CN213812142U - Wheel set measuring machine - Google Patents
Wheel set measuring machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN213812142U CN213812142U CN202120024974.9U CN202120024974U CN213812142U CN 213812142 U CN213812142 U CN 213812142U CN 202120024974 U CN202120024974 U CN 202120024974U CN 213812142 U CN213812142 U CN 213812142U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wheel pair measuring machine, which relates to the technical field of wheel pair measurement, and comprises a base, a main oil cylinder mounting workbench, a wheel pair lifting device, a positioning center and a driving rotating device, wherein the base is provided with two main oil cylinder mounting workbenches which are symmetrically arranged; the wheel pair measuring machine further comprises a gantry type measuring device, and the gantry type measuring device comprises a frame type gantry frame, an X-axis servo motor, a Z-axis servo motor and a measuring arm. The utility model discloses a wheel pair measuring machine is according to the railway standard, according to the special wheel pair measuring machine that the three-coordinate principle designed, has advantages such as precision height, fast, calibration convenience, figure can video display.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wheel pair measures technical field, concretely relates to wheel pair measuring machine.
Background
In the railway field, a wheel set measuring machine is an indispensable detection device, and accurate measurement of the wheel set measuring machine is an indispensable condition for subsequent construction operation.
The measured data of the rail traffic wheel set comprises more than ten kinds, such as wheel position difference, inner side distance, wheel abrasion, wheel diameter, shaft diameter, wheel three-point difference, rim thickness, shaft diameter size, shaft diameter length, shaft shoulder length and shaft end length. The method is low in measurement efficiency, the original points of all the rulers are not uniform, calibration is troublesome, and the data of dozens of rulers are difficult to self-diagnose, so that errors are difficult to find. In the prior art, laser scanning is used for measurement, although the method is high in efficiency, the price of a laser is high, the detection on the diameter of a wheel and the tread of the wheel cannot meet the requirements on the precision of the diameter of a shaft and the like in the standards of 1 millimeter and mum, the precision requirements are not high, and the requirements on the precision of the diameter of the shaft and the like cannot be met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the utility model provides a wheel set measuring machine to there is inefficiency, data self-diagnosis difficulty, high price, measuring result to receive ambient temperature to influence big scheduling problem in solving current wheel set measuring method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
according to the first aspect of the utility model, a wheel pair measuring machine, wheel pair measuring machine includes base, master cylinder erection workbench, wheel pair elevating gear, location top, drive rotary device, install two symmetrical master cylinder erection workbenches that set up on the base, install on one of them master cylinder erection workbench drive rotary device, wheel pair elevating gear installs on two subaerial between the master cylinder workstation, rotatably install the location clamping cylinder on the master cylinder erection workbench, the front end of location clamping cylinder is installed the location top;
the wheel pair measuring machine further comprises a gantry type measuring device, the gantry type measuring device comprises a frame type gantry frame, an X-axis servo motor, a Z-axis servo motor and a measuring arm, the portal frame is installed on the ground, a beam of the gantry frame is arranged above the main oil cylinder installation workbench, the measuring arm is installed on the beam of the gantry frame through a vertical column, and the measuring arm is further installed on the beam of the gantry frame and can drive the measuring arm to move along the X-axis servo motor and the Z-axis servo motor along the Z-axis direction.
Further, a contact type cross laser sensor is installed below the measuring arm.
Further, the base is installed on the ground through foundation bolts and welded by adopting section steel.
Further, a horizontal adjusting sizing block is installed on the base.
Furthermore, the main oil cylinder fixing and mounting platform adopts a welding structure and is connected with the base through a bolt.
Further, the driving and rotating device comprises a push-pull swinging mechanism, a swinging arm and a wheel pair rotating driving device, the push-pull swinging mechanism is installed on the main oil cylinder installation workbench, the swinging arm is connected with a pin shaft of the push-pull swinging mechanism through an oil cylinder joint, the swinging arm is pushed to a working position under the action of the push-pull swinging mechanism, and the wheel pair rotating driving device is installed on the swinging arm through a fixed frame.
Further, the wheel set rotation driving device is used for rotation driving work of the wheel set in the measuring process, and the driving mode is that the stepping motor drives the friction wheel to rotate through pressure contact with the wheel set tread in a friction mode.
Further, a wheel shifting mechanism is arranged near the wheel set lifting device.
Further, the wheel pair measuring machine also comprises a positioning push-out mechanism, and the positioning push-out mechanism is installed on a rail plane on which the wheel pair rolls.
Furthermore, the wheel set lifting device adopts a rail-guided platform supporting structure and comprises a lifting platform and a driving lifting device for driving the lifting platform to lift, and the lifting platform is provided with a wheel blocking mechanism.
