CN213272628U - Novel flue gas backflow system of household garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Novel flue gas backflow system of household garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN213272628U CN213272628U CN202021960583.XU CN202021960583U CN213272628U CN 213272628 U CN213272628 U CN 213272628U CN 202021960583 U CN202021960583 U CN 202021960583U CN 213272628 U CN213272628 U CN 213272628U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of municipal solid waste burns and specifically relates to a novel flue gas reflux system is burnt to domestic waste, its main part includes backflow fan, the manual air door that turns off of flue gas main flue, flue gas adjusting plate, backward flow flue gas pipeline, the electronic baffle of flue gas backward flow main flue, flue gas backward flow branch pipe, the electronic baffle of flue gas backward flow branch pipe, a wind branch pipe electric switch valve, burns burning furnace, nozzle electric control valve. The returned flue gas is led out from the outlet of the bag type dust collector and is returned to the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator for spraying through a return fan. When the backflow amount is small, part of nozzles are closed, and the flow velocity of the backflow smoke is guaranteed. When the reflux system is stopped, primary air and hot air are introduced to purge, cool the nozzle, protect the flue and prevent corrosion. The utility model discloses when the return-flow system used, can be through adjusting oxygen content in the backward flow flue gas volume control stove, can effectively prevent backflow flue corruption and nozzle dry combustion method when the return-flow system stopped using, reduce energy consumption and plant maintenance volume simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of municipal solid waste burns and specifically relates to a novel domestic waste burns burning furnace flue gas reflux system.
Background
In recent years, the incineration treatment capacity of municipal solid waste is greatly improved, and the mechanical grate furnace incineration technology is widely applied at home and abroad, and is the technology which is most suitable for incinerating the waste and generating steam by utilizing heat energy generated by waste incineration and using the steam for power generation at present. Meanwhile, domestic and foreign waste incineration flue gas emission standards are becoming stricter, local emission standards are gradually established in various places, and the emission requirements of nitrogen oxides are increasing.
In order to meet the requirement of lower concentration emission of nitrogen oxides, a garbage incineration plant usually adopts a SNCR + SCR combined denitration mode to control the NOx at a lower level. But SO generated by incineration of garbage2Alkali metals and dust are more harmful to the SCR catalyst, so the SCR system is usually disposed after deacidification and dedusting. The flue gas temperature at this stage is low, and in order to reach the reaction temperature interval of the SCR catalyst, the flue gas is generally heated by steam, so that the energy consumption is high.
Over 90% of NOx generated by garbage incineration is fuel type, a flue gas backflow system is one of low-nitrogen combustion processes, purified flue gas is introduced into front and rear arches of an incinerator to be sprayed, a local low-oxygen combustion area is formed in the incinerator, generation of fuel type NOx is reduced under the condition of ensuring sufficient combustion, and accordingly the emission value of NOx is reduced. However, the waste incineration working condition is complex and large in fluctuation, the backflow amount of the flue gas backflow system needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the combustion working condition in order to avoid insufficient waste combustion and increase pollutant emission, and the waste incineration working condition is not suitable for use when the heat value of waste entering a furnace is relatively low or other combustion working conditions are poor. When the amount of the returned flue gas is small, the sprayed air speed is too low, a good turbulent flow effect cannot be formed, when the flue gas is returned and stopped, the returned flue gas is retained in a flue, or is blown and cooled by ambient air, condensation is easily formed, the flue and a fan are corroded, and simultaneously, the flue gas nozzles of front and rear arches of the incinerator are easily coked and damaged due to dry combustion, so that the maintenance work of a return system is difficult.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the technical problems of flue low-temperature corrosion, furnace inner flue gas anti-channeling and the like when the original concentration of NOx is high, the smoke exhaust loss is large, the operation cost is high and the flue gas reflux system is stopped using.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a novel flue gas backflow system of a household garbage incinerator, which is characterized by comprising a backflow fan 1, a main flue manual shutoff air door 2, a flue gas adjusting baffle 3, a backflow flue gas pipeline 4, a main flue electric baffle 5, a flue gas backflow branch pipe 6, a flue gas backflow branch pipe electric baffle 7, a primary air branch pipe 8, a primary air branch pipe electric switch valve 9, an incinerator 10, a nozzle 11 and a nozzle electric adjusting valve 12; the return flue gas is led out from the outlet of the bag type dust collector and is connected with a return fan 1 through a return flue gas pipeline 4, and a main flue manual shutoff air door 2 and a flue gas adjusting baffle 3 are sequentially arranged on the return flue gas pipeline 4; a main flue electric baffle 5 is arranged on the return flue gas pipeline 4; a flue gas reflux branch pipe 6 is arranged on the reflux flue gas pipeline 4, and an electric baffle 7 of the flue gas reflux branch pipe is arranged on the flue gas reflux branch pipe 6; the flue gas is refluxed to nozzles 11 arranged on the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator 10 through a reflux fan 1 and is sprayed through a nozzle electric regulating valve 12 to form a local low-oxygen combustion area; the protective air is taken from the heated primary air, is injected into the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator through the primary air branch pipe 8 and the primary air branch pipe electric switch valve 9, carries out cooling protection on the nozzle, and simultaneously carries out hot air blowing protection on the return flue.
