CN213357064U

CN213357064U - Vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation

Info

Publication number: CN213357064U
Application number: CN202021890230.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 施猛猛; 何起利; 王明秀; 陈萍; 罗世伟; 王绪寅
Original assignee: Zhejiang Wenyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Wenyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-02
Filing date: 2020-09-02
Publication date: 2021-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-02

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation, it includes potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit and vertical flow constructed wetland unit, the whole echelonment that is of potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit, potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit includes that inlet channel, one-level fall canal, second grade fall canal, tertiary fall canal, level four fall canal, five-level fall canal, vertical flow constructed wetland unit is including planting layer, one-level packing layer, second grade packing layer, tertiary packing layer, cobble layer, bottom collector pipe. The power required by operation is obtained through the potential energy of the water body, no extra energy consumption is caused, aeration reoxygenation is carried out in the falling process of the water body, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body is improved. The system has low construction and operation cost and simple management.

Description

Vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a vertical current constructed wetland technology.

Background

The artificial wetland technology is a process for treating sewage constructed by artificially configuring substrates, plants and microorganisms and simulating physical change, chemical change and the action thereof in a natural wetland ecosystem. The method has the characteristics of low construction and operation cost, long service life, low operation cost, high treatment efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to small-scale sewage treatment in recent years. The development of the artificial wetland technology at present appears vertical subsurface flow wetland, horizontal subsurface flow wetland and horizontal surface flow wetland in sequence, and the vertical subsurface flow and composite vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland are the most applied in China at present. However, the problems of easy blockage, low ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the like exist in the vertical undercurrent artificial wetting, so that the further popularization and application of the vertical undercurrent artificial wetting are limited.

In the vertical undercurrent type artificial wetland technology, as sewage is not in direct contact with air, dissolved oxygen cannot enter the wetland through gas-water transfer, and meanwhile, hygrophytes on the surface layer of the wetland cannot provide sufficient oxygen, the dissolved oxygen concentration inside the vertical undercurrent type artificial wetland is lower, so that the ammonia nitrogen nitrification and denitrification processes inside the artificial wetland are limited, the denitrification capacity of the wetland is reduced, the low dissolved oxygen concentration is not beneficial to the decomposition of organic matters inside the wetland, and the blockage inside the wetland is easy to cause. In order to improve the oxygen amount in the vertical undercurrent type artificial wetland, on one hand, the concentration of the organic matters entering the water is reduced by increasing a pretreatment facility, on the other hand, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the entering water is improved by pre-aeration to relieve blockage, the processes of organic matter decomposition, ammonia nitrogen nitration, denitrification and the like in the wetland are enhanced, and the overall treatment efficiency of the wetland is improved. The work of two aspects causes the problem that the construction and operation cost is high and the energy consumption is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is how to increase the dissolved oxygen content of the vertical flow constructed wetland, from this obtains a vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the vertical flow artificial wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation comprises a potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit and a vertical flow artificial wetland unit, wherein the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit is integrally in a step shape and comprises a water inlet pipeline, a first-level drop canal, a second-level drop canal, a third-level drop canal, a fourth-level drop canal and a fifth-level drop canal, the operation height of the water inlet pipeline is higher than that of the first-level drop canal, the port of the water inlet pipeline is positioned right above the first-level drop canal, the operation height of the first-level drop canal is higher than that of the second-level drop canal, the first-level drop canal is positioned above one side of the second-level drop canal, the operation height of the second-level drop canal is higher than that of the third-level drop canal, the second-level drop canal is positioned above one side of the third-level drop canal, the operation height of the third-level drop canal is higher than that of the fourth-level drop canal, and the operation height of the fourth-level drop canal, The three-level drop canal is positioned above one side of the four-level drop canal, the four-level drop canal is higher than the five-level drop canal in operation height, the four-level drop canal is positioned above one side of the five-level drop canal, the vertical flow artificial wetland unit comprises a planting layer, a first-level packing layer, a second-level packing layer, a third-level packing layer, a pebble layer and a bottom water collecting pipe, the planting layer, the first-level packing layer, the second-level packing layer, the third-level packing layer and the pebble layer are sequentially distributed in the gravity direction, the filler particle size of the first-level packing layer is larger than that of the second-level packing layer, the filler particle size of the second-level packing layer is larger than that of the third-level packing layer, the operation height of the first-level packing layer is at most the operation height of the five-level drop canal, a water passing pipe is arranged between the five-level drop canal and the vertical flow artificial wetland unit, and one end of the, The other end of the water passing pipeline is positioned in the primary filler layer, one end of the bottom water collecting pipe is positioned in the pebble layer, and the other end of the bottom water collecting pipe is used as a water outlet and positioned outside the vertical flow artificial wetland unit.

