CN214212147U - Ultrasonic vibration diverging device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic vibration diverging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214212147U CN214212147U CN202022931862.XU CN202022931862U CN214212147U CN 214212147 U CN214212147 U CN 214212147U CN 202022931862 U CN202022931862 U CN 202022931862U CN 214212147 U CN214212147 U CN 214212147U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ultrasonic vibration shunting device, which comprises a shell, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat-resistant amplitude transformer and a vibration shunting disc with a hollow middle part; the ultrasonic transducer is accommodated in the hollow cavity of the shell; one end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer of the long column extends into the hollow cavity of the shell and then is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and the other end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer is exposed out of the shell and then is fixedly connected with the vibration shunt plate; the vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is transmitted to the vibration flow distribution disc through the heat-resistant amplitude transformer. Most of longitudinal vibration waves generated by an ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic vibration flow dividing device are converted into radial ultrasonic vibration through the flow dividing effect of the vibration flow dividing disc, and the alloy melt can be subjected to degassing, grain refinement, homogenization and other treatment without adding an auxiliary agent; the alloy casting body after grain refinement has greatly improved mechanical properties such as yield strength, hardness, ductility and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metallurgical melting casting field especially relates to an ultrasonic vibration diverging device that is used for alloy melting crystallization to refine.
Background
In the prior stage, the improvement method for casting the aluminum alloy is mainly realized by modification treatment and electromagnetic stirring treatment. Modification treatment is to promote alloy nucleation elements to be added into the alloy, and artificially increase the number of cores in the alloy melt so as to achieve the purpose of refining grains; the electromagnetic stirring is realized by the interaction of a variable magnetic field generated by alternating current and the melt through the electromagnetic induction principle, so that the melt can flow regularly, and the effect of improving the melt structure is achieved.
Corresponding modified elements are inevitably added into the melt through modification treatment, so that the purpose of refining grains is achieved, pollution of external elements is also introduced, and the effects of degassing and eliminating other defects cannot be achieved; the electromagnetic casting device interacts with the melt, and if strong enough fluid motion needs to be generated, magnetic field intensity which is 10000 times of the geomagnetic field needs to be added, a large amount of electric energy needs to be consumed, and meanwhile, certain influence can be generated on the surrounding environment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the above problem, the utility model aims to solve the problem that an ultrasonic vibration diverging device that can carry out degasification, crystalline grain refinement, homogenization treatment to the alloy fuse-element is provided.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
an ultrasonic vibration shunting device comprises a shell, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat-resistant amplitude transformer and a vibration shunting disc; the shell is of a tubular structure and is internally provided with a hollow cavity; the ultrasonic transducer is accommodated in the hollow cavity of the shell and is positioned at one end of the shell; the heat-resistant amplitude transformer is a long-strip cylinder, one end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer extends into the hollow cavity of the shell and then is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and the other end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer is exposed out of the shell and then is fixedly connected with the vibration flow distribution disc; the vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is transmitted to the vibration flow distribution disc through the heat-resistant amplitude transformer; the longitudinal vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is divided into two parts after the splitting action of the vibration splitter disc, wherein a small part of the longitudinal vibration wave continuously vibrates longitudinally along the vibration splitter disc, and the remaining most of the longitudinal vibration wave is converted into the ultrasonic vibration wave vibrating radially along the vibration splitter disc.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration shunting device, the vibration shunting plate comprises a connecting column, a plurality of rib plates and a hollow basin-shaped frame; one end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the heat-resistant amplitude transformer, the other end of the connecting column is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of each rib plate, and the other end of each rib plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the basin-shaped frame; the plurality of rib plates and the basin-shaped frame are in hollow-out structures.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration flow dividing device, the included angles of two adjacent rib plates are equal.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration shunt device, the outer diameter of the basin-shaped frame is 50-500 mm.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration shunt device, a plurality of through holes are formed in the wall of the basin-shaped frame.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration shunting device, a plurality of through holes are distributed along the circumferential axis and are located on the same plane; the included angle of two adjacent through holes is equal.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration flow dividing device further comprises an air cooling sleeve for cooling the heat-resistant amplitude transformer; the air-cooled sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the shell and is closely attached to the heat-resistant amplitude transformer in a coating mode, and the air-cooled sleeve is adjacent to the vibration flow distribution disc.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration splitting device, an air pipe joint is arranged at one end of the housing, which is close to the ultrasonic transducer, one end of the air pipe joint is in air flow through connection with the air cooling sleeve, and the other end of the air pipe joint is connected with an external feeding mechanism.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration splitting device, an axis formed by connecting the ultrasonic transducer, the heat-resistant amplitude transformer and the vibration splitting disc coincides with an axis of the hollow cavity.
