CN115165330A - Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device - Google Patents
Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115165330A CN115165330A CN202210745576.5A CN202210745576A CN115165330A CN 115165330 A CN115165330 A CN 115165330A CN 202210745576 A CN202210745576 A CN 202210745576A CN 115165330 A CN115165330 A CN 115165330A
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- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for a hinge device, which comprises a loading actuator, a portal frame and a workbench, wherein the portal frame is provided with a portal frame; a portal frame is arranged on the workbench; the top of the vertical loading beam is connected with a vertical loading actuator; the vertical loading actuator is connected with one end of the hinged test piece through the vertical loading connecting plate. The top of the fixed base is provided with a plurality of grooves which are transversely arranged in parallel, and the rolling rods on the bottom layer are arranged between the fixed base and the transverse rolling seats; the roller bar at the top layer is arranged between the transverse rolling seat and the longitudinal rolling seat; the top of the longitudinal rolling seat is connected with the other end of the hinged test piece. The device can be used for static strength and fatigue test of the tramcar hinge device, the test bed can ensure safe and easy operation of the test, can ensure accurate loading, ensures test quality, can also be used for three-direction decoupling loading of other elastic elements and combined devices, and has extremely strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vehicle engineering tests, relates to the technical research of vehicle part detection, and particularly relates to a three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for an articulated device.
Background
The hinge device is an important component of the hinge type tramcar, is positioned between each carriage module of a train, connects adjacent modules together and plays a supporting role at the same time. The quality of the hinge device affects the running safety of the tramcar, so that the strength and the service life of the hinge device are particularly important to detect.
At present, the detection technology of the hinge device is not mature, no special product standard exists, the strength calculation requirements in EN 12663-1. In the existing-stage strength test of the hinge device, an actuator is mostly adopted to independently apply load in each direction through a rigid tool, the test mode has the phenomenon of load interference in a fatigue test, independent coordinated loading in three directions cannot be realized, and the test result cannot accurately simulate the actual hinge stress condition. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a multi-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading device to meet the requirement of the hinge device for multi-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for a hinge device of a tramcar, which is used for static strength and fatigue tests of the hinge device of the tramcar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for the hinge device comprises a loading actuator, a portal frame 16 and a workbench 17; the loading actuators include a transverse loading actuator 12, a longitudinal loading actuator 13, and a vertical loading actuator 14.
A portal frame 16 is arranged on the workbench 17; the supporting base 1 is a bottom structure of the workbench 17; the upright post 2 is vertically installed and fastened along the periphery of the supporting base 1; the vertical loading beam 3 is arranged on the upright post 2 through clearance fit; the top of the vertical loading beam 3 is connected with a vertical loading actuator 14; the vertical loading actuator 14 is connected to one end of the articulated test piece 15 by a vertical loading connection plate 19. Vertical loading is applied to the hinged test piece 15 by the vertical loading actuator 14 through the vertical loading connection plate 19.
A fixed base 6 is fixedly installed in the center of the supporting base 1 through bolts, a plurality of grooves which are transversely arranged in parallel are formed in the top of the fixed base 6, the bottom of the transverse rolling base 8 is of a plane structure, and a rolling rod 7 at the bottom layer is arranged between the grooves in the top of the fixed base 6 and the transverse rolling base 8; the top of the transverse rolling seat 8 is provided with a plurality of grooves which are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction, and the roller 7 at the top layer is arranged between the grooves at the top of the transverse rolling seat 8 and the longitudinal rolling seat 10; the top of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 is connected to the other end of the articulated test piece 15. The rolling rods 7 at the bottom layer are transversely arranged. The rollers 7 of the top layer are arranged longitudinally.
Further, sliding fit is provided between the side portions of the fixed base 6 and the side portions of the lateral rolling seat 8, and between the side portions of the lateral rolling seat 8 and the side portions of the longitudinal rolling seat 10.
Furthermore, the outer side of the transverse rolling seat 8 is connected with one end of a transverse loading seat 9 in a welding mode, the other end of the transverse loading seat 9 is connected with a transverse loading actuator 12 for transverse loading, the transverse loading actuator 12 is fixed on one side of the portal frame 16, and the portal frame 16 provides transverse supporting reaction force for the transverse loading actuator 12. The transverse loading actuator 12 applies transverse actuating force to the transverse loading seat 9, the side part of the transverse rolling seat 8 slides with the side part of the fixed base 6, and the bottom surface of the transverse rolling seat 8 slides along the roller 7 at the bottom layer, so that transverse loading is realized.
