CN106944598B - A kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device and its casting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device and its casting method, described device includes crucible for smelting stove, crucible standing furnace, flow control mechanism, part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer system and vertical semi-continuous casting machine；The electromagnetic crystallizer system is the built-in inner metal sleeve crystallizer system for fixing one group of magnet exciting coil, including inner metal sleeve, cooling water cavity, magnet exciting coil, oil supply system, cloth oil system and protection compression ring.The present invention by adjusting the frequency of electric current, duty ratio and average current intensity method, the electric current of distinct waveforms is formed in the single magnet exciting coil in being placed in crystallizer cooling water cavity, and then desirable forced convertion or concussion effect are formed with smaller current strength in a crystallizer, reach the technique effect that ingot blank crystal grain significantly refines, column crystal is obviously reduced or eliminates and reduces gross segregation and realization low stress casting.In similar function and effect, electromagnetic crystallizer system bulk of the invention is 1/3~1/2 originally.

Description

A kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device and its casting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of metal preparation, specially a kind of to realize semi-continuous casting ingot blank by applying electromagnetic field The casting device and its casting method of structure refinement and homogenization of composition.

Background technology

Magnesium alloy is with density is small, specific strength is high, good heat dissipation bigger than elasticity modulus, absorb shock resistance are good, absorbs impact load energy Power is bigger than aluminium alloy and resistance to organic matter and the advantages that good alkali corrosion resistance, thus magnesium alloy communications and transportation, weaponry, The fields such as aerospace, computer communication and consumption electronic product have broad application prospects.But magnesium alloy exists by force The problems such as degree is not high, plastic deformation ability force difference and corrosion resistance is bad, it has also become expand the obstacle of magnesium alloy application.Improve metal The main method of the strength of materials has solution strengthening, precipitation strength, refined crystalline strengthening and working hardening, due to can be with magnesium alloy chemical Element ratio iron and aluminium are all few, and the quantity that can strengthen the stabilization hardening constituent of magnesium matrix is less, and therefore, improving magnesium alloy strength can only It is more to rely on refined crystalline strengthening and working hardening.The fact also turns out that the refined crystalline strengthening effect of most of magnesium alloys will be better than aluminium and close Gold, i.e., in Hall~Page (Hall~Petch) relationship, magnesium alloy has the k-factor of bigger, such as the K values of AZ31 can be with Reach 200~240, and aluminium alloy generally only has 60~90.Although certain fine grain runs through the whole preparation process of magnesium alloy materials, But for wrought magnesium alloy, the grain refining of wrought magnesium alloy billet is to realize the important prerequisite of the final grain refining of material.Together When, the grain refining of blank will also be effectively improved the deformational behavior of blank, improves the formability in deformation process, reaches raising and become a useful person The effect of rate, this is more notable in the rolling of magnesium alloy and Forging Technology, and especially when being forged, fine grain blank is by pole The big generation and development for improving the deformability of magnesium alloy and significantly reduce swaging deformation crack defect.

At present in addition to the magnesium alloy of a small number of high-activity magnesium alloys (such as magnesium lithium alloy) and high casting crack trend is (as height is dilute Native alloyed magnesium alloy) except, deformation (including rolling, extruding and forging) is partly connected by direct water-cooling mostly with magnesium alloy blank Continuous casting technique (i.e. DC castings) prepares and production.Although DC casting techniques have quality more apparent than permanent die cast and efficiency Advantage, but because of its heat dissipation direction and cooled and solidified feature, the metal stock casting readily including magnesium alloy is because in cross section Different parts temperature gradient and cooling rate difference are big and lead to the huge difference of inside and outside crystallite dimension on cross section, can also be because of It radiates single-orientated and leads to the columnar zone for large area occur, while can also be led because of sequential difference is solidified on same section Cause serious gross segregation and casting internal stress.It is uneven that these situations all will generate such as deformation to the deformation after unloading of casting ingot Even, crackle and the unequal serious harmful effect of organization and performance and result.Therefore, how to further increase including deformed Mg The metallurgical quality of DC casting ingots including alloy blank improves the structure refinement and uniformization effect of blank, reduces macroscopic view partially Analysis degree reduces or eliminates the columnar zone in casting ingot, is the target of blank casting industry ongoing effort.

Realize the above target, in technological means by adjusting mold structure and optimization casting technological parameter be weight Approach is wanted, as Chinese patent ZL201110386386.0 is disclosed《Inside and outside two-way cooling continuous casting magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy ingot dress It sets and technique》, outside blank one it is cold with two it is cold on the basis of, by bar solidification liquid cave top increase can take away core heat Interior cold head device, to reduce transverse temperature gradient and cooling rate difference, to reach fine grain effect.In addition, numerous studies are Show that it is to change to apply outfield (including permanent magnetic field, electromagnetic field, pulse electromagnetic field, combined electric magnetic field, ultrasonic wave, mechanical wave etc.) The highly effective method of metal freezing behavior.Chinese patent ZL03133389.3《Semisolid is produced in the casting of magnesium alloy ultralow temperature Paste-making method》And ZL200810010647.7《The cunning electromagnetic vertical type semi-continuous casting method and crystallizer of magnesium alloy ingot blank》Respectively One kind is disclosed to realize by applying low frequency electromagnetic field generation forced convertion during magnesium alloy rod DC semi-continuous castings The method for casting bar structure refinement and Elemental redistribution homogenization；Chinese patent ZL200710010640.0《Power ultrasonic with it is low The horizontal continuous light alloy casting process and equipment of frequency electromagnetism synergistic effect》And ZL200710010641.5《Power ultrasonic with it is low The big specification ingot blank vertical type semi-continuous casting method of light-alloy and equipment of frequency electromagnetism synergistic effect》It individually discloses a kind of in magnesium conjunction Apply combined power ultrasound and low frequency electromagnetic during golden bar DC semi-continuous castings simultaneously, overcomes electromagnetism to become using power ultrasonic Skin effect and overcome power ultrasonic limited limitation in zone of action due to energy rapid decay using electromagnetism forced convertion, realizes The remarkable result of the structure refinement and Elemental redistribution homogenization of larger specification magnesium alloy rod casting.The above technology is by list Apply electric current in one loading coil to realize the application of electromagnetic field, but the skin that becomes due to electromagnetism in the metal bath of quasi- processing Effect applies prodigious electric current to reach technique effect needs in loading coil, even so, is solidified in larger volume melt When be often also difficult to reach ideal technique effect.

Zhang Qin and Guo Shijie studies have shown that by installed in Semi-continuous casting crystallizer two difference indirect currents and The magnet exciting coil of direct current is oriented to iron core come the steady weighing apparatus magnetic field generated and alternating magnetic field, in conjunction with electromagnetism, realize 7075 aluminium alloys or AZ80 magnesium alloy fused mass is forced to shake, and can achieve the effect that obviously to refine its solidified structure and inhibit segregation and crackle, But due to using two sets of coils, first, bulky, be unfavorable for the arrangement of crystallizer, be on the other hand two coils physics away from From also reducing its coupling effect, meanwhile, due also to the iron core being placed on the inside of coil also significantly increases D.C.casting casting fluid injection The complexity of operating process, so only staying in the laboratory research stage, it is difficult to realize industrial applications.

Invention content

To solve the above problem of the existing technology, the present invention will design a kind of both simple in structure, small volume, be easy to Realize commercial Application, and electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device and its casting method without applying very high current to loading coil, with Magnesium alloy semi-continuous casting blank is set to fully meet plastic deformation process (especially forging technology and rolling mill practice) to casting Blank crystallite dimension and homogeneity of ingredients requirement.

