CN213239477U

CN213239477U - Automatic controllable hot cigarette test smoke generating device

Info

Publication number: CN213239477U
Application number: CN202022081856.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱奕豪; 王静伟; 王迪军; 罗辉; 罗燕萍; 吴绍康; 林静雯
Original assignee: Guangzhou Metro Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Metro Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-21
Filing date: 2020-09-21
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-21

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic controllable hot cigarette test smoke generating device relates to fire control technical field. The utility model discloses a: the lower end of the cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the upper end of the cavity is provided with a smoke outlet; the combustor is arranged in the cavity and above the air inlet, and a lighter for lighting is arranged on the combustor; the smoke sprayer is arranged in the cavity and above the combustor, and comprises a plurality of fine water mist spray heads; the fuel storage comprises a gas tank and a smoke oil tank; the gas tank is connected with the burner through a fuel pipe, and the fuel pipe is provided with a first valve; the tobacco tar tank is connected with the tobacco tar tank through a tobacco tar pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the tobacco tar pipe; the controller is electrically connected with the igniter. The utility model discloses a smoke generating device can improve the reliability of hot cigarette test, reduces the potential safety hazard.

Description

Automatic controllable hot cigarette test smoke generating device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fire control technical field especially relates to an automatic controllable hot cigarette test smoke generating device.

Background

The fire disaster of the large public building not only causes serious economic loss, but also can cause serious casualties. Therefore, it is very critical to determine whether the building fire protection system can ensure safe evacuation of people under the fire accident condition. Through a hot smoke test experiment, the building alarm system, ventilation and smoke exhaust and linkage conditions can be tested, and whether the detection alarm time meets the relevant standard requirements or not is detected; checking whether the operation mode of the ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the building is correct and whether the ventilation and smoke exhaust amount is enough under the condition of designing the fire power; checking whether the ventilation and smoke exhaust system has enough safe evacuation time under the condition of designing fire power; and (4) checking whether smoke series flows exist under the condition of designing fire power, threatening the safety of personnel and the like. Based on the hot smoke test, reasonable measures and suggestions can be provided for the smoke discharge mode, the airflow organization form and the personnel evacuation scheme of the building, and scientific basis is provided for guaranteeing the fire safety of public buildings.

The existing building fire-fighting system field detection mostly adopts a cold smoke test method, the cold smoke test utilizes smoke generated by burning of tobacco cakes and the like, the smoke generally does not have real fire power, the smoke is not driven by thermal buoyancy, the effects of fire smoke diffusion and control cannot be truly reflected, and the detectable indexes are few. The existing fire-fighting acceptance relevant standard of China is stipulated as follows: for building fire control acceptance with special space structure and complex design of the smoke prevention and exhaust system, the smoke prevention and exhaust system of the building can be tested on site by adopting a hot smoke test method under the condition of not damaging the building structure, internal measures and equipment. The hot smoke test generally produces colorless and nontoxic hot plumes through combustion of ethanol pool fire, visually traces smoke gas to be injected into the hot plumes, demonstrates the flow characteristics of the hot plumes, starts the smoke prevention and discharge system, and evaluates whether the performance of the smoke prevention and discharge system can meet related requirements. The current popular smoking method for the hot smoke test is as follows: the artificial smoke generated by smoldering is injected into the burning tray fire plume opened at the outside through the smoke guide pipe for tracing. The smoke buoyancy generated by direct smoldering of the tobacco cake is weak, so that the burning quantity and the burning speed of the tobacco cake are difficult to control in the test. Due to the influence of external air flow generated by the fan, smoke and hot plume of pool fire are difficult to be fully mixed, so that the smoke is not fully heated or even not heated and diffused, cold smoke is easy to settle, and a real fire scene cannot be simulated to carry out effective fire fighting test. In addition, the existing mode of smoking the cigarette cake is generally that the smoking is controlled by manual close-distance supply, which also causes harm to the personal safety of field operators. And after the hot smoke test is finished, the pool fire needs to be professionally extinguished, which brings great inconvenience to testers.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Based on this, it is necessary to provide an automatic controllable hot smoke test smoke generating device to solve the above problems, and the heat release rate of the simulated fire source can be controlled, so that the tobacco tar particles and the heat source are fully contacted and mixed, thereby generating continuous hot smoke with controllable concentration, improving the reliability of hot smoke test, and avoiding the potential safety hazard caused by close-range operation of the working personnel.

The utility model provides an automatic controllable hot cigarette test smoke generating device, include:

the lower end of the cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the upper end of the cavity is provided with a smoke outlet;

the combustor is arranged in the cavity and above the air inlet, and a lighter for lighting is arranged on the combustor;

the smoke sprayer is arranged in the cavity and above the combustor, and comprises a plurality of fine water mist spray heads which are arranged towards the combustor;

a fuel reservoir comprising a gas canister and a smoke canister; the gas tank is connected with the burner through a fuel pipe, and a first valve is arranged on the fuel pipe; the smoke oil tank is connected with the smoke oil tank through a smoke oil pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the smoke oil pipe;

and the controller is electrically connected with the igniter.

