CN213842654U - Railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device - Google Patents
Railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading attachment, this experimental apparatus include bearing structure, vertical loading structure, horizontal loading structure, twist reverse loading structure, loading actuator, control system, side bearer test piece, portal frame and workstation. The utility model discloses structural operation is simple and convenient, can the stress condition of the side bearer test piece on the actual circuit of true simulation, and coordinated loading, spacing settlement have guaranteed that the test loading is accurate, the result is reliable, ensure to in time discover structure and technological defect to the accurate evaluation of test piece fatigue life. Furthermore the utility model is suitable for a rice gauge only needs to change a small number of load plates to the side bearer fatigue test loading of the different specifications of wide rail can accomplish the experiment. And only the test piece and the loading device need to be replaced for the test piece with the same specification, so that the operation is convenient, the test cost is saved, and the test efficiency is improved. The application effect is good in the actual test process.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the vehicle engineering field relates to the research of vehicle spare part detection technique, specifically is a railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device.
Background
The railway truck side frame is an important component of a railway truck bogie, and the quality of the railway truck side frame influences the running safety of a truck, so that the railway truck side frame fatigue life detection is particularly important.
At present, in the fatigue test of the side frame of the railway freight car in China, the fatigue test is carried out according to TB/T1959-2006 railway freight car bolster, side frame static load and fatigue test, the total loading of three parts, namely a vertical load, a torsional load and a transverse load, usually a mode of coordinately loading three actuators is adopted, because the frequency requirement of the fatigue test load is met, the side frame fatigue test adopts a supporting mode that an annular block replaces a spring, and the three-direction loading is required to be free of interference in the test process, so that the three-direction load decoupling is required; the side frame tool supporting structure is complex, four parts are combined in a fatigue test, assembly and disassembly are frequent, alignment and positioning are required in the process, and the tool which is easy to disassemble and assemble is designed, so that the personnel consumption can be reduced, the time cost can be reduced, and the economic benefit of an enterprise can be increased; and the railway freight car side frame models are numerous, but the shapes are the same and different, so a side frame tool which is universal and easy to assemble and disassemble needs to be researched, and the fatigue test can be completed only by changing a few supporting or loading tools.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the above-mentioned problem, provide a railway freight car side bearer test loading device for railway freight car side bearer fatigue test, this test device both can guarantee experimental safe easy operation, can guarantee accurate loading again, ensures experimental quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading attachment, this experimental loading attachment mainly include workstation, control system, support base, portal frame and actuator. The actuators comprise a vertical loading actuator, a transverse loading actuator and a torsional loading actuator.
Vertical loading actuators are hung in the middle of the portal frame, and supporting bases are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the portal frame. The support base is provided with a sliding hinged support, and the support base is connected with the side frame test piece through the sliding hinged support. The vertical loading actuator is loaded on the vertical loading seat, the upper cover plate of the vertical loading seat is symmetrically provided with the strip grooves, and the vertical loading seat penetrates through the loading cross beam and is horizontally placed in the strip grooves, so that the positioning and accurate loading are facilitated. The vertical loading seat is horizontally placed on the annular block, and the size of the annular block is determined according to the size of the side frame test piece, so that the vertical loading seat is consistent with the actual stressed area. The transverse loading actuator is installed and acts on the loading beam, and bidirectional loading is realized through the clamping plate and the wedge oblique sliding adjusting device. The support reaction seat is arranged on one side of the support base, the torsion loading actuator is fixed on the support reaction seat, and a longitudinal torsion load is transmitted through the loading cross beam and the loading plate. The loading plate is provided with a long waist hole, the loading position is adjusted to test side frame test pieces with different sizes, the acting surface of the test loading device and the side frame test piece is adjusted by adopting a sliding wedge, and the load can be uniformly acted on the side frame test piece by adopting minimum interference fit.