The utility model has the advantages of as follows:
the utility model relates to a wheel pair measuring machine is according to the railway standard, according to the special wheel pair measuring machine of three-coordinate principle design, has following advantage: 1. the precision is high, and all precision requirements of wheel set measurement can be met; 2. the speed is high and can be doubled compared with the speed of the existing measuring machine; 3. the calibration is convenient, each ruler is not required to be calibrated, and only one original point data is calibrated; 4. the graph can be displayed in a video mode, and the state of each measuring point can be displayed in a three-dimensional mode through the video.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a wheel set measuring machine provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of a wheel set measuring machine provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a wheel set measuring machine provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The wheel pair measuring machine shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a base 1, two main oil cylinder mounting workbenches 2, a wheel pair lifting device 3, a positioning center 4 and a driving rotating device 5, wherein the base 1 is provided with the two main oil cylinder mounting workbenches 2 which are symmetrically arranged, one of the main oil cylinder mounting workbenches 2 is provided with the driving rotating device 5, the wheel pair lifting device 3 is mounted on the ground between the two main oil cylinder workbenches 2, the main oil cylinder mounting workbenches 2 are rotatably provided with positioning clamping oil cylinders 6, and the positioning center 4 is mounted at the front ends of the positioning clamping oil cylinders 6; the positioning center 4 is used as a central shaft for rotating the wheel set, and when the positioning center is used, the positioning center 4 is pressed against the central holes at the two ends of the axle to complete positioning.
The main oil cylinder mounting workbench 2 adopts a welding structure, has high strength, fully eliminates stress, and has good stability, strong deformation resistance and high safety factor.
The wheel pair measuring machine further comprises a gantry type measuring device 7, the gantry type measuring device 7 comprises a frame type gantry frame 71, an X-axis servo motor 72, a Z-axis servo motor 73 and a measuring arm 74, the column of the gantry frame 71 is installed on the ground, a beam of the gantry frame 71 is arranged above the main oil cylinder installation workbench 2, the beam of the gantry frame 71 is provided with the measuring arm 74 through a vertical column 8, the beam of the gantry frame 71 is further provided with the X-axis servo motor 72 capable of driving the measuring arm 74 to move along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis servo motor 73 capable of moving along the Z-axis direction. A contact-type cross laser sensor 9 is mounted below the measuring arm 74. The equipment is of a through type frame structure, and stress removal treatment is carried out before delivery so as to ensure the strength of the whole machine. The gantry type measuring device 7 is positioned by adopting a numerical control machine tool, so that the machining and positioning precision is ensured. The device is used for measuring the wheel set positioning reference and measuring the data of the wheel set inner side distance, the wheel tread circumferential runout, the wheel tread axial runout and the like. All wheel pair position sizes are relative coordinate data points are recorded in a model of a computer wheel pair measuring coordinate through a contact type cross laser sensor 9 on an X-Z coordinate of the movement of a gantry type measuring device 7, the space size of the wheel pair can be calculated through digital coordinates, the measuring principle is the same as that of a common three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the difference is that the wheel pair has a special structure and parameters with international standard characteristics. The data of the wheel set can be measured by using the contact type cross laser sensor 9, such as wheel set abrasion, rim thickness, wheel diameter and wheel width data which are very difficult to measure at ordinary times, the problems of laser scanning, laser photography and measurement of a plurality of measuring scales can be solved, a measured three-dimensional data graph is formed by measuring through the contact type cross laser sensor 9, and whether the wheel set is qualified or not is intelligently judged.
The base 1 is installed on the ground through foundation bolts and welded by adopting section steel. Reasonable structure, safety and reliability, and safety and reliability.
And a horizontal adjusting sizing block is arranged on the base 1 and used for adjusting the level of the equipment.
The main oil cylinder fixing and mounting platform 2 is of a welding structure and is connected with the base 1 through bolts.
The driving and rotating device 5 comprises a push-pull swinging mechanism 51, a swinging arm 52 and a wheel pair rotating driving device 53, the push-pull swinging mechanism 51 is installed on the main oil cylinder installation workbench 2, the swinging arm 52 is connected with a pin shaft of the push-pull swinging mechanism 51 through an oil cylinder joint, the swinging arm 52 is pushed to a working position under the action of the push-pull swinging mechanism 51, and the wheel pair rotating driving device 53 is installed on the swinging arm 52 through a fixed frame 10.
The push-pull oscillating mechanism 51 is used to push the oscillating arm to the working position. The swing arm 52 swings by adopting hydraulic pressure as a main power source, the oil cylinder joint and the pin shaft connected with the swing arm 52 are both made of high-quality steel, and the swing arm 52 is connected with the pin shaft through the oil cylinder joint, so that the structure is reasonable, and the operation is stable.
