CN110512070A - A kind of device and method of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain Download PDFInfo
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- CN110512070A CN110512070A CN201910792245.5A CN201910792245A CN110512070A CN 110512070 A CN110512070 A CN 110512070A CN 201910792245 A CN201910792245 A CN 201910792245A CN 110512070 A CN110512070 A CN 110512070A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the device and method that a kind of non-contact ultrasonic vibrates refinement crystal grain, the lower end of ultrasound vibration head passes through case lid and withstands on oscillating plate, oscillating plate is connected with oscillating plate connector, oscillating plate connector passes through fixed plate and lower end is connected with ceramics, oscillating plate connector between oscillating plate and fixed plate is cased with spring, and fixed plate is connected on case lid by multiple fixed plate connecting rods, and a crucible is equipped in cabinet, the border of crucible is equipped with induction coil, and ceramics are located at the inside of crucible.Method and step is as follows: after 1. melting metal in crucible and keeping the temperature；2. ceramics are immersed in molten metal after metal bath cooling is dropped to mushy zone, apply ultrasonic activation；3. ceramics are removed out of metal after vibration a period of time；4. the metal after refinement is removed crucible and is cooled to room temperature.The present invention can be realized continuous ultrasonic vibration, can refine crystal grain.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing field, it is related to alloy grain refinement and strengthens field, more particularly to is a kind of non-
The device and method of contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain.
Background technique
Crystal grain refinement (i.e. reduction primary crystal α-Al crystallite dimension) is to obtain high-test metal ingot, reduce segregation, improve metallurgical matter
The important channel of amount.Also contribute to improving the processing performance of alloy, while it is also industrial raising casting alloy mechanical property
One of necessary means.Ultrasonication has the effect of crystal grain refinement to a variety of alloys, ultrasound be by cavitation, acoustic streaming effect and
The physical actions such as radiation pressure affect melt microstructure, can effectively improve materials microstructure and performance, are systems
A kind of developing direction of standby super metal.Compared with electromagnetic agitation, ultrasonic agitation has that sphere of action is wide, stirs evenly and degasification
The good advantage of effect.Ultrasonic agitation has great role in terms of degasification, reduction are mingled with and reduce gross segregation.But due to super
The piezoceramic material highest sounding of acoustic generator is 120 DEG C using temperature, and traditional ultrasound vibration head is extend into melt is applied
The mode for adding vibration, due to melt temperature height, ultrasound vibration head is easily damaged to influence dispersion effect.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention
The problem of being refined the purpose of the present invention is to solve metal and its alloy grain.A kind of non-contact ultrasonic vibration is provided
The method for refining crystal grain, can make ultrasound vibration head long time continuous working, and refining effect range is big.
Technical solution
A kind of equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain, it is characterised in that: the upper end of cabinet is equipped with case lid, ultrasound vibration head
Upper end be fixed on ultrasound vibration head support fixture, the lower end of ultrasound vibration head, which passes through, case lid and to be withstood on oscillating plate, and oscillating plate connects
Multiple oscillating plate connectors are connected to, oscillating plate connector passes through fixed plate and lower end is connected with ceramics, and ceramics are potsherd or pottery
Porcelain knob, the oscillating plate connector between oscillating plate and fixed plate are cased with the spring with pretightning force, and fixed plate is by multiple solid
Fixed board connecting rod is connected on case lid, and a crucible is equipped in the cabinet, and the border of crucible is equipped with for heating crucible
Induction coil, ceramics are located at the inside of crucible.
The lower end of the ultrasound vibration head support fixture is threadedly attached on support fixture pedestal, ultrasound vibration head propclip
Have for clamp ultrasound vibration head one end two sides be arc clamp sheet, the side of arc clamp sheet set there are two control arc fixture
The hinge of piece folding, the other side are locked by screw and nut or bolt.
A kind of preferred situation is that the oscillating plate connector is that upside has that screw thread, downside have screw thread and medial side is without spiral shell
The refractory of line is followed closely, and oscillating plate has been connected through a screw thread multiple oscillating plate connectors, and oscillating plate connector passes through fixed plate simultaneously
Lower end has been connected through a screw thread ceramics, and ceramics are the ceramics with more vertical through-holes, and ceramic diameter is 100-10000mm, hole
Quantity be 100-5000, aperture is 3 ~ 50 ㎜.