In one embodiment, in the ultrasonic vibration shunt device, the heat-resistant amplitude transformer is connected to the inner wall of the housing through a flange, and the flange is adjacent to a connection point of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer and the ultrasonic transducer.
The utility model provides an ultrasonic vibration diverging device, its ultrasonic transducer converts the mechanical ultrasonic vibration of electric energy into corresponding frequency to transmit to the vibration flow distribution disc through heat-resisting change width of cloth pole, most vertical ultrasonic vibration on the heat-resisting change width of cloth pole is converted into the radial ultrasonic vibration of vibration flow distribution disc afterwards, because the middle of vibration flow distribution disc is the fretwork form setting, its radial ultrasonic vibration then concentrates on the edge of vibration flow distribution disc; the radial ultrasonic vibration on the vibration shunting disk can be better transmitted into the alloy melt, and the radial ultrasonic vibration amplitude is large especially at the solid-liquid interface and the outer edge of the cast ingot; thus, the alloy melt can be subjected to degassing, grain refinement, homogenization and other treatments by radial ultrasonic vibration of the vibration splitter disc without adding an additional auxiliary agent; the mechanical properties such as yield strength, hardness, ductility and the like of the alloy casting body after grain refinement can be greatly improved; the homogenizing and degassing effects can also greatly improve the machinability and surface quality of the alloy casting body, and simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy casting body; on the other hand, the ultrasonic transducer only converts common industrial electric energy into ultrasonic mechanical energy, does not need to consume a large amount of electric energy, and can play a role in saving electric energy.
The utility model discloses an improve original part in the semicontinuous casting, under the prerequisite that does not add new element, does not change original technology, can improve product property ability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the ultrasonic vibration shunting device of the present invention used in a molten alloy casting process;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the appearance structure of the ultrasonic vibration shunt device of the present invention;
fig. 3A, 3B, 3C the utility model discloses a vibration diverter plate structure sketch map among ultrasonic vibration diverging device.
Detailed Description
The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the alloy forging process, degassing, grain refining and grain homogenizing treatment are generally carried out on molten alloy, such as magnesium, aluminum and alloy thereof, in a semi-continuous casting process, so as to ensure that the forged alloy has excellent quality. In the present invention, the alloy forging process is processed as follows.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a crucible 1 is filled with metal and its alloy, such as magnesium, aluminum and its alloy, or other metals and their alloys, and is heated at high temperature to melt the metal and its alloys into an alloy solution 2, which may contain impurities, such as sand, dust, etc., and may generate toxic gases during melting, and these gases and/or impurities, such as sand, dust, etc., may be coated in the alloy solution. In order to prevent impurities such as gas and/or sand, dust and the like from affecting the quality of the forged alloy body in the alloy solution forging process, the alloy solution 2 needs to be subjected to degassing and impurity removal treatment. Therefore, the alloy solution 2 needs to be treated correspondingly at the time of forging by the ultrasonic vibration flow dividing device 20.