Furthermore, backflow flue gas is extracted from an outlet of the bag type dust collector, and the purified flue gas flows back into the incinerator.
Furthermore, an electric air damper is arranged in the inlet flue of the backflow fan, and the backflow air quantity is adjusted through the electric air damper and the fan in a frequency conversion mode. The flue gas backflow protection air is taken from the heated primary air, the backflow fan can be closed when the flue gas backflow system is stopped, the primary fan is used for protecting the nozzle, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Furthermore, electric regulating valves are arranged on nozzles of front and rear arches of the incinerator to regulate the air quantity of each nozzle to ensure the balance of air pressure, and when the backflow amount of the flue gas is small, part of the nozzles are reduced or closed to ensure that the backflow flue gas always keeps a high flow velocity, so that strong turbulence is formed, and sufficient combustion is ensured.
Further, a manual air door is arranged at the inlet of the backflow fan, electric air doors are arranged at the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator, and when the flue gas backflow system is stopped, the air doors are closed in sequence; when the positive pressure of the hearth or the flue gas backflow amount is too small to cause flue gas to flow backwards, the electric air door is closed rapidly, high-temperature flue gas is prevented from being sucked backwards, and a flue gas backflow system is protected.
Furthermore, when the flue gas reflux system is stopped, the flue of the flue gas reflux system is swept by primary air and hot air behind the air preheater, so that the problem of corrosion caused by condensation of the flue gas in the flue is solved.
Furthermore, the primary air hot air behind the air preheater is adopted to cool the backflow nozzle, so that dry burning of the nozzle when the smoke backflow stops is prevented.
The technical scheme provided by the utility model, can reach following beneficial effect: when the reflux system operates, the oxygen content in the incinerator can be reduced to 3% -4%, a low-oxygen combustion area is formed in the incinerator, and the generation of nitrogen oxides is inhibited. Meanwhile, each nozzle is provided with an electric adjusting valve to independently adjust the air volume of each nozzle, so that the balance of air pressure is ensured, and a better turbulence effect is achieved; when the load of the hearth is low and the return air volume is low, part of the nozzles are closed, so that the return flue gas is sprayed into the hearth at a proper high air speed all the time, a good turbulent flow can be achieved all the time, and the effect of reducing NOx by flue gas return is improved.
Secondly, the primary wind-heat wind protection system can introduce primary wind-heat wind into the backflow flue when the backflow system is stopped, so that corrosion of the flue and a fan caused by flue gas condensation is avoided, and compared with ambient air cooling protection, the primary wind-heat wind temperature is higher, so that the temperature in the backflow flue can be always maintained at a higher temperature, corrosion caused by reduction of the flue temperature when ambient air is swept is avoided, and long-time preheating of the smoke backflow system when the smoke backflow system is started again is also avoided.