Furthermore, the outer side of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 is welded with the longitudinal loading seat 11, the longitudinal loading seat 11 is connected with the longitudinal loading actuator 13 for longitudinal loading, the longitudinal loading actuator 13 is fixed on one side of the support reaction seat 18, and the support reaction seat 18 provides longitudinal support reaction force for the longitudinal loading seat 11; the reaction force seat 18 is fixed to the table 17. The longitudinal loading seat 11 applies longitudinal acting force to the longitudinal rolling seat 10, the side part of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 slides with the side part of the transverse rolling seat 8, and the bottom surface of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 slides along the rolling rod 7 at the top layer, so that longitudinal loading is realized.
Further, the longitudinal rolling seat 10 and the vertical loading connecting plate 19 are connected with the hinge test piece 15 by adopting a T-shaped groove structure.
Furthermore, the supporting base 1, the upright column 2, the vertical loading beam 3 and the top plate 5 are connected to form a supporting frame and a vertical loading structure of the test bed.
Furthermore, the vertical loading beam 3 is in clearance fit with the upright columns 2, and fixed rollers 4 are arranged between the upper side and the lower side of the vertical loading beam 3 and each upright column 2; sliding friction is eliminated by adopting a rolling connection mode, and tool abrasion caused by direct contact of the vertical loading beam 3 and the stand column 2 is avoided.
Further, a top plate 5 is mounted on the top of the column 2 by bolts. The top plate 5 is arranged at the top of the upright post 2 to play a limiting role, and the movable space of the vertical loading beam 3 is sufficient, so that the installation space of the hinge test pieces 15 of different types or other locomotive vehicle parts is ensured.
Further, the loading actuator is controlled by a hydraulic servo system.
The invention adopts a hydraulic servo control system, the two ends of the actuators are provided with rotating heads to realize small-amplitude swinging, so that coordinated loading control in three directions is realized, displacement limit is arranged on each actuator in the control system, and equipment and sample damage caused by special conditions is avoided.
In conclusion, the invention has simple structure, can realize disassembly and assembly only by replacing a few press-fitting connecting plates, greatly saves the test cost and improves the test efficiency. The sample is easy to replace, disassemble and assemble, the test operation is simple, and the real stress condition of the hinge device can be simulated. And a rolling connection loading mode is adopted, so that energy loss and equipment loss caused by sliding friction and collision are avoided, three-direction coordinated loading ensures that the load is really transferred to the hinge device, and accurate evaluation on the fatigue life of the test piece is ensured, and the structure and process defects are discovered in time. The application effect is good in the actual test process.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a loading test frame of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1-supporting base, 2-upright post, 3-vertical loading beam, 4-fixed roller, 5-top plate, 6-fixed base, 7-rolling rod, 8-transverse rolling seat, 9-transverse loading seat, 10-longitudinal rolling seat, 11-longitudinal loading seat, 12-transverse loading actuator, 13-longitudinal loading actuator, 14-vertical loading actuator, 15-hinged test piece, 16-portal frame, 17-workbench, 18-counter-force seat and 19-vertical loading connecting plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
With reference to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for a hinge device, which includes a loading actuator, a gantry 16 and a workbench 17; the loading actuators include a transverse loading actuator 12, a longitudinal loading actuator 13, and a vertical loading actuator 14.
The workbench 17 is an integral supporting structure of the test bed; a portal frame 16 is arranged on the workbench 17; the supporting base 1 is a bottom structure of the workbench 17, and the supporting base 1 is fastened and connected on the workbench 17 through bolts; the number of the upright columns 2 is four, the upright columns 2 are vertically and tightly installed along the periphery of the supporting base 1, and the vertical loading beams 3 are installed on the upright columns 2 in a clearance fit manner; the top plate 5 is mounted on top of the upright 2 by bolts.
Furthermore, the supporting base 1, the upright column 2, the vertical loading beam 3 and the top plate 5 are connected to form a test bed frame.
Furthermore, the vertical loading beam 3 is in clearance fit with the stand columns 2, and eight fixed rollers 4 are respectively arranged between the upper side and the lower side of the vertical loading beam 3 and each stand column 2; sliding friction is eliminated by adopting a rolling connection mode, and tool abrasion caused by direct contact of the vertical loading beam 3 and the stand column 2 is avoided.
The top of the vertical loading beam 3 is connected with a vertical loading actuator 14, and the vertical loading actuator 14 is vertically loaded by the vertical loading beam 3. The vertical loading actuator 14 is connected to one end of the articulated test piece 15 by a vertical loading attachment plate 19. Vertical loading is applied to the hinged test piece 15 by the vertical loading actuator 14 through the vertical loading connection plate 19.
