CN111855427A - Three-way loading test device for rail vehicle hinging device - Google Patents
Three-way loading test device for rail vehicle hinging device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle body connection, and relates to a three-way loading test device for a railway vehicle hinge device, which comprises a mounting seat, a hinge device, a loading rod, a longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder, a transverse loading hydraulic cylinder and a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder, wherein the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole; the mounting seat is connected with the loading rod through a hinge device and is positioned on the same axis; the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the loading rod and provides longitudinal load for the hinge device through the loading rod; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod and the hinge device and provides transverse load for the hinge device; the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod and the hinge device and provides vertical load for the hinge device. The invention provides a three-way loading test device for a rail vehicle hinge device, which can be used for carrying out strength test on the hinge device and has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in installation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle body connection, relates to a three-way loading test device, and particularly relates to a three-way loading test device for a railway vehicle hinging device.
Background
The low-floor tramcar has the advantages that the bottom of the carriage is close to the ground, the gravity center is low, the turning radius is small, the climbing capacity is high, passengers can conveniently go out by bus, the low-floor tramcar can share the road with the car, the removal amount is small, a special platform does not need to be built, and the construction cost of urban rail transit is greatly saved. In recent years, tramcar traffic systems are built in a plurality of cities in China, the low-floor tramcar has a very wide application prospect, and the hinged products for the tramcars have wide market application values.
The hinge device is used as a connecting part of adjacent vehicle bodies of the railway vehicle, is a key part for ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle, and must pass a maximum load strength test and a endurance fatigue test before loading. At present, the test method of the hinge device has no standard at home and abroad, the domestic hinge product completely depends on import, and the test method is not disclosed for the confidentiality of the technology by foreign manufacturers. During vehicle operation, the articulation apparatus is required to withstand longitudinal traction and braking loads, lateral body inertial loads, and vertical body weight loads. The hinge device belongs to a spherical hinge structure, one end of the hinge device is fixed, and when transverse and vertical loads are applied to the other end of the hinge device, the hinge device can swing, so that the transverse loads and the vertical loads cannot be applied.
Based on this, it is important to provide a test method for the hinge device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the test device for the three-way loading of the rail vehicle hinge device, which can perform the strength test on the hinge device, has a simple structure and is convenient to install.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-way loading test device for a rail vehicle hinging device comprises a mounting seat, the hinging device, a loading rod, a longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder, a transverse loading hydraulic cylinder and a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder; the mounting seat is connected with the loading rod through a hinge device and is positioned on the same axis; the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the loading rod and provides longitudinal load for the hinge device through the loading rod; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod and the hinge device and provides transverse load for the hinge device; the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod and the hinge device and provides vertical load for the hinge device.
The three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinge device further comprises a loading plate arranged between the hinge device and the loading rod; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the loading plate and provides a transverse load for the hinge device through the loading plate; the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the loading plate and provides vertical load for the hinge device through the loading plate.
The three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate arranged on the loading plate; and the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder sequentially passes through the transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate and the loading plate to provide transverse load for the hinge device.
The test device for the three-way loading of the railway vehicle hinging device also comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate arranged on the loading plate; and the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder sequentially passes through the vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate and the loading plate to provide vertical load for the hinge device.
The three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate arranged at the tail end of the loading rod; the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder provides longitudinal load to the hinge device through the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate and the loading rod in sequence.
The three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a supporting seat; the tail end of the loading rod is arranged on the supporting seat.
The supporting seat is provided with a U-shaped groove; the tail end of the loading rod is arranged in the U-shaped groove.
The inner wall of the U-shaped groove is provided with a friction reducing pad; the tail end of the loading rod is arranged in the U-shaped groove through a friction reducing pad; the material of the friction reducing pad is nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a test bed; the mounting seat and the supporting seat are respectively and oppositely arranged on the test bed; the mounting seat, the loading rod and the supporting seat are all equal in height.