To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device, including crucible Smelting furnace, crucible standing furnace, flow control mechanism, part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer system and vertical semi-continuous casting machine, the earthenware Pipette A, crucible standing furnace, pipette B, flow control mechanism, part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer are passed through in the outlet of crucible smelting furnace successively System is connected to vertical semi-continuous casting machine, and the crucible for smelting stove is connect with heating system and compression system, the earthenware Crucible standing furnace is connect with heating system and compression system, and the pipette A and pipette B are connect with heating control device, The electromagnetic crystallizer system is connect with electromagnetic power system, cooling water system and protection gas system respectively；

The electromagnetic crystallizer system is the built-in inner metal sleeve crystallizer system for fixing one group of magnet exciting coil, including gold Belong to inner sleeve, cooling water cavity, magnet exciting coil, oil supply system, cloth oil system and protection compression ring；The inner metal sleeve is tubular knot The top of structure, inner metal sleeve is flange arrangement, and middle and lower part is cylindrical drum or taper cone barrel, and the downward opening degree of the taper cone barrel is 3~10 °；The inner metal sleeve constitutes cooling water cavity with Jie's plate, housing, bottom plate and water shutoff plate；The cooling water cavity is equipped with Water inlet pipe；Sealing joint strip is set between the inner metal sleeve and Jie's plate, the apopore of secondary cooling water is arranged in inner metal sleeve bottom end, The upper edge of inner metal sleeve is equipped with cloth oil system and protection compression ring；The water shutoff plate is mounted on inner metal sleeve bottom end and bottom plate seam Below；The magnet exciting coil is fixed in cooling water cavity by positioning fixture and is immersed in cooling water；The positioning card Tool includes fixed upper plate, fixing bolt and fixed lower plate, and the magnet exciting coil is fixed between fixed upper plate and fixed lower plate, Electromagnetism connecting cable by being located at housing side is connect with high power low-frequency power supply；Row is set near the upper surface of housing side Air valve；The cloth oil system is made of 2 oil grooves, permeability seam and oil cap plate, and 2 oil grooves constitute 2 together with oil cap plate A accumulator is stitched between accumulator by several permeabilitys and is connected to, and the cloth oil system is communicated with oil supply system；The protection gas Ring is equipped with the inlet and outlet of protection gas.

Further, crucible used in the crucible for smelting stove and crucible standing furnace is no nickel cast steel crucible, and charging is held Amount is 0.8~3t, heats or use heated by natural gas with resistance heating body.

Further, the pipette B is outsourcing alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton and stainless with the inverted U of glass tape winding Steel pipe；The pipette B includes supervisor, long coat pipe and reducing garment pipe, and long coat is arranged in the liquid feeding end of the pipette B Pipe, the lower end of long coat pipe is welded near pipette B input ends, connecting flange, connecting flange is arranged in the upper end of long coat pipe With the flanged joint of sealed crucible cover plate central, sealed graphite is filled between connecting flange and the flange of sealed crucible cover plate central Packing, and pass through fastening clamp apparatus pressurization；Reducing garment pipe is arranged in the outlet end of pipette B, and the lower end of reducing garment pipe is in liquid relief It nearby welds the outlet ends pipe B；Supporting rack is arranged close to outlet end in the pipette B, and there is the supporting rack height to adjust Function；Baffle slot is arranged in the liquid feeding end of the pipette B；Connection electrode is set on the sealed crucible cover board, it is described Temperature control point is arranged in the knee being responsible near upper inlet end；The temperature control point is connect with heating control device；The heating Control device connect shape with sealed crucible cover board, fastening clamp apparatus, long coat pipe, supervisor and reducing garment pipe successively by temperature control cable At heating circuit.

Further, the baffle slot is active catch chute, is avoided in liquid feeding end when being extruded for melt unclean Bottom liquid stream enters in pipette B；Flow control is carried out by the degree of filling in of the cone of flow control mechanism at melt outlet end.

Further, the pipette A is identical with pipette B structure, for melt to be imported earthenware from crucible for smelting stove Crucible standing furnace, outlet end need not carry out flow control；The heating control device of the pipette A and pipette B is pipette Real-time control apparatus, voltage 24V are heated by low-voltage and high-current, electric current is 1000~2000A.

Further, the flow control mechanism includes cone, hook A, lever, counterweight and holder, the holder packet Bottom plate, portal frame and riser are included, the lever is jag lever, and lever jag end is by linking up with A connections cone, the other end Counterweight is set；Lever is mounted on by bloster hinge on riser；Adjusting bolt is set on the portal frame, and adjusting bolt passes through spiral shell Line is mounted on portal frame, the lower end of adjusting bolt and lever contact, and cone and liquid relief are adjusted by adjusting bolt and counterweight Regulating flow is carried out in gap between the outlets pipe B, and the apex angle of cone is 30~45 degree, is highly 30~40mm.

Further, the part flow arrangement includes height and Level tune nut, suspension holdfast and slot；The suspension Holder is connect by connecting rod with slot by two cross bars respectively；There are four the height and Level tune nut, installs respectively At the both ends of two suspension holdfasts, highly connect with the lower end of Level tune nut and Jie's plate upper surface of electromagnetic crystallizer system It touches, is used for the height and horizontality of regulating tank；Multiple tap holes are arranged in the slot side；The slot is rectangular channel or circle Shape slot；The material of the slot uses austenite stainless steel material；The circular hole or H10 that the tap hole is 15~20mm of Φ~ The rectangular opening of 15mm × L15~30mm；Tap hole is not less than 5~15mm away from groove bottom edge distance；Trench bottom be it is flat or under Concave bottom.

Further, the inner metal sleeve by 6001,6063,6069 or 6N01 aluminium alloys forging blank machining and At lateral thickness is 10~25mm, and is machined with reinforcing rib by cooling water cavity side, and inner metal sleeve is processed with molten metal contacts face Finish reaches 6.4 or more；A diameter of 1.0~the 3.5mm of secondary cooling water apopore of inner metal sleeve bottom end, and apopore with it is vertical The angle in direction is 20~60 degree, and apopore is 1~3 hole/10mm, the water outlet of apopore along the line density of inner metal sleeve circumferential direction With at a distance from magnet exciting coil half height horizontal plane be 30~80mm；The inner metal sleeve top surface is machined with twice oil groove, top Face medial angle be machined be evenly distributed permeability seam, permeability slit width degree be 0.1~0.5mm, permeability stitch density be 1~3/ 10mm；

Jie's plate of the electromagnetic crystallizer system is the austenite stainless steel material with good magnetic permeability energy, with metal Inner sleeve junction is machined with seal groove, and bolts assemblies hole is machined with back plate connections；The bottom plate and housing is common low Carbon steel or common stainless steel material；The housing is nearby machined with 1~4 by steel pipe or reel welding manufacture, on the coat end A gas vent is simultaneously equipped with air bleeding valve, and 1~2 water inlet pipe, water inlet water inlet tube direction and housing table are configured in housing half height Face approximation is tangent；In sleeve surface and water inlet pipe, in 90 degree of angle processing, there are two cable aperture；

The magnet exciting coil is to wind 60~150 circles with insulation flat type copper wire with single direction to form, and insulation flat type copper wire is horizontal Section specification is (2~4) × (3~10) mm, and insulation flat copper line insulating layer used is polyimide varnish, and insulation grade anti-corrosion meets The C grades of national standard, insulating layer breakdown voltage are more than 5000V；Magnet exciting coil positioning height is adjusted by positioning fixture as needed, Wherein fixed upper plate is a cyclic annular bakelite plate, and fixed lower plate is the adjustable for height rectangle bakelite being respectively fitted in fastening bolt Plate.

