CN214150283U - Device for researching influence of soil food net on litter decomposition process - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for researching the influence of a soil food net on the litter decomposition process, which comprises an outer layer isolation cover, an inner layer decomposition cage and a central support rod which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside; the outer isolation cover and the inner decomposition cage are both of net cage structures with frameworks; the bottom of the central support rod is provided with a radial support frame for placing the outer-layer isolation cover and the inner-layer decomposition cage, the top of the central support rod is provided with a conical support frame with a net, and the outer edges of the central support rod and the radial support frame are provided with fixing rods extending downwards. The utility model discloses a thing decomposition device that withers and falls adopts spatial structure, and hydrothermal condition is more close the nature, does not destroy thing surperficial biology and habitat that withers and fall, and the decomposition situation of thing that withers and fall in the actual habitat of reflection that can be more real does not have the loss of a large amount of thing that withers and fall yet, can place the field for a long time and observe, can also add different soil animal bait needles in decomposing the cage, monitors the effect of different soil biology class crowd.

Description

Device for researching influence of soil food net on litter decomposition process

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a research technical field is decomposed to the thing that withers and falls, concretely relates to research soil food net is to device of thing decomposition process influence that withers and falls.

Background

The litter decomposition has an important role in the forest ecosystem and is the power for the material circulation of the forest ecosystem. The understanding of litter decomposition and its dynamic process has important ecological significance. The decomposition rate of the litters and the nutrient change in the decomposition process can reflect the dynamic conditions of material circulation and energy flow of the forest ecosystem. Therefore, accurate assessment of litter decomposition rate and monitoring of nutrient dynamics are very important.

At present, the most common method for researching the decomposition of litters on the surface of a forest is a litters decomposition bag method. The litter decomposition bag is a rectangular and flat nylon mesh bag with different specifications, and is formed by sewing decomposition-resistant nylon meshes with meshes of different sizes according to requirements. The method comprises the steps of putting litters into bags, tightening bag openings, then placing the bags on the surface of forest soil, periodically recovering, sampling and measuring, and calculating the decomposition rate of the litters and the change of nutrient content.

The litter decomposition bag method device is simple to manufacture and easy to operate, but has obvious limitation. Firstly, the litters are relatively flat, litters are arranged in the litters and tightly attached to the net bags, the net bags are tightly attached to the ground, water films, organisms and soil crusts are easily formed at meshes, the hydrothermal microenvironment is changed, and the decomposition of the litters is influenced; secondly, the litters placed in the litters are generally collected from the field and then dried in the air or dried, surface organisms and habitats are damaged, and the decomposition rate data of the litters obtained through research is different from the actual decomposition rate of the field habitats to a certain extent; thirdly, the mixing of the litter decomposition process and soil influences the accurate determination of litter decomposition.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a research soil food net is to device that thing decomposition process influences withers and falls, the decomposition situation of thing that withers and falls in the actual habitat of reflection that can be more true.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

a device for researching influence of a soil food net on a litter decomposition process comprises an outer layer isolation cover, an inner layer decomposition cage and a central support rod which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the outer isolation cover and the inner decomposition cage are both of net cage structures with frameworks; the bottom of the central support rod is provided with a radial support frame for placing the outer-layer isolation cover and the inner-layer decomposition cage, the top of the central support rod is provided with a conical support frame with a net, and the outer edges of the central support rod and the radial support frame are provided with fixing rods extending downwards.

As an improvement of the utility model, for the measurement of the volume of withering and falling material of realization and earth mixing portion, the device bottom still is equipped with the porous ceramic plate that can directly arrange soil surface in, big-end-up's round hole on the porous ceramic plate equipartition.

As an improvement of the utility model, for realizing the multifactor decomposition experimental study, the inlayer decomposes the cage and is a plurality of, establishes in proper order between outer cage and the central support pole from big to little.

