CN213714744U

CN213714744U - Multifunctional seeder test bench

Info

Publication number: CN213714744U
Application number: CN202023146431.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马彪; 黄杉; 李�昊; 俞传阳; 陈雪辉; 刘伟; 黄磊
Original assignee: Anhui Jianzhu University
Current assignee: Anhui Jianzhu University
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2020-12-24
Publication date: 2021-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-24

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional seeder test bench. This experiment rack includes: the device comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a mounting frame, a conveyor, a negative pressure adsorption device and a camera. Wherein, the motor is used for driving a seed sowing wheel of the seeder; the speed reducer is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor; the torque sensor is used for measuring the torque of the seed sowing wheel in different rotating states; the negative pressure adsorption device comprises a negative pressure groove, an air pipe, a gas one-way valve and a vacuum pump; the negative pressure groove is arranged in the conveyor, and the upper opening of the negative pressure groove is abutted against the back surface of the upper stainless steel mesh belt in the conveyor; the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove is communicated with a vacuum pump through an air pipe; the gas one-way valve is arranged at the position of the connecting end of the negative pressure groove and the gas pipe; the vacuum pump is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the negative pressure groove. The test bench can effectively solve the problems of seed jumping, seeder torque detection and inconvenient motor speed regulation in the test process.

Description

Multifunctional seeder test bench

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional seeder test bench.

Background

The seeder is a seed sowing agricultural machine which can accurately control the sowing quantity, the row spacing and the sowing depth; the machine can replace manual work to complete large-area seed sowing operation, and has the advantages of uniform sowing and high efficiency. Common grains such as soybean, corn, peanut and the like can be sown by using a related seeder.

The research and development design process of the seeder needs to be tested, and parameters of the seeder, such as sowing distance, sowing density and the like, are tested; the testing process includes in-room testing, which is typically done on a test bench in a laboratory, and field testing. Conventional test benches typically include a mounting rack, a camera, and a conveyor. During testing, the moving conveyor is used for simulating the ground, the seeder is fixed on the mounting frame, the camera is used for shooting the seed falling point sowed by the seeder, and the performance parameters of the seeder are analyzed in combination with images. The test bench can well solve the test problem of the seeder, but still has the following defects: 1. the conventional test bench cannot test the real-time speed regulating system of the seeding motor. 2. The variation of the motor torque under different quantities cannot be measured. 3. The seed takes place to beat easily when falling on the conveyer, is unfavorable for carrying out accurate the snatching to the falling point of seed, is unfavorable for collecting the seed simultaneously. In addition, the traditional test bed also applies the sexual substance on a conveyor belt to solve the bouncing problem of the seeds; this easily causes contamination of the equipment and seeds, which is not conducive to recycling of the seeds.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Problem to current technical scheme existence, the utility model aims to provide a multifunctional seeder test bench, this test bench can effectively solve in the test process seed and beat, seeder torque detection and the inconvenient problem of motor speed regulation.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a multi-functional seeder test bench, this test bench includes: the device comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a mounting frame, a conveyor, a negative pressure adsorption device and a camera.

Wherein, the motor is used for driving a seed sowing wheel of the seeder; the speed reducer is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor; the torque sensor is used for measuring the torque of the seed sowing wheel in different rotating states; the torque sensor is connected with a rotating shaft of the seed sowing wheel through a coupling, and an output shaft of the motor is sequentially connected with the speed reducer, the torque sensor and the seed sowing wheel. The mounting bracket is used for mounting the seeder, the camera, the motor, the speed reducer and the torque sensor. The conveyer is positioned below the mounting rack, and a seed falling point area in the seeder is positioned on the conveyer; the conveyor belt in the conveyor is a stainless steel mesh belt. The camera is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the viewing area of the camera comprises the whole area of the upper surface of the stainless steel mesh belt.

The negative pressure adsorption device comprises a negative pressure groove, an air pipe, a gas one-way valve and a vacuum pump, wherein the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove is funnel-shaped, the upper opening of the negative pressure groove is square, the negative pressure groove is arranged in the conveyor, and the upper opening of the negative pressure groove is abutted against the back surface of the upper stainless steel mesh belt; the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove is communicated with a vacuum pump through an air pipe; the gas one-way valve is arranged at the position of the connecting end of the negative pressure groove and the gas pipe; the vacuum pump is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the negative pressure groove.

The adsorption device can adsorb the seeds falling down, and prevents the seeds from rebounding and scattering, so that the quality of the acquired seed falling point image is higher.

