CN214289976U

CN214289976U - Aluminum electrolysis waste lining and aluminum ash disposal device

Info

Publication number: CN214289976U
Application number: CN202120168864.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁星; 刘猛; 杨涛; 黄�俊
Original assignee: Guizhou Innovative Light Metal Process Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center Co ltd; Guizhou Tianyouyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guizhou Innovative Light Metal Process Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center Co ltd; Guizhou Tianyouyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-21
Filing date: 2021-01-21
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a useless inside lining of aluminium electroloysis and aluminium ash processing apparatus, including fine mill, retort and the first equipment that spin-dries, the fine mill is connected to the retort, and the retort is connected to the first equipment that spin-dries, and the waste gas mouth of retort is connected to inhales the ammonia tower, inhales the ammonia tower and is connected to the separation tank, and the separation tank is connected to the second equipment that spin-dries, and first equipment that spin-dries still detachably is connected to the blending tank. The utility model adopts the same production line and the same equipment to dispose two kinds of dangerous waste materials (the fire-resistant heat preservation material and the aluminum ash after the aluminum electrolytic overhaul) so as to remove inorganic fluoride and cyanide.

Description

Aluminum electrolysis waste lining and aluminum ash disposal device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of aluminium electroloysis, a useless inside lining of aluminium electroloysis and aluminium ash processing apparatus is related to.

Background

1. Electrolytic bath overhaul slag and waste lining

The service life of the electrolytic cell operated at present is averagely 2000-2600 days, and then the electrolytic cell needs to be overhauled before the electrolytic production is restarted.

As fluoride salt is required to be added in the aluminum electrolysis production process, 20-35 kg of fluoride salt is required to be added in each ton of aluminum electrolysis production, one part of fluoride enters the atmosphere in a gaseous state, the other part of fluoride remains in the lining of the electrolytic cell, and the content of fluorine-containing matters accounts for about 36% of the waste lining, wherein the content of soluble fluorine in each ton of overhaul residues reaches 16.4-56 kg. Therefore, the concentration of fluoride after the overhaul residues of the electrolytic cell are leached by water is very high and is high in alkalinity, the waste residues have great harm to the environment, and if the waste residues are not properly disposed, the soil and underground water sources can be polluted.

During the aluminum electrolysis process, nitrogen in the air reacts with carbon and sodium in the cell to generate cyanide, the air invades more cathodes to generate more cyanide, and a part of the cyanide is absorbed by the cell lining, so that the overhaul slag contains a small amount of cyanide.

According to the overhaul slag data of the electrolytic cell of the same enterprise, the fluoride concentration of the leaching solution in each component is as high as 2200 mg/L, and the cyanide content is more than 8 mg/L. According to the 'hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification' (GB 5085.3-2007), if the fluoride concentration of the waste residue leachate exceeds the concentration limit value of 100mg/L specified in the standard, the electrolytic cell overhaul residue is hazardous waste with leaching toxicity.

2. Aluminum ash

The aluminum liquid generates a scum during smelting in a casting furnace, mainly from infusible impurities floating on the surface of the aluminum melt in the smelting process, additives and substances generated by physical and chemical reactions with the additives, and the scum is loose, so the scum is called aluminum ash.

Although the aluminum ash is scum, the aluminum ash plays an important role in the smelting process, mainly adsorbs impurities such as aluminum oxide, fluoride salt and the like from the electrolytic aluminum liquid, and simultaneously can play roles in protecting the aluminum melt, preventing aluminum from being oxidized and the like. However, since the excessively thick aluminum ash hinders heat conduction and is not favorable for melting, the aluminum ash is periodically tapped from the scrupulously and respectfully furnace during melting.

The yield of the aluminum ash and the aluminum slag of an electrolysis enterprise is about 30-50 kg per 1 ton of the electrolytic aluminum.

The specific components of the aluminum ash are different due to different production paths and mainly consist of a mixture of a simple metal aluminum, an oxide and a salt flux.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: provides an aluminum electrolysis waste lining and an aluminum ash disposal device, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.

The utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes does: the utility model provides an useless inside lining of aluminium electroloysis and aluminium ash processing apparatus, includes fine grinding machine, retort and first equipment of spin-drying, and the fine grinding machine is connected to the retort, and the retort is connected to first equipment of spin-drying, and the waste gas mouth of retort is connected to and inhales the ammonia tower, and inhale the ammonia tower and be connected to the separation tank, and the separation tank is connected to second equipment of spin-drying, and first equipment of spin-drying still detachably is connected to the mixing tank.