The utility model discloses a hydraulic servo system control actuator can realize vertical, horizontal and torsion load's coordinated loading control, carries out spacing setting in control system, avoids because the destruction that special case scram caused, has designed bottom sprag adjusting device, can satisfy the side bearer experiment of different wheel base different models, and need not every dismouting alignment location, and hoist and mount are convenient, have saved the manpower and have improved work efficiency; a sliding hinged support is designed to ensure that the load is uniformly acted on a test piece, and the phenomenon of overlarge local stress caused by coordinated loading is avoided; the design of the wheel axle connecting plate adjusting device and the twisting pre-tightening wedge-inclined structure can meet the test requirements of side frames of different models only by replacing a few connecting plates, and the tool is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
To sum up, the utility model discloses structural operation is simple and convenient, can the stress condition of the side bearer test piece on the actual circuit of true simulation, and coordinated loading, spacing settlement have guaranteed that experimental loading is accurate, the result is reliable, ensure to in time discover structure and technological defect to the accurate evaluation of test piece fatigue life. Furthermore the utility model is suitable for a rice gauge only needs to change a small number of load plates to the side bearer fatigue test loading of the different specifications of wide rail can accomplish the experiment. And only the test piece and the loading device need to be replaced for the test piece with the same specification, so that the operation is convenient, the test cost is saved, and the test efficiency is improved. The application effect is good in the actual test process.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the supporting base of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an isometric view of the loading base of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a longitudinal view of the loading base of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
the test bed comprises a support base 1, a wheel base adjusting plate 2, a bearing support base 3, a false shaft 4, a simulated bearing saddle transverse clamping plate 5, a transverse clamping adjusting device 6, a simulated bearing saddle vertical support base 7, an annular block 8, a loading base 9, a loading cross beam 10, a vertical loading base 11, a torsional clamping adjusting plate 12, a transverse clamping upright I13, a transverse clamping upright II14, a transverse cushion block 15, a transverse adjusting wedge 16, an adjusting screw 17, a vertical loading actuator 18, a transverse loading actuator 19, a torsional loading actuator 20, a workbench 21, a portal frame 22, a side frame 23 and a reaction base 24.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1-2, the utility model provides a railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device, this experimental apparatus include bearing structure, vertical loading structure, horizontal loading structure, twist reverse loading structure, loading actuator, control system, side bearer test piece 23, portal frame 22 and workstation 21.
The supporting structure comprises a supporting base 1, a wheel base adjusting plate 2, a shaft supporting seat 3, a false shaft 4, a simulation bearing saddle transverse clamping plate 5, a transverse clamping adjusting device 6, a simulation bearing saddle vertical supporting seat 7, a workbench 21 and a portal frame 22. Be equipped with portal frame 22 on workstation 21, connect on workstation 21 through bolt-up, set up two support bases 1 with portal frame 22's vertical direction bilateral symmetry, support base 1 and pass through bolt-up and connect on workstation 21, two support bases 1 link to each other through wheel base regulating plate 2, can ensure to support the base on same water flat line, same model side bearer needn't aim at every turn and can install, different model side bearers only need adjust bottom longitudinal distance and can install, installation time has been saved and convenient hoist and mount. The shaft supporting seat 3 is fastened on the supporting base 1 through bolts, the shaft supporting seat 3 adopts a sliding hinged support, the radius of a circular groove of the hinged support is phi 42mm, the radius of the dummy shaft 4 is phi 40mm, and the dummy shaft 4 can roll left and right in the shaft supporting seat 3, so that the vertical loading stress is uniform, and the local locking phenomenon is avoided. The simulation bearing saddle transverse clamping plate 5 is placed above the dummy shaft, the radius of the simulation bearing saddle transverse clamping plate 5 is the same as that of the dummy shaft 4, the size of the simulation bearing saddle transverse clamping plate is determined according to side frame test pieces 23 of different specifications, the transverse clamping adjusting device 6 is fixed on the inner edges of the dummy shaft 4 and the simulation bearing saddle vertical supporting seat 7, and the simulation bearing saddle transverse clamping plate 5 clamps the side frame test pieces 23 to support the upright posts in a bolt screwing mode through threaded holes. The supporting structure effectively guarantees transverse fixed support and vertical uniform loading, and can realize coordinated loading of side frames of different models only by adjusting the axle distance adjusting plate 2 and changing the overall dimensions of the horizontal clamping plate 5 of the simulated bearing saddle and the vertical supporting seat 7 of the simulated bearing saddle.