Preferably another situation is that the oscillating plate connector is the screw rods of 90 ° of bendings, oscillating plate is connected with multiple vibrations
Movable plate connector, oscillating plate connector passes vertically through fixed plate and the end of lower part bending is all connected in fixed ring, fixed
Ring border is equipped with jackscrew, and fixed ring is interior to be fixed with ceramics by jackscrew, and ceramics are ceramic rod, and ceramic diameter is 2 ~ 100mm.
It is equipped with linear bearing a between the ultrasound vibration head and case lid, straight line is equipped between oscillating plate connector and fixed plate
Bearing b.
The upper and lower side of the linear bearing a is equipped with outside framework oil seal.
A method of crystal grain is refined using the equipment preparation ultrasonic vibration, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1. after refining metal and melting in crucible and will be kept the temperature a period of time；
2. metal bath cooling a period of time, after melt temperature drops to mushy zone, the ceramics after the pre-heat treatment were immersed
Into molten metal, apply ultrasonic activation in the top of oscillating plate, and then be conducted to ceramics；
3. ceramics are removed out of metal after vibration a period of time；
4. the metal after refinement is removed crucible and is cooled to room temperature, the material of refinement crystal grain is obtained.
The step 2. in metal bath temperature drop to the mushy zone of the metal after, ceramics 0.5- is vibrated in mushy zone
20min。
The step 2. in the pre-heat treatment, the temperature of preheating is the temperature of metal bath, keeps the temperature 20-60 at this temperature
Min, the heating rate of warm are 5-50 DEG C/min.
The step 1. in metal bath in the above 5-50 DEG C of heat preservation 0.5-3h of liquidus curve.
Advantage and effect
The present invention can effectively prevent ultrasonic generator temperature is excessively high not work or decline by the way of non-contact ultrasonic vibration
Subtract the problem of seriously crystal grain refinement being caused to be limited in scope, can be realized continuous ultrasonic vibration, be conducive to metal bath crystal grain
Refinement is conducive to the promotion of metal and its alloy property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present device embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the cabinet and its inside top structural schematic diagram of present device embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of present device embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the cabinet and its inside top structural schematic diagram of present device embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is structural schematic diagram at the fixed ring of present device embodiment 2；
Fig. 6 is the ceramic structure schematic diagram with more vertical through-holes；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram at ultrasound vibration head support fixture clamping ultrasound vibration head；
Fig. 8 is linear bearing structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is Al, Cr, Fe and Ni system high-entropy alloy using the crystal grain figure before the refinement of this device and method；
Figure 10 is Al, Cr, Fe and Ni system high-entropy alloy using the crystal grain figure after the refinement of this device and method；
Figure 11 is metallic aluminium using the crystal grain figure before the refinement of this device and method；
Figure 12 is metallic aluminium using the crystal grain figure after the refinement of this device and method.
Description of symbols:
1. ultrasound vibration head, 2. cabinets, 3. case lids, 4. fixed plate connecting rods, 5. fixed plates, 6. oscillating plates, 7. oscillating plate connectors,
8. spring, 9. linear bearing a, 10. linear bearing b, 11. crucibles, 12. induction coils, 13. ceramics, 14. fixed rings, 15. metals
Melt, 16. ultrasound vibration head support fixtures, 17. support fixture pedestals, 18. power supply a, 19. power supply b, 20. arc clamp sheets, 21.
Hinge, 22. outside framework oil seals, 23. jackscrews.
