CN213507040U - Device for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder. The device comprises a circulating reduction device, a separator, a slag-iron separation device and a reducing gas preparation device, wherein a gas outlet of the circulating reduction device is connected with the separator, a discharge hole of the separator is connected with the slag-iron separation device, and a gas outlet of the separator is connected with the reducing gas preparation device; the reducing gas preparation device comprises a decarbonization device, a gas reforming furnace and a gas generating furnace, wherein the gas outlet of the separator is respectively connected with the decarbonization device and the gas reforming furnace, the decarbonization device is connected with the gas reforming furnace, the gas generating furnace is connected with the gas reforming furnace, and the gas reforming furnace is connected with the circulating reduction device. Finally, the gas phase reduction of the iron ore powder and the slag iron separation are completed, and the preparation of high-quality direct reduced iron is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of iron and steel smelting, concretely relates to device of iron ore powder circulation reduction production direct reduction iron.
Background
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
At present, the steel production flow mainly comprises a long flow of a blast furnace and a converter. The blast furnace smelting process consumes a large amount of coke, but the coking coal resource is increasingly in short supply, and a large amount of pollutants are generated in the coking process. In addition, the blast furnace production process takes sinter as a main raw material, and a large amount of dust and SO are generated in the sintering processx、NOxAnd harmful gases such as dioxin. Therefore, the development of a new non-blast furnace ironmaking process is the key of green sustainable development of the steel industry, and the electric furnace smelting short-flow ironmaking process using scrap steel or direct reduced iron is the main development direction of future steel production. The direct reduced iron is widely used in the electric furnace smelting process, has stable chemical components and low harmful element content, can effectively dilute residual and mixed metal elements in steel, improves the quality of the steel, has high melting speed and low power consumption, can improve the smelting efficiency, shortens the smelting time and reduces the steelmaking cost. In 2019, the worldwide production of the direct reduced iron is about 1 hundred million tons, while the domestic production of the direct reduced iron is less than 60 million tons, and a large amount of direct reduced iron is imported every year. Currently, the mainstream direct reduced iron process is to produce direct reduced iron by using a shaft furnace and natural gas. However, China has no abundant natural gas resources and lacks high-quality iron ore resources.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a device for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
in a first aspect, the device for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder comprises a circular reduction device, a separator, a slag-iron separation device and a reducing gas preparation device, wherein an air outlet of the circular reduction device is connected with the separator;
the reducing gas preparation device comprises a decarbonization device and a gas reforming furnace, wherein the gas outlet of the separator is respectively connected with the decarbonization device and the gas reforming furnace, the decarbonization device is connected with the gas reforming furnace, and the gas reforming furnace is connected with the circulating reduction device.
The gas phase and the iron ore powder flow reduction process are utilized, the reduction time is prolonged, the reduction effect is improved, and the high-quality direct reduced iron is obtained.
The gas generated by reduction is recycled, so that the recycling production of the direct reduced iron is realized.
The reducing gas has wide sources, and the hydrogen content of the reducing gas can be adjusted.
In a second aspect, a method for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder comprises the following specific steps:
mixing iron ore powder with reducing gas for reduction to obtain a solid product and a gas product;
the gas product and coal gas or methane are subjected to reforming reaction and then are recycled as reducing gas;
and separating the solid product to obtain the direct reduced iron.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) according to the condition that iron oxides in the iron ore powder are reduced into metallic iron, a circular reduction device is designed, sufficient reduction time of the iron ore powder is guaranteed, and the final product directly reduced iron is high in grade and few in impurities, belongs to a high-quality directly reduced iron product and has wide market prospect.
(2) A reducing gas generating system is designed according to the condition that iron oxides in iron ore powder are reduced into metallic iron, the source of the reducing gas is flexible and changeable, hydrogen-rich gas such as natural gas and coke oven gas can be used, low-hydrogen gas such as coal gas can be used, the gas source is wide, and the process is particularly suitable for the resource condition of rich coal and less gas in China and has wide application prospect.