The vertical loading structure of the test device comprises the following structures: the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the annular block 8 are designed according to the size of a spring adopted in the actual use of the side frame test piece 23, so that the sufficient contact with the side frame test piece 23 is guaranteed, and the loading position is accurate. The loading base 9 is horizontally placed on the annular block 8, two sides of the loading base are in symmetrical structures on the lateral central plane of the side frame, the loading cross beam 10 is horizontally placed on the loading base 9, a vertical loading sleeve hole of the loading cross beam 10 is aligned with two square grooves in the upper portion of the loading base 9, the vertical loading base 11 penetrates through the loading cross beam 10 and stands on the two square grooves of the loading base, the square grooves are symmetrical to the lateral central plane of the side frame, and vertical loading is guaranteed to be uniformly applied to the contact surface of the side frame test piece 23 and the annular block 8.
The transverse loading structure of the test device is that a transverse loading actuator 19 transfers load to a side frame test piece 23 through a loading cross beam 10, the inclined surfaces of transverse adjusting wedges 16 are in contact with the inclined surface of the loading cross beam 10 to slide relatively, the horizontal plane is in contact with a transverse cushion block 15, the two adjusting wedges are provided with through holes with the diameter of phi 30mm, and an adjusting screw 17 of M18 is used for transversely penetrating through the through holes of the two transverse adjusting wedges 16; two ends of the transverse adjusting wedge 16 are fastened by adopting a nut fixing mode, so that transverse cushion blocks are clamped to enable a transverse clamping upright post I13 and a transverse clamping upright post II14 to be clamped on two sides of a middle upright post of the side frame specimen 23, the specific sizes of the transverse clamping upright post I13 and the transverse clamping upright post II14 are designed according to the positions of the upright posts on two sides of the side frame specimen 23 away from a transverse central plane, and the transverse loading structure is provided with an adjusting wedge 16 device, so that transverse loading of side frames of different models can be completed by only changing the size of the transverse clamping upright post.
The torsion loading structure of the test device consists of a support reaction base 24, a torsion loading actuator 20, a loading cross beam 10 and a torsion clamping adjusting plate 12. The torsional loading actuator 20 is secured to the reaction mount 24 and transmits a longitudinal torsional load through the load beam 10. The joint of the torsion loading plate of the loading beam 10 and the torsion loading actuator 20 adopts a long waist hole design, the torsion load is realized by applying a certain longitudinal load at a distance d from the center line of the inner side of the side frame, d is half of the center distance of a journal of the bogie, and the long waist hole is adopted to ensure that the loading position of the actuator can be transversely adjusted so as to meet the requirements of different bogie sizes. The torsion clamping adjusting plate 12 is two wedge plates, a phi 16mm through hole is formed in the center of the top plane, the two adjusting plate wedge surfaces are clamped in a sliding mode, installation and disassembly are convenient, the through holes are adjusted and fastened by M12 long bolts, so that the torsion clamping adjusting plate 12 is in small interference connection with the upright post surface of the side frame test piece 23, and torsion loads are guaranteed to be evenly transmitted to the upright post surface of the side frame test piece 23.