In addition, the protective air of the flue gas reflux nozzle is taken from the heated primary air, the primary air branch pipe protective nozzle is opened when the flue gas reflux system is stopped, a reflux fan does not need to be started, the energy consumption of the system is reduced, the spraying amount of the protective air is reduced, the heat loss is reduced, and the temperature in the furnace is ensured.
Finally, the utility model provides a wind-heat wind protection system also can be used in the anticorrosion protection of other system bypass flues, pipelines etc. maintains the pipeline internal temperature through wind-heat wind once when the outage, avoids opening the production of opening the time comdenstion water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the flue gas recirculation system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the backflow flue gas nozzle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the backflow system protection air duct of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the primary wind-heat protection system of the present invention.
In the figure, a return fan 1, a main flue manual shutoff air door 2, a flue gas adjusting baffle 3, a return flue gas pipeline 4, a main flue electric baffle 5, a flue gas return branch pipe 6, a flue gas return branch pipe electric baffle 7, a primary air branch pipe 8, a primary air branch pipe electric switch valve 9, an incinerator 10, a nozzle 11 and a nozzle electric adjusting valve 12.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model clearer, combine below the utility model discloses a drawing and example, it is right the utility model discloses clear complete description carries out:
more than 90% of NOx generated in the garbage incineration process is fuel type NOx, and the larger the excess air coefficient is, the more easily fuel type NOx is generated, and the higher the original nitrogen oxide concentration generated in the garbage incineration process is.
Therefore, the utility model provides a novel flue gas backflow system of a household garbage incinerator, which comprises a backflow fan 1, a main flue manual shutoff air door 2, a flue gas adjusting baffle 3, a backflow flue gas pipeline 4, a main flue electric baffle 5, a flue gas backflow branch pipe 6, a flue gas backflow branch pipe electric baffle 7, a primary air branch pipe 8, a primary air branch pipe electric switch valve 9, an incinerator 10, a nozzle 11 and a nozzle electric adjusting valve 12; the return flue gas is led out from the outlet of the bag type dust collector and is connected with a return fan 1 through a return flue gas pipeline 4, and a main flue manual shutoff air door 2 and a flue gas adjusting baffle 3 are sequentially arranged on the return flue gas pipeline 4; a main flue electric baffle 5 is arranged on the return flue gas pipeline 4; a flue gas reflux branch pipe 6 is arranged on the reflux flue gas pipeline 4, and an electric baffle 7 of the flue gas reflux branch pipe is arranged on the flue gas reflux branch pipe 6; the flue gas is refluxed to nozzles 11 arranged on the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator 10 through a reflux fan 1 and is sprayed through a nozzle electric regulating valve 12 to form a local low-oxygen combustion area; the protective air is taken from the heated primary air, is injected into the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator through the primary air branch pipe 8 and the primary air branch pipe electric switch valve 9, carries out cooling protection on the nozzle, and simultaneously carries out hot air blowing protection on the return flue.
The outlet flue of the bag type dust collector is provided with a backflow flue interface, clean flue gas is led out from the backflow flue interface and flows back to the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator through a backflow fan to be sprayed, a local low-oxygen combustion area is formed, and generation of NOx is reduced. As shown in figure 2, an electric adjusting valve is arranged on the backflow nozzle, the air quantity of each nozzle is independently adjusted, and the balance of air pressure is guaranteed, so that backflow smoke is uniformly sprayed. When the smoke backflow amount is lower than 10%, closing part of nozzles to ensure that the backflow smoke is sprayed into the wind speed, and forming a good turbulent flow effect.
When the flue gas reflux system is stopped, the reflux flue and the nozzle are closed, and HCl and SO in the flue gas in the flue are2The condensation forms acid dew which can cause the corrosion of the flue and the fan. When the flue gas is refluxed and started, acid dew is also generated during the period of introducing the refluxed flue gas into the rear heating pipe, so that corrosion is caused. As shown in figure 2, the utility model discloses draw forth the branch pipe at the primary air duct after the air preheater heating, insufflate inclosed backflow flue, make the backflow flue internal temperature keep above the acid dew point, produce acid dew when avoiding flue gas backward flow to stop use and restart, take place to corrode.