(3) According to the condition that iron oxides in iron ore powder are reduced into metallic iron, the designed iron ore powder can utilize high-grade ore and low-grade ore, but the quality of the final product belongs to top grade, and the process is particularly suitable for resource conditions of less rich ore and more lean ore in China and has wide application prospect.
(4) The device has simple structure, low cost, universality and easy large-scale production.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention unduly.
FIG. 1 is a view showing the construction of an apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder;
wherein, 1, a decarbonization device; 2. a gas reformer; 3. a circulating reduction device; 4. a first mineral powder conveying device; 5. A second mineral powder conveying device; 6. a separator; 7. a hot pressing device; 8. melting and separating furnace; 9. a magnetic separation device; 10. a gas generating furnace; 11. circularly returning to the material inlet; 12. and an external discharge port.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the device for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder comprises a circular reduction device, a separator, a slag-iron separation device and a reducing gas preparation device, wherein an air outlet of the circular reduction device is connected with the separator;
the reducing gas preparation device comprises a decarbonization device and a gas reforming furnace, wherein the gas outlet of the separator is respectively connected with the decarbonization device and the gas reforming furnace, the decarbonization device is connected with the gas reforming furnace, and the gas reforming furnace is connected with the circulating reduction device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reducing gas preparation apparatus further comprises a gas generator connected to the gas reformer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the slag-iron separation device comprises a hot press device, a melting furnace and a magnetic separation device, which are connected in sequence, and the separator is connected with the hot press device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the discharge port of the separator is connected to the hot press device through a water cooling pipe.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the system further comprises a first ore powder conveying device, and the first ore powder conveying device is connected to the circulating reduction device.
The utility model discloses an in some embodiments, the bottom of circulation reduction device sets up the air inlet, and air inlet and reduction gas preparation facilities are connected, and bottom one side sets up the feed inlet, and the feed inlet is connected with first powdered ore conveyor, and the top and the separator of circulation reduction device are connected.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas reformer is connected to the bottom of the recycle reduction unit and the top of the recycle reduction unit is connected to the separator.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a second ore powder conveying device is further included, and the second ore powder conveying device is connected with the top of the circulating reduction device and the pipeline connecting the separator.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the separator is a cyclone separator, the recycling reduction device is connected to one side of the top of the separator, the discharge port of the separator is located at the bottom, and the bottom of the separator is connected to the slag-iron separation device and the recycling reduction device respectively.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the separator is provided with a circulation material return port and an external discharge port, the circulation material return port is connected with the circulation reduction device, and the external discharge port is connected with the slag-iron separation device.
In a second aspect, a method for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder comprises the following specific steps:
mixing iron ore powder with reducing gas for reduction to obtain a solid product and a gas product;
the gas product and methane or carbon source are subjected to reforming reaction, or are subjected to decarburization and then are mixed with coal gas to be recycled as reducing gas;
and separating the solid product to obtain the direct reduced iron.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reduction temperature of the iron ore powder and the reducing gas is 700-.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reducing gas discharged from the gas outlet of the reforming reaction device contains 30 to 100% by weight of CO and H2The weight content is 10-100%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the reforming reaction is 800-.
The utility model discloses an among some embodiments, the separation processing procedure is including carrying out the process that compression moulding, melt branch were handled, magnetic separation in proper order, and the in-process of compression moulding is cooled down and is handled.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the iron ore fines have a particle size of 30-250 microns. Most of the iron ore powder is below 200 meshes, so that the iron ore powder can be fully reduced in a short time.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the carbon source is pulverized coal or coke powder.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling and reducing iron ore powder comprises a recycling and reducing apparatus 3, a separator 6, a slag-iron separating apparatus and a reducing gas preparing apparatus, wherein an air outlet of the recycling and reducing apparatus 3 is connected with the separator 6, a discharge port of the separator 6 is connected with the slag-iron separating apparatus, and an air outlet of the separator 6 is connected with the reducing gas preparing apparatus;
the reducing gas preparation device comprises a decarbonization device 1, a gas reforming furnace 2 and a gas generating furnace 10, wherein the gas outlet of a separator 6 is respectively connected with the decarbonization device 1 and the gas reforming furnace 2, the decarbonization device 1 is connected with the gas reforming furnace 2, the gas generating furnace 10 is connected with the gas reforming furnace 2, and the gas reforming furnace 2 is connected with a circulating reduction device.