The alloy solution 2 with high temperature is delivered to a forging device 11 through a liquid guide pipe 3 for alloy forging. Generally, the outer surface of the catheter 3 needs to be covered with heat insulation, for example, a high temperature resistant asbestos cloth or teflon, so as to avoid the alloy solution 2 from condensing into metal solids due to too low temperature during the transportation process in the catheter 3, or to avoid the injury of personnel due to too high temperature of the outer surface of the catheter 3. After the alloy solution 2 is guided to the forging device 11 through the liquid guide tube 3, the ultrasonic vibration flow dividing device 20 is installed in the forging device 11, the upper end of the device is fixedly connected with the feeding mechanism through the clamping mechanism 4 and the bracket 41, and the feeding mechanism 5 is fixed on a fixed object. The feeding mechanism 5 may provide a driving power source and/or a low-temperature shielding gas to the ultrasonic vibration shunt device 20. The lower end of the ultrasonic vibration flow dividing device 20 is placed in the forger 11, and is immersed in the alloy solution in the forger 11. The ultrasonic vibration shunting device 20 converts the electric energy into vibration energy, i.e., ultrasonic vibration waves, and transmits the ultrasonic vibration waves to the alloy solution under the driving of the power supply. On the other hand, a plurality of cooling pipes are wound around the outer periphery of the forging apparatus 11, wherein a cooling medium is continuously flowed through the cooling pipes, and the cooling medium is flowed in from a cooling medium inlet 13 provided at the lower end of the forging apparatus 11 and flowed out from a cooling medium outlet 14 provided at the upper and lower ends of the forging apparatus 11. The cooling medium has the function of leading the liquid guide pipe 3 to the alloy liquid of the forging device 11 for cooling and crystallization to form an alloy cast ingot 12 which is deposited at the bottom of the forging device 11. The ultrasonic vibration shunting device 20 is used for destroying bubbles in the alloy solution and removing gas in the alloy solution through ultrasonic vibration waves in the process of cooling and crystallizing the alloy liquid; meanwhile, the ultrasonic vibration shunting device 20 transmits ultrasonic waves to the alloy solution, so that atoms, crystal lattices and the like in crystal grains can be rearranged in the crystallization process of the alloy solution, and the crystal grains are refined; in addition, in view of the fact that the vibration of the alloy solution by the ultrasonic waves is distributed throughout the alloy solution in the whole forging and casting device 11, and the vibration waves at each position are basically consistent, the sizes and specifications of the crystal grains precipitated from the alloy solution are consistent, the effect of crystal grain homogenization is achieved, and the ultrasonic waves can also achieve crystal phase separation in the cooling and crystallization process of the alloy solution, so that impurities such as sand grains and/or dust coated in the alloy solution are removed.
The cooling medium flowing in the cooling pipe may be a cooling liquid, such as tap water, a synthetic cooling liquid; the cooling medium may also be a cooling gas, such as low temperature air, nitrogen, or the like. Preferably, tap water cooling liquid is convenient to obtain and low in manufacturing cost.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ultrasonic vibration shunt device 20 includes a housing 6, an ultrasonic transducer 7, a heat-resistant horn 8, and a vibration shunt disk 10. The metal material of the shell 6 is worthy of being in a tubular columnar structure, and a hollow cavity 60 is arranged in the shell; the shape structure of the shell 6 can be made into a cylinder, a cuboid or any external connecting bracket, so that the clamping and the supporting are convenient. The cross section of the hollow cavity 60 of the shell 6 can be circular/elliptical/regular polyhedral, and accordingly, the outline configurations of the ultrasonic transducer 7 and the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 are matched with the configuration of the hollow cavity 60, so that the installation is convenient.
The ultrasonic transducer 7 is accommodated in the hollow cavity 60 of the housing 6 and is located at one end of the housing 6, that is, the upper end of the housing 6. The ultrasonic transducer 7 is electrically connected to the feed mechanism 5 via a cable connection 61 arranged at the upper end of the housing 6. The ultrasonic transducer 7 can convert the electric energy into mechanical vibration energy, and the vibration energy of the ultrasonic vibration shunt device 20 is provided by the ultrasonic transducer 7. The ultrasonic transducer 7 can adopt a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a magnetostrictive transducer, and the working frequency range is 15KHz-40 Hkz.
The cross section of the long-strip cylinder made of the metal material of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 is circular. One end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, that is, the upper end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, extends into the hollow cavity 60 of the housing 6 and then is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer 7, wherein the fixed connection can be one of threaded connection, clamping connection or bolt fastening connection. The other end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, that is, the lower end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, penetrates through the other end of the housing 6, that is, the lower end of the housing 6, and then is fixedly connected with the vibration diverter disc 10, where the fixed connection may be one of a threaded connection, a snap connection or a bolt fastening connection, and in this embodiment, a threaded connection is preferred; the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 plays a role in transmitting vibration and adjusting amplitude for mechanical vibration waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7; that is, the vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 is transmitted to the vibration diverter tray 10 through the heat-resistant horn 8.
Because the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 is of a strip-shaped structure, in order to prevent the heat-resistant amplitude transformer from swinging due to external vibration interference, the upper end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 is connected with the inner wall of the shell 6 through a flange 81, and the flange 81 is adjacent to the connecting point of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 and the ultrasonic transducer 7.
In a better embodiment, the axis formed by connecting the ultrasonic transducer 7, the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 and the vibration diverter disc 10 is superposed with the axis of the hollow cavity 60, so that the design has the function of uniformly transmitting ultrasonic vibration waves.
