CN213625463U - Three-dimensional ecological landscape system for coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt in three gorges reservoir area - Google Patents
Three-dimensional ecological landscape system for coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt in three gorges reservoir area Download PDFInfo
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- CN213625463U CN213625463U CN202022056285.4U CN202022056285U CN213625463U CN 213625463 U CN213625463 U CN 213625463U CN 202022056285 U CN202022056285 U CN 202022056285U CN 213625463 U CN213625463 U CN 213625463U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological environment construction, a three-dimensional ecological landscape system in three gorges reservoir area coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt is disclosed. And a three-dimensional ecological structure is formed by performing zonal treatment according to high level through the introduction of ecological measures. Planting flooding-resistant arbor, flooding-resistant shrub and tall herbaceous plants suitable for the elevations according to different elevation distributions; a three-dimensional ecological plant fence net is woven in the hard lattice slope protection by a warp and weft weaving method, and an ecological bank protection construction method mainly based on a plant structure is formed by a transverse and longitudinal weaving method; the whole facade structure achieves composite functions from the aspects of biological habitat, pollution interception, landscape beautification optimization and the like by utilizing comprehensive ecological technical means such as plate-groove type, paving type, climbing type, suspension type and the like in the vertical retaining wall area at the upper part. Functional association exists between the ecological measures of the whole height zoning, and finally the three-dimensional ecological structure can generate more comprehensive ecological system services.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological environment construction, especially, relate to a three-dimensional ecological landscape system in three gorges reservoir area coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt.
Background
At present, due to the requirements of flood control, dredging, shipping and the like, the three gorges project carries out the operation mode of 'storing, cleaning and discharging muddy', namely low water level operation in summer (145m) and high water level operation in winter (175 m). Thus, reservoir hydro-fluctuation zones with fluctuation range as high as 30m opposite to natural river fluctuation season are formed on both sides of the reservoir area with the elevation of 145-175 m. Meanwhile, the situation of passing of summer floods exists, the water passing level is different every year, 2018 is taken as an example, the water level of the summer floods passing through the Chongqing main urban area is up to 184.3 meters, and the experiment is also a great test for the growth of plants on two river bank zones. At present, the common coastal river is mainly hard embankment engineering, the engineering revetment is constructed by simplified vegetation, and a small amount of ecological engineering technology is used; the lower coastal river hydro-fluctuation zone is eroded by long-time deep water submergence in winter and repeated flood peak crossing in summer, so that the vegetation community is poor, the invasion of foreign invasive species is serious, and the whole area does not form a complete ecological structure yet and cannot provide more complex ecological functions.
It is also only on two-dimensional level that there is no longitudinal and vertical ecological landscape construction, and conventional techniques ignore the considerations of natural vegetation construction and biodiversity construction.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: at present, the common Binjiang is mainly a hard dike project, and a small amount of ecological engineering technology is used; it is also only on two-dimensional level, there is no longitudinal and vertical ecological space construction, and conventional techniques ignore the considerations of natural vegetation construction and biodiversity construction.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the natural ecological plant community needs to be planted on a hard coastal river structure to form a sustainable natural plant community under natural force, and meanwhile, the plants can survive in adverse conditions and exert corresponding ecological benefits when facing scouring of flood peak passing and deep water flooding in three gorges reservoir areas in winter.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the ecological system of the healthy natural river bank plays the ecological service function, forms a natural sustainable river bank environment, has multiple functions of improving the variety of species in the hydro-fluctuation belt area, beautifying and optimizing the landscape, stabilizing the river bank slope protection, purifying and intercepting surface runoff and the like, and is also the construction of a natural buffer zone for protecting the water resource of the Yangtze river.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a three-dimensional ecological landscape system in three gorges reservoir area coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt.
The utility model discloses a realize like this, a three-dimensional ecological landscape system in three gorges reservoir area coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt, three-dimensional ecological landscape system in three gorges reservoir area coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt is provided with ecological bank protection engineering, the flood-resistant herbaceous plant is planted to the regional first layer of ecological bank protection engineering, plants the high grass herbaceous card on herbaceous plant and opens reed conglomeration cubic, plant the arbor and the bush of flood-resistant arbor and bush on the herbaceous plant, the arbor and the bush of institute tree support through pine stake triangle-shaped and reach solid tree effect.