The circulating reduction device is a position where reduction reaction of iron ore powder and reducing gas occurs, the reducing gas preparation device conveys the reducing gas to the circulating reduction device, after the reduction reaction, the gas carries powder to enter the separator 6, in the separator 6, part of the iron ore powder continues to undergo the reduction reaction, the separation of the powder and the gas is gradually realized, the powder enters the slag-iron separation device, the gas enters the reducing gas preparation device, carbon dioxide and water vapor in the gas are removed, or reforming reaction occurs to obtain CO and H again2And the gas is returned to the circulating reduction apparatus as a reducing gas to reduce the iron ore powder as the reducing gas.
The iron ore powder is reduced in the circulating reduction device and the separator, so that the sufficient reduction time is ensured, and the higher reduction degree can be realized.
The existing direct reduced iron production process is to prepare by using a shaft furnace and natural gas, but the direct reduced iron can be obtained only by using the natural gas and high-quality iron ore resources.
In the device for producing direct reduced iron by circularly reducing iron ore powder, the decarbonization device can remove carbon dioxide and water vapor. The gas reformer can react carbon dioxide and steam with methane to produce CO and H2Or directly obtaining CO and H by using coal powder or coke powder in a gas generating furnace2So that the consumption of methane can be reduced, the content of CO in the reducing gas is improved, and higher H in the reducing gas is ensured2And (4) content. At the same time, even the common iron ore powder resource is in CO and H2Under the reduction action of the catalyst, a direct reduced iron product with better quality can be obtained.
The slag-iron separation device comprises a hot pressing device 7, a melting furnace 8 and a magnetic separation device 9 which are connected in sequence, and a discharge hole of the separator 6 is connected with the hot pressing device 7 through a water cooling pipeline.
The material discharged from the discharge port of the separator 6 is cooled (the temperature after cooling is 25-600 ℃) in the process of passing through a water cooling pipeline, and then enters a hot pressing device after being cooled, is pressed and formed in the hot pressing device, the material after being pressed and formed enters a melting furnace, the preliminary separation of iron slag is realized in the melting furnace, and then the material enters a magnetic separation device, the iron slag separation is further realized, and the high-quality direct reduced iron is obtained. Ensuring higher metallization rate and product quality.
The device also comprises a first mineral powder conveying device 4, and the first mineral powder conveying device 4 is connected with the circulating reduction device. The bottom of the circulating reduction device 3 is provided with an air inlet which is connected with a reduction gas preparation device, one side of the bottom of the circulating reduction device is provided with a feed inlet which is connected with the first mineral powder conveying device 4, and the top of the circulating reduction device is connected with the separator. And the second mineral powder conveying device 5 is connected with a pipeline connecting the top of the circulating reduction device and the separator, and the second mineral powder conveying device 5 is connected with the pipeline.
The bottom of the circular reduction device 3 is fed with gas and feed materials, then the gas carries the iron ore powder to move upwards, reduction reaction occurs in the process of moving upwards, and then the gas enters a separator.
In the process that the iron ore powder flows upwards, the problem of iron ore powder adhesion and flow loss is avoided, and the smooth operation of the device is ensured.
A second ore powder conveyor 5 is provided for replenishing some of the iron ore powder in the later stage.