The technical scheme can rely on and utilize the potential energy to provide a sewage treatment system for the regions with the advantages of terrain, and can greatly reduce the sewage treatment cost of the regions. In the technical scheme, the direct-current constructed wetland system is of a stepped structure, water flow obtains high fall according to potential, and the water flow is fully contacted with air through the conversion of potential energy and kinetic energy during flowing, so that higher oxygen transfer efficiency is maintained, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a water body is improved. The number of the steps is a main positive factor for improving the oxygen content in the technical scheme, and the number of the first-stage drop channels can be increased according to the terrain.

The potential energy formed by the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit depending on the topographic height difference is used for falling aeration reoxygenation for the water body, and finally the vertical flow artificial wetland unit is used for treating sewage, therefore, the technical scheme is a sewage treatment technology with low energy consumption, strong pertinence, high efficiency and high reliability.

The system separates the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit and the vertical flow artificial wetland unit to enable the units to operate independently, can pre-treat substances easy to block in a water body, prevent the substances easy to block from entering the artificial wetland to cause blocking, can improve the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body to ensure the demand of aerobic microorganisms in the wetland for oxygen, can also maintain the anoxic space in the wetland to ensure the denitrification, and improves the water quality of the outlet water of the whole system.

Because the system is built according to the terrain, most of the vertical flow constructed wetland units are positioned underground, so that the sanitation problems of stink, mosquito breeding and the like are avoided, and the system is suitable for remote mountainous regions and hilly areas with certain gradients.

The water flow stagnation stage is the main stage for obtaining oxygen, and in the process, water is fully contacted with air. The length of the stagnation time and the shape of the water flow have obvious influence on the oxygen transfer efficiency, the oxygen transfer efficiency is weaker if the stagnation time of the water flow is short and the surface area of the water flow is small, and the oxygen transfer efficiency is very high if the stagnation time of the water flow is long and the surface area of the water flow is large. This technical scheme is in full contact with the air when falling in order to increase rivers, be equipped with equidistant distribution's water channel on the one-level drop canal towards this side of second grade drop canal, water channel is flat rectangle structure, this side of second grade drop canal towards third grade drop canal, this side of third grade drop canal towards fourth grade drop canal, this side of fourth grade drop canal towards fifth grade drop canal all are equipped with equidistant distribution's play water perforation for second grade drop canal, it is circular structure to go out the water perforation. When water flows through the water passage, a wide and thin water curtain is formed, and the surface area of the water flow is large; after the water flow passes through the water outlet perforation, the water flow is sprayed out at a high speed at the water outlet perforation due to the small aperture of the water outlet perforation, so that a long dead time is obtained; thereby providing conditions for the water to contact the air sufficiently as a whole.

Pebbles are paved at the bottoms of the first-level drop canal, the second-level drop canal, the third-level drop canal, the fourth-level drop canal and the fifth-level drop canal in order to provide substrates required by microorganisms; in order to remove the precipitated substances and adjust the water quality to prevent blockage, submerged plants are arranged in the five-level drop canal.