Further, the input terminal of the electromagnetic power system be connected with three phase mains through isolating transformer, output end It is connect with the electromagnetism connecting cable of electromagnetic crystallizer system；The electromagnetic power system simultaneously with 1~4 electromagnetic crystallizer system System connection.When casting two or two or more simultaneously, the electromagnetism connecting cable of each electromagnetic crystallizer system is connected It is connect again with electromagnetic power system later；

The electromagnetic power system is connect with the magnet exciting coil in electromagnetic crystallizer system, is applied on magnet exciting coil straight Stream and continuous sawtooth superposition ripple, continuous sawtooth wave or pulse sawtooth wave, to generate inductive electromagnetic in electromagnetic crystallizer system , and the Lorentz field of force to be formed that interacts with melt, so that the melt in liquid cave is generated low frequency electromagnetic pulsation concussion convection cell Stream continuously shakes convectional circulation or Continuous convective circulation, and presents respectively on the melt liquid level of electromagnetic crystallizer system larger The liquid level of ripple, the liquid level compared with ripplet and substantially tranquil liquid level enter by the metal bath handled above is gradually cooling Mushy zone, until forming solidification ingot casting, which has fine grain, homogeneous and low casting stress The characteristics of.

The electromagnetic power system realizes the load low-frequency current parameter setting of steady operation ranging from：Frequency f=1~ 50Hz, duty ratio d=1%~90%, current strength I=1~200A.

Further, the specification of the pipette A and pipette B is 2~38mm of outer diameter, 2.5~4mm of wall thickness.

A kind of casting method of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device, includes the following steps：

A, fusion process

A1, as required component carry out the melting of magnesium alloy in crucible for smelting stove, and it is 720~740 to refine system for the first time It is refined with flux and argon gas at DEG C, is carried out at the same time stirring, refining time 20~30 minutes stands 10~15 points after dragging for bottom ash Clock；Fusing is finished and in the melt liquid relief to crucible standing furnace through first time refining.In crucible for smelting stove and crucible standing furnace Fusing be isolated with flux with refining process and protected.It uses and leads to the pipetting processes of crucible standing furnace from crucible for smelting stove Liquid pump or closing are forced through pipette A and carry out liquid relief, and wherein pipette A carries out temperature control, temperature in elbow arrangement thermocouple 710℃；5 DEG C of temperature fluctuation range；Or it carry out liquid relief with the liquid relief bull ladle that can be hung on crane by hook B.Liquid relief bull ladle By with control handle can self-locking stopper regulating mechanism, stopper verticality retention bar and backpack body form, can self-locking stopper adjust Mechanism is connect by stopper with cone.When using liquid relief bull ladle liquid relief, preheated liquid relief bull ladle is slowly immersed in crucible for smelting In stove, when melt liquid level is close to top, pressure can self-locking control handle, cone presses downward in bull ladle base cone hole, closes Liquid relief bull ladle is slowly hung in crucible standing furnace later, then upper voltage-controlled handle processed releases melt.Wherein, the cone of taper hole and cone Degree is 15 degree；

A2, second or third time refining treatment are passed through in crucible standing furnace, it is 720~740 DEG C that second, which refines system, It is lower to be refined with flux and argon gas, it is carried out at the same time stirring, refining time 10~15 minutes stands 20 minutes after dragging for bottom ash；The Refining system is to be refined with flux and argon gas at 720~740 DEG C three times, is carried out at the same time stirring, 10 minutes left sides of refining time Bottom ash is dragged on the right side；

A3, after refining, operate except iron in crucible standing furnace.It is carried out first with 1~5 DEG C/min cooling rates Standing is cooled to 630~640 DEG C, is rapidly heated later to 670~730 DEG C with 10~15 DEG C/min heating rates, that is, goes out liquid casting It makes；

A4, by way of sealed crucible standing furnace and pressurization melt from preheated pipette B export；Pass through flow control Mechanism imports melt in part flow arrangement, enters back into electromagnetic crystallizer system.The electromagnetic crystallizer system in casting process Melt liquid level is all made of N₂+ 1%SF₆Mixed gas carries out insulation blocking.

B, casting process

B1, electromagnetic crystallizer system cooling water flow is regulated as 15~800L/min and closes cooling water；

B2, centering dummy bar head simultaneously regulate it and enter the height of inner metal sleeve, and precoat a small amount of profit in inner metal sleeve inner wall Lubricating oil；

B3, part flow arrangement is placed in inner metal sleeve cental axial position and regulates height；Pipette B and flow control mechanism are connected It connects, and the both ends pipette B and heating cable connection and opens power supply and be heated to required temperature；The heated for controlling temperature sides pipette B Formula is identical as pipette A.

B4, cooling water system and protection gas system are opened；Electromagnetic power system and electromagnetic crystallizer system are attached, Low frequency electromagnetic parameter is set according to ingot blank specification and alloy species and opens electromagnetic field, and the parameter includes the frequency of electromagnetism Rate, duty ratio and average current intensity.Its optimum condition is：For electromagnetic frequency in 4~40Hz, duty ratio 10%~50% is average Current strength is 10~50A；

B5, the compression system and combination pressure and flow control institutional adjustment pressure for opening crucible standing furnace；Wait for electromagnetic crystallizer After melt in system reaches specified altitude, open semi-continuous casting device and adjust casting speed to 20~260mm/min into Row casting, it is different according to the specification size for standby ingot blank of drawing up and alloy species, to the casting speed V of Round Billet and rectangular ingot blank into Row is adjusted, and total rule is that ingot blank cross sectional dimensions is bigger, and casting speed is lower, and the casting speed of rectangular ingot blank is less than equal cut The casting speed of face Round Billet；Opened in casting process and adjust be placed in inner metal sleeve upper end oil supply system be inner metal sleeve with Molten metal contacts face provides lubrication, until casting finishes；

B6, cast blank are through sawing machine scale, and for circle ingot casting through lathe turning, rectangle ingot is finished product behind milling machine milling face.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：

1, the method for the invention by adjusting the frequency of electric current, duty ratio and average current intensity, it is cold being placed in crystallizer But the electric current of distinct waveforms is formed in the single loading coil in water cavity, and then is formed in a crystallizer with smaller current strength Desirable forced convertion or concussion effect, reach that ingot blank crystal grain significantly refines, column crystal is obviously reduced or eliminates and reduces Gross segregation and the technique effect for realizing low stress casting.

2, the present invention, which proposes, utilizes same electromagnetic crystallizer system, you can applies very low electricity in single loading coil Stream realizes that the very strong electromagnetism of quasi- casting melt is continuous or pulsation forced convertion effect, single loading coil can also realize very herein Strong electromagnetism continuously shakes effect.Therefore, the device of the invention is simple in structure and occupied space is smaller, and crystallizer is facilitated to arrange It is operated with actual casting.Compared with the device of existing two sets of magnet exciting coils and guiding core structure, in similar function and effect In the case of, electromagnetic crystallizer system bulk of the invention is 1/3~1/2 originally.Technical scheme of the present invention can industrialize Using.

3, it is two crucible methods that the present invention changes a crucible method by fusion process, i.e. melting is operated with standing respectively in crucible for smelting stove It is carried out in crucible standing furnace, and cooling~heating stroke is stood using control and operated except iron, it is high to obtain degree of purity Magnesium alloy fused mass；Meanwhile applying continuous electromagnetism or pulsating field or continuous concussion during magnesium alloy ingot blank semi-continuous casting The carry out forced convertion of electromagnetic field, and combine other casting conditions accuracy controlling, can reach ingot blank crystal grain significantly refine, column Shape crystalline substance is obviously reduced or eliminates and reduce gross segregation and realizes the technique effect of low stress casting.

4, the present invention can obviously refine casting magnesium ingot crystal grain, and diminution even is eliminated columnar zone and coarse grain zone, improves casting Structural homogenity is made, magnesium alloy semi-continuous casting blank is enable to fully meet plastic deformation process requirement.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the device of the invention composition schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the pipette and its heating and temperature controlling device schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is flow control mechanism structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is the part flow arrangement structural schematic diagram of Round Billet casting.

Fig. 5 is A~A sectional views of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is the axonometric drawing of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is the part flow arrangement structural schematic diagram of rectangular ingot blank casting.

Fig. 8 is A~A sectional views of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the axonometric drawing of Fig. 7.

Figure 10 is electromagnetic crystallizer system structure diagram.

Figure 11 is one of horizontal layout and cabled manner schematic diagram of more electromagnetic crystallizer systems.

