CN213026493U

CN213026493U - Miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication

Info

Publication number: CN213026493U
Application number: CN202022599871.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周文颖; 逯迈
Original assignee: Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-11-11
Filing date: 2020-11-11
Publication date: 2021-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication, including the medium base plate, be equipped with a plurality of opening resonance ring on the medium base plate, opening resonance ring printing is on the medium base plate, use opening resonance ring place face as the front of medium base plate, use its relative face as the reverse side of medium base plate, the below printing of opening resonance ring has a plurality of linear type directors, the printing has first crooked line type excitation arm in the below of linear type directors, the printing of the below of first crooked line type excitation arm has first coplane strip line, bottom edge at the reverse side of medium base plate is equipped with the reflector, the printing of the top of reflector has second coplane strip line, the printing has second crooked line type excitation arm in the top of second coplane strip line, second crooked line type excitation arm and second coplane strip line connection; through the setting of 7 units accurate yagi antennas, can be on the basis of improving antenna gain effectual size of reducing the yagi antenna to reach the purpose that also strengthens its flexibility when improving antenna gain.

Description

Miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a small-size communication antenna field specifically is a miniaturized yagi aerial suitable for 5G communication.

Background

Wireless communication devices have been widely used in various fields such as learning, living, military, medical treatment, etc., and become a part of the society of today, and wireless communication technology has now been developed into the 5G era. The physical layer of the 5G communication network is the place with the largest difference with the 4G communication network, and the signal components are superposed after reflection, scattering and diffraction generated by different obstacles, so that the amplitude, phase or multipath experiment of the radio signal is rapidly changed in short-time or short-distance propagation, and small-scale fading is caused. On the other hand, electromagnetic field shadow effect is formed on a propagation path due to topographic relief, buildings and other obstacles in the propagation environment of the mobile communication channel; the loss caused by the propagation of electromagnetic waves in space forms path loss. Therefore, higher requirements are put on the transceiving antennas of the 5G network base station. Communication links between a large-scale 5G base station and multi-antenna users and between large-scale distributed antennas and users are affected by a composite fading channel consisting of small-scale fading and large-scale fading. To improve the radiation performance of the antenna array of the large-scale 5G base station terminal, the radiation performance of a single directional yagi antenna unit needs to be further improved.

At present, the antenna in the 5G field is widely applied to a yagi antenna, but the traditional yagi antenna has a narrow bandwidth which is not more than 500 MHz. If a 5G network is to be covered, a broadband yagi antenna comprising a 3.4-3.6 GHz frequency band needs to be added, so that the purpose that the 5G communication requirement of a subway can be met by adding the yagi antenna in a minimum number can be met, and the space high-frequency electromagnetic environment is increasingly complicated along with the fact that more and more intelligent communication devices are put into the construction, operation and maintenance of the 5G network. The existing high-gain directional yagi antenna has a large size exceeding 100mm, easily causes the problem of electromagnetic compatibility among different systems, and can also generate potential health influence on the public. Therefore, how to reduce the size of the yagi antenna while satisfying 5G communication becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the field of small communication antennas.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome prior art's yagi antenna because the narrower not enough that leads to needing the increase size just can provide the 5G communication of bandwidth in the construction and the fortune dimension of 5G network, a miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication is provided, through the setting of 7 units accurate yagi antennas, can be on the basis of improving antenna gain effectual size of reducing the yagi antenna to reach the purpose that also strengthens its flexibility when improving antenna gain.

