CN219810373U

CN219810373U - Shaft diameter measuring device

Info

Publication number: CN219810373U
Application number: CN202320546801.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王萌; 刘瑞军; 丁颖; 杜彪; 郑亚辉; 徐建喜
Original assignee: CHN Energy Railway Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: CHN Energy Railway Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-17
Filing date: 2023-03-17
Publication date: 2023-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shaft diameter measuring device, relates to the technical field of railway wheel set detection equipment, and is used for solving the problem that the shaft diameter of different axial positions of a shaft to be measured cannot be synchronously measured by a shaft neck measuring device. It comprises the following steps: a base; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the machine base and used for lifting the shaft diameter of the shaft to be tested; the centering rotating mechanism is arranged on the machine base and is used for measuring and positioning the shaft to be measured; the measuring mechanism is arranged on the machine base and is used for measuring the shaft diameter of the shaft to be measured; the measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of cutters, and the plurality of pairs of cutters can move along the axial direction of the shaft to be measured so as to realize synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured. According to the utility model, the synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured can be realized by moving the multiple pairs of cutters to the preset test position. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the test precision, the test efficiency of the shaft diameter measuring device is improved.

Description

Shaft diameter measuring device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway wheel set detection equipment, in particular to a shaft diameter measuring device.

Background

At present, a railway wagon wheel pair is used as a key component of the running of a railway wagon, in the process of repairing a wheel shaft by sections, journal measurement is a key process in a bearing press-fitting link, and the efficiency and accuracy of a journal measuring device directly relate to the production efficiency and quality of the bearing press-fitting.

The journal measuring device in the prior art is limited by the structure (see Chinese patent utility model: CN 110220467A), and can only measure the shaft diameter size of one axial position of the shaft to be measured at a time, and the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured can be realized by multiple times of measurement, so as to meet the measurement requirement of an wheelset shaft. This severely affects the measurement efficiency of the journal measuring device.

The above-mentioned problems are that the journal measuring device in the prior art cannot synchronously measure the diameters of the shaft at different axial positions of the shaft to be measured.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a shaft diameter measuring device which is used for solving the problem that the shaft diameter of different axial positions of a shaft to be measured cannot be measured synchronously in a shaft neck measuring device.

The utility model provides a shaft diameter measuring device, comprising: a base; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the machine base and used for lifting the shaft diameter of the shaft to be tested; the centering rotating mechanism is arranged on the machine base and is used for measuring and positioning the shaft to be measured; the measuring mechanism is arranged on the machine base and is used for measuring the shaft diameter of the shaft to be measured; the measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of cutters, and the plurality of pairs of cutters can move along the axial direction of the shaft to be measured so as to realize synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured.

In one embodiment, the measurement mechanism further comprises: a fixed beam; the linear guide rail pairs are arranged on the fixed beam in an extending manner along the first direction and are connected with the plurality of cutter rules in a sliding manner along the first direction; the fixed ends of the first driving cylinders are fixed on the fixed beam, and the driving ends of the first driving cylinders are correspondingly connected with the plurality of cutters one by one; the first driving cylinder can drive the corresponding cutter to move to a preset measuring position.

In one embodiment, the measurement mechanism further comprises: the sliding rail is arranged at the top end of the machine base along the second direction and is in sliding connection with the fixed beam in the second direction; and the fixed end of the second driving cylinder is fixed on the sliding rail, and the driving end of the second driving cylinder is connected with the fixed beam and can drive the fixed beam to slide on the sliding rail along the second direction.

In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism comprises two lifting assemblies which are arranged at intervals in the second direction, and the two lifting assemblies can synchronously lift the shaft to be tested in the third direction.

In one embodiment, the lifting assembly includes: the connecting seat is arranged at the bottom of the stand; the fixed end of the third driving cylinder is arranged on the connecting seat; the carrier roller is connected with the driving end of the third driving cylinder; the third driving cylinder can drive the shaft to be tested to lift in a third direction.