Wave-proof hard revetments are distributed on the upper part of the ecological revetments project, 300mm x 600mm x 300mm gabion mesh structures are laid on the surfaces of the hard revetments project by breaking the hard structures, flooding-resistant shrubs, namely salix cheilowii is planted between gabions and gabion gaps, and finally berus dactylon seeds are sown between the gaps.
The upper side of the wave-proof hard revetment is provided with a rhombic lattice slope protection belt, the rhombic lattice slope protection belt is woven by a warp and weft weaving method, the vertical strips are warp strips, the horizontal strips are weft strips, and the warp strips and the weft strips are connected into a plant three-dimensional biological fence network. Planting plants in the three-dimensional biological fence network lattice in sections, and planting ornamental grass and shade-tolerant plants in the first section; in the second stage, planting water-flooding resistant shrubs, ornamental grass and ornamental flower plants; and in the third stage, flooding-resistant arbor, high grass, low grass and ornamental flowers are planted.
The slope protection area upside is provided with the vertical type barricade, through "climbing formula", "formula of hanging down", "board slot type", "attach the frame formula", "tiling formula", "modular", "towed" firm plant substrate in the vertical type barricade, plant in the matrix, its characterized in that, it forms three-dimensional plant community to reach whole wall.
Combine foretell all technical scheme, the utility model discloses the advantage that possesses and positive effect are:
first, the utility model discloses well ecological bank protection engineering implements to distribute on the elevation region and has the stereoplasm bank protection of preventing unrestrained, and the stereoplasm bank protection upside of preventing unrestrained is provided with rhombus sash bank protection area, and the bank protection area upside is provided with the vertical type barricade, makes this system have three-dimensional plant planting, not only can depend on stereoplasm slope protection structure, can resist summer flood washing and deep water in winter simultaneously and submerge, makes three gorges reservoir area hydro-fluctuation belt region have important ecological action.
Second, the utility model discloses well stereoplasm revetment borrows for reference the ecological wisdom (like the wisdom of bamboo cage stone) of city river weir, and disciplines such as comprehensive engineering mechanics, river ecology and botany protect the river bank, form the ecological comprehensive restoration technique of complex river bank of compriseing engineering and plant. The effects of ecological softening of hard revetment, stabilization of river bank, vegetation restoration, biodiversity improvement, landscaping of urban river bank and the like are achieved by building bamboo gabion stones and planting plants.
Third, the utility model discloses through "climbing formula", "overhanging type", "board slot type", "attach the frame formula", "tiling formula", "modular", "towed" firm plant substrate in well vertical type barricade, plant the plant in the matrix, its characterized in that, reach whole wall and form three-dimensional plant community, form a multi-dimensional, many-band, multi-functional three-dimensional ecological space that the level is abundant.
Fourth, the utility model discloses well bank protection area uses branch and weeds as raw and other materials, adopts the longitude and latitude weaving method to compile, and the vertical retort is the warp strip, and the horizontal retort is the weft strip, forms warp strip and weft strip and even becomes three-dimensional plant hedge network. The first stage, planting ornamental grass and shade-tolerant plant; second, planting plants with flooding-resistant shrubs, ornamental grass and ornamental flower plants; and in the third stage, the plants are planted with flooding-resistant arbor, tall grass, short grass and ornamental flowers.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional ecological landscape system in a coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt in a three gorges reservoir area provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an elevation band; 2. hard bank protection; 3. a slope protection belt; 4. an upright retaining wall.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
To the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a three-dimensional ecological landscape system in three gorges reservoir area coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt, it is right to combine the figure below the utility model discloses do detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional ecological landscape system for the coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt in the three gorges reservoir area provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: elevation area 1, stereoplasm revetment 2, bank protection area 3, vertical type barricade 4.