Figure 12 is the horizontal layout and the two of cabled manner schematic diagram of more electromagnetic crystallizer systems.

Figure 13 is the horizontal layout and the three of cabled manner schematic diagram of more electromagnetic crystallizer systems.

Figure 14 is liquid relief bull ladle structural schematic diagram.

Figure 15 is melt " fountain type " pulsation concussion convectional circulation schematic diagram in crystallizer liquid cave.

Figure 16 is crystallizer melt " fountain type " continuously concussion convectional circulation schematic diagram.

Figure 17 is crystallizer melt " fountain type " Continuous convective circulation schematic diagram.

Casting speed choice relation schematic diagram when Figure 18 is the casting of different size Round Billet.

Casting speed choice relation schematic diagram when Figure 19 is the casting of different size rectangular ingot blank.

Figure 20 is ingot blank casting observation sampling point schematic diagram.

Figure 21 is 1 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 22 is 1 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 23 is 2 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 24 is 2 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 25 is 3 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 26 is 3 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 27 is 4 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 28 is 4 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 29 is 5 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 30 is 5 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 31 is 6 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 32 is 6 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 33 is 7 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 34 is 7 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

Figure 35 is 8 casting ingot macrostructure schematic diagram of embodiment.

Figure 36 is 8 casting ingot crystal grain subregion of embodiment and grain size distribution schematic diagram.

In figure：1, baffle slot；2, sealed crucible cover board；3, heating and temperature controlling device；4, connection electrode；5, fastening clamp apparatus；6、 Sealed graphite packing；7, connecting flange；8, temperature control point；9, it is responsible for；10, alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton；11, glass tape；12, it supports Frame；13, reducing garment pipe；14, long coat pipe；15, cone；16, A is linked up with；17, lever；18, bloster hinge；19, adjusting bolt； 20, counterweight；21, holder；22, suspension holdfast；23, slot；24, highly with Level tune nut；25, tap hole；26, fuel feeding system System；27, compression ring is protected；28, cloth oil system；29, inner metal sleeve；30, sealing joint strip；31, Jie's plate；32, air bleeding valve；33, housing Side；34, fixed upper plate；35, fixing bolt；36, magnet exciting coil；37, fixed lower plate；38, bottom plate；39, housing；40, water shutoff Plate；41, apopore；42, electromagnetism connecting cable；43, water inlet pipe；44, permeability stitches；45, oil groove；46, oil cap plate；47, electromagnetism Crystallizer system；48, electromagnetic power system；49, pulse oscillating circulation；50, compared with the liquid level of big ripple；51, mushy zone；52, it coagulates Gu ingot casting；53, circulation is continuously shaken；54, compared with the liquid level of ripplet；55, Continuous convective circulation；56, basic tranquil liquid level； 57, B is linked up with；It 58, can self-locking stopper regulating mechanism；59, handle is controlled；60, stopper verticality retention bar；61, backpack body；62、 Stopper；63, cone.

D is casting circle blank diameter；V is casting speed；W is casting Single Size Rectangular Blanks cross-sectional width；T is casting Single Size Rectangular Blanks Section thickness；A is casting direction edge；C is casting direction (1/2) R；E is casting direction center.

Specific implementation mode

The present invention is further described through below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1-13, a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device, including crucible for smelting stove, crucible standing furnace, flow control machine The outlet of structure, part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 and vertical semi-continuous casting machine, the crucible for smelting stove is passed through successively Pipette A, crucible standing furnace, pipette B, flow control mechanism, part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 are connected to vertical semicontinuous Casting machine, the crucible for smelting stove are connect with heating system and compression system, the crucible standing furnace and heating system and Compression system connects, and the pipette A and pipette B are connect with heating control device, the electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 connect with electromagnetic power system 48, cooling water system and protection gas system respectively；

As shown in Figure 10, the electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 is the built-in inner metal sleeve knot for fixing one group of magnet exciting coil 36 Brilliant device system, including inner metal sleeve 29, cooling water cavity, magnet exciting coil 36, oil supply system 26, cloth oil system 28 and protection compression ring 27；The inner metal sleeve 29 is tubular construction, and the top of inner metal sleeve 29 is flange arrangement, and middle and lower part is cylindrical drum or circular cone Cylinder, the downward opening degree of the taper cone barrel are 3~10 °；The inner metal sleeve 29 and Jie's plate 31, housing 39, bottom plate 38 and Water shutoff plate 40 constitutes cooling water cavity；The cooling water cavity is equipped with water inlet pipe 43；Between the inner metal sleeve 29 and Jie's plate 31 Sealing joint strip 30 is set, and the apopore 41 of secondary cooling water is arranged in 29 bottom end of inner metal sleeve, and cloth oil is equipped in the upper edge of inner metal sleeve 29 System 28 and protection compression ring 27；The water shutoff plate 40 is mounted below 29 bottom end of inner metal sleeve and 38 seam of bottom plate；Described Magnet exciting coil 36 is fixed in cooling water cavity by positioning fixture and is immersed in cooling water；The positioning fixture includes fixing Upper plate 34, fixing bolt 35 and fixed lower plate 37, the magnet exciting coil 36 be fixed on fixed upper plate 34 and fixed lower plate 37 it Between, the electromagnetism connecting cable 42 by being located at housing side 33 is connect with high power low-frequency power supply；In 33 upper surface of housing side Setting air bleeding valve 32 nearby；The cloth oil system 28 is made of 2 oil grooves 45, permeability seam 44 and oil cap plate 46,2 oil ducts Slot 45 constitutes 2 accumulators together with oil cap plate 46, is connected to by several permeabilitys seam 44 between accumulator, the cloth oil system 28 It is communicated with oil supply system 26；The protection compression ring 27 is equipped with the inlet and outlet of protection gas.

Further, crucible used in the crucible for smelting stove and crucible standing furnace is no nickel cast steel crucible, and charging is held Amount is 0.8~3t, heats or use heated by natural gas with resistance heating body.

As shown in Fig. 2, the pipette B, the inverted U wound for outsourcing alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton 10 and with glass tape 11 Stainless steel tube；The pipette B includes supervisor 9, long coat pipe 14 and reducing garment pipe 13, the liquid feeding end of the pipette B Long coat pipe 14 is set, and the lower end of long coat pipe 14 is welded near pipette B input ends, the setting of the upper end of long coat pipe 14 connects Acting flange 7, the flanged joint of connecting flange 7 and 2 center of sealed crucible cover board, connecting flange 7 and 2 center of sealed crucible cover board Sealed graphite packing 6 is filled between flange, and passes through 5 pressurization of fastening clamp apparatus；Reducing garment pipe is arranged in the outlet end of pipette B 13, the lower end of reducing garment pipe 13 is welded near the outlet ends pipette B；Supporting rack is arranged close to outlet end in the pipette B 12, the supporting rack 12 has height adjusting function；The liquid feeding end setting baffle slot 1 of the pipette B；The crucible Connection electrode 4 is set on seal cover board 2, and temperature control point 8 is arranged in the knee near the 9 upper inlet end of supervisor；The temperature Control point 8 is connect with heating control device；The heating control device by temperature control cable successively with sealed crucible cover board 2, tight Gu fixture 5, long coat pipe 14, supervisor 9 and the connection of reducing garment pipe 13 form heating circuit.

Further, the baffle slot 1 is active catch chute, is avoided in liquid feeding end when being extruded for melt unclean Bottom liquid stream enters in pipette B；Flow control is carried out by the degree of filling in of the cone 15 of flow control mechanism at melt outlet end System.

Further, the pipette A is identical with pipette B structure, for melt to be imported earthenware from crucible for smelting stove Crucible standing furnace, outlet end need not carry out flow control；The heating control device of the pipette A and pipette B is pipette Real-time control apparatus, voltage 24V are heated by low-voltage and high-current, electric current is 1000~2000A.