In one embodiment, the lifting assembly further comprises a guide shaft disposed on the connecting base and slidably connected to the carrier roller in a third direction.

In one embodiment, the centering rotation mechanism includes: the driving end centering mechanism is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the machine base in a second direction and is used for positioning a center hole at one end of the shaft to be tested; the driven end centering mechanism is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the machine base in the second direction and is arranged at intervals with the driving end centering mechanism in the second direction, and the driven end centering mechanism is used for positioning a center hole at the other end of the shaft to be tested; the driving end centering mechanism is matched with the driven end centering mechanism so as to axially position the shaft to be measured between the driving end centering mechanism and the driven end centering mechanism.

In one embodiment, the active end centering mechanism comprises: the first sliding structure is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the machine base; the first driving structure is connected with the first sliding structure and the bottom end of the base and is used for driving the first sliding structure to slide; and the first positioning structure is arranged on the first sliding structure and is used for positioning a center hole at one end of the shaft to be tested.

In one embodiment, the driven end centering mechanism comprises: the second sliding structure is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the machine base; the second driving structure is connected with the second sliding structure and the bottom end of the base and is used for driving the second sliding structure to slide; and the second positioning structure is arranged on the second sliding structure and is used for positioning the central hole at the other end of the shaft to be tested.

In one embodiment, the stand comprises: a base; the upright post is arranged on the base; the cross beam is arranged at the top end of the upright post; wherein, elevating system sets up on the base, and is located the inboard of stand, and measuring mechanism sets up on the crossbeam.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the measuring mechanism is internally provided with the multiple pairs of cutters, and the synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured can be realized by moving the multiple pairs of cutters to the preset test position. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the test precision, the test efficiency of the shaft diameter measuring device is improved. The problem of lower test efficiency caused by the fact that different axial positions of a shaft to be tested cannot be synchronously measured in the prior art is avoided.

Drawings

The utility model will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a structure of a journal measuring device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the structure of a wheel set lifting mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the structure of a wheel set lift mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the wheel set lift mechanism (showing a centering rotation mechanism) in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a driven end centering mechanism of a centering rotation mechanism in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a drive end centering mechanism of a centering rotation mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the structural composition of a measuring mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

10. a base; 11. a base; 12. a column; 13. a cross beam; 20. a lifting mechanism; 21. a lifting assembly; 211. a connecting seat; 212. a third driving cylinder; 213. a carrier roller; 214. a guide shaft; 30. a centering rotation mechanism; 31. a drive end centering mechanism; 311. the connecting slide seat; 312. a sliding guide rail pair; 313. a center; 314. the elastic shaft end is provided with a threaded hole positioning pin; 315. a speed reducer; 32. a driven end centering mechanism; 40. a measuring mechanism; 41. a knife ruler; 42. a linear guide rail pair; 43. a first driving cylinder; 44. a fixed beam; 45. a slide rail; 46. a second driving cylinder; 47. a displacement sensor.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that, in the present utility model, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in fig. 1, the second direction is a horizontal direction in fig. 1, and the third direction is a vertical direction in fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the present utility model provides a shaft diameter measuring device, which includes a machine base 10, a lifting mechanism 20, a centering rotation mechanism 30, and a measuring mechanism 40. The lifting mechanism 20 is arranged on the machine base 10, and the lifting mechanism 20 is used for lifting the shaft diameter of the shaft to be tested; the centering rotating mechanism 30 is arranged on the machine base 10, and the centering rotating mechanism 30 is used for measuring and positioning a shaft to be measured; the measuring mechanism 40 is arranged on the machine base 10, and the measuring mechanism 40 is used for measuring the shaft diameter of the shaft to be measured; the measuring mechanism 40 comprises a plurality of pairs of cutters 41, and the plurality of pairs of cutters 41 can move along the axial direction of the shaft to be measured so as to realize synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured.