Further, the mounting rack comprises a support rod, a seeder fixing rod and a camera fixing rod; the seeder fixed rod comprises a plurality of horizontal rods which are horizontally arranged, and mounting holes for fixedly connecting the seeder, the motor and the speed reducer are arranged on the horizontal rods; the camera fixing rod is positioned below the seeder fixing rod; the supporting rod is a vertical rod, the top of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the cross rod, and the bottom of the supporting rod is in contact with the ground; the seeding pipe of seeder extends to camera dead lever below.

Furthermore, the supporting rods, the seeder fixing rods and the camera fixing rods in the mounting frame are all aluminum profiles, and different rod pieces are fixedly connected through fasteners.

Adopt the mounting bracket of aluminium alloy and fastener connected mode equipment, for traditional welding mounting bracket, the dismouting carries out more easily, and is stronger to the adaptability of the seeder of different specifications, can accomplish the test process to different model seeders.

Further, the torque sensor is connected with the upper computer through an R485 bus, and the measured value of the torque sensor is uploaded to the upper computer. The camera is connected with the upper computer through a USB bus, and images acquired by the camera are uploaded to the upper computer. The host computer can replace the manual work to monitor the change of torque of seeding wheel, combines the seed placement image that the camera acquireed simultaneously, carries out the analysis to the seeding interval isoperformance of seeder.

Furthermore, the tail end of a seeding pipe of the seeding machine is arc-shaped, and the bending direction of the arc-shaped part of the seeding pipe points to the running direction of the conveyor.

The arc-shaped part at the tail end of the sowing pipe enables the speed of seeds along the vertical direction to be reduced when the seeds fall down, and meanwhile, the arc-shaped part has the forward movement speed, so that the rebound tendency of the seeds falling onto the stainless steel mesh belt is greatly reduced, and the problem of splashing of the seeds is partially solved.

Further, the diameter of the mesh in the stainless steel mesh tape is smaller than the diameter of the seed for testing.

The mesh in the stainless steel mesh belt can limit the seeds, so that the seeds are kept at the first falling point, the seeds are prevented from rolling, and the reliability of the obtained falling point image is higher.

Further, the camera selects a high-speed industrial camera based on a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor. Compared with a common camera, the high-speed camera has the advantages of high image stability, high transmission capability, high anti-interference capability and the like.

Further, the tail end of the conveyor belt is also provided with a seed collecting tank. The seed collecting tank can carry out automatic collection to the seed of conveyer tail end, prevents that the seed from rolling down.

Further, the seeding pipe is connected with a seed discharge port of the seeder through the hoop. The adoption of the detachable connection mode is convenient for adjusting and replacing the seeding tube.

The utility model provides a pair of multifunctional seeder test bench has following beneficial effect:

the multifunctional test bench has the functions of monitoring and adjusting parameters such as motor rotating speed, torque and the like in the running process of the seeder; meanwhile, the data of the seeding distance and the seeding density can be obtained, and whether faults such as seed leakage, germplasm blockage and the like occur or not is analyzed; the functions are very rich, and the performance is very stable and reliable.

Furthermore, the utility model provides a test bench can also effectively solve the seeding simulation in-process, and the seed spring of emergence, the scheduling problem that splashes effectively promote the accuracy and the reliability of the effect are scattered to the seeder that acquires. Meanwhile, the sown seeds are convenient to collect and recycle. The test bench provided by the utility model has strong adaptability, and can complete the test for various types and purposes of seeders; the testing efficiency is very high.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a test stand of a multi-function seeding machine according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a negative pressure adsorption device in the multi-functional planter test stand of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a belt in the test stand of the multi-purpose seeder in accordance with example 1;

labeled as: 1. a mounting frame; 2. a seeding machine; 3. a speed reducer; 4. a motor; 5. a torque sensor; 6. a camera; 7. a conveyor; 8. an upper computer; 9. a seed collecting tank; 10. a seed sowing wheel; 11. seeding a pipe; 12. a support bar; 13. a seeder fixing rod; 14. a camera fixing rod; 15. a vacuum pump; 16. an air tube; 17. a gas check valve; 18. a negative pressure tank; 19. stainless steel mesh belt.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

In the present embodiment, there is provided a multifunctional seeder test stand, as shown in fig. 1, the test stand includes: motor 4, speed reducer 3, torque sensor 5, mounting bracket 1, conveyer 7, negative pressure adsorption equipment, and camera 6.