The top plate 5 is arranged at the top of the upright post 2 to play a limiting role, the distance between the top plate 5 and the supporting base 1 is 1600mm, and the moving space of the vertical loading beam 3 is sufficient to ensure the installation space of the hinge test pieces 15 of different types or other rolling stock parts.
A fixed base 6 is fixedly installed in the center of the supporting base 1 through bolts, a plurality of grooves which are arranged in parallel and have the depth of 19mm are formed in the fixed base 6, and rolling rods 7 with the diameter of 20mm and arranged at the bottom layer are arranged in the grooves with the depth of 19mm along the transverse rolling direction; the lateral part of the horizontal rolling seat 8 is inserted into the lateral plate of the fixed base 6 (the lateral parts of the horizontal rolling seat 8 and the fixed base 6 are connected in a pulling and inserting mode, namely, the lateral plate of the fixed base 6 is in sliding fit with the lateral part of the horizontal rolling seat 8), meanwhile, the bottom of the horizontal rolling seat 8 is arranged on the rolling rod 7 at the bottom layer, no contact exists between the bottom of the horizontal rolling seat 8 and the top of the fixed base 6, and the rolling rod 7 at the bottom layer plays a limiting role in longitudinal loading and eliminates horizontal sliding friction. The outside and the horizontal loading seat 9 one end welded connection of horizontal rolling seat 8, the other end and the horizontal loading actuator 12 of horizontal loading seat 9 are connected and are carried out horizontal loading, horizontal loading actuator 12 is fixed in portal frame 16 one side, provides horizontal counter-force for horizontal loading actuator 12 by portal frame 16.
The top of the transverse rolling seat 8 adopts a longitudinally-distributed groove structure with the same size as the fixed base 6, and a rolling rod 7 with the diameter of 20mm is longitudinally arranged in the longitudinally-distributed groove; the side plate of the transverse rolling seat 8 is in sliding fit with the side part of the longitudinal rolling seat 10, the bottom of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 is not in contact with the top of the transverse rolling seat 8, and the rollers 7 on the top layer are longitudinally arranged to eliminate longitudinal sliding friction; the end parts of the rolling rods 7 on each longitudinally-arranged top layer are all vertically arranged with the longitudinal rolling seat 10, the outer side of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 is connected with the longitudinal loading seat 11 in a welding mode, the longitudinal loading seat 11 is connected with one end of the longitudinal loading actuator 13 through a bolt M16 to realize longitudinal loading, the other end of the longitudinal loading actuator 13 is fixed on a supporting reaction seat 18, and the supporting reaction seat 18 is used for providing longitudinal supporting reaction; the reaction force seat 18 is fixed to the table 17. The top of the longitudinal rolling seat 10 is connected to the other end of the articulated test piece 15.
The longitudinal rolling seat 10 and the vertical loading connecting plate 19 are connected with the hinged test piece 15 through a T-shaped groove structure, the structure is not constrained by a connecting port of the type of the hinged test piece 15, the test bed and the test piece can be disassembled and assembled only through bolts and connecting pressing plates, and test cost is saved. The vertical loading connecting plate 19 is fixed at the bottom of the vertical loading beam 3 through an M24 bolt and used for transferring vertical load, one end of the vertical loading actuator 14 is fixed on a top beam of the portal frame 16, and the mounting and loading of test pieces with different sizes are guaranteed by adopting a long oil cylinder telescopic structure with the stroke of 500 mm.
When the loading device is used, firstly, the oil cylinder expansion amount of the vertical loading actuator 14 is adjusted according to the height of the hinged test piece 15, and the distance between the longitudinal rolling seat 10 and the vertical loading connecting plate 19 is adjusted; the hinged test piece 15 is vertically placed in the center of the connecting plates of the two T-shaped grooves of the test bed and is fastened with the connecting plates of the pressing plate through bolts. The test device does not need to change the position of the loading actuator, and can realize the disassembly and assembly of the test piece only by adjusting the height of the vertical oil cylinder. The two ends of the loading actuator adopt spherical hinged structures, the loading device adopts rolling connection to eliminate sliding friction, vertical, transverse and longitudinal coordinated loading can be realized, and load decoupling ensures that test load is accurately transferred to a test piece. The test device is suitable for three-way loading of hinge devices of different models and specifications or other rolling stock parts, the test piece can be disassembled and assembled only by replacing a small number of press-fitting connecting plates, special tools are not needed, the test cost, manpower and operation time are greatly saved, and the economic benefit of enterprises is facilitated. During testing, the load frequency is 1-2 Hz, the load can be slowly and uniformly applied to the hinged test piece 15, and limit values are set for the test load and the displacement value of the control system in the testing process, so that the damage to the hinged test piece 15 and the test equipment caused by power failure or out-of-control test equipment due to too high feedback of oil pressure can be prevented.
