CN213033244U

CN213033244U - Kitchen waste treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN213033244U
Application number: CN202020536640.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周纯; 饶宾期; 卢锡龙; 刘威
Original assignee: China Jiliang University
Current assignee: China Jiliang University
Priority date: 2020-04-13
Filing date: 2020-04-13
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kitchen garbage processing apparatus, including the frame, establish the feed bin in the frame top, establish the breaker in the feed bin below, the breaker below be equipped with broken storehouse, broken storehouse be provided with the rotating electrical machines of swivelling axis connection, the setting still is provided with the storage hopper in broken storehouse below, the storage hopper below connect the delivery pump through the connecting pipe, delivery pump below connect the material and modify the device, be provided with anaerobic fermentation device in modification device below. The crushing device is used for crushing materials and then sending the materials into the grinding material bin, the materials are subjected to mechanical grinding and heating treatment of electromagnetic eddy currents in the grinding material bin and then enter the fermentation bin, the anaerobic fermentation bin is used for performing further biochemical treatment on the kitchen materials, and the reduction and harmless treatment efficiency of the kitchen materials is greatly improved.

Description

Kitchen waste treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a kitchen garbage handles the field, in particular to kitchen garbage processing apparatus.

Background

The kitchen waste mainly refers to waste generated by residents in catering and kitchen processes, mainly comprises residual rice, flour, rape and fruit, edible oil and the like after eating, and in terms of components, the kitchen waste mainly contains starch, protein, cellulose, inorganic salt, lipid and the like, and is extremely easy to deteriorate and rot, emit stink and spread bacteria, viruses and the like. Along with the increase of economy, the physical life of people is improved day by day, the dining outside is greatly increased, and the urban population is more and more, so that the urban kitchen waste is produced greatly. Because the kitchen waste is easy to rot and deteriorate and is easy to spread diseases, if the kitchen waste is not treated in time, the odor emitted by the kitchen waste can seriously affect the living environment of residents, and meanwhile, some kitchen waste can deteriorate and breed bacteria and the like, which are extremely easy to affect the physical and mental health of people. If the kitchen waste is not properly disposed, the pollution to the atmosphere, water and the like can be caused, and the life of people is seriously influenced. With the growth of population in China and the rapid development of catering industry, the yield of food waste is increasing day by day. According to published data of a solid waste network in China, 4000 ten thousand tons of food waste are generated in China every year, 8200 ten thousand tons of disposal amount are generated in China every day at present, the corresponding disposal rate is only 10%, and the disposal pressure is huge.

Common mechanical treatment modes comprise mechanical crushing, screw extrusion and then biological anaerobic fermentation treatment, however, the fermentation speed of the kitchen organic matters depends on the size of material particles, and the organic particles need to be in direct contact with the surfaces of microorganisms so as to be effectively decomposed. Common modes for promoting effective decomposition include heating, mechanical crushing, chemical methods and the like, which mainly have the functions of improving the bioavailability and mass transfer efficiency between substrate particles and substrates to decompose organic matters, while chemical and microbial treatment has been studied for years, but mainly stays in the research stage of laboratories, and the proposed method cannot be applied to the field of kitchen waste treatment with huge volume on a large scale, and has low treatment efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a kitchen garbage processing apparatus that the treatment rate is high, further realize resource utilization.

The technical solution of the utility model, a kitchen garbage processing apparatus of following structure is provided, including the frame, establish the feed bin in the frame top, establish breaker, rotating electrical machines, storage hopper, connecting pipe, delivery pump, anaerobic fermentation device and electropneumatic controller in the feed bin below, the storage hopper is located breaker's below, kitchen garbage processing apparatus still includes material modification device, heat cyclic utilization device, the storage hopper through connecting pipe and delivery pump with material modification device intercommunication, anaerobic fermentation device be located material modification device's rear end, heat circulation device with material modification device and anaerobic fermentation device intercommunication. Kitchen garbage falls into breaker the inside from the feed bin, after breaker handles, temporary storage is in the storage case the inside, and obtain the solid-liquid mixture of broken material, the storage case below is connected with the delivery pump, the material can be taken the material out from the storage case under gravity and the pressure of delivery pump, send into in the material modification device, solenoid among the material modification device produces the electromagnetic eddy current, electromagnetic heating adopts magnetic field induction eddy current heating principle, can heat the material temperature in the cavity to more than 100 ℃, can promote the quick hydrolysis of organic matter.