The smoke generating device is provided with the gas tank and the tobacco tar tank to respectively provide fuel and tobacco tar for the combustor and the tobacco tar sprayer, the flow of the fuel and the tobacco tar is controlled through the valve on the pipeline, the heat release rate of a fire source is simulated, and atomized tobacco tar particles are fully contacted and mixed with a heat source, so that continuous hot smoke with controllable concentration is generated; moreover, because fuel and oil smoke can be remotely controlled to be conveyed, ignition is finished through the controller, the whole smoking process does not need close-range operation of workers, and the supply of the fuel and the oil smoke can be cut off at any time according to requirements, so that a hot smoke source is rapidly extinguished, and the potential safety hazard is greatly reduced.

In one embodiment, the hot smoke test smoking device further comprises a smoke guide pipe, and one end of the smoke guide pipe is connected with the smoke exhaust port and communicated with the interior of the cavity. The smoke guide pipe can collect and guide the hot smoke in the cavity into a field needing hot smoke testing.

In one embodiment, the smoke guide pipe is a metal smoke guide pipe.

In one embodiment, the combustor is a scroll-type combustor, a plurality of micropores are formed in the scroll-type combustor, and the igniter is arranged in the center of the scroll-type combustor. The fuel flows out through the micropores on the vortex plate and is fully combusted by ignition. The number of the vortex turns of the vortex disk type combustor can be selected according to the power of a fire source, and different vortex turns correspond to different combustion areas. The micro-holes and the vortex plate of the burner are favorable for full combustion of fuel, and the fire source is more stable.

In one embodiment, the lighter is an electromagnetic lighter.

In one embodiment, a plurality of the water mist nozzles are distributed in a ring shape. This setting mode can make the tobacco tar spray more evenly, more disperse on the one hand, and its shape of on the other hand is corresponding with vortex disk type combustor, makes tobacco tar granule and heat source fully contact the mixture.

In one embodiment, the fume shower is positioned directly above the burner. The tobacco tar passes through the nozzle and sprays the fire source top with the form of atomizing liquid drop, is heated and produces the flue gas, and the tobacco tar sprayer sets up and can make the more even hot cigarette of production directly over the combustor.

In one embodiment, the cavity, the gas tank and the tobacco tar tank are all provided with fireproof heat insulation layers.

In one embodiment, the first valve and/or the second valve are electrically controlled valves and are electrically connected to the controller.

In one embodiment, the first valve and the second valve are both electronic flow regulating valves. The flow regulating valve can regulate the amount of fuel and tobacco tar injected into the cavity, so that the tobacco tar and the fire source are fuming according to the design working condition.

In one embodiment, the fuel is a hydrocarbon-based organic gas fuel. Preferably, the fuel is a non-toxic, odorless gas fuel. More preferably, the fuel is natural gas.

In one embodiment, the tobacco tar is a smoke oil.

In one embodiment, the controller can be remotely accessed to a computer or a mobile phone through an API communication interface, and remote mobile intelligent regulation and control can be realized.

In one embodiment, a temperature sensor is arranged outside the cavity, and when the temperature is detected to exceed a warning value or a threshold value, the gas tank and the smoke and oil tank can be automatically shut down, so that the safety of a testing device and the site is guaranteed.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the smoke generating device of the utility model is provided with the gas tank and the tobacco tar tank to respectively provide fuel and tobacco tar for the burner and the tobacco tar sprayer, and controls the flow of the fuel and the tobacco tar through the valve on the pipeline, thereby simulating the heat release rate of the fire source, and fully contacting and mixing the atomized tobacco tar particles with the heat source, thereby generating continuous hot smoke with controllable concentration; moreover, because fuel and oil smoke can be remotely controlled to be conveyed, ignition is finished through the controller, the whole smoking process does not need close-range operation of workers, and the supply of the fuel and the oil smoke can be cut off at any time according to requirements, so that a hot smoke source is rapidly extinguished, and the potential safety hazard is greatly reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a smoke generating device in an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a scroll type combustor in the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cooking oil sprayer in the embodiment.

In the figure, 100, a cavity; 110. an air inlet; 120. a smoke outlet; 200. a scroll-type burner; 210. an electromagnetic lighter; 220. micropores; 300. a cooking fume sprayer; 310. a water mist spray head; 400. a fuel storage; 410. a gas tank; 411. a fuel tube; 412. a first valve; 420. a smoke tank; 421. a smoke pipe; 422. a second valve; 500. a controller; 600. a smoke guide pipe; 700. a fireproof heat-insulating layer.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "coupled" to another element, it can be directly coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

An automatically controllable hot smoke test smoking device, as shown in fig. 1, includes a chamber 100, a burner, a smoke sprayer 300, a fuel reservoir 400, and a controller 500. Wherein, the smoke sprayer 300 and the burner are oppositely arranged in the cavity 100 up and down, and the fuel storage 400 and the controller 500 are arranged outside the cavity 100. Preferably, the chamber 100 is made of stainless steel.