As shown in figure 3, the flow control mechanism includes cone 15, hook A16, lever 17, counterweight 20 and holder 21, institute The holder 21 stated includes bottom plate 38, portal frame and riser, and the lever 17 is jag lever, and 17 jag end of lever passes through hook Counterweight 20 is arranged in A16 connections cone 15, the other end；Lever 17 is mounted on by bloster hinge 18 on riser；The portal frame Upper setting adjusting bolt 19, by being threadably mounted on portal frame, lower end and the lever 17 of adjusting bolt 19 connect adjusting bolt 19 It touches, the gap between cone 15 and the outlets pipette B is adjusted come regulating flow, circular cone by adjusting bolt 19 and counterweight 20 The apex angle of body 15 is 30~45 degree, is highly 30~40mm.

As shown in Fig. 4~Fig. 9, the part flow arrangement includes height and Level tune nut 24, suspension holdfast 22 and slot 23；The suspension holdfast 22 is connect by connecting rod with slot 23 by two cross bars respectively；The height and Level tune spiral shell Mother 24 there are four, be separately mounted to the both ends of two suspension holdfasts 22, highly with the lower end of Level tune nut 24 and electromagnetism knot 31 upper surface of Jie's plate of brilliant device system 47 contacts, and is used for the height and horizontality of regulating tank 23；23 side of the slot setting Multiple tap holes 25；The slot 23 is rectangular channel or circular trough；The material of the slot 23 uses austenite stainless steel material； The tap hole 25 is the circular hole of 15~20mm of Φ or the rectangular opening of H10~15mm × L15~30mm；Tap hole 25 is away from slot 23 Bottom surface edge distance is not less than 5~15mm；23 bottom of slot is flat or lower concave bottom.

As shown in Figure 10, the inner metal sleeve 29 is added by the forging blank machine of 6001,6063,6069 or 6N01 aluminium alloys Work forms, and lateral thickness is 10~25mm, and is machined with reinforcing rib, inner metal sleeve 29 and molten metal contacts by cooling water cavity side Face processing finish reaches 6.4 or more；41 a diameter of 1.0~3.5mm of secondary cooling water apopore of 29 bottom end of inner metal sleeve, and go out The angle of water hole 41 and vertical direction is 20~60 degree, apopore 41 along the circumferential line density of inner metal sleeve 29 for 1~3 hole/ The water outlet of 10mm, apopore 41 are 30~80mm at a distance from 36 half height horizontal plane of magnet exciting coil；The inner metal sleeve 29 top surfaces are machined with twice oil groove 45, and inside top surface angle is machined with the permeability seam 44 being evenly distributed, and permeability stitches 44 width and is 0.1~0.5mm, it is 1~3/10mm that permeability, which stitches 44 density,；

Jie's plate 31 of the electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 is the austenite stainless steel material with good magnetic permeability energy, with 29 junction of inner metal sleeve is machined with seal groove, and bolts assemblies hole is machined with 38 junction of bottom plate；The bottom plate 38 and outer Set 39 is ordinary low-carbon steel or common stainless steel material；The housing 39 is by steel pipe or reel welding manufacture, on housing 39 End is nearby machined with 1~4 gas vent and is equipped with air bleeding valve 32, and 1~2 water inlet pipe 43 is configured in 39 half height of housing, The water inlet of water inlet pipe 43 direction is approximate with 39 surface of housing tangent；It is machined in 90 degree of angles with water inlet pipe 43 on 39 surface of housing Two cable aperture；

The magnet exciting coil 36 is to wind 60~150 circles with insulation flat type copper wire with single direction to form, and insulate flat type copper wire Cross-sectional dimensions are (2~4) × (3~10) mm, and insulation flat copper line insulating layer used is polyimide varnish, and insulation grade anti-corrosion is full The C grades of sufficient national standard, insulating layer breakdown voltage are more than 5000V；36 positioning height of magnet exciting coil is as needed by positioning fixture Adjust, wherein fixed upper plate 34 is a cyclic annular bakelite plate, fixed lower plate 37 be respectively fitted over it is adjustable for height in fastening bolt Rectangle bakelite plate.

Further, the input terminal of the electromagnetic power system 48 is connected with three phase mains through isolating transformer, exports End is connect with the electromagnetism connecting cable 42 of electromagnetic crystallizer system 47；The electromagnetic power system 48 simultaneously with 1~4 electromagnetism Crystallizer system 47 connects.When casting two or two or more simultaneously, the electromagnetism of each electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 is connected Cable 42 is connect with electromagnetic power system 48 again after being connected；

The electromagnetic power system 48 is connect with the magnet exciting coil 36 in electromagnetic crystallizer system 47, in magnet exciting coil 36 Upper application direct current and continuous sawtooth superposition ripple, continuous sawtooth wave or pulse sawtooth wave, to be produced in electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 Raw induction field, and the Lorentz field of force to be formed that interacts with melt make the melt in liquid cave generate the low frequency such as Figure 15 Electromagnetism pulsation concussion convectional circulation, the continuous concussion convectional circulation of such as Figure 16 or the Continuous convective circulation such as Figure 17, and in electromagnetism The liquid level 50 compared with big ripple, the liquid level 54 compared with ripplet and basic calmness is presented on the melt liquid level of crystallizer system 47 respectively Liquid level 56 enters mushy zone 51 by the metal bath handled above is gradually cooling, until solidification ingot casting 52 is formed, solidification casting Ingot, that is, semi-continuous casting ingot blank has the characteristics that fine grain, homogeneous and low casting stress.

The electromagnetic power system 48 realizes the load low-frequency current parameter setting of steady operation ranging from：Frequency f=1 ~50Hz, duty ratio d=1%~90%, current strength I=1~200A.

Further, the specification of the pipette A and pipette B is 2~38mm of outer diameter, 2.5~4mm of wall thickness.

As represented in figures 1 through 14, a kind of casting method of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device, includes the following steps：

A, fusion process

A1, as required component carry out the melting of magnesium alloy in crucible for smelting stove, and it is 720~740 to refine system for the first time It is refined with flux and argon gas at DEG C, is carried out at the same time stirring, refining time 20~30 minutes stands 10~15 points after dragging for bottom ash Clock；Fusing is finished and in the melt liquid relief to crucible standing furnace through first time refining.In crucible for smelting stove and crucible standing furnace Fusing be isolated with flux with refining process and protected.It uses and leads to the pipetting processes of crucible standing furnace from crucible for smelting stove Liquid pump or closing are forced through pipette A and carry out liquid relief, and wherein pipette A carries out temperature control, temperature in elbow arrangement thermocouple 710℃；5 DEG C of temperature fluctuation range；Or it carry out liquid relief with the liquid relief bull ladle that can be hung on crane by hook B57.Liquid relief is hung Packet by band control handle 59 can self-locking stopper regulating mechanism 58, stopper verticality retention bar 60 and backpack body 61 form, can oneself Locked cock stick regulating mechanism 58 is connect by stopper 62 with cone 63.When using liquid relief bull ladle liquid relief, preheated liquid relief bull ladle Be slowly immersed in crucible for smelting stove, when melt liquid level is close to top, pressure can self-locking control handle 59, cone 63 is pressed downward Enter in bull ladle base cone hole, close liquid relief bull ladle, slowly hang in crucible standing furnace later, then upper voltage-controlled handle 59 processed is released and melted Body.Wherein, taper hole and the taper of cone 63 are 15 degree；

A2, second or third time refining treatment are passed through in crucible standing furnace, it is 720~740 DEG C that second, which refines system, It is lower to be refined with flux and argon gas, it is carried out at the same time stirring, refining time 10~15 minutes stands 20 minutes after dragging for bottom ash；The Refining system is to be refined with flux and argon gas at 720~740 DEG C three times, is carried out at the same time stirring, 10 minutes left sides of refining time Bottom ash is dragged on the right side；

A3, after refining, operate except iron in crucible standing furnace.It is carried out first with 1~5 DEG C/min cooling rates Standing is cooled to 630~640 DEG C, is rapidly heated later to 670~730 DEG C with 10~15 DEG C/min heating rates, that is, goes out liquid casting It makes；

A4, by way of sealed crucible standing furnace and pressurization melt from preheated pipette B export；Pass through flow control Mechanism imports melt in part flow arrangement, enters back into electromagnetic crystallizer system 47.The electromagnetic crystallizer system in casting process 47 melt liquid level is all made of N₂+ 1%SF₆Mixed gas carries out insulation blocking.