Optionally, the material modification device comprises a material fine grinding device, an iron powder feeding device and an electromagnetic eddy current generation device. The material is mechanically ground in the modification device, and is heated by electromagnetic eddy current, the material particles become small under the action of the iron powder, the heating is sufficient, and the decomposition of organic matters is accelerated.

Optionally, the meticulous grinder of material include abrasive material bin, reduction gear and first motor, abrasive material bin upper end be equipped with the feed inlet, the feed inlet pass through the box on the entry be connected with the connecting pipe, the lower extreme of abrasive material bin be equipped with the discharge gate, the discharge gate export through the abrasive material bin be connected with the discharging pipe, one side of abrasive material bin is connected with reduction gear and first motor, the opposite side is fixed with the bearing that is connected with the pivot, the output of reduction gear be connected with the pivot of level setting in the abrasive material bin, the pivot above evenly distributed the steel nail, carry out milling of material under first motor and reduction gear effect. The size of material particles can be reduced, the inside of the material can be heated more uniformly by continuous stirring, and the subsequent fermentation hydrolysis efficiency is improved.

Optionally, the electromagnetic eddy current generating device comprises an electromagnetic coil, an alternating current power supply and an abrasive bin, the electromagnetic coil is tightly wound on the abrasive bin, the two ends of the electromagnetic coil are connected with the alternating current power supply, an insulating material is coated outside the electromagnetic eddy current generating device, the electromagnetic eddy current generating device generates electromagnetic eddy currents to destroy cell molecular structures, the temperature of materials inside the cavity is increased, and hydrolysis of kitchen waste is promoted. The power supply is an alternating current power supply, and can send out a constantly-changed electromagnetic field into the grinding material bin to generate an electromagnetic eddy current, so that the temperature of materials in the chamber is increased, the hydrolysis of organic matters is promoted, meanwhile, the materials are subjected to the shearing action of mechanical force in different directions, the size of material particles is greatly reduced, and the decomposition of the organic matters is accelerated.

Optionally, the iron powder adding device is arranged above the grinding material bin, and iron powder can be automatically added into the grinding material bin through the iron powder adding device. Through adding appropriate amount of iron powder, inside the stirring through the pivot made the iron powder evenly get into the material, can improve the material at the inside heat conductivity of bin, make the even better pyrohydrolysis of material heating, the iron powder can improve the decomposition rate of organic matter among the anaerobic fermentation process simultaneously, promotes the organic matter and turns into methane, can also alleviate the acid suppression phenomenon, improves subsequent treatment effeciency.

Optionally, a feeding inlet of the anaerobic fermentation device is connected with a discharging port of the grinding material bin through a connecting pipe, a stirring device is arranged inside the anaerobic fermentation device, the stirring device comprises a second motor and a stirrer, a ventilation conduit for introducing nitrogen is further arranged on the upper portion of the anaerobic fermentation device, an exhaust port is arranged on the upper portion of the side face of the anaerobic fermentation device, and a liquid discharge port is arranged on the lower portion of the side face of the anaerobic fermentation device. The heated materials in the grinding material bin can directly enter the anaerobic fermentation chamber to perform further anaerobic digestion reaction by the pressure of the feeding pump, certain nitrogen can be introduced into the ventilation pipeline at the beginning of the reaction to ensure the anaerobic condition in the bin, the generated gas is discharged from the exhaust port after the materials are subjected to sufficient anaerobic fermentation decomposition in the fermentation bin, and the decomposed organic matter residues can be discharged from the liquid discharge port to ensure that the materials are thoroughly and fully reacted.

Optionally, the heat cyclic utilization device includes air exhaust fan, ring pipe and conduction pipe, air exhaust fan set up the one end at material modification device, be connected with the ring pipe through the conduction pipe, the ring pipe inlay in anaerobic fermentation device's inside, cool off the hot-blast ring pipe that air exhaust fan took out, heat the inside material of anaerobic fermentation device simultaneously for the material in the anaerobic fermentation device maintains the uniform temperature, fermentation temperature sets up at 40-50 ℃. Because a large amount of hot steam generated by electromagnetic heating in the modification device overflows, the hot steam is pumped out by the air exhaust fan, hot air pumped by the air exhaust fan is cooled by the annular pipe, and meanwhile, materials in the anaerobic fermentation device can be heated, so that the materials in the anaerobic fermentation device are maintained at a certain temperature, and the fermentation temperature is generally set to be 40-50 ℃.

