shale oil.

In order to facilitate temperature control, a valve assembly 424 for controlling the flow of gas is disposed at the plurality of gas inlets 423, and the valve assembly 424 is capable of controlling the flow of gas into the heating chamber 421 so as to facilitate temperature control of the pyrolysis chamber 411.

On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, in order to make horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln can be heated uniformly, refer to fig. 2 to 4, in another embodiment the utility model discloses an in, horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 and horizontal heating kiln 420 normal running fit, the gas combustion produces the heat in horizontal heating kiln 420, horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 rotates the heat that produces in absorbing heating chamber 421, horizontal heating kiln 420 does not rotate, so can not influence the process that the gas let in heating chamber 421, oil shale also can be along with horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410's rotation and constantly alternate the position, it is more even to be heated, can be by better heating refinery oil gas, heating chamber 421 inner wall is equipped with the hot-blast stock guide 4211 of multichannel along spiral distribution, the combustion gas that can guide horizontal gas to produce encircles the whole circumference heating pyrolysis chamber 411 of pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 outer wall.

The two horizontal heating kilns 420 are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle area of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, two ends of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 are provided with riding wheel sets 440 in running fit with the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, the middle part of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 is positioned between the two horizontal heating kilns 420 and is provided with a first driving device 430 for controlling the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 to rotate, the riding wheel sets 440 can support the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 and keep the rotation guide and balance of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, the first driving device 430 is only responsible for driving the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410 to rotate, the pressure received is small, the load is small, and the service life is long.

In order to facilitate the movement of the oil shale, the oil shale is prevented from directly moving from the raw material inlet 412 to the residue outlet 413, the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 411 is provided with a first material guide plate 4111, the first material guide plate 4111 can guide the oil shale to move, the oil shale is limited, the oil shale can gradually move along the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 411, and the situation that the oil shale stagnates or directly reaches the tail end of the pyrolysis chamber 411 cannot occur.

The first material guide plates 4111 are distributed along the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 411 in a vortex manner, the first material guide plates 4111 distributed in a vortex manner can better control the movement of the oil shale, so that the oil shale is stir-fried in the pyrolysis chamber 411 to be uniformly heated, and the oil shale can be fully contacted with the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 411 in the rotation process of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln 410, so that oil gas in the oil shale can be completely extracted.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to make the pyrolysis slag in the horizontal calcining rotary kiln be heated uniformly, referring to fig. 2, 6 and 7, in another embodiment of the utility model, the bottom of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln 510 is provided with a second driving device 570 for controlling the rotation of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln 510, the second driving device 570 can control the rotation of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln 510, so that the horizontal calcining rotary kiln is heated uniformly, and the pyrolysis slag in the calcining chamber 520 can be fully contacted with the gas to remove organic substances.

The second driving means 570 is not enough to support the horizontal type calcining rotary kiln 510, and the supporting means 580 is further provided at both ends of the horizontal type calcining rotary kiln 510, the horizontal type calcining rotary kiln 510 is rotatably engaged with the supporting means 580, and the pressure of the horizontal type calcining rotary kiln 510 on the second driving means 570 can be reduced by the supporting means 580, so that the rotation is not affected by the weight thereof.

In order to facilitate the movement of the pyrolysis slag, the pyrolysis slag is prevented from directly moving from the pyrolysis slag inlet 530 to the calcined shale slag outlet 540, the inner wall of the calcining chamber 520 is provided with the second guide plate 521 which is distributed along the inner wall of the calcining chamber 520 in a vortex shape, the second guide plate 521 distributed along the vortex shape can guide the pyrolysis slag to move and limit the pyrolysis slag, the pyrolysis slag can gradually move along the inner wall of the calcining chamber 520, the pyrolysis slag can be fully contacted with the inner wall of the calcining chamber 520 in the rotating process of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln 510, and the situation that the pyrolysis slag stagnates or directly reaches the tail end of the calcining chamber 520 cannot occur, so that the pyrolysis slag can be fully incinerated to form the calcined shale slag.

As the calcination continues, the pyrolysis slag is gradually sintered under the action of high temperature, and at this time, the second material guiding plate 521 cannot continue to play a role in guiding the flow, but may influence the movement of the pyrolysis slag in the calcination chamber 520, and for this reason, the second material guiding plate 521 is only distributed on the inner wall of the front half of the calcination chamber 520.