B, casting process

B1,47 cooling water flow of electromagnetic crystallizer system is regulated as 15~800L/min and closes cooling water；

B2, centering dummy bar head simultaneously regulate it and enter the height of inner metal sleeve 29, and few in the precoating of 29 inner wall of inner metal sleeve Measure lubricating oil；

B3, part flow arrangement is placed in 29 cental axial position of inner metal sleeve and regulates height；Pipette B and flow control mechanism It connects, and the both ends pipette B and heating cable connection and opens power supply and be heated to required temperature；Pipette B heated for controlling temperature Mode is identical as pipette A.

B4, cooling water system and protection gas system are opened；Electromagnetic power system 48 and electromagnetic crystallizer system 47 are carried out Connection, sets low frequency electromagnetic parameter according to ingot blank specification and alloy species and opens electromagnetic field, the parameter includes electromagnetism Frequency, duty ratio and average current intensity.Its optimum condition is：Electromagnetic frequency is in 4~40Hz, duty ratio 10%~50%, Average current intensity is 10~50A；

B5, the compression system and combination pressure and flow control institutional adjustment pressure for opening crucible standing furnace；Wait for electromagnetic crystallizer After melt in system 47 reaches specified altitude, opens semi-continuous casting device and adjust casting speed to 20~260mm/min It is cast, according to the specification size for standby ingot blank of drawing up and alloy species difference, the casting speed point of Round Billet and rectangular ingot blank It is not adjusted by Figure 18 and Figure 19, overall rule is that bigger (i.e. Round Billet diameter D is bigger or rectangle for ingot blank cross sectional dimensions Ingot blank cross-sectional area W × T is bigger), casting speed is lower, and the casting speed of rectangular ingot blank is fast less than the casting of cross-section Round Billet Degree；The oil supply system 26 for being placed in 29 upper end of inner metal sleeve is opened and adjusted in casting process, is connect with molten metal for inner metal sleeve 29 Contacting surface provides lubrication, until casting finishes；

B6, cast blank are through sawing machine scale, and for circle ingot casting through lathe turning, rectangle ingot is finished product behind milling machine milling face.

The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, adding magnesium ingot and aluminium ingot in crucible for smelting stove by AZ31B component requirements, smelting temperature 700 is set DEG C, zinc ingot metal is added until completely melted, is warming up to 720 DEG C, adds MnCl₂, stirred with RJ2 flux and argon gas at 730 DEG C Refining is mixed, refining time 20 minutes stands 15 minutes after dragging for bottom ash；By in pressuring method liquid relief to crucible standing furnace, 740 DEG C second of refining treatment is carried out, refining time 10 minutes after 40 minutes later are cooled to 640 DEG C, is warming up to 700 DEG C in 25 minutes Temperature；Then melt is exported from preheated pipette B by way of sealing and standing stove and pressurization, in N₂+ 1%SF₆Mixing Melt is imported in part flow arrangement by flow control mechanism under gas, is entered back into 330mm electromagnetic crystallizer systems, control casting speed Degree is 60mm/min, water 300L/min, casting temperature 700C, until casting finishes.

By position shown in Figure 20 by side and in take A (edge), C (1/2R) and three samples of E (center portion) to be observed, and root Region division is carried out according to tissue characteristic, and Metallographic Analysis is carried out using IPP image analysis softwares.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 21, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 22.As it can be seen that by outer in ingot blank And the inner apparent cold fine grained region of play, columnar zone, isometric coarse grain zone and the isometric fine grained region for being divided into very thin surface, ingot blank crystallite dimension All very coarse, columnar zone is very wide, and largest grain size reaches 1700m or more, and edge and centre tissue differences are huge.

Embodiment 2

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 15 minutes are carried out at 720 DEG C；Third time refining is being carried out at 730 DEG C again Processing, refining time 10 minutes；

(2) iron removal is：After 35 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 30 minutes 705 DEG C of temperature；

(3) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=4Hz, average current I=20A, duty ratio d= 10%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 23, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 24.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 It compares, is made of the outer and inner apparent cold fine grained region of play, columnar zone and the isometric fine grained region for being divided into very thin surface in ingot blank, column Crystalline region is although all broaden, and isometric coarse grain zone disappears, and the average grain size of each region is substantially reduced, and different parts Crystallite dimension difference be obviously reduced.

Embodiment 3

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 20 minutes are carried out at 730 DEG C；

(2) iron removal is：After 40 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 25 minutes 700 DEG C of temperature；

(3) part flow arrangement section is the rectangular channel of the lower concave bottom of band of 180mm × 120mm；

(4) in the rectangular crystallizer that casting crystallizer is 322mm × 218mm, control casting speed is 52mm/min, water For 400L/min, casting temperature 700C；

(5) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=4Hz, average current I=40A, duty ratio d= 20%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 25, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 26.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 It compares, is made of the outer and inner apparent cold fine grained region of play, columnar zone and the isometric fine grained region for being divided into very thin surface in ingot blank, column Crystalline region narrows, but isometric coarse grain zone disappears, and the average grain size of each region is substantially reduced, and the crystal grain ruler of different parts Very little difference is obviously reduced.

Embodiment 4

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 20 minutes are carried out at 730 DEG C；

(2) iron removal is：After 40 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 25 minutes 700 DEG C of temperature；

(3) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=8Hz, average current I=30A, duty ratio d= 20%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 27, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 28.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 It compares, is made of the outer and inner apparent cold fine grained region of play, columnar zone and the isometric fine grained region for being divided into very thin surface in ingot blank, column Crystalline region narrows, but isometric coarse grain zone disappears, and the average grain size of each region is substantially reduced, and the crystal grain ruler of different parts Very little difference is obviously reduced.

Embodiment 5

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 20 minutes are carried out at 740 DEG C；

(2) iron removal is：After 35 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 25 minutes 700 DEG C of temperature；

(3) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=10Hz, average current I=25A, duty ratio d= 20%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 29, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 30.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 Compare, in ingot blank by it is outer and in have identical partitions, but columnar zone narrows becomes very little with isometric coarse grain zone, and most of is isometric Fine grained region, crystallite dimension therein by it is outer and in be gradually reduced.

Embodiment 6

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 20 minutes are carried out at 740 DEG C；

(2) iron removal is：After 35 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 25 minutes 700 DEG C of temperature；

(3) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=15Hz, average current I=40A, duty ratio d= 40%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 31, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 32.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 It compares, ingot blank crystallite dimension very little, by the outer and inner apparent cold fine grained region of play, columnar zone and the isometric fine grain for being divided into very thin surface District's groups are at columnar zone will disappear and crystal grain is very tiny, and isometric coarse grain zone completely disappears, and the crystallite dimension of different parts Difference very little.

Embodiment 7

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 20 minutes are carried out at 740 DEG C；

(2) iron removal is：After 35 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 25 minutes 700 DEG C of temperature；

(3) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=20Hz, average current I=10A, duty ratio d= 50%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 33, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 34.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 It compares, is not changed by outer and inner subregion in ingot blank, the refinement of crystal grain advantage, but not significantly, the crystallite dimension difference of different parts Busy reduction.

Embodiment 8

With embodiment 1, difference is method：

(1) second of refining treatment, refining time 20 minutes are carried out at 740 DEG C；

(2) iron removal is：After 35 minutes are cooled to 630 DEG C, it is warming up within 25 minutes 700 DEG C of temperature；

(3) apply electromagnetic field in casting process, condition is：Frequency f=40Hz, average current I=50A, duty ratio d= 30%.