The technical scheme includes that a mixture of fly ash, slag and ceramsite is used as a composite filler, the composite filler is arranged in a second-level drop canal, a third-level drop canal and a fourth-level drop canal and covers the pebbles, the particle sizes of the composite filler used in the second-level drop canal, the third-level drop canal and the fourth-level drop canal are different, the particle size of the composite filler in the second-level drop canal is larger than that of the composite filler in the third-level drop canal, and the particle size of the composite filler in the third-level drop canal is larger than that of the composite filler in the fourth-level drop canal. Thereby removing inorganic particles and phosphorus salt in the water body. The technical characteristics of the multi-stage multi-particle size composite filler can realize the graded adsorption of particle pollutants in a water body and improve the adsorption efficiency, and on the other hand, the composite filler has large specific surface area and high content of active substances such as iron, magnesium, aluminum and the like, and can remove the phosphate in the sewage through diffusion adsorption and coordination exchange precipitation adsorption.

The utility model adopts the above technical scheme: the power required by operation is obtained through the potential energy of the water body, no extra energy consumption is caused, aeration reoxygenation is carried out in the falling process of the water body, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body is improved. The system has low construction and operation cost and simple management.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation of the utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a primary drop canal of a vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a secondary drop canal of the vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation comprises a potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit and a vertical flow constructed wetland unit, wherein the two units operate independently, the processing object of the vertical flow constructed wetland unit is from the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit, the working process of the vertical flow constructed wetland unit is not limited by the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit, meanwhile, the working process of the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit is not limited by the vertical flow constructed wetland unit.

The potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit is integrally in a step shape, the main body of the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit is a foundation built on a slope, and steps of each stage are separated by a water-tight partition plate, so that a structure for containing sewage is formed at the steps of each stage. The potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit comprises a water inlet pipeline 1, a first-stage drop canal 2, a second-stage drop canal 3, a third-stage drop canal 4, a fourth-stage drop canal 5 and a fifth-stage drop canal 6. The inlet tube is located the highest point of potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit, and the one end of inlet tube and outside pipeline intercommunication of carrying sewage then are located the one-level and fall the top of ditch 2, and the operation height of inlet tube 1 is higher than the operation height that the one-level fell the ditch 2, and the sewage of inlet tube input can fall in the one-level falls the ditch 2. Pebbles are laid at the bottom of the primary drop channel 2, three water passing channels 7 which are distributed at equal intervals are arranged on a partition plate on the side, facing the secondary drop channel 3, of the primary drop channel 2, as shown in fig. 2, the water passing channels 7 are flat and rectangular, and filtering grids for removing large-volume aquatic organisms and plant residues are further arranged at the water passing channels 7 to prevent the water passing channels from entering the vertical flow artificial wetland unit to cause blockage. The second-stage drop canal 3 is positioned below one side of the first-stage drop canal 2. Pebbles and composite filler are paved at the bottom of the secondary drop canal 3, and the composite filler is positioned above the pebbles. The height of the water channel 7 is higher than that of the second-level drop canal 3, so that the operation height of the first-level drop canal 2 is higher than that of the second-level drop canal 3, and the first-level drop canal 2 is positioned above one side of the second-level drop canal 3. The partition plate of the second-stage drop canal 3 facing the third-stage drop canal 4 is provided with water outlet through holes 8 distributed at equal intervals, and as shown in fig. 3, the water outlet through holes 8 are of a circular structure. The third-stage drop canal 4 is positioned below one side of the second-stage drop canal 3. Pebbles and composite filler are paved at the bottom of the third-stage drop canal 4, and the composite filler is positioned above the pebbles. The height of the water outlet through hole 8 of the second-stage drop channel 3 is higher than that of the third-stage drop channel 4, so that the operation height of the second-stage drop channel 3 is higher than that of the third-stage drop channel 4, and the second-stage drop channel 3 is positioned above one side of the third-stage drop channel 4. The partition plate of the third-stage drop canal 4 facing the side of the fourth-stage drop canal 5 is also provided with water outlet through holes 8 distributed at equal intervals, and the water outlet through holes 8 are also of a circular structure. The fourth-stage drop canal 5 is positioned below one side of the third-stage drop canal 4. Pebbles and composite fillers are paved at the bottom of the four-stage drop canal 5, and the composite fillers are positioned above the pebbles. The height of the water outlet through hole 8 of the third-level drop channel 4 is higher than that of the fourth-level drop channel 5, so that the operation height of the third-level drop channel 4 is higher than that of the fourth-level drop channel 5, and the third-level drop channel 4 is positioned above one side of the fourth-level drop channel 5. The partition plate of the side of the fourth-stage drop canal 5 facing the fifth-stage drop canal 6 is also provided with water outlet through holes 8 distributed at equal intervals, and the water outlet through holes 8 are also of a circular structure. The particle size of the composite filler in the second-stage drop canal 3 is larger than that of the composite filler in the third-stage drop canal 4, and the particle size of the composite filler in the third-stage drop canal 4 is larger than that of the composite filler in the fourth-stage drop canal 5. Submerged plants are arranged in the five-level water drop channel 6.