Based on the above embodiment, in order to maintain the anaerobic environment of the pyrolysis chamber, and reduce the oxygen brought into the pyrolysis chamber in the process that the oil shale enters the pyrolysis chamber, referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the drying preheating chamber 310 is provided with a preheating gate 320 for controlling the falling of the oil shale, a screw feeder 200 is arranged between the drying preheating device 300 and the horizontal pyrolysis device 400, the preheating gate 320 is opened to make the oil shale reach the screw feeder 200, the oil shale is sent into the pyrolysis chamber 411 through the screw feeder 200, the oxygen brought in the drying preheating chamber 310 by the oil shale is reduced, a plurality of slag discharging gates 640 for controlling the falling of the pyrolysis slag are arranged in the collection chamber 610, the opening and closing of each slag discharging gate 640 are separately controlled, and when the pyrolysis slag enters the horizontal rotary kiln 510, the high-temperature gas in the calcination chamber 520 enters the pyrolysis chamber 411 is avoided, so that an oxygen-free environment in the pyrolysis chamber 411 can be maintained to ensure a safe production environment; in addition, the residue outlet 413 is connected with the collection chamber 610, so that oxygen entering the pyrolysis chamber 411 from the residue outlet 413 in the process of sending out the pyrolysis slag and oil gas can be reduced, the pyrolysis slag can directly enter the calcining chamber 520 from the collection chamber 610, and the heat loss of the pyrolysis slag is reduced.

In an embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 6, the device of handling oil shale is still including setting up the calcination shale sediment collection device 700 in horizontal calcination rotary kiln 510 tip so that collect calcination shale sediment, and the calcination shale sediment after the abundant burning is convenient for centralized processing by being collected after calcination shale sediment collection device 700, calcines in the shale sediment can enter into calcination shale sediment collection device 700 when discharging from calcining chamber 520 in, has avoided calcining the heat loss that appears in the shale sediment transportation.

The calcined shale slag collecting device 700 is internally provided with a slag collecting cavity 710 for collecting calcined shale slag, the bottom wall of the slag collecting cavity 710 is provided with a slag discharging port 720, a slag discharging gate 730 is arranged at the slag discharging port 720, the calcined shale slag entering the slag collecting cavity 710 can be accumulated on the slag discharging gate 730 and blocked by the slag discharging gate 730 and cannot be moved out of the slag discharging port 720, and the temperature leakage in the calcining chamber 520 can be reduced when the slag discharging gate 730 is closed.

In an embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 4, the device of handling oil shale still includes calcines shale sediment processing apparatus 800, calcine shale sediment processing apparatus 800 including the flour mill station 810 and set up at the flour mill station 810 and calcine the transportation unit 820 between the shale sediment collection device 700, the flour mill station 810 can handle and calcine the shale sediment and will calcine the shale sediment and grind into building materials, the utilization ratio of oil shale has been improved, the economic benefits that the oil shale produced has further been improved, the transportation unit 820 is used for transporting the calcination shale sediment to in the flour mill station 810.

The transfer unit 820 includes a conveyor 821 and a cooling device 822, the cooling device 822 reduces the temperature of the high-temperature calcined shale slag by circulating water to form gel, and is beneficial to grinding and grinding to prepare a gelled material, and the temperature of the calcined shale slag is collected to be used for preheating the fuel gas introduced into the heating chamber 421 and the calcining chamber 520.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing oil shale using an apparatus for processing oil shale is specifically described, which includes the following steps:

s10, the oil shale enters a crushing station, the oil shale is crushed into particle oil shale under the action of a first crusher and a second crusher, and the crushed particle shale oil is sent into a drying preheating device;

s20, adjusting the temperature of the drying preheating chamber, keeping the temperature of the drying zone at 100-200 ℃, keeping the temperature of the preheating zone at 200-400 ℃, enabling the oil shale to enter the drying preheating chamber for drying and preheating, drying moisture and eliminating part of organic matters attached to the surface of the oil shale, improving the temperature of the oil shale, improving the pyrolysis efficiency of the oil shale, saving energy consumption, simultaneously introducing fuel gas into the heating chamber for combustion to improve the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber, keeping the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber at 400-600 ℃, introducing tail gas generated by combustion into the drying preheating chamber for improving the temperature of the drying preheating chamber;

s30, opening the preheating gate to enable the oil shale to reach the screw feeder, feeding the oil shale into the pyrolysis chamber through the screw feeder, driving the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln to rotate by the first driving device, enabling the oil shale to move along the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber and be gradually heated, and fully cracking the oil shale in the moving process to form pyrolysis slag;