Optionally, the feeding pump pumps out the materials in the storage hopper through the connecting pipe, and after the materials enter the grinding material bin for modification, the materials are pressed out from the discharge port of the grinding material bin and enter the anaerobic fermentation device for fermentation treatment. The grinding material bin adopts a cylindrical closed structure, so that free flow of materials can be facilitated, meanwhile, overflow of a large amount of heat is reduced, and heating efficiency is improved.

Optionally, the utility model discloses the method that adopts does, kitchen garbage gets into breaker earlier and is tentatively broken, the large granule becomes the tiny particle, then get into the storage hopper and keep in, with the speed of balanced breaker's processing speed and follow-up flow, then enter into material modification device through the delivery pump, carry out magnetic field and abrasive treatment to kitchen garbage in material modification device, the iron powder is thrown the feeder apparatus through the iron powder and is got into material modification device and promote the modification of kitchen garbage, modified kitchen garbage gets into anaerobic fermentation device and carries out anaerobic fermentation, form organic fertilizer, and simultaneously, anaerobic fermentation device is introduced through the pipeline to high-temperature gas in the material modification device, guarantee the required temperature of anaerobic fermentation.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has is:

after the kitchen waste of the kitchen waste treatment equipment is pretreated by the electromagnetic field, harmful microorganisms in the kitchen waste are killed, so that the living environment of the microorganisms after inoculation is improved, the interspecific competition of the microorganisms after inoculation is reduced, the gas production is improved, and the fermentation efficiency of organic matters is improved;

the utility model discloses a kitchen garbage treatment equipment mills through machinery, and the reduction and the innocent treatment of improvement kitchen garbage that electromagnetism high temperature hydrolysis's preliminary treatment and subsequent anaerobic fermentation treatment can be very big.

The mode of mechanical crushing and grinding and electromagnetic eddy current synergistic effect is adopted, the fermentation decomposition rate of the kitchen materials can be greatly improved, the magnetic force field is generated by passing current through an electromagnetic induction coil in the heating process, magnetic force lines in the magnetic force field act on the grinding material bin, polar molecules such as protein, fat and moisture generate violent and ordered resonance and high-speed motion, tens of thousands of magnetic hysteresis eddy currents are generated, and huge circulating energy generated by the eddy currents is converted into effective heat energy to directly heat and act on the grinding material bin. Because polar molecules are heated by the electromagnetic eddy current to form dense and randomly moving electromagnets, in the electromagnetic eddy current, the impact and the grinding can hydrolyze material particles, so that the fermentation efficiency of organic matters in the subsequent fermentation process can be greatly improved, the heating speed is high, and the thermal efficiency is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal mechanism of the anaerobic fermentation device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inside of the annular pipe of the anaerobic fermentation device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inside of the box of the material modification apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the interior of the abrasive bin of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the steel nails with the cross-sections of the rotating shafts of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the device comprises a machine frame 1, a machine frame 2, a storage bin 3, a crushing device 4, a rotating motor 5, a storage hopper 6, a connecting pipe 7, a feeding pump 8, a dosing and feeding device 9, an air exhaust fan 11, an electric controller 10, an anaerobic fermentation device 12, a modification device 13, a ring pipe 10-1, a second motor 10-2, an air duct 10-3, a stirrer 10-4, an air exhaust port 10-5, a liquid discharge port 12-1, a speed reducer 12-2, a first motor 12-3, a grinding material bin 12-4, an electromagnetic coil 12-5, a feeding port 12-6, a rotating shaft 12-7, a steel nail 12-8, a discharge port 12-9 and a bearing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the kitchen waste treatment device of the present embodiment includes a frame 1, a bin 2 disposed above the frame 1, a crushing device disposed below the bin 2, a crushing bin 3 disposed below the crushing device and a rotating motor 4 connected to a rotating shaft 12-6, a storage hopper 5 disposed below the crushing device, a feeding pump 7 disposed below the storage hopper 5 and connected to the feeding pump through a connecting pipe 6, a box disposed below the feeding pump 7, and an anaerobic fermentation device 10 disposed below the box. Kitchen materials enter the storage bin 2 and fall into the crushing device, the materials after crushing treatment of the crushing device are temporarily stored in the storage bin 2, after a certain amount of materials are obtained, the feeding pump 7 below the storage bin 2 pumps the crushed materials into the grinding material bin 12-3 inside the modification device 12, the crushed materials are milled again in the grinding material bin 12-3, the materials in the grinding material bin 12-3 are fully milled and stirred by the steel nails 12-7, meanwhile, high-temperature hydrolysis reaction is carried out under the action of electromagnetic heating inside the sub-grinding material bin 12-3, after the full reaction is finished, the materials are fed into the discharge port 12-8 under the action of the feeding pressure of the feeding pump 7 and then enter the anaerobic fermentation device 10 below the modification device 12, and subsequent full anaerobic fermentation treatment is carried out.