The vertical flow artificial wetland unit is positioned at the bottom of one side of the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit.

The vertical flow artificial wetland unit comprises a planting layer 10, a first-stage packing layer 11, a second-stage packing layer 12, a third-stage packing layer 13, a pebble layer 14 and a bottom water collecting pipe 15. The planting layer 10, the first-stage packing layer 11, the second-stage packing layer 12, the third-stage packing layer 13 and the pebble layer 14 are distributed in sequence in the gravity direction, namely from top to bottom. The hygrophytes are planted in the planting layer 10, and the hygrophytes planted in the planting layer 10 are selected from plants with large biomass and fibrous root systems, such as reed, floral leaf and giant reed, on one hand, the removal of nutritive salt in sewage by the plants can be improved, and on the other hand, the blockage of the wetland caused by the rotting of the underground root systems in winter can be avoided; fillers are distributed in the first-stage filler layer 11, the second-stage filler layer 12 and the third-stage filler layer 13, but the particle size of the filler of the first-stage filler layer 11 is larger than that of the filler of the second-stage filler layer 12, and the particle size of the filler of the second-stage filler layer 12 is larger than that of the filler of the third-stage filler layer 13. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the water in the first-stage packing layer 11 is high, and the aerobic decomposition of COD and nitrogen is mainly carried out, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water in the second-stage packing layer 12 and the third-stage packing layer 13 is lower, and the denitrification of nitrogen is mainly carried out, and the main function of the pebble layer 14 is to collect the treated water. The operation height of the first-stage packing layer 11 is the operation height of the fifth-stage drop canal 6, a water passing pipeline 9 is arranged between the fifth-stage drop canal 6 and the vertical flow artificial wetland unit, one end of the water passing pipeline 9 extends into the fifth-stage drop canal 6, and the other end of the water passing pipeline 9 is positioned in the first-stage packing layer 11; the water passing pipe 9 is externally wrapped with a water permeable geotextile to distribute water uniformly and prevent gravel blockage. One end of the bottom water collecting pipe 15 is positioned in the pebble layer 14, and the other end of the bottom water collecting pipe 15 is positioned outside the vertical flow artificial wetland unit as a water outlet.

Sewage enters the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit from the water inlet pipeline 1 and falls through five steps, so that the water-gas contact area is increased, and the reoxygenation efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, in the process of water dropping, inorganic substances and phosphorus salts are adsorbed and precipitated by water bodies through the packing layers with different particle sizes, and the biological membrane formed in pebbles at the bottom of the channel and submerged plants in the channel can also degrade the precipitated organic substances to remove large particles which can block the vertical flow constructed wetland unit. The sewage after aeration and reoxygenation enters the vertical flow artificial wetland unit through a water passing pipe 9 at the bottom of the five-stage drop canal 6 and is uniformly distributed into the vertical flow artificial wetland unit through the water passing pipe 9. After plant absorption, filler adsorption, aerobic degradation of microorganisms and denitrification treatment of the vertical flow artificial wetland unit, water is discharged through the bottom water collecting pipe 15, and the discharged water can be directly used for farmland irrigation.