Specific embodiment
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Apparatus embodiments 1
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, a kind of equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain, the upper end of cabinet 2
Equipped with case lid 3, the upper end of ultrasound vibration head 1 is fixed on ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16, the lower end of ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16
It is threadedly attached on support fixture pedestal 17, support fixture pedestal 17 has certain weight, prevents ultrasound vibration head 1 from working
When fall danger.One end two sides that ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16 is used to clamp ultrasound vibration head 1 are arc clamp sheet 20,
The side of arc clamp sheet 20 is set there are two the hinge 21 that control arc clamp sheet 20 opens and closes, the other side by screw and nut or
Bolt locking.The lower end of ultrasound vibration head 1 passes through case lid 3 and withstands on oscillating plate 6, is equipped with straight line between ultrasound vibration head 1 and case lid 3
The upper and lower side of bearing a 9, linear bearing a 9 are equipped with outside framework oil seal 22, and oscillating plate 6 is connected with multiple oscillating plate connectors 7, vibrate
Plate connector 7 passes through fixed plate 5 and lower end is connected with ceramics 13, and linear bearing is equipped between oscillating plate connector 7 and fixed plate 5
B 10, ceramics 13 are potsherd or ceramics pole, and the oscillating plate connector 7 between oscillating plate 6 and fixed plate 5 is cased with having for compression
The spring 8 of pretightning force, fixed plate 5 are connected on case lid 3 by multiple fixed plate connecting rods 4, are equipped with one in the cabinet 2
A crucible 11, the border of crucible 11 are equipped with the induction coil 12 for heating crucible, and ceramics 13 are located at the inside of crucible 11.Induction
Coil 12 is connected on power supply a 18 by power supply line, and ultrasound vibration head 1 is connected on power supply b 19 by power supply line.Preferably,
2 side of cabinet, which is equipped with, opens door, so as to Germicidal efficacy and maintenance.Oscillating plate connector 7 is that upside has screw thread, downside to have screw thread simultaneously
And the refractory nail that medial side is non-threaded, oscillating plate 6 have been connected through a screw thread multiple oscillating plate connectors 7, oscillating plate connection
Part 7 passes through fixed plate 5 and lower end has been connected through a screw thread ceramics 13, and ceramics 13 are the ceramics with more vertical through-holes, ceramics 13
Diameter be 100-10000mm, the quantity in hole is 100-5000, and aperture is 3 ~ 50 ㎜.
Apparatus embodiments 2
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, a kind of equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain, the upper end of cabinet 2
Equipped with case lid 3, the upper end of ultrasound vibration head 1 is fixed on ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16, the lower end of ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16
It is threadedly attached on support fixture pedestal 17, support fixture pedestal 17 has certain weight, prevents ultrasound vibration head 1 from working
When fall danger.One end two sides that ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16 is used to clamp ultrasound vibration head 1 are arc clamp sheet 20,
The side of arc clamp sheet 20 is set there are two the hinge 21 that control arc clamp sheet 20 opens and closes, the other side by screw and nut or
Bolt locking.The lower end of ultrasound vibration head 1 passes through case lid 3 and withstands on oscillating plate 6, is equipped with straight line between ultrasound vibration head 1 and case lid 3
The upper and lower side of bearing a 9, linear bearing a 9 are equipped with outside framework oil seal 22, and oscillating plate 6 is connected with multiple oscillating plate connectors 7, vibrate
Plate connector 7 passes through fixed plate 5 and lower end is connected with ceramics 13, and linear bearing is equipped between oscillating plate connector 7 and fixed plate 5
B 10, ceramics 13 are potsherd or ceramics pole, and the oscillating plate connector 7 between oscillating plate 6 and fixed plate 5 is cased with having for compression
The spring 8 of pretightning force, fixed plate 5 are connected on case lid 3 by multiple fixed plate connecting rods 4, are equipped with one in the cabinet 2
A crucible 11, the border of crucible 11 are equipped with the induction coil 12 for heating crucible, and ceramics 13 are located at the inside of crucible 11.Induction
Coil 12 is connected on power supply a 18 by power supply line, and ultrasound vibration head 1 is connected on power supply b 19 by power supply line.Preferably,
2 side of cabinet, which is equipped with, opens door, so as to Germicidal efficacy and maintenance.Oscillating plate connector 7 is the screw rod of 90 ° of bendings, and oscillating plate 6 is logical
It crosses nut and is connected with multiple oscillating plate connectors 7, oscillating plate connector 7 passes vertically through the end of fixed plate 5 and lower part bending
The mode all welded is connected in fixed ring 14, and 14 border of fixed ring is equipped with jackscrew 23, is fixed in fixed ring 14 by jackscrew 23
There are ceramics 13, ceramics 13 are ceramic rod, and ceramic diameter is 2 ~ 100mm.
Embodiment of the method 1
A method of crystal grain, packet are refined using the equipment preparation ultrasonic vibration such as above-mentioned apparatus embodiments 1 or apparatus embodiments 2
Include following steps:
1. will after refining metallic aluminium and being fused into metal bath 15 in crucible 11 and more than 15 liquidus curve of metal bath 5 DEG C guarantor
Warm 3h；
2. after metal bath temperature drops to the mushy zone of the metal, temperature is gold by the cooling a period of time of metal bath 15
The preheating temperature processing ceramics 13 for belonging to melt, keep the temperature 20 min at this temperature, and the heating rate of warm is 5 DEG C/min.