Wherein, the motor 4 is used for driving a seed sowing wheel 10 of the seeder 2; the speed reducer 3 is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 4; the torque sensor 5 is used for measuring the torque of the seed sowing wheel 10 in different rotation states; the torque sensor 5 is connected with a rotating shaft of the seed sowing wheel 10 through a coupler, and an output shaft of the motor 4 is sequentially connected with the speed reducer 3, the torque sensor 5 and the seed sowing wheel 10. The mounting frame 1 is used for mounting the seeder 2, the camera 6, the motor 4, the speed reducer and the torque sensor 5. The conveyor 7 is positioned below the mounting frame 1, and the falling point area of the seeds in the seeder 2 is positioned on the conveyor 7; the conveyor belt in the conveyor 7 is a stainless steel mesh belt 19. The camera 6 is mounted on the mounting frame 1, and the viewing area of the camera 6 includes the entire area of the upper surface of the stainless steel mesh belt 19.

As shown in fig. 2, the negative pressure adsorption device comprises a negative pressure groove 18, an air pipe 16, a gas one-way valve 17 and a vacuum pump 15, wherein the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove 18 is funnel-shaped, the upper opening of the negative pressure groove 18 is square, as shown in fig. 3, the negative pressure groove 18 is installed in the conveyor 7, and the upper opening of the negative pressure groove 18 is abutted against the back surface of an upper stainless steel mesh belt 19; the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove 18 is communicated with a vacuum pump 15 through an air pipe 16; the gas one-way valve 17 is arranged at the position of the connecting end of the negative pressure groove 18 and the gas pipe 16; the vacuum pump 15 is used to create a negative pressure environment for the negative pressure tank 18.

The mounting frame 1 comprises a support rod 12, a seeder fixing rod 13 and a camera fixing rod 14; the seeder fixed rod 13 comprises a plurality of horizontal rods which are horizontally arranged, and mounting holes for fixedly connecting the seeder 2, the motor 4 and the speed reducer 3 are arranged on the horizontal rods; the camera fixing rod 14 is positioned below the seeder fixing rod 13; the supporting rod 12 is a vertical rod, the top of the supporting rod 12 is fixedly connected with the cross rod, and the bottom of the supporting rod 12 is in contact with the ground; the sowing pipe 11 of the sowing machine 2 extends below the camera fixing lever 14.

When the test bed is used, an operator installs the seeder 2 on the test bed, sequentially connects a rotating shaft of the seed sowing wheel 10 in the seeder 2 with the torque sensor 5, the speed reducer 3 and the motor 4 through a shaft, and drives the seed sowing wheel 10 to rotate by the motor 4. Seeds for testing are put into a seed box of the seeder 2, equipment such as a negative pressure adsorption device, a conveyor 7, a camera 6 and the like are started, the movement speed of a conveyor belt in the conveyor 7 is set to be the conventional operation speed of traction equipment when the seeder works, and the conveyor 7 is used for simulating the ground, tractors and other traction equipment; the camera 6 can acquire data on the condition of the scattering in the seed sowing machine 2.

When seeder 2 tests, the seed falls down along seeder 2's seeding pipe 11, fall into on the stainless steel guipure 19 on the conveyer 7, mesh on the stainless steel guipure 19 has restricted the seed and has rolled, the air current that negative pressure adsorption equipment produced simultaneously makes the seed closely adsorbed in mesh department, this has guaranteed that the seed is fixed in first dropping point department, and does not take place to beat or splash, camera 6 acquires the image of conveyer belt top with predetermined frequency, thereby density is broadcast to the seed according to image analysis seeder 2, data such as the interval of broadcasting, and whether the observation has the condition such as miss-seeding or seeding anomaly.

In the test process, the torque sensor 5 can be used for measuring the torque required by the rotation of the lower discharge shaft under different seed quantity conditions in the seed box; the speed reducer can be used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 4, so that the rotating speed is suitable for the working requirement of the seeder, meanwhile, the torque of the motor 4 is increased, the torque requirement of the seeding apparatus is met, and the output of the motor 4 can also be adjusted through the controller of the motor 4.

The supporting rod 12, the seeder fixing rod 13 and the camera fixing rod 14 in the mounting rack 1 are all aluminum profiles, and different rod pieces are fixedly connected through fasteners.

Adopt the mounting bracket 1 of aluminium alloy and fastener connected mode equipment, for traditional welding mounting bracket 1, the dismouting carries out more easily, and is stronger to the adaptability of the seeder 2 of different specifications, can accomplish the test process to different model seeders 2.

In this embodiment, the torque sensor 5 is connected to the upper computer 8 through an R485 bus, and a measured value of the torque sensor 5 is uploaded to the upper computer 8. The camera 6 is connected with the upper computer 8 through a USB bus, and images acquired by the camera 6 are uploaded to the upper computer 8. The upper computer 8 in the embodiment is connected with a display, the upper computer 8 can replace manpower to monitor the torque change of the sowing wheel, and curves of the torque change under different observation conditions are drawn; meanwhile, the performances of the sowing density, the sowing distance and the like of the sowing machine 2 are analyzed by combining the seed falling point image acquired by the camera 6, and direct analysis data and the like are given.