In one embodiment, the circulation reduction unit 3 belongs to an ascending bed, the wall surface is designed as a heat-insulating wall surface, and the lining is built by refractory castable or refractory bricks; an outlet at the upper part of the circulating reduction device 3 is connected with the separator; the lower part of the circulating reduction device is provided with a mineral powder feeding port, the feeding port is a round-cutting feeding port, and the number of the feeding ports is more than 4.
The separator 6 is a cyclone separator, the circular reduction device 3 is connected with one side of the top of the separator 6, and the discharge hole of the separator 6 is positioned at the bottom. The cyclone separator enables separation of solid material of gas.
The bottom of the separator 6 is respectively provided with a circulating material return port 11 and an external material outlet 12, the solid material is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator, part of the discharged solid material returns to the circulating reduction device through the circulating material return port 11, and part of the discharged solid material enters the hot-pressing device 7 of the slag-iron separation device through the external material outlet 12.
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples
Example 1
1) Reducing gas production
Preparing reducing gas from coke oven gas and natural gas, heating the coke oven gas and the natural gas in a gas generating furnace to 700-1400 ℃, conveying the heated coke oven gas and the heated natural gas into a reforming device through an insulated pipeline, introducing part of the reduced gas and part of the decarbonized gas into a reforming furnace, and introducing the natural gas or CH in the coke oven gas into the reforming furnace4With CO2And H2Reforming O into CO and H2(ii) a At the same time, a certain amount of coal powder or coke powder and CO are injected into the reforming furnace2And H2Reaction of O to CO and H2(ii) a The main reaction occurring in the reformer is, CH4+CO2＝2CO+2H2，CH4+H2O＝CO+3H2，C+CO2＝2CO，C+H2O＝CO+H2. The temperature of the final reducing gas is 800-1300 ℃.
The coal powder or coke powder is used for preparing reducing gas, and in the gas generating furnace, the coal powder reacts with oxygen-enriched air and steam to generate CO and H2(ii) a The oxygen content of the air is between 21 and 100 percent, and the generated reducing gas component is CO>30％，H2>10 percent, and the temperature of the generated reducing gas is 700 ℃ and 1400 ℃; removing CO from the reacted gas by a decarbonization and dehydration device2And H2Introducing the mixture into a reforming device to be mixed with reducing gas after O; the main reaction taking place is C +0.5O2＝CO，C+CO2＝2CO， C+H2O＝CO+H2。
2) Reduction of ore powder
Adding iron ore powder through the lower part of the reduction section, wherein the reducing gas carries the iron ore powder to flow upwards, and iron oxide in the iron ore powder is gradually reduced into metallic iron in the flowing process; the reduced iron ore powder and the reducing gas enter a separator through a pipeline at the top of the reduction section; in the separator, the reacted gas flows out from the upper part of the separator, and the reduced iron ore powder flows out from the lower part of the separator; one part of the iron ore powder is returned to the reduction section through a feed back hole at the lower part of the separator and is further reduced, and the other part of the fully reduced iron ore powder is conveyed to a hot-pressing device through a feed back hole at the lower part of the separator; the main reaction occurring in the cyclic reduction apparatus is, 3Fe2O3+CO＝2Fe3O4+CO2，Fe3O4+CO＝3FeO+CO2， FeO+CO＝Fe+CO2，Fe2O3+CO＝2FeO+CO2，3Fe2O3+H2＝2Fe3O4+H2O， Fe3O4+H2＝3FeO+H2O，FeO+H2＝Fe+H2O，Fe2O3+H2＝2FeO+H2O。
3) Preparation of high purity direct reduced iron
Conveying the reduced iron ore powder to a hot pressing device through a water cooling pipeline, and cooling the iron ore powder to 25-700 ℃ under the action of water cooling to prevent secondary oxidation of the ore powder; iron ore powder is pressed and formed in a hot pressing device and then conveyed to a melting and separating furnace; realizes the separation of slag iron in a melting furnace, and unreacted FeO and SiO2And CaO and other impurities enter the slag to realize the primary purification of the reduced iron; and (4) feeding the primarily purified metallic iron into a magnetic separation device to realize deep purification, and finally obtaining a direct reduced iron product with the purity of more than 90%.