s40, the pyrolysis slag enters into the first gate of slagging tap in the collecting chamber, oil gas that gets into in the collecting chamber is collected along with the pyrolysis slag, first gate of slagging tap is opened and is made the pyrolysis slag enter into the second and say on going out the sediment gate, first gate of slagging tap is closed, the latter gate of slagging tap is opened and is made the pyrolysis slag enter into the calcining chamber, here the gas lets in the calcining chamber and burns simultaneously, make the calcining chamber temperature promote to 800 ℃ -1500 ℃, the pyrolysis slag is calcined, its organic matter that contains is decomposed, become and calcine the shale slag, the tail gas dust removal that the calcination produced improves stoving preheating device temperature through the tail gas pipeline exhaust into stoving preheating device:

s50, the calcined shale slag enters a slag collecting cavity, and after a certain amount of calcined shale slag is collected, a slag discharging gate is opened to discharge the calcined shale slag;

and S60, dropping the calcined shale slag onto a transfer unit, reducing the temperature of the calcined shale slag through a cooling device, preheating fuel gas introduced into a heating chamber and a calcining chamber by using the temperature of the calcined shale slag, conveying the calcined shale slag into a powder grinding station by using a conveyor, adding ingredients, and grinding the calcined shale slag through the powder grinding station to prepare the building material gelled material.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a can be applied to products such as oil shale treatment facility, shale oil extraction equipment.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the contents described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. An apparatus for treating oil shale, comprising:

a crushing station for crushing the oil shale;

the drying and preheating device is used for drying and preheating the oil shale;

the horizontal pyrolysis device is used for pyrolyzing the oil shale;

the horizontal calcining device is separated from the horizontal pyrolysis device and is used for firing pyrolysis slag generated by the horizontal pyrolysis device;

the crushing station comprises a first crusher and a second crusher, the first crusher crushes large oil shale into small oil shale, the second crusher crushes the small oil shale into particle oil shale, the horizontal pyrolysis device comprises a horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln and a horizontal heating kiln arranged on the periphery of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, a pyrolysis chamber is limited in the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln, a heating chamber is limited in the horizontal heating kiln, the horizontal calcining device comprises a horizontal calcining rotary kiln, and a calcining chamber is limited in the horizontal calcining rotary kiln.

2. The apparatus for processing oil shale according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln is rotatably engaged with the horizontal heating kiln, and a plurality of burners and a plurality of gas inlets are provided at intervals along a length direction of the horizontal heating kiln.

3. The apparatus for processing oil shale according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with idler groups rotatably engaged with the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln at two ends, a first driving device for controlling the rotation of the horizontal pyrolysis rotary kiln is arranged in the middle, and a first material guide plate is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber along the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber in a vortex shape.

4. The apparatus for processing oil shale as claimed in claim 2, wherein the horizontal calcining rotary kiln is provided with supporting devices at two ends thereof for rotating and matching with the horizontal calcining rotary kiln, a second driving device for controlling the horizontal calcining rotary kiln to rotate is arranged in the middle of the horizontal calcining rotary kiln, and the inner wall of the calcining chamber is provided with a second material guide plate which is distributed along the inner wall of the calcining chamber in a vortex shape.

5. The apparatus for processing oil shale according to claim 1, further comprising a calcined shale slag collection apparatus and a calcined shale slag processing apparatus, wherein the calcined shale slag processing apparatus comprises a pulverizing station and a transfer unit disposed between the pulverizing station and the calcined shale slag collection apparatus.

6. The apparatus for processing oil shale as claimed in claim 5, wherein the calcined shale slag collecting device defines therein a slag collecting chamber for collecting the calcined shale slag, the slag collecting chamber has a slag discharge port at a bottom wall thereof, and the slag discharge port is provided with a slag discharge gate.

7. The apparatus for processing oil shale according to claim 6, wherein the slag collecting cavity is communicated with the calcining chamber, and the lower end of the slag collecting cavity is arranged corresponding to the transfer unit.

8. The apparatus for processing oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gas collecting tower is arranged between the horizontal pyrolysis apparatus and the horizontal calcining apparatus, a collecting chamber for collecting oil gas and pyrolysis slag is arranged in the gas collecting tower, and the collecting chamber is communicated with the pyrolysis chamber and the calcining chamber.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the collection chamber has an oil and gas outlet at an upper end and a pyrolysis residue outlet at a lower end.

Images