Ceramics 13 after the pre-heat treatment are fixed on fixed ring 14 and cover case lid 3 for ceramics 13, is immersed in molten metal, is vibrating
The top of plate 6 applies ultrasonic activation, and then is conducted to ceramics 13, and ceramics 13 vibrate 20min in mushy zone；
3. unclamping ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16 after vibration a period of time, and case lid 3 is opened simultaneously, so ceramics 13 from
It is removed in metal；
4. the metal after refinement is removed crucible and is cooled to room temperature, the material of refinement crystal grain is obtained.
As is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, metallic aluminium is schemed using the grain contrast before and after the refinement of this device and method.In metal
Apply ultrasonic vibration in process of setting, due to the high-energy of power ultrasound, it is easy to the crystal grain vibration of growth is broken, so as to aobvious
The growth for inhibiting crystal grain is write, and more heterogeneous nucleation mass point can be provided, to achieve the purpose that crystal grain refinement, is realized multiple
The promotion of condensation material performance.
Embodiment of the method 2
A method of crystal grain, packet are refined using the equipment preparation ultrasonic vibration such as above-mentioned apparatus embodiments 1 or apparatus embodiments 2
Include following steps:
1. will be after refining metallic aluminium and being fused into metal bath 15 in crucible 11 and 50 DEG C more than 15 liquidus curve of metal bath
Keep the temperature 0.5h；
2. after metal bath temperature drops to the mushy zone of the metal, temperature is gold by the cooling a period of time of metal bath 15
The preheating temperature processing ceramics 13 for belonging to melt, keep the temperature 60min at this temperature, and the heating rate of warm is 50 DEG C/min.
Ceramics 13 after the pre-heat treatment are fixed on fixed ring 14 and cover case lid 3 for ceramics 13, is immersed in molten metal, is vibrating
The top of plate 6 applies ultrasonic activation, and then is conducted to ceramics 13, and ceramics 13 vibrate 0.5min in mushy zone；
3. unclamping ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16 after vibration a period of time, and case lid 3 is opened simultaneously, so ceramics 13 from
It is removed in metal；
4. the metal after refinement is removed crucible and is cooled to room temperature, the material of refinement crystal grain is obtained.
Apply ultrasonic vibration in metal solidification process, due to the high-energy of power ultrasound, it is easy to by the crystal grain of growth
It shakes broken, so as to significantly inhibit the growth of crystal grain, and more heterogeneous nucleation mass point can be provided, so that it is thin to reach crystal grain
The purpose of change realizes the promotion of composite property.
Embodiment of the method 3
A method of crystal grain, packet are refined using the equipment preparation ultrasonic vibration such as above-mentioned apparatus embodiments 1 or apparatus embodiments 2
Include following steps:
1. will be after refining Al, Cr, Fe and Ni system high-entropy alloy and being fused into metal bath 15 in crucible 11 and in metal bath
More than 15 liquidus curves 25 DEG C of heat preservation 0.5-3h；
2. after metal bath temperature drops to the mushy zone of the metal, temperature is gold by the cooling a period of time of metal bath 15
The preheating temperature processing ceramics 13 for belonging to melt, keep the temperature 40 min at this temperature, and the heating rate of warm is 30 DEG C/min.
Ceramics 13 after the pre-heat treatment are fixed on fixed ring 14 and cover case lid 3 for ceramics 13, is immersed in molten metal, is vibrating
The top of plate 6 applies ultrasonic activation, and then is conducted to ceramics 13, and ceramics 13 vibrate 10min in mushy zone；
3. unclamping ultrasound vibration head support fixture 16 after vibration a period of time, and case lid 3 is opened simultaneously, so ceramics 13 from
It is removed in metal；
4. the metal after refinement is removed crucible and is cooled to room temperature, the material of refinement crystal grain is obtained.
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, Al, Cr, Fe and Ni system high-entropy alloy are using the crystalline substance before and after the refinement of this device and method
Grain comparison diagram.The acoustic streaming and cavitation effect of power ultrasound are conducive to uniform point of alloy mutually inside melt as seen from the figure
Cloth, therefore be conducive to bcc phase and be distributed more uniform, bcc intensity is higher, so equally distributed bcc phase is able to ascend material
Whole incompressible intensity.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain, it is characterised in that: the upper end of cabinet (2) is equipped with case lid (3),
The upper end of ultrasound vibration head (1) is fixed in ultrasound vibration head support fixture (16), and the lower end of ultrasound vibration head (1) passes through case lid (3) simultaneously
It withstands on oscillating plate (6), oscillating plate (6) is connected with multiple oscillating plate connectors (7), and oscillating plate connector (7) passes through fixed plate
(5) and lower end is connected with ceramic (13), and ceramic (13) are potsherd or ceramics pole, the vibration between oscillating plate (6) and fixed plate (5)
Movable plate connector (7) is cased with the spring (8) with pretightning force, and fixed plate (5) is connected to by multiple fixed plate connecting rods (4)
On case lid (3), a crucible (11) is equipped in the cabinet (2), the border of crucible (11) is equipped with the sense for heating crucible
It answers coil (12), ceramic (13) are located at the inside of crucible (11).