Further, the meshes of the side wall of the outer layer isolation cover and the inner layer decomposition cage are sequentially reduced from outside to inside. The mesh design purpose of different apertures is to let soil animals and microorganisms of different body sizes enter different decomposition cages for decomposition, and the effects and contributions of different organisms are distinguished.

Preferably, the diameter or length and width of the inner decomposition cage ranges from 5cm to 50cm, and the height ranges from 5cm to 50 cm.

Preferably, the shapes of the outer layer isolation cover and the inner layer decomposition cage comprise a cylinder, a cuboid or a cube.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model discloses a thing decomposition device that withers and falls adopts spatial structure, and hydrothermal condition is more close the nature, does not destroy thing surperficial biology and habitat that withers and fall, and the decomposition situation of thing that withers and fall in the actual habitat of reflection that can be more real does not have the loss of a large amount of thing that withers and fall yet, can place the field for a long time and observe, can also add different soil animal bait needles in decomposing the cage, monitors the effect of different soil biology class crowd. The utility model discloses a thing decomposition device that withers and falls can also be used to habitat such as grassland, farmland.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the litter decomposition device of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of the litter decomposition device of the present invention in use;

fig. 3 is a front view showing a litter fragmenting device according to the present invention in a state of use, in which a porous ceramic plate is shown in a sectional view;

description of reference numerals: 1-an isolation cover; 2-decomposing the cage I; 3-decomposing cage II; 4-a central support bar; 5-radial support frame, 6-conical support frame; 7-fixing the rod; 8-porous ceramic plate; 9-litter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

The device for researching the influence of the soil food net on the litter decomposition process adopts a three-dimensional double-layer or multi-layer design, and the double-layer design comprises an outer-layer isolation cover, an inner-layer decomposition cage and a central support rod from outside to inside; the multilayer design comprises an outer layer of isolation cover, a plurality of decomposition cages with different apertures and a central support rod from outside to inside. The upper part of the device is a cone or a quadrangular pyramid, and is covered with a nylon net which is resistant to decomposition, and the nylon net is closed at the upper part and can be opened. The middle part of the device is a radial support framework, and the outer layer isolation cover and the inner layer decomposition cage are both arranged on the radial support frame. The outer cage and the inner decomposition cage are cylinders, cuboids or cubes with plastic frameworks, the periphery of the outer cage is covered with decomposition-resistant nylon nets, and the upper parts of the nylon nets are provided with tightening closing-up ports. The bottom of the device is provided with a porous ceramic plate which can be separated from the device, and round holes with small upper parts and large lower parts are distributed on the porous ceramic plate, and the porous ceramic plate is directly arranged on the surface of soil when in use.

The double-layer litter decomposing device is used for decomposing research on common litter or is used for litter decomposing experiments with single factors. Dividing the litters in the natural state collected by the litters net into two parts, and taking one part back to the laboratory for weighing and drying for conversion; after some field weighing, the inner layer decomposition cage is directly placed, the support rods of the decomposition device are inserted into soil, the field ground surface habitat is placed, and ground surface litter decomposition experimental research is carried out.

Multilayer litter decomposition device can be used to study multifactor decomposition experiment, and the nylon net design objective in different apertures lets different size of a body soil animal and microorganism pass through the nylon net and get into different decomposition cages and decompose, distinguishes different biological effect and contribution. The small meshes can prevent large and medium soil animals and other insects from entering, and are used for researching the effect of protozoa, fungi and bacteria on litter decomposition; the medium-mesh can pass through small animals, and the large-mesh can study the decomposition of litters in the field natural habitat. The porous ceramic plate is used for measuring the litter amount of the part mixed with the soil, can be directly taken back to a laboratory to be placed into a muffle furnace for combustion, and can accurately calculate the litter amount by measuring the ash amount. The porous ceramic plate does not influence the contact between the litters and the ground, and the loss amount of the litters can be accurately measured.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the device for studying the influence of the soil food net on the litter decomposition process of the embodiment adopts a three-layer design, and comprises a separation cover 1, a first decomposition cage 2, a second decomposition cage 3, a central support rod 4 and a porous ceramic plate 8 which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside. The bottom of the central support rod 4 is provided with a radial support frame 5, and the top is provided with a conical support frame 6. The isolation cover 1, the first decomposition cage 2 and the second decomposition cage 3 are cylinders of nylon nets and plastic frameworks and are placed on the radial support frame 5. The conical support frame 6 is covered with a nylon mesh which is resistant to decomposition. The outer edges of the central support rod 4 and the radial support frames 5 are provided with fixing rods 7 which extend downwards and are used for being inserted into soil. The porous ceramic plate 8 is located at the bottom of the device, and is directly arranged on the surface of soil, round holes with a small upper part and a big lower part are uniformly distributed on the porous ceramic plate, the round holes are spherical holes, and the fixing rod 7 can penetrate through the round holes on the porous ceramic plate 8 and be inserted into the soil.