In the above arrangement, the measuring mechanism 40 is provided with the plurality of pairs of cutters 41, and the synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of the different axial positions of the shaft to be measured can be realized by moving the plurality of pairs of cutters 41 to the preset test position. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the test precision, the test efficiency of the shaft diameter measuring device is improved. The problem of lower test efficiency caused by the fact that different axial positions of a shaft to be tested cannot be synchronously measured in the prior art is avoided.

The machine base 10 is usually fixed on the ground, and serves as a supporting base of the shaft diameter measuring device for fixing and supporting the elevating mechanism 20, the centering rotation mechanism 30, and the measuring mechanism 40. Positioning and centering of the shaft to be measured can be achieved through the cooperation of the lifting mechanism 20 and the centering rotating mechanism 30.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, in one embodiment, the measuring mechanism 40 further includes a fixed beam 44, a plurality of linear guide pairs 42, and a plurality of first driving cylinders 43. Wherein, a plurality of linear guide pairs 42 are arranged on the fixed beam 44 along the first direction in an extending way, and the plurality of linear guide pairs 42 are connected with a plurality of cutter bars 41 in a sliding way along the first direction; the fixed ends of the plurality of first driving cylinders 43 are fixed on the fixed beam 44, and the driving ends of the plurality of first driving cylinders 43 are connected with the plurality of cutters 41 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the first driving cylinder 43 can drive the corresponding blade 41 to move to a preset measuring position.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, in one embodiment, the measuring mechanism 40 includes three sets of linear guide pairs 42 disposed at intervals in the second direction, each set of linear guide pairs 42 includes two linear guide pairs 42, and one set of linear guide pairs 42 is slidably connected to one pair of blades 41 in the first direction.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, in one embodiment, the measuring mechanism 40 includes three first driving cylinders 43 disposed between the linear guide pair 42 and the blade 41.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the first driving cylinder 43 employs a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, in one embodiment, the measurement mechanism 40 further includes a slide rail 45 and a second drive cylinder 46. The sliding rail 45 is arranged at the top end of the stand 10 along the second direction, and the sliding rail 45 is in sliding connection with the fixed beam 44 along the second direction; the fixed end of the second driving cylinder 46 is fixed on the sliding rail 45, and the driving end of the second driving cylinder 46 is connected with the fixed beam 44 and can drive the fixed beam 44 to slide on the sliding rail 45 along the second direction. This achieves an overall sliding movement of the measuring mechanism 40 in the second direction.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, in one embodiment, the measuring mechanism 40 further includes a displacement sensor 47 fixed on the outer side of the linear guide rail pair 42, and determines the positions of the three cutter blades 41 according to the received wheel set information by the second driving cylinder 46, measures the dust-proof plate seat and the axle journal, and then measures the dust-proof plate seat and the axle journal again after the centering rotation mechanism 30 rotates 90 degrees by the driving wheel pair, and the two measurement data automatically determine whether the axle journal and the dust-proof plate seat are qualified or not through the program calculation of the control device integrated in the axle journal measuring device.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the lifting mechanism 20 includes two lifting assemblies 21 disposed at intervals in the second direction, and the two lifting assemblies 21 can synchronously lift the shaft to be tested in the third direction. Synchronous lifting of the shaft to be tested in the third direction can be achieved through the matched use of the two lifting assemblies 21.

It should be noted that, the two lifting assemblies 21 are externally connected with a control system, and the two lifting assemblies 21 are controlled to lift synchronously by the control system so as to ensure the levelness of the shaft to be tested.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the lifting assembly 21 includes a connection base 211, a third driving cylinder 212, and a carrier roller 213. Wherein, the connection seat 211 is arranged at the bottom of the stand 10; the fixed end of the third driving cylinder 212 is disposed on the connection base 211, and the carrier roller 213 is connected to the driving end of the third driving cylinder 212. The third driving cylinder 212 can drive the shaft to be measured to rise and fall in a third direction.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the third drive cylinder 212 may employ a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the roller material of the carrier roller 213 is nylon to prevent the surface from being scratched when contacting with the axle to be measured, and the journal measuring device further includes a control device, where the control device can determine the lifting stroke of the third driving cylinder 212 according to the received distance information data of the wheel set relative to the reference plane, and the lifting assemblies 21 on both sides support the axle body to be lifted to the same height, so that the axle (axle to be measured) of the wheel set is coaxial with the center 313 of the centering rotation mechanism 30, and the centering is completed.