Its macrostructure is as shown in figure 35, and the crystallite dimension part of different parts is as shown in figure 36.As it can be seen that with embodiment 1 It compares, ingot blank crystallite dimension very little, by the outer and inner apparent cold fine grained region of play, columnar zone and the isometric fine grain for being divided into very thin surface District's groups are at columnar zone will disappear and crystal grain is very tiny, and isometric coarse grain zone completely disappears, and the crystallite dimension of different parts Difference very little.Thinning effect is approximate with embodiment 6.

The present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, any equivalent concepts in the technical scope of present disclosure or changes Become, is classified as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device, it is characterised in that：Including crucible for smelting stove, crucible standing furnace, flow control mechanism, divide Flow device, electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）And vertical semi-continuous casting machine, the outlet of the crucible for smelting stove is successively by moving Liquid pipe A, crucible standing furnace, pipette B, flow control mechanism, part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）It is connected to vertical semicontinuous Casting machine, the crucible for smelting stove are connect with heating system and compression system, the crucible standing furnace and heating system and Compression system connects, and the pipette A and pipette B are connect with heating control device, the electromagnetic crystallizer system （47）Respectively with electromagnetic power system（48）, cooling water system with protection gas system connect；

The electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）One group of magnet exciting coil is fixed to be built-in（36）Inner metal sleeve crystallizer system, packet Include inner metal sleeve（29）, cooling water cavity, magnet exciting coil（36）, oil supply system（26）, cloth oil system（28）With protection compression ring（27）； The inner metal sleeve（29）For tubular construction, inner metal sleeve（29）Top be flange arrangement, middle and lower part be cylindrical drum or circle Cone cylinder, the downward opening degree of the taper cone barrel are 3 ~ 10 °；The inner metal sleeve（29）With Jie's plate（31）, housing side （33）, bottom plate（38）With water shutoff plate（40）Constitute cooling water cavity；The cooling water cavity is equipped with water inlet pipe（43）；The metal Inner sleeve（29）With Jie's plate（31）Between sealing joint strip is set（30）, inner metal sleeve（29）The apopore of secondary cooling water is arranged in bottom end （41）, in inner metal sleeve（29）Upper edge be equipped with cloth oil system（28）With protection compression ring（27）；The water shutoff plate（40）Installation In inner metal sleeve（29）Bottom end and bottom plate（38）Below seam；The magnet exciting coil（36）It is fixed on cooling by positioning fixture In water cavity and it is immersed in cooling water；The positioning fixture includes fixed upper plate（34）, fixing bolt（35）With fixed lower plate （37）, the magnet exciting coil（36）It is fixed on fixed upper plate（34）With fixed lower plate（37）Between, by being located at housing side （33）Electromagnetism connecting cable（42）It is connect with high power low-frequency power supply；In housing side（33）Nearby air bleeding valve is arranged in upper surface （32）；The cloth oil system（28）By 2 oil grooves（45）, permeability seam（44）With oil cap plate（46）It constitutes, 2 oil grooves （45）With oil cap plate（46）2 accumulators are constituted together, are stitched by several permeabilitys between accumulator（44）Connection, the cloth oil system System（28）With oil supply system（26）It communicates；The protection compression ring（27）It is equipped with the inlet and outlet of protection gas；

Crucible used in the crucible for smelting stove and crucible standing furnace is no nickel cast steel crucible, and loaded volume is 0.8 ~ 3t, is used Resistance heating body heats or uses heated by natural gas；

The pipette B is outsourcing alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton（10）Glass tape is used in combination（11）The inverted U stainless steel tube of winding； The pipette B includes supervisor（9）, long coat pipe（14）With reducing garment pipe（13）, the liquid feeding end setting of the pipette B Long coat pipe（14）, long coat pipe（14）Lower end welded near pipette B input ends, long coat pipe（14）Upper end setting Connecting flange（7）, connecting flange（7）With sealed crucible cover board（2）The flanged joint at center, connecting flange（7）With sealed crucible Cover board（2）Sealed graphite packing is filled between the flange at center（6）, and pass through fastening clamp apparatus（5）Pressurization；Pipette B's Reducing garment pipe is arranged in outlet end（13）, reducing garment pipe（13）Lower end welded near the outlet ends pipette B；The pipette Supporting rack is arranged close to outlet end in B（12）, the supporting rack（12）With height adjusting function；The pipette B into Baffle slot is arranged in liquid end（1）；The sealed crucible cover board（2）Upper setting connection electrode（4）, the supervisor（9）Upper inlet Temperature control point is arranged in knee near end（8）；The temperature control point（8）It is connect with heating control device；The heating control Device by temperature control cable successively with sealed crucible cover board（2）, fastening clamp apparatus（5）, long coat pipe（14）, supervisor（9）Outside short Casing（13）Connection forms heating circuit.

2. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The baffle slot（1）For Active catch chute avoids unclean bottom liquid stream from entering in pipette B when being extruded for melt in liquid feeding end；In melt outlet The cone that end passes through flow control mechanism（15）Fill in degree carry out flow control.

3. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pipette A and shifting Liquid pipe B structure is identical, and for melt to be imported crucible standing furnace from crucible for smelting stove, outlet end need not carry out flow control；Institute The heating control device of the pipette A and pipette B that state are that pipette heats real-time control apparatus by low-voltage and high-current, Voltage is 24V, and electric current is 1000 ~ 2000A.

4. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flow control mechanism includes Cone（15）, hook A（16）, lever（17）, counterweight（20）And holder（21）, the holder（21）Including bottom plate（38）、 Portal frame and riser, the lever（17）For jag lever, lever（17）Jag end is by linking up with A（16）Connect cone （15）, the other end be arranged counterweight（20）；Lever（17）Pass through bloster hinge（18）On riser；It is arranged on the portal frame Adjusting bolt（19）, adjusting bolt（19）By being threadably mounted on portal frame, adjusting bolt（19）Lower end and lever（17） Contact, passes through adjusting bolt（19）With counterweight（20）To adjust cone（15）Gap between the outlet pipette B regulates and controls Flow, cone（15）Apex angle be 30 ~ 45 degree, be highly 30 ~ 40mm.

5. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The part flow arrangement includes Height and Level tune nut（24）, suspension holdfast（22）And slot（23）；The suspension holdfast（22）Respectively by two cross bars Pass through connecting rod and slot（23）Connection；The height and Level tune nut（24）There are four, it is separately mounted to two suspensions Holder（22）Both ends, highly with Level tune nut（24）Lower end and electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）Jie's plate（31）Upper table Face contacts, and is used for regulating tank（23）Height and horizontality；The slot（23）Multiple tap holes are arranged in side（25）；It is described Slot（23）For rectangular channel or circular trough；The slot（23）Material use austenite stainless steel material；The tap hole （25）For the rectangular opening of circular hole or H10 ~ 15mm × L15 ~ 30mm of 15 ~ 20mm of Φ；Tap hole（25）Away from slot（23）Bottom surface edge Distance is not less than 5 ~ 15mm；Slot（23）Bottom is flat or lower concave bottom.

6. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inner metal sleeve（29） It is machined by the forging blank of 6001,6063,6069 or 6N01 aluminium alloys, lateral thickness is 10 ~ 25mm, and leans on cooling water Chamber side is machined with reinforcing rib, inner metal sleeve（29）Reach 6.4 or more with molten metal contacts face processing finish；Inner metal sleeve （29）The secondary cooling water apopore of bottom end（41）A diameter of 1.0 ~ 3.5mm, and apopore（41）Angle with vertical direction is 20 ~ 60 Degree, apopore（41）Along inner metal sleeve（29）Circumferential line density is 1 ~ 3 hole/10mm, apopore（41）Water outlet and excitation Coil（36）The distance of half height horizontal plane is 30 ~ 80mm；The inner metal sleeve（29）Top surface is machined with twice oil groove （45）, inside top surface angle is machined with the permeability seam being evenly distributed（44）, permeability seam（44）Width is 0.1 ~ 0.5mm, permeability seam （44）Density is 1 ~ 3/10mm；

The electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）Jie's plate（31）For with good magnetic permeability can austenite stainless steel material, with Inner metal sleeve（29）Junction is machined with seal groove, with bottom plate（38）Junction is machined with bolts assemblies hole；The bottom plate （38）And housing（39）For ordinary low-carbon steel or common stainless steel material；The housing（39）By steel pipe or reel welding system It makes, in housing（39）Upper end is nearby machined with 1 ~ 4 gas vent and is equipped with air bleeding valve（32）, in housing（39）Half height is matched Set 1 ~ 2 water inlet pipe（43）, water inlet pipe（43）Water inlet direction and housing（39）Surface approximation is tangent；In housing（39）Surface with it is every A water inlet pipe（43）In 90 degree of angle processing, there are two cable aperture；

The magnet exciting coil（36）It is to wind 60 ~ 150 circles with insulation flat type copper wire with single direction to form, insulation flat type copper wire is transversal Face specification is (2 ~ 4) × (3 ~ 10) mm, and insulation flat copper line insulating layer used is polyimide varnish, and insulation grade anti-corrosion meets state The C grades of family's standard, insulating layer breakdown voltage are more than 5000V；Magnet exciting coil（36）Positioning height is as needed by positioning fixture tune Section, wherein fixed upper plate（34）For a cyclic annular bakelite plate, fixed lower plate（37）It is adjustable for the height that is respectively fitted in fastening bolt Rectangle bakelite plate.

7. a kind of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The electromagnetic power system （48）Input terminal be connected with three phase mains through isolating transformer, output end and electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）Electromagnetism connection electricity Cable（42）Connection；The electromagnetic power system（48）Simultaneously with 1 ~ 4 electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）Connection；It is cast when simultaneously At two or two or more, each electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）Electromagnetism connecting cable（42）After being connected again with electricity Magnetic power-supply system（48）Connection；

The electromagnetic power system（48）With electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）In magnet exciting coil（36）Connection, in magnet exciting coil （36）Upper application direct current and continuous sawtooth superposition ripple, continuous sawtooth wave or pulse sawtooth wave, in electromagnetic crystallizer system （47）Middle generation induction field, and the Lorentz field of force to be formed that interacts with melt make the melt in liquid cave generate low frequency Electromagnetism pulsation concussion convectional circulation continuously shakes convectional circulation or Continuous convective circulation, and in electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）'s The liquid level compared with big ripple, the liquid level compared with ripplet and basic tranquil liquid level is presented on melt liquid level respectively, by handling above Metal bath it is gradually cooling enter mushy zone, until forming solidification ingot casting, which has The characteristics of fine grain, homogeneous and low casting stress；

The electromagnetic power system（48）Realize the load low-frequency current parameter setting of steady operation ranging from：Frequency f=1 ~ 50Hz, duty ratio d=1% ~ 90%, current strength I=1 ~ 200A.

8. a kind of casting method of electromagnetism semi-continuous casting device, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：

A, fusion process

A1, as required component carry out the melting of magnesium alloy in crucible for smelting stove, and it is to be used at 720 ~ 740 DEG C to refine system for the first time Flux and argon gas are refined, and stirring is carried out at the same time, and refining time 20 ~ 30 minutes stands 10 ~ 15 minutes after dragging for bottom ash；It will melt Change and finishes and in the melt liquid relief to crucible standing furnace through first time refining；Crucible for smelting stove and crucible standing furnace fusing with Refining process is protected with flux isolation；Liquid guiding pump or envelope are used from crucible for smelting stove to the pipetting processes of crucible standing furnace It closes and is forced through pipette A progress liquid reliefs, wherein pipette A carries out temperature control, 710 DEG C of temperature in elbow arrangement thermocouple；Temperature Spend 5 DEG C of fluctuation range；Or with can pass through link up with B（57）The liquid relief bull ladle hung on crane carries out liquid relief；Liquid relief bull ladle is by band Control handle（59）Can self-locking stopper regulating mechanism（58）, stopper verticality retention bar（60）And backpack body（61）Composition, can Self-locking stopper regulating mechanism（58）Pass through stopper（62）With cone（63）Connection；When using liquid relief bull ladle liquid relief, preheated Liquid relief bull ladle is slowly immersed in crucible for smelting stove, when melt liquid level is close to top, pressure can self-locking control handle（59）, cone Body（63）It presses downward in bull ladle base cone hole, closes liquid relief bull ladle, slowly hang in crucible standing furnace later, then upper voltage-controlled hand processed Handle（59）Release melt；Wherein, taper hole and cone（63）Taper be 15 degree；

A2, in crucible standing furnace through second or third time refining treatment, the system that refines for second is at 720 ~ 740 DEG C with molten Agent and argon gas are refined, and stirring is carried out at the same time, and refining time 10 ~ 15 minutes stands 20 minutes after dragging for bottom ash；Third time refines System is to be refined with flux and argon gas at 720 ~ 740 DEG C, is carried out at the same time stirring, and refining time 10 minutes or so drags for bottom ash；

A3, after refining, operate except iron in crucible standing furnace；It is stood first with 1 ~ 5 DEG C/min cooling rates 630 ~ 640 DEG C are cooled to, is rapidly heated later to 670 ~ 730 DEG C with 10 ~ 15 DEG C/min heating rates, that is, goes out liquid casting；

A4, by way of sealed crucible standing furnace and pressurization melt from preheated pipette B export；Pass through flow control mechanism Melt is imported in part flow arrangement, electromagnetic crystallizer system is entered back into（47）In；The electromagnetic crystallizer system in casting process （47）Melt liquid level be all made of N₂+1%SF₆Mixed gas carries out insulation blocking；

B, casting process

B1, electromagnetic crystallizer system is regulated（47）Cooling water flow is 15 ~ 800L/min and closes cooling water；

B2, centering dummy bar head simultaneously regulate it into inner metal sleeve（29）Height, and in inner metal sleeve（29）Inner wall precoating is few Measure lubricating oil；

B3, part flow arrangement is placed in inner metal sleeve（29）Cental axial position simultaneously regulates height；Pipette B and flow control mechanism are connected It connects, and the both ends pipette B and heating cable connection and opens power supply and be heated to required temperature；The heated for controlling temperature sides pipette B Formula is identical as pipette A；

B4, cooling water system and protection gas system are opened；Electromagnetic power system（48）With electromagnetic crystallizer system（47）It carries out Connection, sets low frequency electromagnetic parameter according to ingot blank specification and alloy species and opens electromagnetic field, the parameter includes electromagnetism Frequency, duty ratio and average current intensity；Its optimum condition is：For electromagnetic frequency in 4 ~ 40Hz, duty ratio 10% ~ 50% is average Current strength is 10 ~ 50A；

B5, the compression system and combination pressure and flow control institutional adjustment pressure for opening crucible standing furnace；Wait for electromagnetic crystallizer system （47）In melt reach specified altitude after, open semi-continuous casting device simultaneously adjust casting speed to 20 ~ 260mm/min carry out Casting, according to the specification size for standby ingot blank of drawing up and alloy species difference, to the casting speed of Round Billet and rectangular ingot blankVIt carries out It adjusts, total rule is that ingot blank cross sectional dimensions is bigger, and casting speed is lower, and the casting speed of rectangular ingot blank is less than cross-section The casting speed of Round Billet；It opens and adjusts in casting process and be placed in inner metal sleeve（29）The oil supply system of upper end（26）, for gold Belong to inner sleeve（29）Lubrication is provided with molten metal contacts face, until casting finishes；

B6, cast blank are through sawing machine scale, and for circle ingot casting through lathe turning, rectangle ingot is finished product behind milling machine milling face.