Example 2
In the step 1), the coke oven gas obtained by the gas generating furnace is introduced into a reforming device, the gas after reduction passes through a decarburization device, the gas after decarburization in the reforming device is mixed with the coke oven gas, and then the gas enters a circulating reduction device.
Example 3
In step 1), introducing natural gas obtained from the gas generating furnace into a reforming device, introducing partially reduced gas and partially decarbonized gas into a reforming furnace, and introducing CH in natural gas or coke oven gas in the reforming furnace4With CO2And H2Reforming O into CO and H2(ii) a At the same time, a certain amount of coal powder or coke powder and CO are injected into the reforming furnace2And H2Reaction of O to CO and H2(ii) a The main reaction occurring in the reformer is, CH4+CO2＝2CO+2H2， CH4+H2O＝CO+3H2. And the reacted gas enters a circulating reduction device.
Through the above embodiments, it can be seen that the gas generator can introduce any one or a mixture of two or three of natural gas, pulverized coal or coke powder and coal gas into the reformer. Is more suitable for the current situation of more coal and less gas.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of iron ore powder circulation reduction production direct reduction iron which characterized in that: the device comprises a circulating reduction device, a separator, a slag-iron separation device and a reducing gas preparation device, wherein a gas outlet of the circulating reduction device is connected with the separator, a discharge hole of the separator is connected with the slag-iron separation device, and a gas outlet of the separator is connected with the reducing gas preparation device;
the reducing gas preparation device comprises a decarbonization device and a gas reforming furnace, wherein the gas outlet of the separator is respectively connected with the decarbonization device and the gas reforming furnace, the decarbonization device is connected with the gas reforming furnace, and the gas reforming furnace is connected with the circulating reduction device.
2. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the reducing gas preparation device also comprises a gas generating furnace, and the gas generating furnace is connected with the gas reforming furnace.
3. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the slag-iron separation device comprises a hot pressing device, a melting furnace and a magnetic separation device which are connected in sequence, and the separator is connected with the hot pressing device.
4. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 3, wherein: the discharge port of the separator is connected with the hot-pressing device through a water-cooling pipeline.
5. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the first mineral powder conveying device is connected with the circulating reduction device.
6. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling and reducing iron ore powder according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the circulating reduction device is provided with an air inlet which is connected with the reduction gas preparation device, one side of the bottom of the circulating reduction device is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with the first mineral powder conveying device, and the top of the circulating reduction device is connected with the separator.
7. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the gas reforming furnace is connected with the bottom of the circulating reduction device, and the top of the circulating reduction device is connected with the separator.
8. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the second mineral powder conveying device is connected with a pipeline which is connected with the top of the circulating reduction device and the separator.
9. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the separator is a cyclone separator, the circulating reduction device is connected with one side of the top of the separator, the discharge hole of the separator is positioned at the bottom, and the bottom of the separator is respectively connected with the slag-iron separation device and the circulating reduction device.
10. The apparatus for producing direct reduced iron by recycling reduction of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the separator is respectively provided with a circulating feed back hole and an external discharge hole, the circulating feed back hole is connected with the circulating reduction device, and the external discharge hole is connected with the slag-iron separation device.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115261542A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-01 | 山东祥桓环境科技有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed direct reduction method and process for short-process smelting of coal powder and mineral powder |
| CN115820965A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-21 | 山东祥桓环境科技有限公司 | Energy-saving consumption-reducing system and method for hot mass circulation of molten reduced iron |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115261542A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-01 | 山东祥桓环境科技有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed direct reduction method and process for short-process smelting of coal powder and mineral powder |
| CN115820965A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-21 | 山东祥桓环境科技有限公司 | Energy-saving consumption-reducing system and method for hot mass circulation of molten reduced iron |
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