In this embodiment, the material modification device 12 includes a material fine grinding device, an iron powder adding device 8, and an electromagnetic eddy current generating device. The materials are subjected to the fine grinding in a grinding material bin 12-3, the electromagnetic eddy current heating and the iron powder adding, the uniform heating and modification treatment, and then the materials enter an anaerobic fermentation device for subsequent fermentation treatment.

In the embodiment, the material fine grinding device comprises an abrasive bin 12-3, a speed reducer 12-1 and a first motor 12-2, a feeding hole 12-5 is formed in the upper end of the abrasive bin 12-3, materials enter the feeding hole 12-5 through a connecting pipe 6 under the action of a feeding pump 7 and enter the abrasive bin 12-3 through the feeding hole 12-5 through an upper inlet of a modifying device 12, the first motor and the speed reducer drive a rotating shaft to rotate, and steel nails on the rotating shaft grind and stir the materials in the bin, so that the size of material particles is greatly reduced, and the subsequent fermentation hydrolysis efficiency is improved.

In this example, the electromagnetic eddy current generating device comprises an electromagnetic coil 12-4, an alternating current power supply and an abrasive bin 12-3, the electromagnetic coil is tightly wound on the abrasive bin 12-3, the alternating current power supply is connected to two ends of the electromagnetic coil 12-4, an insulating material is coated outside the electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic eddy current generating device generates electromagnetic eddy current, cell molecular structures are damaged, the temperature of materials in a cavity is increased, and hydrolysis of kitchen waste is promoted.

In this embodiment, the iron powder adding device 8 is arranged above the grinding material bin 12-3, iron powder can be automatically added into the grinding material bin 12-3 through the iron powder adding device 8, the iron powder uniformly enters the material under the stirring of the device in the grinding material bin 12-3, the magnetism of a magnetic field is enhanced, meanwhile, the internal heat diffusion of the material is facilitated, the material is favorably modified better, the efficiency of a subsequent anaerobic fermentation stage is improved, the adding amount of the iron powder is determined according to the following steps, and the volume ratio of the iron powder to the kitchen waste is as follows: 5-8g of iron powder is added into each liter of kitchen waste.

In the embodiment, a feeding inlet of the anaerobic fermentation device 10 is connected with a discharging port 12-8 of a grinding material bin 12-3 through a connecting pipe 6, a stirring device is arranged inside the anaerobic fermentation device 10 and comprises a second motor 10-1 and a stirrer 10-3, after a certain amount of materials are stored inside the anaerobic fermentation device 10, the second motor 10-1 drives the stirrer 10-3 to uniformly stir the materials inside the bin, meanwhile, a ventilation conduit 10-2 for introducing nitrogen is arranged at the upper part of the bin to ensure anaerobic fermentation anaerobic conditions inside the bin, an exhaust port 10-4 arranged on the side face can exhaust gas in reaction, and after the materials are decomposed through sufficient anaerobic fermentation, a liquid discharge port 10-5 below the side face is opened to discharge the reaction materials.

In this embodiment, the heat recycling device includes an air extractor 9, a ring pipe 13, and a conduction pipe, the air extractor 9 is disposed at one end of the material modification device 12 and connected to the ring pipe 13 through the conduction pipe, the ring pipe 13 is embedded inside the anaerobic fermentation device 10, hot air in the material modification device 12 is extracted by the air extractor 9 and enters the ring pipe 13 for cooling, meanwhile, the hot air can heat the material inside the anaerobic fermentation device 10 through the ring pipe 13, so that the material inside the anaerobic fermentation device 10 is maintained at a certain temperature, and the fermentation temperature is generally set at 40-50 ℃.