In the ultrasonic vibration splitting device 20, when the vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 is transmitted to the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 vibrates back and forth at high frequency along the direction b1-b1 relative to the axis a, that is, longitudinal vibration wave or longitudinal ultrasonic vibration wave, and after the longitudinal vibration wave is transmitted to the vibration splitting disc 10, the longitudinal vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 is split into two parts of vibration wave due to the splitting effect of the vibration splitting disc 10; a small portion of the longitudinal vibration waves continue to vibrate longitudinally along the vibration diverter tray 10 (in the vibration direction of b1-b1 as shown in fig. 2), and the remaining most of the longitudinal vibration waves are converted into ultrasonic vibration waves vibrating radially along the vibration diverter tray 10 (in the vibration direction of b2-b2 as shown in fig. 2), that is: the vibration diverter disc 10 fixedly connected to the lower end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 converts most of the received longitudinal ultrasonic vibration waves into radial ultrasonic vibration waves along the horizontal direction of b2-b2, and a small part of the ultrasonic vibration waves are reserved as axial vibration in the vertical direction of b1-b1 and are also called as longitudinal vibration waves; the vibratory diverter disc 10 transmits a radial ultrasonic vibration wave in the horizontal direction b2-b2 to the molten alloy to be cooled into an ingot.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C, the vibrating diverter tray 10 includes a connecting column 110, a plurality of ribs 130, and a hollow tub-shaped frame 120. One end of the connecting column 110, namely the upper end of the connecting column, is provided with an internal threaded hole 111, and the threaded hole 111 is in threaded fixed connection with the lower end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8; the other end of the connecting column 110, that is, the lower end of the connecting column 110 is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of each rib plate 130, and the other end of each rib plate 130 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the basin-shaped frame 120; the rib plates 130 and the basin-shaped frame 120 are hollow.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C, the number of rib plates 130 is four, and the specification and size are the same. Four rib plates 130 are distributed and arranged according to the circumference by taking the connecting column 110 as the center, and the included angle between two adjacent rib plates 130 is 90 degrees. The four rib plates 130 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the basin-shaped frame 120 to form a hollow-out cavity 131. Because the rib plates 130 are of the same length, the connecting column 110 is located at the center of the tub frame 120 after the assembly of the vibrating diverter tray 10. At this time, the central axis of the connection column 110 coincides with the central axis of the tub frame 120.
In other embodiments, the number of ribs 130 can be three, five, six, etc., as desired.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the basin frame 10 is 50-500 mm, preferably 200 mm. The basin-shaped frame 10 with the outer diameter can be matched with ultrasonic vibration energy generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 under the action of the working frequency range of 15KHz-40 Hkz; if the outer diameter of the basin-shaped frame 10 is too large, after the ultrasonic vibration waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 are transmitted to the basin-shaped frame 10, the energy of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration waves obtained by the basin-shaped frame 10 is small due to the self weight of the basin-shaped frame, which is not beneficial to crystallization refinement and degassing treatment in the alloy solution cooling process; if the outer diameter of the basin-shaped frame 10 is too small, after the ultrasonic vibration waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 are transmitted to the basin-shaped frame 10, the energy of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration waves obtained by the basin-shaped frame 10 is large, and in the cooling and crystallization process of the alloy solution, the alloy is not beneficial to refining the alloy crystals, even lattice deformation in the crystal grains is caused, and homogenized crystal grains are difficult to obtain.
In order to refine and homogenize alloy grains of the vibration diverter tray 10 in the cooling and crystallization process of the alloy solution, the vibration waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 7 need to be dispersed into the alloy solution in the cooling process through the basin-shaped frame 10 of the vibration diverter tray 10, and at this time, a plurality of through holes 121 are formed in the wall 120 of the basin-shaped frame, as shown in fig. 3A; and a plurality of through-holes 121 are distributed along the circumferential axis and are located on the same plane, and the included angle of two adjacent through-holes 131 is equal.