The three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed of the hinge device meets standard requirements in function, the designed three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed can achieve a three-way decoupling loading mode, and loads can be uniformly and accurately transferred to a test piece. The longitudinal rolling seat 10 and the vertical loading connecting plate 19 which are connected with the test piece both adopt T-shaped groove structures, so that the hinged test piece 15 can be assembled and disassembled only through bolts or a small number of connecting pressing plates, and special tools are not needed. And a hydraulic servo system is adopted to implement limit setting on the actuator, so that the test sample and the equipment are prevented from being damaged due to unexpected conditions. The test system has the characteristics of convenience in operation, quickness in dismounting and accuracy in loading. The test bed can be universally used for hinge devices of different models, and can also be applied to strength tests of other locomotive vehicle parts, so that the test bed has wide universality.
Claims (9)
1. The three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for the hinge device is characterized in that: the device comprises a loading actuator, a portal frame and a workbench; the loading actuators comprise a transverse loading actuator, a longitudinal loading actuator and a vertical loading actuator;
a portal frame is arranged on the workbench; the supporting base is a bottom structure of the workbench; the upright posts are vertically installed and fastened along the periphery of the supporting base; the vertical loading beam is arranged on the upright post in a clearance fit manner; the top of the vertical loading beam is connected with a vertical loading actuator; the vertical loading actuator is connected with one end of the hinged test piece through a vertical loading connecting plate;
the center of the supporting base is fixedly provided with a fixed base through a bolt, the top of the fixed base is provided with a plurality of grooves which are transversely arranged in parallel, the bottom of the transverse rolling seat is of a plane structure, and the rolling rod at the bottom layer is arranged between the grooves at the top of the fixed base and the transverse rolling seat; the top of the transverse rolling seat is provided with a plurality of grooves which are longitudinally arranged in parallel, and the roller on the top layer is arranged between the grooves on the top of the transverse rolling seat and the longitudinal rolling seat; the top of the longitudinal rolling seat is connected with the other end of the hinged test piece; the rolling rods at the bottom layer are transversely distributed; the rolling rods on the top layer are longitudinally distributed.
2. The three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for articulated devices of claim, characterized in that: the side parts of the fixed base and the transverse rolling seat are in sliding fit, and the side parts of the transverse rolling seat and the side parts of the longitudinal rolling seat are in sliding fit.
3. The three degrees of freedom coordinated loading test bench of hinge assembly of claim is characterized in that: the outer side of the transverse rolling seat is connected with one end of the transverse loading seat in a welding mode, the other end of the transverse loading seat is connected with the transverse loading actuator for transverse loading, the transverse loading actuator is fixed on one side of the portal frame, and transverse supporting counter force is provided for the transverse loading actuator by the portal frame.
4. The three degrees of freedom coordinated loading test bench of hinge assembly of claim is characterized in that: the outer side of the longitudinal rolling seat is connected with the longitudinal loading seat in a welding mode, the longitudinal loading seat is connected with the longitudinal loading actuator for longitudinal loading, the longitudinal loading actuator is fixed on one side of the support reaction seat, and the support reaction seat provides longitudinal support reaction force for the longitudinal loading seat; the support reaction force seat is fixed on the workbench.
5. The three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for articulated devices of claim, characterized in that: and the longitudinal rolling seat and the vertical loading connecting plate are connected with the hinged test piece by adopting a T-shaped groove structure.
6. The three degrees of freedom coordinated loading test bench of hinge assembly of claim is characterized in that: the supporting base, the stand column, the vertical loading beam and the top plate are connected to form a supporting frame and a vertical loading structure of the test bed.
7. The three degrees of freedom coordinated loading test bench of hinge assembly of claim is characterized in that: the vertical loading beam and the stand columns are in clearance fit, and fixed rollers are mounted between the upper side and the lower side of the vertical loading beam and each stand column.
8. The three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for articulated devices of claim, characterized in that: the top plate is installed at the top of the upright post through a bolt.
9. The three-degree-of-freedom coordinated loading test bed for articulated devices of claim, characterized in that: the loading actuator is controlled by a hydraulic servo system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210745576.5A CN115165330A (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210745576.5A CN115165330A (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115165330A true CN115165330A (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210745576.5A Pending CN115165330A (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Three-freedom-degree coordinated loading test bed for hinge device |
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| CN (1) | CN115165330A (en) |
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- 2022-06-27 CN CN202210745576.5A patent/CN115165330A/en active Pending
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