When the loading device is used, the distance of the supporting base 1 is adjusted through the wheel base adjusting plate 2 according to the size of the wheel base of the side frame test piece 23, the side frame test piece 23 is horizontally placed on the supporting base 1 through the supporting structure, the vertical, transverse and torsional loading structures are assembled, the mounting position of the transverse loading actuator 19 is adjusted according to the transverse loading height, and the mounting position of the torsional loading actuator 20 is adjusted according to the center distance of the steering frame shaft neck. And the device simple operation only needs the connection of dismouting loading device and side bearer test piece 23 at every turn, need not to change bearing structure and can realize the dismouting of the side bearer of the same model, and to the side bearer of different models, the dismouting of bottom sprag structure only needs adjustment wheel base regulating plate 2 to change support base 1 distance, need not to carry out horizontal alignment, and manpower and activity duration have been saved greatly in this design, are favorable to enterprise economic benefits. During testing, the load frequency is not more than 7Hz, the load can be slowly and uniformly applied to the side frame test piece 23, the limit values of the test load and the displacement value of the control system are set in the testing process, and the side frame test piece 23 can be prevented from being damaged due to power failure or out-of-control test equipment due to overlarge feedback caused by control of the regulating system or overhigh oil pressure.
The function of the loading device for the fatigue test of the side frame of the railway freight car meets the standard requirement, and the bottom adjusting device is designed to facilitate accurate positioning and disassembly and assembly, so that the labor and the time are saved. The radius of the hinged support of the supporting structure is designed to be slightly larger than that of the dummy shaft, so that transverse vertical loads are decoupled, and the loads can be uniformly transmitted to a test piece. A bolt fastening mode is penetrated in the middle of the wedge inclined slide block, transverse and torsional loads can be accurately acted on the edge and the surface of the upright post of the side frame test piece, and fatigue loading of side frames with different specifications can be realized only by changing the pre-tightening amount or a small number of clamping tools. And a hydraulic servo system is adopted to implement limit setting on the actuator, so that the test sample and the equipment are prevented from being damaged due to unexpected conditions. The test system has the characteristics of convenience in operation, quickness in dismounting and accuracy in loading.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading attachment which characterized in that: the test loading device comprises a workbench, a control system, a supporting base, a portal frame and an actuator; the actuators comprise a vertical loading actuator, a transverse loading actuator and a torsional loading actuator;
a vertical loading actuator is suspended in the middle of the portal frame, and supporting bases are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the portal frame; a sliding hinged support is arranged on the supporting base, and the supporting base is connected with the side frame test piece through the sliding hinged support; the vertical loading actuator is loaded on the vertical loading seat, the upper cover plate of the vertical loading seat is symmetrically provided with a strip groove, and the vertical loading seat penetrates through the loading cross beam and is horizontally placed in the strip groove; the vertical loading seat is horizontally placed on the annular block; the transverse loading actuator is installed and acts on the loading beam, and bidirectional loading is realized through the clamping plate and the wedge oblique sliding adjusting device; the support reaction seat is arranged on one side of the support base, the torsion loading actuator is fixed on the support reaction seat, and a longitudinal torsion load is transmitted through the loading cross beam and the loading plate; and long waist holes are formed in the loading plate, and the loading position is adjusted to test side frame test pieces with different sizes.
2. The loading device for the railway truck side frame fatigue test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the acting surfaces of the test loading device and the side frame test piece are adjusted by adopting a sliding wedge in an inclined mode, and the load can uniformly act on the side frame test piece by adopting minimum interference fit.
3. The loading device for the railway truck side frame fatigue test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size of the annular block is determined according to the size of the side frame test piece.
4. The loading device for the railway truck side frame fatigue test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a hydraulic servo system is used to control the actuator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023055682.6U CN213842654U (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023055682.6U CN213842654U (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device |
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| CN213842654U true CN213842654U (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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| CN202023055682.6U Active CN213842654U (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Railway freight car side bearer fatigue test loading device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113970485A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-25 | 长安大学 | Large-scale fatigue test bed and method suitable for components with various cantilever lengths |
| CN115165330A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-11 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所 | Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device |
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2020
- 2020-12-18 CN CN202023055682.6U patent/CN213842654U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113970485A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-25 | 长安大学 | Large-scale fatigue test bed and method suitable for components with various cantilever lengths |
| CN113970485B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-10-03 | 长安大学 | Large fatigue test bench and method suitable for various cantilever length members |
| CN115165330A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-11 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所 | Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device |
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