The wheel pair rotation driving device 53 is used for rotation driving work of the wheel pair in the measuring process, the driving mode is that the stepping motor drives the friction wheel to make friction rotation on the wheel pair tread through pressure contact, the friction wheel rotates to drive the wheel to rotate, detection of different wheel pair cross sections is completed, and detection is generally performed once every 120 degrees. The wheel set rotation driving device 53 is installed on the fixed frame 10 and is integrally connected with the swing arm 52 through the fixed frame 10, and the structure is reasonable, safe and reliable. The roller adopts the friction contact of the soft wear-resistant material, the contact surface is large, the phenomenon of workpiece damage can not occur when in friction contact with the workpiece, and the workpiece can not drop in the rotating process.
A wheel shifting mechanism 11 is arranged near the wheel pair lifting device 3, and the wheel shifting mechanism 11 is driven by an oil cylinder.
The wheel pair measuring machine further comprises a positioning push-out mechanism 13, wherein the positioning push-out mechanism 13 is installed on a rail plane 12 on which the wheel pair rolls, and a rail located at a detection bit value is disconnected and replaced by the positioning push-out mechanism 13. When the wheel pair enters the detection position, the wheel pair lifting device 3 plays a role in positioning, and is convenient for lifting the wheel pair to the detection position. After the wheel pair is detected, the wheel pair lifting device 3 drops the wheel pair to the plane of the track, and the positioning pushing mechanism 13 pushes the wheel pair out.
The wheel set lifting device 3 adopts a rail-guided platform supporting structure and comprises a lifting platform 31 and a driving lifting device 32 for driving the lifting platform 31 to lift, and the lifting platform 31 is provided with a wheel blocking mechanism. The wheel set lifting device 3 is used for stably lifting wheel sets with different wheel diameters to a working center before measurement, and sending the wheel sets back to a ground track after the measurement is finished. The lifting platform is provided with a wheel blocking mechanism and is mainly used for preventing the wheel set from falling after the lifting platform is lifted to a working position, and the personal safety of an operator is protected.
The wheel set measuring machine further comprises a hydraulic system and a control system:
the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil pump, a motor, a hydraulic valve, an integrated valve block, a pressure gauge, an air cooler, a filter, an air filter, a liquid level meter, a high-pressure rubber pipe, an oil cylinder and the like.
The oil tank is used for storing hydraulic oil, the oil drain hole and the cleaning hole are formed in the oil tank, maintenance is facilitated, and the oil level can be checked through the liquid level meter.
The motor and the oil pump are power elements that perform operations.
The reversing valve is controlled by an electric control signal of DC24V to realize the extending and retracting operation of the oil cylinder.
The overflow valve is a safety pressure limiting valve of the hydraulic system and can protect the hydraulic system from overpressure.
The pressure reducing valve is used for reducing the pressure of the circuit.
The pressure gauge is a shock-proof pressure gauge, has long service life and can visually display the pressure value of the system.
The air cooler is a cooling device of a hydraulic system, and when general equipment runs, the air cooling system is automatically started.
The oil suction filter is arranged at an oil suction port of the oil pump and used for protecting the oil pump from sucking large mechanical impurities.
The level gauge can check the amount of oil and the temperature of the oil by observation.
The control system adopts a Siemens series technical PLC main control unit as a control part, and a control program is written by a ladder diagram and is specially used for wheel pair measurement. The data acquisition uses the computer host program written in high-level language, the host program is installed on an industrial computer, the industrial computer and the PLC adopt high-speed Ethernet communication, and the system has a good graphic man-machine interaction interface, is simple to operate, can display the action state of the current mechanism in real time, and has the functions of working parameter setting, wheel type parameter setting, automatic data report storage, data query management and the like.
And the wheel set measuring machine automatically controls the whole measuring process of the wheel set measuring machine in an automatic operation mode. Automatically controlled items should include, but are not limited to, the following:
detecting whether a workpiece exists in the test equipment or not;
whether the workpiece is positioned in the measuring equipment or not is ensured to be at the measuring position;
and starting and stopping the system before and after the measurement.
And comparing the result with a preset size standard to determine that the next procedure is subsequently carried out.
And configuring a printer of the A4 format, and printing a work order record, a measurement result or an event log and the like.
A touch screen display is employed for operation.
1TB solid state data storage is employed to store data generated during the operation of each machine and device and to back up hardware failures.
A USB3.0 Type-a port is provided.
The equipment is equipped with the tristimulus designation lamp that has alarm function, can report to the police and warn when equipment breaks down.