When the hydraulic cylinder is adopted, the externally connected control system is a hydraulic control system. When the electric push rod is adopted, the externally connected control system is an electric control system.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the lifting assembly 21 further includes a guide shaft 214, and the guide shaft 214 is disposed on the connection seat 211 and slidingly connected with the idler roller 213 in the third direction. Among them, the guide shaft 214 has a guide function for ensuring that the third driving cylinder 212 can be smoothly extended and contracted in the third direction.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-6, in one embodiment, the centering rotation mechanism 30 includes a drive-end centering mechanism 31 and a driven-end centering mechanism 32. The driving end centering mechanism 31 is slidably connected with the bottom end of the stand 10 in the second direction and is used for positioning a center hole at one end of the shaft to be tested; the driven end centering mechanism 32 is slidably connected with the bottom end of the stand 10 in the second direction and is arranged at intervals with the driving end centering mechanism 31 in the second direction, and the driven end centering mechanism 32 is used for positioning a center hole at the other end of the shaft to be measured; the driving-end centering mechanism 31 cooperates with the driven-end centering mechanism 32 to axially position the shaft under test between the driving-end centering mechanism 31 and the driven-end centering mechanism 32.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, the drive end centering mechanism 31 includes a first slide structure, a first drive structure, and a first positioning structure. Wherein, the first sliding structure is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the stand 10; the first driving structure is connected with the first sliding structure and the bottom end of the stand 10, and is used for driving the first sliding structure to slide; the first positioning structure is arranged on the first sliding structure and is used for positioning a center hole at one end of the shaft to be tested.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, the first sliding structure includes a connecting slider 311 and a sliding rail pair 312, the connecting slider 311 is fixed at the bottom of the stand 10, the sliding rail pair 312 is slidably connected to the connecting slider 311, and the sliding rail pair 312 is provided with a first positioning structure.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, the first positioning structure includes a decelerator 315, a rotating electrical machine, a tip 313, and a threaded hole positioning pin 314 for the elastic shaft end around which the tip 313 is disposed. An apex 313 is arranged on the output end of the speed reducer 315, and the apex 313 is matched with a center hole at the end part of the shaft to be measured. The elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin 314 is matched with a threaded hole at the end of the shaft to be measured.

Specifically, in one embodiment, there are two elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pins 314, RE2 elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pins and RD2 elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pins, respectively. The RE2 elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin is suitable for locating one type of shaft to be detected, and the RD2 elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin is suitable for locating another type of shaft to be detected.

It should be noted that, the RE2 elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin and the RD2 elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin are respectively disposed at the left side and the right side of the center 313, when the wheel set is centered, the elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin 314 of the corresponding shaft type extends into the threaded hole, the elastic shaft end threaded hole locating pin 314 of the other shaft type is compressed and retracted, and the centering rotating mechanism 30 plays a role in centering the wheel set and rotating the wheel set by 90 degrees after measuring the journal size once.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the first driving structure is a cylinder for driving the first sliding structure.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the driven end centering mechanism 32 includes a second sliding structure, a second driving structure, and a second positioning structure. The second sliding structure is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the stand 10; the second driving structure is connected with the second sliding structure and the bottom end of the stand 10, and is used for driving the second sliding structure to slide; the second positioning structure is arranged on the second sliding structure and is used for positioning a central hole at the other end of the shaft to be tested.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, in one embodiment, the structure of the second sliding structure is substantially the same as the first sliding structure. The first drive structure and the second drive structure are substantially identical. The first positioning structure differs from the second positioning structure in that the second positioning structure is not provided with a rotating motor, a speed reducer and an elastic shaft end threaded hole positioning pin 314.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the stand 10 includes a base 11, a column 12, and a cross beam 13. Wherein, the upright post 12 is arranged on the base 11; the cross beam 13 is arranged at the top end of the upright post 12; wherein, elevating system 20 sets up on base 11, elevating system 20 sets up the inboard of stand 12, and measuring mechanism 40 sets up on crossbeam 13.