In this embodiment, cage 1, decomposition cage 2, the two 3 upper portions of decomposition cage and lower part mesh aperture are 1.5mm, and 1 face of cylinder mesh aperture of cage is 8mm, and 2 face of cylinder mesh apertures of decomposition cage are 4mm for the decomposition of simulation nature state thing that withers and falls, and two 3 face of cylinder mesh apertures of decomposition cage are 1.5mm for distinguish the effect of small-size soil animal and microorganism to the thing decomposition that withers and falls. The diameter of the isolation cover 1 is 20cm, the diameter of the first decomposition cage 2 is 14cm, and the diameter of the second decomposition cage 3 is 10 cm. The area of the first decomposition cage 2 is about 310cm²The area of the second decomposition cage 3 is about 314cm²Within a difference of not more than 5cm². The height of the central support rod 4 is 15cm, and the heights of the isolation cover 1, the decomposition cage I2 and the decomposition cage II 3 are 10 cm. The lower fixing rod 7 is 5 cm. The upper aperture of the porous ceramic plate 8 at the bottom is 1mm, and the lower aperture is 4 mm. The porous ceramic plate 8 is first placed on the surface of the earth and then the fixing rods 7 are inserted into the soil with the bottom of the device flush with the ground. And (3) placing 40g of the litters in a natural state in each decomposition cage, and taking another part of the leaves to be taken back to a laboratory for analysis and weighing for mass conversion. And (3) totally placing 35 decomposing devices, sampling 5 devices per month for analysis and test, and calculating the decomposition rate and the nutrient content of the litters.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a research soil food net is to device of thing decomposition process influence that withers and falls which characterized in that: comprises an outer layer isolation cover, an inner layer decomposition cage and a central support rod which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside; the outer isolation cover and the inner decomposition cage are both of net cage structures with frameworks; the bottom of the central support rod is provided with a radial support frame for placing the outer-layer isolation cover and the inner-layer decomposition cage, the top of the central support rod is provided with a conical support frame with a net, and the outer edges of the central support rod and the radial support frame are provided with fixing rods extending downwards.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is used for researching the influence of a soil food net on the litter decomposition process, and comprises: the bottom of the device is also provided with a porous ceramic plate which can be directly arranged on the surface of soil, and round holes with small top and big bottom are uniformly distributed on the porous ceramic plate.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is used for researching the influence of a soil food net on the litter decomposition process, and comprises: the inner layer decomposition cages are a plurality of and are sequentially sleeved between the outer layer isolation cover and the central support rod from large to small.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the device is used for researching the influence of a soil food net on the litter decomposition process, and comprises: the outer layer isolation cover and the inner layer decomposition cage are sequentially reduced in size from outside to inside.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is used for researching the influence of a soil food net on the litter decomposition process, and comprises: the diameter or length and width of the inner layer decomposition cage is 5-50cm, and the height is 5-50 cm.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is used for researching the influence of a soil food net on the litter decomposition process, and comprises: the shapes of the outer layer isolation cover and the inner layer decomposition cage comprise a cylinder, a cuboid or a cube.

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