The tail end of a seeding pipe 11 of the seeding machine 2 is arc-shaped, and the bending direction of the arc-shaped part of the seeding pipe 11 points to the running direction of the conveyor 7. The arc-shaped part at the tail end of the seeding pipe 11 enables the speed of the seeds along the vertical direction to be reduced when the seeds fall down, the rebound tendency of the seeds falling onto the stainless steel mesh belt 19 is greatly reduced, and the problem of splashing of the seeds is solved to a certain extent; meanwhile, the seeding pipe 11 is designed to be arc-shaped according to the running direction of the conveying belt, so that the seeds have an initial speed similar to that of the conveying belt, and the test result is ensured to be more accurate.

The diameter of the mesh in the stainless steel mesh tape 19 in this embodiment is smaller than the diameter of the seed for testing. The mesh holes in the stainless steel mesh belt 19 can limit the seeds, so that the seeds are kept at the first falling point and prevented from rolling, and the reliability of the acquired falling point image is higher.

The camera 6 selects a high-speed industrial camera 6 based on a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor. Compared with the common camera 6, the high-speed camera 6 has high image stability, high transmission capability, high anti-interference capability and the like.

The tail end of the conveyor belt is also provided with a seed collecting groove 9. The seed collecting groove 9 can automatically collect the seeds at the tail end of the conveyor 7, so that the seeds are prevented from rolling off. In the test process, when the seed removed the conveyer belt tail end, negative pressure adsorption effect eliminated automatically, and the seed can fall into in the seed collecting vat 9 automatically under the action of gravity.

The seeding pipe 11 is connected with a seed discharge port of the seeder through a hoop. The use of such a detachable connection facilitates adjustment and replacement of the seeding tube 11.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional seeder test bench which characterized in that, it includes:

a motor;

the speed reducer is connected between an output shaft of the motor and a seed sowing wheel of the seeder;

the torque sensor is used for measuring the torque of the seed sowing wheel in different rotating states; the torque sensor is connected with a rotating shaft of the seed sowing wheel through a coupling;

the mounting frame is used for mounting the seeder, the motor, the speed reducer and the torque sensor;

a conveyor located below the mounting frame, a drop point area of seeds in the planter being located on the conveyor; the conveying belt in the conveyor is a stainless steel mesh belt;

the negative pressure adsorption device comprises a negative pressure groove, an air pipe, a gas one-way valve and a vacuum pump, wherein the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove is funnel-shaped, the upper opening of the negative pressure groove is square, the negative pressure groove is arranged in the conveyor, and the upper opening of the negative pressure groove is abutted to the back surface of the upper stainless steel mesh belt; the inner cavity of the negative pressure groove is communicated with a vacuum pump through an air pipe; the gas one-way valve is arranged at the position of the connecting end of the negative pressure groove and the gas pipe; the vacuum pump is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the negative pressure tank; and

a camera mounted on the mounting frame, a viewing area of the camera including a total area of the upper surface of the stainless steel mesh belt.

2. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 1 wherein: the mounting rack comprises a supporting rod, a seeder fixing rod and a camera fixing rod; the seeder fixing rod comprises a plurality of horizontally arranged cross rods, and mounting holes for fixedly connecting the seeder, the motor and the speed reducer are formed in the cross rods; the camera fixing rod is positioned below the seeder fixing rod; the supporting rod is a vertical rod, the top of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the cross rod, and the bottom of the supporting rod is in contact with the ground; the seeding pipe of seeder extends to camera dead lever below.

3. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 2 wherein: the support rod, the seeder fixed rod and the camera fixed rod in the mounting frame are all aluminum profiles, and the different rod pieces are fixedly connected through fasteners.

4. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 1 wherein: the torque sensor is connected with an upper computer through an R485 bus, and the measured value of the torque sensor is uploaded to the upper computer.

5. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 4 wherein: the camera is connected with the upper computer through a USB bus, and images acquired by the camera are uploaded to the upper computer.

6. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 1 wherein: the tail end of a seeding pipe of the seeding machine is arc-shaped, and the bending direction of the arc-shaped part of the seeding pipe points to the running direction of the conveyor.

7. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 1 wherein: the diameter of the mesh in the stainless steel mesh tape is smaller than the diameter of the seed for testing.

8. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 1 wherein: the camera selects a high-speed industrial camera based on a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor.

9. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 1 wherein: the tail end of the conveyor belt is also provided with a seed collecting tank.

10. The multifunction planter test stand of claim 2 wherein: the seeding pipe is connected with a seed discharge port of the seeder through a hoop.