When the flue gas recirculation system is deactivated, there are generally two ways to cool the nozzles. Firstly, start the return fan, spout into minimum amount of wind in order to prevent the nozzle coking, the system energy consumption is high, and return fan low frequency operation, easily leads to high temperature flue gas anti-scurrying to go into flue gas backflow flue during the furnace malleation. And secondly, an ambient air bypass flue is arranged for purging, but when the flue gas reflux system operates, ambient air is easy to enter from a bypass, the temperature of the reflux flue gas is reduced, and condensation is easy to form. As shown in fig. 3, the utility model discloses draw forth the branch pipe from the wind after the heating, set up electric valve, when the return system stopped using, opened wind branch pipe electric valve, utilized a fan to inhale hot-blastly, cooled off return nozzle, the low temperature environment air scurried into when just avoiding flue gas reflux system operation.
The utility model provides a wind hot-blast protection system also can be used in other pipelines such as gas cleaning bypass flue, as shown in figure 4, sweeps the airtight flue between the gas-blast pipeline baffle through hot-blast when stopping, condensation corrosion in the pipeline when avoiding opening and stopping.
The following are specific examples of the present invention: rated garbage treatment capacity is 825t/d, designed garbage heat value is 1900kcal/kg, and designed flue gas capacity is 20500Nm3And h, purifying the flue gas by adopting a semi-dry method, a dry method, activated carbon spraying, bag type dust removal and SCR (selective catalytic reduction) process, wherein the temperature of the returned flue gas is 150 ℃. When the flue gas reflux system is put into operation, the oxygen content in the furnace can be controlled between 3 percent and 4 percent. Under the working condition of low load operation of the hearth, the flue gas reflux fan operates at low frequency, the nozzles of the front arch part and the rear arch part are closed, the reflux flue gas keeps higher flow velocity, and the flue gas reflux fan is used for controlling the flow velocity of the flue gasThe nitrogen oxide generation inhibiting effect is obvious. When the combustion working condition is not good, the flue gas reflux system is closed, the primary air hot air branch pipe is opened to sweep the flue and cool the nozzle, and no condensed water is generated in the flue and no obvious corrosion is caused.
Claims (1)
1. A novel flue gas backflow system of a household garbage incinerator is characterized by comprising a backflow fan, a main flue manual shutoff air door, a flue gas adjusting baffle, a backflow flue gas pipeline, a main flue electric baffle, a flue gas backflow branch pipe electric baffle, a primary air branch pipe electric switch valve, the incinerator, a nozzle and a nozzle electric adjusting valve; the return flue gas is led out from the outlet of the bag type dust collector and is connected with a return fan through a return flue gas pipeline, and a main flue manual shutoff air door and a flue gas adjusting baffle are sequentially arranged on the return flue gas pipeline; the main flue electric baffle is arranged on the return flue gas pipeline; a smoke backflow branch pipe is arranged on the backflow smoke pipeline, and an electric baffle plate of the smoke backflow branch pipe is arranged on the smoke backflow branch pipe; the smoke is refluxed to nozzles arranged on the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator through a reflux fan and is sprayed in through a nozzle electric regulating valve to form a local low-oxygen combustion area; the protective air is taken from the heated primary air, is injected into the front arch and the rear arch of the incinerator through the primary air branch pipe and the primary air branch pipe electric switch valve, cools and protects the nozzle, and simultaneously performs hot air blowing and sweeping protection on the return flue.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021960583.XU CN213272628U (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Novel flue gas backflow system of household garbage incinerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021960583.XU CN213272628U (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Novel flue gas backflow system of household garbage incinerator |
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| CN213272628U true CN213272628U (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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| CN202021960583.XU Active CN213272628U (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Novel flue gas backflow system of household garbage incinerator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114251664A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Garbage incinerator and reheating flue gas backflow system thereof |
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2020
- 2020-09-08 CN CN202021960583.XU patent/CN213272628U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114251664A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Garbage incinerator and reheating flue gas backflow system thereof |
| CN114251664B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-12-22 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Garbage incinerator and reheat flue gas reflux system thereof |
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