Preferably, a sorting device is connected in front of the fine grinding machine.

The utility model has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a same production line, two kinds of danger waste materials (fire-resistant heat preservation material and aluminium ash after aluminium electroloysis overhaul) are dealt with to same set of equipment to detach inorganic fluoride and cyanide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process and a layout of a waste lining material and aluminum ash for aluminum electrolysis overhaul;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of aluminum ash disposal and its configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the disposal process and arrangement of the waste lining material for aluminum electrolysis overhaul.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-3, an aluminum electrolysis waste lining and aluminum ash disposal device comprises a fine grinding machine 1, a reaction tank 2 and a first drying device 3, wherein the fine grinding machine 1 is connected to the reaction tank 2, the reaction tank 2 is connected to the first drying device 3, an exhaust gas port of the reaction tank 2 is connected to an ammonia absorption tower 4, the ammonia absorption tower 4 is connected to a separation tank 5, the separation tank 5 is connected to a second drying device 6, and the first drying device 3 is also detachably connected to a mixing tank 7.

Preferably, a sorting device (vibrating screen) is connected in front of the fine grinding machine 1.

To two kinds of danger waste materials (fire-resistant heat preservation material and aluminium ash after aluminium electroloysis overhaul), adopt same production line, same equipment is dealt with in order to detach inorganic fluoride and cyanide, and fire-resistant heat preservation material and aluminium ash all are through such processing flow: the sorted materials firstly enter a fine grinding machine 1 for full fine pulverization, secondly enter a reaction tank 2 for physical and chemical reaction under the condition of adding additives, the materials from which harmful substances are removed enter a first drying device 3 for dehydration, and finally harmless products are obtained; the additive added into the reaction tank 2 is different according to the material characteristics entering the production flow, namely the additive suitable for treating the refractory heat-insulating material is added into the treated refractory heat-insulating material, and the additive suitable for treating the aluminum ash is added into the treated aluminum ash; when the reaction tank 2 is used for treating aluminum ash, the waste gas after reaction is subjected to a gas treatment process, namely ammonia gas in the waste gas is removed through an ammonia absorption tower 4, then the waste gas enters a separation tank 5 for solid-liquid separation, and the separated slurry enters a second spin-drying device 6 to obtain a harmless product; when the aluminum ash is treated, the material is dehydrated by the first drying equipment 3 and then enters the mixing tank 7 to fully react with the additive to obtain an aluminum ash product.

Application example 1: when disposing the aluminum ash, sorting the aluminum ash, separating solid aluminum particles, and treating the rest aluminum ash materials in a common production line. When the aluminum ash is treated in the reaction tank 2, the waste gas after reaction is subjected to a gas treatment process, namely ammonia gas in the waste gas is removed through an ammonia absorption tower 4, then the waste gas enters a separation tank 5 for solid-liquid separation, and the separated slurry enters a second spin-drying device 6 to obtain a harmless product; the aluminum ash material dehydrated by the first drying equipment 3 enters a mixing tank 7 to fully react with an additive to obtain an aluminum ash product;

application example 2: when the refractory heat-insulating material after the aluminum electrolytic overhaul is treated, the material is sorted firstly, the waste cathode carbon blocks are separated, the rest refractory heat-insulating material enters a common production line for treatment, and the material is dehydrated by the first drying equipment 3 to obtain a harmless refractory heat-insulating material product.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention, therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an useless inside lining of aluminium electroloysis and aluminium ash processing apparatus which characterized in that: the reaction tank drying device comprises a fine grinding machine (1), a reaction tank (2) and first drying equipment (3), wherein the fine grinding machine (1) is connected to the reaction tank (2), the reaction tank (2) is connected to the first drying equipment (3), an exhaust gas port of the reaction tank (2) is connected to an ammonia absorption tower (4), the ammonia absorption tower (4) is connected to a separation tank (5), the separation tank (5) is connected to second drying equipment (6), and the first drying equipment (3) is also detachably connected to a mixing tank (7).

2. The aluminum electrolysis waste lining and aluminum ash disposal device according to claim 1, wherein: the front of the fine grinding machine (1) is also connected with a sorting device.