While the utility model has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the utility model. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shaft diameter measuring device, comprising:

a base; and

the lifting mechanism is arranged on the base and used for lifting the shaft diameter of the shaft to be tested; and

the centering rotating mechanism is arranged on the base and is used for measuring and positioning the shaft to be measured; and

the measuring mechanism is arranged on the base and is used for measuring the shaft diameter of the shaft to be measured;

the measuring mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of cutters, and the plurality of pairs of cutters can move along the axial direction of the shaft to be measured so as to realize synchronous measurement of the shaft diameter sizes of different axial positions of the shaft to be measured.

2. The shaft diameter measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring mechanism further comprises:

a fixed beam; and

the linear guide rail pairs are arranged on the fixed beam in an extending manner along the first direction, and are connected with the plurality of the cutters in a sliding manner along the first direction; and

the fixed ends of the first driving cylinders are fixed on the fixed beam, and the driving ends of the first driving cylinders are connected with the plurality of cutters in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the first driving cylinder can drive the corresponding cutter to move to a preset measuring position.

3. The shaft diameter measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the measuring mechanism further comprises:

the sliding rail is arranged at the top end of the base along the second direction and is in sliding connection with the fixed beam in the second direction; and

the fixed end of the second driving cylinder is fixed on the sliding rail, and the driving end of the second driving cylinder is connected with the fixed beam and can drive the fixed beam to slide along the sliding rail along the second direction.

4. The shaft diameter measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises two lifting assemblies which are arranged at intervals in the second direction, and the two lifting assemblies can synchronously lift the shaft to be measured in the third direction.

5. The shaft diameter measurement device of claim 4, wherein the lifting assembly comprises:

the connecting seat is arranged at the bottom of the base; and

the fixed end of the third driving cylinder is arranged on the connecting seat; and

the carrier roller is connected with the driving end of the third driving cylinder;

the third driving cylinder can drive the shaft to be tested to lift in a third direction.

6. The shaft diameter measuring device of claim 5, wherein the lifting assembly further comprises a guide shaft disposed on the connecting base and slidably coupled to the idler roller in a third direction.

7. The shaft diameter measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the centering rotation mechanism includes:

the driving end centering mechanism is connected with the bottom end of the machine base in a sliding manner in a second direction and is used for positioning a center hole at one end of the shaft to be tested; and

the driven end centering mechanism is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the machine base in the second direction and is arranged at intervals with the driving end centering mechanism in the second direction, and the driven end centering mechanism is used for positioning a center hole at the other end of the shaft to be tested;

the driving end centering mechanism is matched with the driven end centering mechanism so as to axially position the shaft to be measured between the driving end centering mechanism and the driven end centering mechanism.

8. The shaft diameter measurement device of claim 7, wherein the drive end centering mechanism comprises:

the first sliding structure is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the base; and

the first driving structure is connected with the first sliding structure and the bottom end of the base and is used for driving the first sliding structure to slide; and

the first positioning structure is arranged on the first sliding structure and is used for positioning a center hole at one end of the shaft to be tested.

9. The shaft diameter measurement device of claim 7, wherein the driven end centering mechanism comprises:

the second sliding structure is in sliding connection with the bottom end of the base; and

the second driving structure is connected with the second sliding structure and the bottom end of the base and is used for driving the second sliding structure to slide; and

the second positioning structure is arranged on the second sliding structure and is used for positioning the center hole at the other end of the shaft to be tested.

10. The shaft diameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises:

a base; and

the upright post is arranged on the base; and

the cross beam is arranged at the top end of the upright post;

the lifting mechanism is arranged on the base and located on the inner side of the upright post, and the measuring mechanism is arranged on the cross beam.