The control system can complete the operation of the equipment through the control panel buttons.
The using method of the wheel pair measuring machine comprises the following steps:
positioning the wheel pair to be detected at a detection position through the material distribution mechanism; lifting the wheel set to the level of a positioning center 4 through a wheel set lifting device 3; the positioning center 4 extends out under the action of the positioning and clamping oil cylinder 6 and is pressed against a central hole at the axle end of the axle to be clamped, and positioning is finished; when the wheel pair is required to rotate, the friction wheel of the wheel pair rotation driving device 53 rotates to contact with the wheel tread, and the wheel is driven to rotate through the rotation of the friction wheel, so that the detection of the cross sections of different wheel pairs is completed, and generally, the detection is performed once every 120 degrees; the position size of the wheel set is measured by a contact type cross laser sensor 9, and relative coordinate data points are recorded in a wheel set measuring coordinate model of a wheel set measuring machine; calculating the space size of the wheel set through digital coordinates; after the wheel pair is detected, the wheel pair lifting device 3 drops the wheel pair to the plane of the track, and the positioning pushing mechanism 13 pushes the wheel pair out.
The wheel pair measuring machine of the invention designs the scope of measuring the sizes of various types of wheel pairs of railway passenger trains by using the concept of a three-coordinate measuring instrument according to the railway standard, designs the special wheel pair measuring machine according to the three-coordinate principle, and has the following advantages: 1. the precision is high, and all precision requirements of wheel set measurement can be met; 2. the speed is high and can be doubled compared with the speed of the existing measuring machine; 3. the calibration is convenient, each ruler is not required to be calibrated, and only one original point data is calibrated; 4. the graph can be displayed in a video mode, and the state of each measuring point can be displayed in a three-dimensional mode through the video.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A wheel pair measuring machine is characterized by comprising a base, two main oil cylinder mounting workbenches, a wheel pair lifting device, a positioning center and a driving rotating device, wherein the base is provided with the two main oil cylinder mounting workbenches which are symmetrically arranged;
the wheel pair measuring machine further comprises a gantry type measuring device, the gantry type measuring device comprises a frame type gantry frame, an X-axis servo motor, a Z-axis servo motor and a measuring arm, the portal frame is installed on the ground, a beam of the gantry frame is arranged above the main oil cylinder installation workbench, the measuring arm is installed on the beam of the gantry frame through a vertical column, and the measuring arm is further installed on the beam of the gantry frame and can drive the measuring arm to move along the X-axis servo motor and the Z-axis servo motor along the Z-axis direction.
2. The wheel set measuring machine of claim 1, wherein a contact cross laser sensor is mounted below the measuring arm.
3. The wheel set measuring machine according to claim 1, wherein the base is installed on the ground by anchor bolts, which are welded using section steel.
4. The wheel set measuring machine of claim 1, wherein a level adjustment sizing block is mounted on the base.
5. The wheel set measuring machine according to claim 1, wherein the master cylinder fixing mounting table is of a welded structure and is connected with the base through a bolt.
6. The wheel pair measuring machine according to claim 1, wherein the drive rotating means includes a push-pull oscillating mechanism mounted on the master cylinder mounting table, an oscillating arm connected to a pin of the push-pull oscillating mechanism through a cylinder joint, the oscillating arm being pushed to a working position by the push-pull oscillating mechanism, and a wheel pair rotation drive mounted on the oscillating arm through a mount.
7. The wheel pair measuring machine according to claim 6, wherein the wheel pair rotation driving device is used for rotation driving work of the wheel pair during the measuring process, and the driving mode is that the stepping motor drives the friction wheel to frictionally rotate the tread through the pressure contact wheel.
8. The pair measuring machine of claim 1, wherein a thumbwheel mechanism is disposed adjacent to the wheelset elevator.
9. The wheel pair measuring machine of claim 1 further comprising a positioning ejection mechanism mounted on the rail plane on which the wheel pairs roll.
10. The pair measuring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pair lifting means is a rail-guided platform support structure including a lifting table and a driving lifting means for driving the lifting table to be lifted, the lifting table being provided with a catch wheel mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120024974.9U CN213812142U (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Wheel set measuring machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120024974.9U CN213812142U (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Wheel set measuring machine |
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| CN213812142U true CN213812142U (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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| CN202120024974.9U Active CN213812142U (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Wheel set measuring machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113804468A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-17 | 中车大同电力机车有限公司 | Wheel pair automatic measuring device |
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2021
- 2021-01-06 CN CN202120024974.9U patent/CN213812142U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113804468A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-17 | 中车大同电力机车有限公司 | Wheel pair automatic measuring device |
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