The hinge device comprises a first bearing seat, a connecting pin, a joint bearing and a second bearing seat; the joint bearing is arranged in the first bearing seat; the first bearing seat is connected with the second bearing seat through a connecting pin; the second bearing block can rotate around three axes of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the joint bearing relative to the first bearing block; the first bearing seat is connected with the loading rod through a bolt; and the second bearing block is connected with the mounting seat through a bolt.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a three-way loading test device for a rail vehicle hinge device, which comprises a mounting seat, a hinge device, a loading rod, a longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder, a transverse loading hydraulic cylinder and a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder, wherein the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole; the mounting seat is connected with the loading rod through a hinge device and is positioned on the same axis; the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the loading rod and provides longitudinal load for the hinge device through the loading rod; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod and the hinge device and provides transverse load for the hinge device; the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod and the hinge device and provides vertical load for the hinge device. The test device for the three-way loading of the road vehicle hinge device solves the problem of the three-way loading of the tramcar hinge device, can control the influence of the reaction force and the friction force of the supporting seat on the test load by designing and manufacturing the loading rods with different lengths, can carry out the strength test on the hinge device by using the test method, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and the like. The invention aims to provide a test method for applying loads in three directions to a hinge device, which has the characteristics of simple structure, easiness in manufacturing and easiness in controlling test errors. The device is suitable for the strength test and the endurance fatigue test of the tramcar hinge device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art hinge assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-way loading test device for a railway vehicle articulation system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a reference diagram illustrating the use of the test device for three-way loading of the articulated mounting of a railway vehicle according to the invention;
wherein:
1-a first bearing seat; 2-a connecting pin; 3-a spherical plain bearing; 4-a second bearing block; 5-mounting a base; 6-a hinge arrangement; 7-a loading rod; 8-a friction reducing pad; 9-a support seat; 13-longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plates; 14-horizontal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate; 15-vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate; 16-load plate.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a test device for three-way loading of a rail vehicle hinge device, which comprises a mounting seat 5, a hinge device 6, a loading rod 7, a longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder, a transverse loading hydraulic cylinder and a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder; the mounting seat 5 is connected with a loading rod 7 through a hinge device 6 and is positioned on the same axis; the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the loading rod 7 and provides longitudinal load for the hinge device 6 through the loading rod 7; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod 7 and the hinge device 6 and provides transverse load for the hinge device 6; the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod 7 and the hinge device 6 and provides vertical load for the hinge device 6.
The test device for the three-way loading of the railway vehicle hinge device also comprises a loading plate 16 arranged between the hinge device 6 and the loading rod 7; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the loading plate 16 and provides transverse load for the hinge device 6 through the loading plate 16; the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is placed on the loading plate 16 and provides vertical loading to the hinge device 6 through the loading plate 16. The test device for the three-way loading of the railway vehicle hinging device also comprises a transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 14 arranged on a loading plate 16; the transverse loading cylinder in turn provides transverse loading to the articulation mechanism 6 via the transverse cylinder yoke 14 and the load plate 16. The test device for the three-way loading of the railway vehicle hinging device also comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 15 arranged on a loading plate 16; the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder provides vertical load to the hinging device 6 through the vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 15 and the loading plate 16 in turn. The three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 13 arranged at the tail end of the loading rod 7; the longitudinal loading cylinder in turn provides longitudinal load to the hinge assembly 6 via the longitudinal cylinder yoke 13 and the load bar 7.
The test device for the three-way loading of the railway vehicle hinge device also comprises a supporting seat 9; the tail end of the loading rod 7 is arranged on the supporting seat 9; a U-shaped groove is arranged on the supporting seat 9; the inner wall of the U-shaped groove is provided with a friction reducing pad 8; the tail end of the loading rod 7 is arranged in the U-shaped groove through a friction reducing pad 8; the material of the friction reducing pad 8 is nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The test device for the three-way loading of the rail vehicle hinge device also comprises a test bed; the mounting seat 5 and the supporting seat 9 are respectively and oppositely arranged on the test bed; the mounting seat 5, the loading rod 7 and the supporting seat 9 are all equal in height.