The purpose of the utility model is mainly realized through the following technical scheme:

a small yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication comprises a medium substrate, wherein a plurality of opening resonance rings are arranged on the medium substrate, the opening resonance rings are printed on the medium substrate, the surface where the opening resonance rings are arranged is the front surface of the medium substrate, the opposite surface of the opening resonance rings is the back surface of the medium substrate, the opening resonance rings are positioned at the uppermost part of the front surface of the medium substrate, a plurality of linear directors are printed below the opening resonance rings, a first bent linear excitation arm is printed below the linear directors, a first coplanar strip line is printed below the first bent linear excitation arm, one end of the first coplanar strip line is connected with the bent linear excitation arm, the other end of the first coplanar strip line extends to the back surface of the medium substrate, a reflector is arranged at the bottom edge of the back surface of the medium substrate, a second coplanar strip line is printed above the reflector, and one end of the first coplanar strip line extending to the back surface of the medium substrate penetrates through the reflector and extends upwards and is connected with the second coplanar strip line And the extension direction of one end of the first bending line type excitation arm and one end of the second bending line type excitation arm far away from the coplanar strip line are in the same direction.

At present, the antenna in the 5G field is widely applied to a yagi antenna, but the traditional yagi antenna has a narrower bandwidth which is not more than 500 MHz; if a 5G network is to be covered, a broadband yagi antenna comprising a frequency band of 3.4-3.6 GHz needs to be added to meet the purpose that the requirement of 5G communication of a subway can be met only by adding the yagi antenna in a minimum quantity, the traditional yagi antenna is usually too large in size, due to the limitation of materials and size, the yagi antenna cannot use the antenna size to be conformal with the carrier surface, the traditional yagi antenna is narrow in working bandwidth, the relative bandwidth is generally within 5%, and the use of the yagi antenna in a track environment is greatly limited; by utilizing the advantages of the micro-strip antenna, such as small size, light weight and easy conformal property to other carriers, the quasi-yagi antenna combined with the yagi antenna can make up the defect of large and heavy volume of the traditional yagi antenna, and expand the application range of the yagi antenna; as a novel antenna, the microstrip quasi-yagi antenna uses a microstrip structure to replace a metal bar structure of the traditional yagi antenna, and the microstrip is printed on a single-layer dielectric substrate, so that the antenna structure is more compact and small; the utility model discloses well crooked line excitation arm and linear type director are printed in the front of medium substrate, set up the reflector of antenna at medium substrate reverse side, the active oscillator is the excitation source of yagi antenna, be used for providing the required energy of antenna radiation, and the passive oscillator itself does not feed, but if the passive oscillator is very close to the active oscillator and prevents, the passive oscillator will be excited with almost equal range by the active oscillator, receive the effect of active oscillator radiation field, will excite the galvanic current on the passive oscillator, thereby make the passive oscillator radiate the electromagnetic field, reflector in the passive oscillator makes the antenna form the break to the direction that the active oscillator belongs to through the electromagnetic energy that reflects the active oscillator radiation, and the director in the passive oscillator is the linear type performance that has strengthened the antenna through the electromagnetic energy that attracts the active oscillator radiation, the field intensity of receiving point is the vector sum of active oscillator radiation field and passive oscillator radiation field, the utility model discloses a quasi-yagi antenna comprises bending line excitation arm, linear type director, reflector, coplanar strip line four bibliographic categories branch, adopts survey and present the port feed, the whole setting of positive and negative two sides is the setting of 7 units quasi-yagi antenna, the first bending line type excitation arm and the second bending line type excitation arm in the utility model are both the excitation oscillator that the active oscillator represents, also can be used as bending line excitation arm, the excitation oscillator adopts the form of bending line to exist in the utility model, when the active oscillator is used as excitation arm to be fed, electromagnetic wave is generated in the space, induced current is generated on the linear type director through the coupling effect, the electromagnetic field of the active oscillator is offset by the reflector, the electromagnetic wave radiates outwards along the linear type director direction, the microstrip yagi antenna achieves the purpose of reducing the size and improving the antenna gain and flexibility, and because the first bending line type excitation arm and the second bending line type excitation arm are arc, electromagnetic wave propagation form is pressed close to more to curved excitation arm, and excitation arm, director and reflector are parallel to each other in the current yagi antenna, and all perpendicular to end-fire direction, and the utility model discloses a setting of bending line excitation arm makes the utility model discloses a yagi antenna has widened the impedance bandwidth to a certain extent to can effectual increase propagation efficiency, can excite the arc induced-current on the linear type director, can reduce the coupling energy between excitation arm and the director, also can reach and reduce accurate yagi antenna size, widen the purpose of accurate yagi antenna bandwidth.