Be provided with stereoplasm bank protection 2 on the elevation area 1, 2 upsides of stereoplasm bank protection are provided with slope protection area 3, and 3 upsides in slope protection area are provided with perpendicular bank protection 4. Planting water-flooding-resistant arbors, shrubs and high-herbaceous plants in the area of the elevation zone 1 within 172-175 meters; performing wave-proof hard bank protection on the hard bank protection 2, wherein the wave-proof hard bank protection comprises bamboo gabion stone masonry and plant planting, and the wave-proof hard bank protection is between 175 and 178 meters; the revetment 3 is weaved by a warp and weft weaving method, the vertical strips are warp strips, the horizontal strips are weft strips, the warp strips and the weft strips are connected into a three-dimensional plant fence network, the rhombus lattice revetment is arranged between 178-groove 185 meters, and vegetation is planted; plants are planted in the plant substrate through the 'climbing type', 'hanging type', 'plate groove type', 'attached frame type', 'laid type', 'modular' and 'traction type' stable plant substrate in the vertical retaining wall 4, and the vertical retaining wall is characterized in that the whole wall surface forms a three-dimensional plant community, and the vertical retaining wall is 185-191 m.
In the embodiment, the ecological bank protection project plants trees, shrubs and high-herbaceous plants which are resistant to water logging, and the planting distance is between 172 and 175 meters.
In the embodiment, the wave-proof hard revetment comprises masonry of bamboo gabion and plant planting, and is between 175 and 178 meters.
In this embodiment, the slope protection strip is woven by warp and weft knitting, the vertical strips are warp strips, the horizontal strips are weft strips, and the warp strips and the weft strips are connected to form a three-dimensional plant fence network.
In this embodiment, the slope protection zone with diamond-shaped sashes is between 178-185 meters, and the vegetation planted comprises:
planting ornamental grass and shade-tolerant plants by 180-185-meter plants;
planting water flooding resistant shrubs, ornamental grass and ornamental flower plants by using the 180-plus 183-rice plants;
178-.
In the embodiment, the vertical retaining wall stabilizes the plant matrix by climbing, hanging, plate groove, attached frame, paving, modular and traction, and plants are planted in the matrix, and the vertical retaining wall is characterized in that the whole wall surface forms a stereoscopic plant community, and the vertical retaining wall is between 185 and 191 meters.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Water flooding resistant arbors, shrubs and tall grass plants were planted at elevation zone 172-. (elevation as Wurime elevation)
In 175-plus 178-meter hard revetment, the riverside is protected by referring to the ecological wisdom (such as wisdom of bamboo cage stones), the comprehensive engineering mechanics, the river ecology, the botany and other subjects, and a composite riverside ecological comprehensive restoration technology consisting of engineering and plants is formed. The effects of ecological softening of hard revetment, stabilization of river bank, vegetation restoration, biodiversity improvement, landscaping of urban river bank and the like are achieved by building bamboo gabion stones and planting plants.
The 178-plus-185-meter slope protection belt takes branch strips and weeds as raw materials, and is woven by a warp and weft weaving method, wherein the vertical strips are warp strips, and the horizontal strips are weft strips. The warp strips and the weft strips are connected to form a three-dimensional plant fence network.
180-185-meter plants are mainly ornamental grass and shade-tolerant plants;
planting water flooding resistant shrubs, ornamental grass and ornamental flower plants by using the 180-plus 183-rice plants;
178-.
The plants are covered on the wall surface by combining the technologies of climbing, overhanging, plate groove, attached frame, paving, modular and traction on the 185-191-meter vertical slope protection to form a multi-dimensional, multi-band and multifunctional three-dimensional ecological space with rich plant community layers.