The bottom of the chamber 100 is provided with an air inlet 110 for supplying air to provide sufficient air for fuel combustion. The top of the chamber 100 is provided with a smoke discharge port 120 for discharging hot smoke generated in the chamber 100. In order to guide hot smoke into the building to be tested conveniently, the smoke guide pipe 600 is installed at the smoke outlet 120, and the bending direction and the diameter of the smoke guide pipe 600 can be selected according to requirements. Preferably, the smoke guide tube 600 is a metal smoke guide tube.

The burner is positioned above the air inlet 110 and is preferably positioned no higher than 1/3 of the height of the chamber 100 so that the fire source created by the combustion gases has a larger area to better contact the atomized tobacco particles. As shown in fig. 2, a lighter is provided at a central position of the burner for lighting the burner. Preferably, the burner is a scroll burner 200, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of micropores 220 are uniformly formed on the scroll burner 200, and the fuel can flow out through the micropores 220 and be fully combusted by ignition. Preferably, the igniter is an electromagnetic igniter 210. The number of the scroll turns of the scroll type burner 200 can be selected according to the power of the fire source, and different numbers of the scroll turns correspond to different combustion areas. The even distribution of micropores and the shape of a vortex plate are beneficial to the full combustion of fuel, and the fire source is more stable. Vortex disk burner 200 sets up in cavity 100 bottom central point and puts, is favorable to hot flue gas stream stable equilibrium, and vortex disk burner 200 below still is equipped with the fixed bolster, and the fixed bolster communicates with the external world, has sufficient air to flow into when guaranteeing the fuel burning in the combustor.

The smoke sprayer 300 is arranged above the burner, the smoke sprayer 300 comprises a plurality of water mist nozzles 310, as shown in fig. 4, the water mist nozzles 310 are distributed annularly, nozzles of the water mist nozzles 310 face the burner, and smoke oil is atomized and then fully mixed and contacted with fire source heat plume to form hot smoke. The number of the water mist nozzles 310 may be selected according to the concentration of the soot and the concentration of the flue gas.

The fuel storage 400 includes a gas canister 410 and a tar canister 420. The gas tank 410 is connected to the burner through a fuel pipe 411, the gas tank 410 is filled with fuel and can provide fuel for the burner, and the fuel pipe 411 is provided with a first valve 412 for metering and adjusting the fuel flow. The tobacco tar tank 420 is connected with the tobacco tar tank 420 through the tobacco tar pipe 421, tobacco tar is arranged in the tobacco tar tank 420, tobacco tar can be provided for the tobacco tar tank 420, and the tobacco tar pipe 421 is provided with a second valve 422 which can be used for metering and adjusting the flow of the tobacco tar. Preferably, the first valve 412 and the second valve 422 are electronic flow regulating valves. The fuel can be natural gas or other nontoxic and odorless hydrocarbon organic gas fuel, and the tobacco tar can be nontoxic and pollution-free tobacco tar.

In order to further improve the use safety of the device, the cavity 100, the gas tank 410 and the tobacco tar tank 420 can be wrapped with a fireproof heat-insulating layer 700 to prevent the equipment from being exploded when encountering fire. The outside of the chamber 100 may be further provided with a temperature sensor, and when the temperature is detected to exceed a preset alarm value or threshold value, the gas canister 410 and the tar canister 420 may be automatically turned off, thereby ensuring the safety of the testing device and the site.

For reaching the purpose that the staff is not near the body operation just can make and equip normal operating, the utility model discloses set up controller 500, controller 500 is connected with electromagnetism fire ware 210, electron flow control valve and temperature sensor, and control electromagnetism fire the ware 210 open or close, electron flow control valve's valve aperture detects temperature sensor's temperature. The controller 500 may be selected from automatic controllers commonly available in the market. The controller 500 can also be remotely accessed to a computer or a mobile phone through an API communication interface to realize remote mobile intelligent regulation.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatically controllable hot smoke test smoke generating device, comprising:

and the controller is electrically connected with the igniter.

2. The automatically controllable thermal smoke test smoking device of claim 1, further comprising a smoke guide tube having one end connected to the smoke outlet and communicating with the interior of the cavity.

3. The automatically controllable thermal smoke test smoking device of claim 2, wherein the smoke-guiding tube is a metal smoke-guiding tube.

4. The automatically controllable hot smoke test smoke generating device according to claim 1, wherein said burner is a scroll burner having a plurality of micro holes therein, said lighter being disposed in the center of said scroll burner.

5. An automatically controllable hot smoke test smoking device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the lighter is an electromagnetic lighter.

6. The automatically controllable hot smoke test smoke generating device of claim 1, wherein said plurality of water mist nozzles are annularly distributed.

7. An automatically controllable hot smoke test smoking device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the smoke shower is located directly above the burner.

8. The automatic controllable hot smoke test smoke generating device according to claim 1, wherein the cavity, the gas tank and the tobacco tar tank are provided with fireproof and heat insulating layers.

9. The automatically controllable hot smoke test smoking device according to claim 1, wherein the first valve and/or the second valve is an electrically controlled valve and is electrically connected to the controller.

10. The automatically controllable thermal smoke test smoking device of claim 1, wherein the fuel is a hydrocarbon based organic gas fuel and the smoke oil is a smoke oil.