In this example, the material modification device 12 at the feeding port 12-5 is connected with the feeding pump 7 through the connecting pipe 6, the feeding pump 7 pumps out the material in the material storage hopper 5 through the connecting pipe 6, and the material enters the grinding material bin 12-3 for modification and grinding, and then the material is extruded from the discharging port 12-8 of the grinding material bin 12-3 and enters the anaerobic fermentation device 10 for fermentation treatment.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a kitchen waste processing apparatus, includes frame (1), establishes feed bin (2) in frame (1) top, establishes breaker (3), rotating electrical machines (4), storage hopper (5), connecting pipe (6), charge-pump (7), anaerobic fermentation device (10) and electropneumatic controller (11) in feed bin (2) below, storage hopper (5) are located the below of breaker (3), its characterized in that: the kitchen waste treatment device further comprises a material modification device (12) and a heat recycling device, the storage hopper (5) is communicated with the material modification device (12) through a connecting pipe (6) and a feed pump (7), the anaerobic fermentation device (10) is located at the rear end of the material modification device (12), and the heat recycling device is communicated with the material modification device (12) and the anaerobic fermentation device (10).

2. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material modification device (12) comprises a material fine grinding device, an iron powder feeding device (8) and an electromagnetic eddy current generation device.

3. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the material fine grinding device comprises a grinding material bin (12-3), a speed reducer (12-1) and a first motor (12-2), wherein a feeding hole (12-5) is formed in the upper end of the grinding material bin (12-3), the feeding hole (12-5) is connected with a connecting pipe (6) through an upper inlet of a box body, a discharging hole (12-8) is formed in the lower end of the grinding material bin (12-3), the discharging hole (12-8) is connected with a discharging pipe through a lower outlet of the grinding material bin (12-3), the speed reducer (12-1) and the first motor (12-2) are connected to one side of the grinding material bin (12-3), a bearing (12-9) connected with a rotating shaft is fixed to the other side of the grinding material bin (12-3), the output end of the speed reducer (12-1) is connected with the rotating shaft (12-6) horizontally arranged in the grinding material bin (12-3), the steel nails (12-7) are uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft, and the materials are ground under the action of the first motor (12-2) and the speed reducer (12-1).

4. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the electromagnetic eddy current generating device comprises an electromagnetic coil (12-4), an alternating current power supply and an abrasive bin (12-3), wherein the electromagnetic coil is tightly wound on the abrasive bin (12-3), the two ends of the electromagnetic coil (12-4) are connected with the alternating current power supply, an insulating material is coated outside the electromagnetic eddy current generating device, the electromagnetic eddy current generating device generates electromagnetic eddy current, cell molecular structures are damaged, the temperature of materials in a cavity is increased, and hydrolysis of kitchen waste is promoted.

5. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the iron powder adding device (8) is arranged above the grinding material bin (12-3), and iron powder is automatically added into the grinding material bin (12-3) through the iron powder adding device (8).

6. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the grinding material feeding device is characterized in that a feeding inlet of the anaerobic fermentation device (10) is connected with a discharging port (12-8) of the grinding material bin (12-3) through a connecting pipe (6), a stirring device is arranged inside the anaerobic fermentation device (10), the stirring device comprises a second motor (10-1) and a stirrer (10-3), an air duct (10-2) for introducing nitrogen is further arranged on the upper portion of the anaerobic fermentation device (10), an air exhaust port (10-4) is formed in the upper portion of the side face of the anaerobic fermentation device (10), and a liquid discharge port (10-5) is formed in the lower portion of the side face of the anaerobic fermentation device (.

7. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat cyclic utilization device comprises an air exhaust fan (9), a ring pipe (13) and a conduction pipe, wherein the air exhaust fan (9) is arranged at one end of a material modification device (12) and is connected with the ring pipe (13) through the conduction pipe, the ring pipe (13) is embedded in an anaerobic fermentation device (10), hot air exhausted by the air exhaust fan (9) is cooled through the ring pipe (13), meanwhile, the material in the anaerobic fermentation device (10) is heated, so that the material in the anaerobic fermentation device (10) is maintained at a certain temperature, and the fermentation temperature is set to be 40-50 ℃.