The utility model discloses apply to the three-dimensional ecological region in coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt with whole ecosystem's design theory, use on the horizontal dimension in riverbank area rigid structure region such as perpendicular barricade, rhombus cement check frame that cities and towns coastal river space and hydro-fluctuation belt are common, cement revetment of some hardnesses, still be applied to horizontal hydro-fluctuation belt river flood plain region simultaneously, carry out according to the three-dimensional ecological structure that the height zonation formed through the introduction of ecological measure. Planting flooding-resistant arbor, flooding-resistant shrub and tall herbaceous plants suitable for the elevations according to different elevation distributions; a three-dimensional ecological plant fence net is woven in the hard lattice slope protection by a warp and weft weaving method, and an ecological bank protection construction method mainly based on a plant structure is formed by a transverse and longitudinal weaving method; the whole facade structure achieves composite functions from the aspects of biological habitat, pollution interception, landscape beautification optimization and the like by utilizing comprehensive ecological technical means such as plate-groove type, paving type, climbing type, suspension type and the like in the vertical retaining wall area at the upper part. Functional association exists between the ecological measures of the whole height zoning, and finally the three-dimensional ecological structure can generate more comprehensive ecological system services.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system for the coastal river hydro-fluctuation belt in the three gorges reservoir area is characterized by being provided with:
ecological bank protection engineering;
performing bank protection and bank fixation by using different ecological engineering measures in different elevation intervals of the hydro-fluctuation belt; the lower part of the hydro-fluctuation belt is mainly based on natural restoration measures for planting flood-resistant trees; the middle-lower part is stabilized by ecological gabions for bank protection; planting water-flooding-resistant multi-season-phase flower plants in the middle area by using the ecological hedgerow net to fix soil; the upper vertical retaining wall area uses a foundation component to stabilize the plant matrix and plant drought-resistant and moisture-resistant plants.
2. The three-gorge reservoir coastal hydro-fluctuation belt three-dimensional ecological landscape system of claim 1, wherein the ecological gabion can achieve shore protection stability in a flood period, and plants survive and reservoir shore is stable in a high water storage level period of the three-gorge reservoir; the wave-proof hard revetment comprises bamboo gabion masonry, cross masonry of the Bingge gabion and plant planting in the middle.
3. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system in coastal hydro-fluctuation zones in the three gorges reservoir area according to claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional plant community is formed on the whole wall surface; plants are planted in the vertical retaining wall through a climbing type, a hanging type, a plate groove type, an attached frame type, a paving type, a module type and a traction type stable plant matrix.
4. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system in coastal river hydro-fluctuation belts in the three gorges reservoir area of claim 2, wherein a rhombic lattice revetment belt is arranged on the upper side of the wave-proof hard revetment, and the rhombic lattice revetment belt is planted with populations of trees and herbaceous plants, comprising:
the first stage, planting ornamental grass and shade-tolerant plant;
second, planting plants with flooding-resistant shrubs, ornamental grass and ornamental flower plants;
and in the third stage, the plants are planted with flooding-resistant arbor, tall grass, short grass and ornamental flowers.
5. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system in coastal hydro-fluctuation zones in the three gorges reservoir area of claim 1, wherein ecological bank protection engineering is performed in the area of the elevation zones of 172-.
6. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system in coastal river hydro-fluctuation zones in the three gorges reservoir area of claim 1, wherein the wave-resistant hard revetment is carried out at the hard revetment of 175-.
7. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system in coastal river hydro-fluctuation zones in the three gorges reservoir area of claim 1, wherein the revetment is woven by warp and weft weaving, the vertical bars are warp bars, the horizontal bars are weft bars, the warp bars and the weft bars are connected into a three-dimensional plant fence network, and the diamond-shaped lattice revetment zone is in 178-185 meters.
8. The three-dimensional ecological landscape system in the coastal river hydro-fluctuation zone of the three-gorges reservoir area according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional ecological space system in the coastal river hydro-fluctuation zone of the three-gorges reservoir area has a three-dimensional plant community formed on the whole wall surface, and the vertical retaining wall is 185-191 m.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114481954A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-13 | 重庆师范大学 | Multi-belt multifunctional protection system for hydro-fluctuation belt of river reservoir |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114481954A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-13 | 重庆师范大学 | Multi-belt multifunctional protection system for hydro-fluctuation belt of river reservoir |
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