Claims

1. A vertical flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation is characterized in that: the vertical flow artificial wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation comprises a potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit and a vertical flow artificial wetland unit, wherein the potential energy aeration reoxygenation unit is integrally in a step shape and comprises a water inlet pipeline (1), a first-level drop canal (2), a second-level drop canal (3), a third-level drop canal (4), a fourth-level drop canal (5) and a fifth-level drop canal (6), the operation height of the water inlet pipeline (1) is higher than that of the first-level drop canal (2), the port of the water inlet pipeline (1) is positioned right above the first-level drop canal (2), the operation height of the first-level drop canal (2) is higher than that of the second-level drop canal (3), the first-level drop canal (2) is positioned above one side of the second-level drop canal (3), and the operation height of the second-level drop canal (3) is higher than that of the third-level drop canal (4), The two-level drop canal (3) is positioned above one side of the three-level drop canal (4), the operating height of the three-level drop canal (4) is higher than the operating height of the four-level drop canal (5), the three-level drop canal (4) is positioned above one side of the four-level drop canal (5), the operating height of the four-level drop canal (5) is higher than the operating height of the five-level drop canal (6), the four-level drop canal (5) is positioned above one side of the five-level drop canal (6), the vertical flow artificial wetland unit comprises a planting layer (10), a first-level packing layer (11), a second-level packing layer (12), a third-level packing layer (13), a pebble layer (14) and a bottom water collecting pipe (15), the planting layer (10), the first-level packing layer (11), the second-level packing layer (12), the third-level packing layer (13) and the pebble layer (14) are sequentially distributed in the gravity direction, the filler particle diameter of one-level packing layer (11) is greater than the filler particle diameter of second packing layer (12), the filler particle diameter of second packing layer (12) is greater than the filler particle diameter of tertiary packing layer (13), the operation height of one-level packing layer (11) is the operation height of five-level drop canal (6) at most, be equipped with between five-level drop canal (6) and the vertical flow constructed wetland unit and cross water pipe (9), the one end of crossing water pipe (9) stretches into five-level drop canal (6) inside, the other end of crossing water pipe (9) is located one-level packing layer (11), the one end of bottom collector pipe (15) is located pebble layer (14), the other end of bottom collector pipe (15) is as the delivery port and is located the outside of vertical flow constructed wetland unit.

2. The vertical-flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the one-level falls ditch (2) and is equipped with water passing channel (7) of equidistant distribution towards this side of second grade drop ditch (3), water passing channel (7) are flat rectangle structure, this side of second grade drop ditch (3) towards tertiary drop ditch (4), tertiary drop ditch (4) all are equipped with equidistant distribution's play water perforation (8) towards this side of level four drop ditch (5), level four drop ditch (5) towards this side of level five drop ditch (6), play water perforation (8) are circular structure.

3. The vertical-flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reoxygenation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: pebbles are paved at the bottoms of the first-level drop canal (2), the second-level drop canal (3), the third-level drop canal (4), the fourth-level drop canal (5) and the fifth-level drop canal (6), and submerged plants are arranged in the fifth-level drop canal (6).

4. The vertical-flow constructed wetland system based on potential energy reaeration of claim 3, which is characterized in that: all be equipped with the composite packing in second grade drop canal (3), tertiary drop canal (4), the level four drop canal (5), the composite packing is located the cobble top, the particle diameter of the composite packing in second grade drop canal (3) is greater than the particle diameter of the composite packing in tertiary drop canal (4), the particle diameter of the composite packing in tertiary drop canal (4) is greater than the particle diameter of the composite packing in level four drop canal (5).