The vibration splitter disk 10 designed by arranging the hollow cavity 131 and the through holes 121 not only meets the function of a conventional splitter disk, but also can transmit ultrasonic vibration to an alloy solution, particularly obtains better ultrasonic vibration waves at a solid-liquid interface and the outer edge of an ingot, is beneficial to refining and homogenizing crystal grains when the alloy solution is cooled and crystallized, and can greatly improve the mechanical properties such as yield strength, hardness, ductility and the like of an alloy casting body after the crystal grains are refined; meanwhile, the homogenizing and degassing effects can also greatly improve the machinability and surface quality of the alloy casting body and improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy casting body.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic vibration shunt device 20 further comprises an air-cooling sleeve 9 for cooling the heat-resistant horn; the outer surface of the air-cooling sleeve 9 is attached to the inner wall of the shell 6, the inner surface of the air-cooling sleeve 9 is in covering proximity with the phase of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, but is not in contact with the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, namely, a certain gap is reserved between the inner surface of the air-cooling sleeve 9 and the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8, and the gap space can enable the heat-resistant amplitude transformer 8 to vibrate along the axial direction and is used for transmitting axial ultrasonic vibration waves; the air-cooled sleeve 9 is adjacent to the vibrating diverter trays 10, that is, the air-cooled sleeve 9 is arranged at the lower end of the inner wall of the shell 6. Correspondingly, an air pipe joint 62 is arranged at one end of the housing 6 close to the ultrasonic transducer 7, namely the upper end of the housing 6, one end of the air pipe joint 62 is in air flow through connection with the air cooling sleeve 9 through the hollow cavity 60 of the housing 6, the other end of the air pipe joint 62 is connected with the external feeding mechanism 5, cooling air is input from the feeding mechanism 5 to cool the heat-resistant amplitude bar 8, the heat-resistant amplitude bar 8 is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature, and meanwhile, the heat transmission from the heat-resistant amplitude bar 8 to the ultrasonic transducer 7 can be reduced or prevented, and the ultrasonic transducer 7 is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature.
It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is given in some detail and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic vibration shunting device is characterized by comprising a shell, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat-resistant amplitude transformer and a vibration shunting disc with a hollow middle part; the shell is of a tubular structure and is internally provided with a hollow cavity; the ultrasonic transducer is accommodated in the hollow cavity of the shell and is positioned at one end of the shell; the heat-resistant amplitude transformer is a long-strip cylinder, one end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer extends into the hollow cavity of the shell and then is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and the other end of the heat-resistant amplitude transformer is exposed out of the shell and then is fixedly connected with the vibration flow distribution disc; the vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is transmitted to the vibration flow distribution disc through the heat-resistant amplitude transformer; the longitudinal vibration wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is divided into two parts after the splitting action of the vibration splitter disc, wherein a small part of the longitudinal vibration wave continuously vibrates longitudinally along the vibration splitter disc, and the remaining most of the longitudinal vibration wave is converted into the ultrasonic vibration wave vibrating radially along the vibration splitter disc.
2. The ultrasonic vibration flow divider according to claim 1, wherein the vibration flow divider comprises a connecting column, a plurality of rib plates and a hollow basin-shaped frame; one end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the heat-resistant amplitude transformer, the other end of the connecting column is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of each rib plate, and the other end of each rib plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the basin-shaped frame; the plurality of rib plates and the basin-shaped frame are in hollow-out structures.
3. The ultrasonically-vibrated flow divider of claim 2, wherein the included angles of two adjacent webs are equal.
4. The ultrasonically-vibratable flow-splitting device of claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of the basin frame is 50-500 mm.
5. The ultrasonically-vibratable shunt device of claim 2, wherein the basin-like frame wall is provided with a plurality of through holes.
6. The ultrasonically-vibrated flow divider of claim 5, wherein a plurality of the through holes are distributed along a circumferential axis and are located on a same plane; the included angle of two adjacent through holes is equal.
7. The ultrasonically-vibratable shunt device of claim 1, further comprising an air-cooled jacket for cooling the thermally-resistant horn; the air-cooled sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the shell and is closely attached to the heat-resistant amplitude transformer in a coating mode, and the air-cooled sleeve is adjacent to the vibration flow distribution disc.
8. The ultrasonic vibration shunt device according to claim 7, wherein an air pipe joint is provided at an end of the housing adjacent to the ultrasonic transducer, one end of the air pipe joint is connected with the air-cooling sleeve in an air flow communication manner, and the other end of the air pipe joint is connected with an external feeding mechanism.
9. The ultrasonic vibration shunt device according to claim 1, wherein an axis formed by connecting the ultrasonic transducer, the heat-resistant horn and the vibration shunt disk coincides with an axis of the hollow cavity.
10. The ultrasonically vibrating flow-splitting device of claim 1, wherein the heat resistant horn is attached to the inner wall of the housing by a flange adjacent to the attachment point of the heat resistant horn to the ultrasonic transducer.
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