The hinge device 6 comprises a first bearing seat 1, a connecting pin 2, a joint bearing 3 and a second bearing seat 4; the joint bearing 3 is arranged in the first bearing seat 1; the first bearing seat 1 is connected with the second bearing seat 4 through a connecting pin 2; the second bearing block 4 can rotate around three axes of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the joint bearing 3 relative to the first bearing block 1; the first bearing seat 1 is connected with the loading rod 7 through a bolt; the second bearing block 4 is connected to the mounting block 5 by bolts. The hinge device 6 bears longitudinal traction braking load, transverse inertia load and vertical body weight load when the vehicle runs, and the magnitude of the loads in the three directions is continuously changed. Because the joint bearing 3 is arranged in the hinge device, the transverse load and the vertical load are difficult to apply. Aiming at the stress form and the characteristics of the hinging device 6 in the vehicle running process, the problems are effectively solved by designing a test tool.
The test device for the three-way loading of the road vehicle hinge device solves the problem of the three-way loading of the tramcar hinge device, can control the influence of the reaction force and the friction force of the supporting seat 9 on the test load by designing and manufacturing the loading rods 7 with different lengths, can carry out the strength test on the hinge device by using the test method, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and the like. The invention aims to provide a test method for applying loads in three directions to a hinge device, which has the characteristics of simple structure, easiness in manufacturing and easiness in controlling test errors. The device is suitable for the strength test and the endurance fatigue test of the tramcar hinge device.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinge device provided by the invention comprises a mounting seat 5, a hinge device 6, a loading rod 7, a friction reducing pad 8 and a supporting seat 9 (not limited in number and shape on the figure). The mounting seat 5 and the supporting seat 9 are respectively fixed on the test bed through fasteners, the second bearing seat 4 of the hinge device 6 is connected with the mounting seat 5 through bolts, and the first bearing seat 1 is connected with the loading rod 7 through bolts. The loading rod 7 is provided with 3 loading plates (a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 13, a transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 14 and a vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 15) which are respectively connected with 3 hydraulic cylinders (a longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder, a transverse loading hydraulic cylinder and a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder) (a hinging device and a three-way loading tool test field diagram in figure 3) to respectively apply X, Y, Z loads in three directions. One end of the hinge device 6 is connected with the mounting seat 5 through a bolt, and the other end is connected with the loading rod 7 through a bolt. The other end of the loading rod 7 is placed in a groove in the upper portion of the supporting seat 9, three friction reducing pads 8 are respectively arranged at the bottom and two side faces of the groove, the friction reducing pads are made of nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene plates and have low friction coefficient, and therefore friction resistance between the loading rod 7 and the supporting seat 9 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, the hinge device 6 is composed of a first bearing block 1, a connecting pin 2, a joint bearing 3 and a second bearing block 4, wherein the joint bearing 3 is installed in the first bearing block 1 and is connected with the second bearing block 4 through the connecting pin 2, and the second bearing block 4 can rotate around three axes of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the joint bearing 3 relative to the first bearing block 1.
The loading rod 7 is provided with 1 loading plate 16, the upper end of the loading plate 16 is welded with the vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 15, the side surface of the loading plate 16 is welded with the transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 14, the other end of the loading rod 7 is provided with the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate 13, and after the 3 yoke plates are respectively connected with 3 hydraulic cylinders (a hinge device and a three-way loading tool test site figure in figure 3), X, Y, Z loads in three directions can be simultaneously applied.
When the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device provided by the invention is used for carrying out a three-way loading test, the specific method is as follows:
1) lateral force, which the hinge is actually subjected to when it is subjected to a lateral force Fy:
Qy＝Fy-Jy
because: jy × L2 ═ Fy × L1, Jy ═ Fy × L1/L2
So Qy-Fy × L1/L2;
wherein:
jy is the lateral counter force of the support seat 9;
l1 is the longitudinal distance from the center of the knuckle bearing of the hinge assembly to the load plate;
l2 is the longitudinal distance from the center of the knuckle bearing of the hinge to the support seat;
since L1 is much smaller than L2, Qy is approximately equal to Fy.