Furthermore, the plurality of open resonator rings are arranged in parallel, and connecting lines of circle centers of all the open resonator rings are parallel to the edge of the medium substrate. Traditional accurate yagi antenna is through increasing the quantity increase gain that leads to the ware, nevertheless when increasing to a certain extent, its gain will no longer increase, and can increase the size of accurate yagi antenna, the utility model discloses in through increasing opening resonant ring array, reinforcing leads to the ascending induced-current of ware side to further promote antenna gain, thereby make the antenna size can obtain effectual control.

Further, the outer radius of the open resonant ring is 6mm, the inner radius of the open resonant ring is 5mm, the width of an open gap is 0.5mm, and the open resonant ring is made of metal. Because the metallic element structure is when being excited by perpendicular its surperficial time-varying magnetic field, through the structure of adjustment metallic element, can arouse the metallic element to produce special resonance ability, so the utility model discloses in adopt metallic structure's open resonator ring, when the loading in antenna radiation bore direction, can play director effect for antenna surface current concentrates on the end-fire direction, and can not receive the influence of antenna size and bandwidth, realizes the effect of promotion gain.

Further, the number of the linear directors is 5, the linear directors are parallel to each other, and the linear directors are also parallel to the edge of the dielectric substrate. The utility model discloses well 5 linear type directors produce induced-current for the electromagnetic field of active oscillator is offset by the reflector, and the electromagnetic wave can improve the gain of microstrip yagi antenna along director direction external radiation, and has reduced the size of antenna.

Further, the reflector is a metal patch. The utility model discloses in adopt metal material can exert the optimal condition with the coupling on the linear type director to improve the validity of antenna gain and flexibility.

Further, the length of the dielectric substrate is 65mm, the width of the dielectric substrate is 60mm, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.8 mm. The utility model provides a medium substrate size adopts long 65mm, and the width is 60mm, and thickness is 0.8 mm's finished product, has reached the biggest utilization ratio of medium substrate.

To sum up, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the utility model discloses in regard to the active oscillator as the excitation arm and produce the electromagnetic wave in the space after the feed, produce induced-current through the coupling effect on the linear type director, the electromagnetic field of active oscillator is offset by the reflector for the electromagnetic wave is along the outside radiation of linear type director direction, and microstrip yagi antenna has reached the purpose that reduces the size and improve antenna gain and flexibility.

(2) The utility model discloses in because the metallic element structure is when being excited by perpendicular its surperficial time-varying magnetic field, through the structure of adjustment metallic element, can arouse the metallic element to produce special resonance ability, so the utility model discloses in adopt metallic structure's open resonator ring, when the loading is in antenna radiation bore direction, can play director effect for antenna surface current concentrates on the end-fire direction, and can not receive the influence of antenna size and bandwidth, realizes the effect that promotes the gain.

(3) The utility model discloses a first crooked line type excitation arm and second crooked line type excitation arm are the arc, and the electromagnetic wave propagation form is pressed close to more to curved excitation arm to can effectual increase transmission efficiency, can excite out the arc induced-current on the linear type director, can reduce excitation arm and the coupling energy between the director, reach and reduce accurate yagi antenna size, widen the purpose of accurate yagi antenna bandwidth.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the reverse structure of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a graph of the antenna radiation performance of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the source port with feed;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reverse structure of the source port with feed;