2. the equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ultrasound vibration
The lower end of head support fixture (16) is threadedly attached on support fixture pedestal (17), and ultrasound vibration head support fixture (16) is used for
Clamping ultrasound vibration head (1) one end two sides be arc clamp sheet (20), the side of arc clamp sheet (20) set there are two control arc
The hinge (21) of clamp piece (20) folding, the other side are locked by screw and nut or bolt.
3. the equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the oscillating plate
Connector (7) is that upside has screw thread, downside to have screw thread and the non-threaded refractory nail of medial side, and oscillating plate (6) passes through spiral shell
Line is connected with multiple oscillating plate connectors (7), and oscillating plate connector (7) passes through fixed plate (5) and lower end has been connected through a screw thread
Ceramic (13), ceramic (13) are the ceramics with more vertical through-holes, and the diameter of ceramic (13) is 100-10000mm, the quantity in hole
It is 100-5000, aperture is 3 ~ 50 ㎜.
4. the equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the oscillating plate
Connector (7) is the screw rod of 90 ° of bendings, and oscillating plate (6) is connected with multiple oscillating plate connectors (7), and oscillating plate connector (7) is perpendicular
Direct puncture crosses fixed plate (5) and the end of lower part bending is all connected on fixed ring (14), and fixed ring (14) border is equipped with jackscrew
(23), it is fixed with ceramic (13) by jackscrew (23) in fixed ring (14), ceramic (13) are ceramic rod, ceramic diameter is 2 ~
100mm。
5. the equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ultrasound vibration
Linear bearing a(9 is equipped between head (1) and case lid (3)), linear bearing is equipped between oscillating plate connector (7) and fixed plate (5)
B(10).
6. the equipment of non-contact ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the linear axis
Hold a(9) upper and lower side be equipped with outside framework oil seal (22).
7. a kind of method using equipment as described in claim 1 preparation ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain, it is characterised in that: including
Following steps:
1. after refining metal and melting in crucible (11) and will be kept the temperature a period of time；
2. by metal bath (15) cooling a period of time, after melt temperature drops to mushy zone, by the ceramics after the pre-heat treatment
(13) it is immersed in molten metal, applies ultrasonic activation in the top of oscillating plate (6), and then be conducted to ceramic (13)；
3. ceramic (13) are removed out of metal after vibration a period of time；
4. the metal after refinement is removed crucible and is cooled to room temperature, the material of refinement crystal grain is obtained.
8. the method for preparation ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the step is 2. middle golden
After the temperature of category melt (15) drops to the mushy zone of the metal, ceramic (13) vibrate 0.5-20min in mushy zone.
9. it is according to claim 7 preparation ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain method, it is characterised in that: the step 2. in
The pre-heat treatment, the temperature of preheating is the temperature of metal bath (15), keep the temperature 20-60 min at this temperature, warm
Heating rate is 5-50 DEG C/min.
10. it is according to claim 7 preparation ultrasonic vibration refinement crystal grain method, it is characterised in that: the step 1. in
Metal bath (15) is in the above 5-50 DEG C of heat preservation 0.5-3h of liquidus curve.
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| CN115216656A (en) * | 2022-03-05 | 2022-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for changing toughness phase form of Nb-Si alloy through ultrasonic treatment |
| CN115647335A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-31 | 山东大学 | Metal solidification device and method with multi-physical-field coupling effect |
| CN117701923A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2024-03-15 | 光微半导体材料(宁波)有限公司 | Grain refinement method for high-purity material |
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| CN117701923A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2024-03-15 | 光微半导体材料(宁波)有限公司 | Grain refinement method for high-purity material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110512070B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221117 Address after: 113122 No. 2604-34, No. 60, Zhongli chengyuefu, Xiangyu Road, Shenfu New District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Liaoning Zhongke Boyan Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.111 Shenyang West Liaoning Economic Development Zone Patentee before: SHENYANG University OF TECHNOLOGY |