2) Vertical force Fz applied to the hinge assembly, the actual vertical force experienced by the hinge assembly:
Qz＝Fz-Jz＝Fz-Fz×L1/L2
jz is the vertical counter force of the support seat 9;
since L1 is much smaller than L2, Qz is approximately equal to Fz;
3) the longitudinal force actually experienced by the articulation device when applying the longitudinal force Fx to the articulation device:
Qx＝Fx-Jx＝Fx-Fz×u×L1/L2-Fy×u×L1/L2
jx is the longitudinal frictional resistance of the supporting seat 9 to the loading rod, and the longitudinal frictional resistance comprises frictional resistance Fz multiplied by u multiplied by L1/L2 generated by vertical force Fz and frictional resistance Fy multiplied by u multiplied by L1/L2 generated by transverse force Fy;
u is the friction coefficient of the loading rod and the friction reducing plate, and the friction coefficient is 0.07;
since L1 is much smaller than L2, Qx is approximately equal to Fx.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rail vehicle articulated mounting three-dimensional loaded test device which characterized in that: the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device comprises a mounting seat (5), a hinging device (6), a loading rod (7), a longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder, a transverse loading hydraulic cylinder and a vertical loading hydraulic cylinder; the mounting seat (5) is connected with the loading rod (7) through a hinge device (6) and is positioned on the same axis; the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the loading rod (7) and provides longitudinal load for the hinge device (6) through the loading rod (7); the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod (7) and the hinge device (6) and provides transverse load for the hinge device (6); the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the joint of the loading rod (7) and the hinge device (6) and provides vertical load for the hinge device (6).
2. The rail vehicle articulation apparatus three-way loading test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a loading plate (16) arranged between the hinging device (6) and the loading rod (7); the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the loading plate (16) and provides transverse load for the hinge device (6) through the loading plate (16); the vertical loading hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the loading plate (16) and provides vertical load for the hinge device (6) through the loading plate (16).
3. The rail vehicle articulation apparatus three-way loading test apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate (14) arranged on a loading plate (16); the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder sequentially passes through the transverse hydraulic cylinder yoke plate (14) and the loading plate (16) to provide transverse load for the hinge device (6).
4. The rail vehicle articulation three-way loading test apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the test device for the three-way loading of the railway vehicle hinging device also comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate (15) arranged on the loading plate (16); the transverse loading hydraulic cylinder sequentially passes through the vertical hydraulic cylinder yoke plate (15) and the loading plate (16) to provide vertical load for the hinge device (6).
5. The rail vehicle articulation apparatus three-way loading test apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate (13) arranged at the tail end of the loading rod (7); the longitudinal loading hydraulic cylinder provides longitudinal load to the hinge device (6) through the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder yoke plate (13) and the loading rod (7) in sequence.
6. The railway vehicle articulation arrangement three-way loading test device of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a supporting seat (9); the tail end of the loading rod (7) is arranged on the supporting seat (9).
7. The rail vehicle articulation apparatus three-way loading test apparatus of claim 6, wherein: a U-shaped groove is formed in the supporting seat (9); the tail end of the loading rod (7) is arranged in the U-shaped groove.
8. The rail vehicle articulation apparatus three-way loading test apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the inner wall of the U-shaped groove is provided with a friction reducing pad (8); the tail end of the loading rod (7) is arranged in the U-shaped groove through a friction reducing pad (8); the material of the friction reducing pad (8) is nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
9. The rail vehicle articulation apparatus three-way loading test apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the three-way loading test device for the rail vehicle hinging device also comprises a test bed; the mounting seat (5) and the supporting seat (9) are respectively and oppositely arranged on the test bed; the mounting seat (5), the loading rod (7) and the supporting seat (9) are all equal in height.
10. The rail vehicle articulation three-way loading test apparatus of claim 9, wherein: the hinge device (6) comprises a first bearing seat (1), a connecting pin (2), a joint bearing (3) and a second bearing seat (4);
the joint bearing (3) is arranged in the first bearing seat (1); the first bearing seat (1) is connected with the second bearing seat (4) through a connecting pin (2); the second bearing block (4) can rotate around three axes of an X shaft, a Y shaft and a Z shaft of the joint bearing (3) relative to the first bearing block (1); the first bearing seat (1) is connected with the loading rod (7) through a bolt; and the second bearing block (4) is connected with the mounting seat (5) through a bolt.
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| CN202010837476.6A CN111855427A (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Three-way loading test device for rail vehicle hinging device |
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| CN202010837476.6A CN111855427A (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Three-way loading test device for rail vehicle hinging device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113212795A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-06 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Loading false wheel for undercarriage strength test |
| CN113686689A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-23 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for carrying out combined loading test on rubber elastic element of railway vehicle |
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