the names indicated by the reference numerals are: 1-open resonant ring, 2-linear director, 3-first coplanar strip line, 4-first bent line type excitation arm, 5-second bent line type excitation arm, 6-second coplanar strip line, 7-reflector and 8-dielectric substrate.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention, and are not intended as limitations of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-2, a miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication includes a dielectric substrate 8, a plurality of open resonator rings 1 are disposed on the dielectric substrate 8, the open resonator rings 1 are printed on the dielectric substrate 8, a surface of the open resonator ring 1 is a front surface of the dielectric substrate 8, an opposite surface of the open resonator ring is a back surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the open resonator rings 1 are disposed on the uppermost surface of the dielectric substrate 8, a plurality of linear directors 2 are printed below the open resonator rings 1, a first curved linear excitation arm 4 is printed below the linear directors 2, a first coplanar strip 3 is printed below the first curved linear excitation arm 4, one end of the first coplanar strip 3 is connected to the curved linear excitation arm, the other end of the first coplanar strip 3 extends to the back surface of the dielectric substrate 8, a reflector 7 is disposed at a bottom edge of the back surface of the dielectric substrate 8, a second coplanar strip line 6 is printed above the reflector 7, one end of the first coplanar strip line 3, which extends to the reverse side of the dielectric substrate 8, penetrates through the reflector 7, extends upwards and is connected with the second coplanar strip line 6, a second bent line-shaped excitation arm 5 is printed above the second coplanar strip line 6, the first bent line-shaped excitation arm 4 and the second bent line-shaped excitation arm 5 are both arc sections with downward openings, connecting lines of end points at two ends of the first bent line-shaped excitation arm 4 and the second bent line-shaped excitation arm 5 are both parallel to the edge of the dielectric substrate 8, and the extending directions of the ends, which are far away from the coplanar strip lines, of the first bent line-shaped excitation arm 4 and the second bent line-shaped excitation arm 5 are in the same direction; the second bent linear excitation arm 5 is connected with a second coplanar strip line 6; the reflector 7 is a metal patch; the length of the dielectric substrate 8 is 65mm, the width of the dielectric substrate is 60mm, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.8 mm.

The yagi antenna is composed of a plurality of oscillators, in the antenna miniaturization process, the mutual coupling effect can be increased due to the fact that the distance between the oscillators is reduced, the input impedance of the active oscillator can be reduced due to the passive oscillator, and the yagi antenna can change along with the frequency more easily. The utility model discloses a setting is through bent line excitation arm, linear type director 2, reflector 7, coplane strip line four bibliographic categories divides to constitute, the whole setting on two positive and negative sides is the setting of the accurate yagi antenna of 7 units, produce the electromagnetic wave in the space after the active oscillator is fed as the excitation arm, produce induced-current through the coupling effect on the linear type director, the electromagnetic field of active oscillator is offset by the reflector, make the electromagnetic wave along the outside radiation of linear type director direction, microstrip yagi antenna has reached the purpose that reduces the size and improve antenna gain and flexibility.

In this embodiment by first crooked line type excitation arm 4 in practical application, second crooked line type excitation arm 5, linear director 2, reflector 7, first coplane stripline 3 and second coplane stripline 6 are constituteed, adopt and survey and present the port feed, the whole setting of positive and negative two sides is the setting of the quasi-yagi antenna of 7 units, so not only the effectual reduction of size, and through reducing the mutual coupling effect, the effectual gain that has produced the antenna, to the quasi-yagi antenna of different structures, carry out the parameter measurement for two sets of different experimental groups with linear excitation arm and crooked line excitation arm, the testing result is as follows:

table 1 parameter performance comparison table for different structure quasi-yagi antenna

As can be seen from table 1, after the size of the antenna is reduced, the bandwidth of the miniaturized quasi-yagi antenna based on the split ring resonator continues to be extended by 35%, and the gain is improved by 0.82 dBi. Therefore, by using the bent line excitation arm and the split ring structure, various radiation performances of the yagi antenna can be improved under the condition of reducing the size of the quasi-yagi antenna.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1 to 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the plurality of open resonator rings 1 are arranged in parallel, and a connection line of centers of all the open resonator rings 1 is parallel to an edge of the dielectric substrate 8; the outer radius of the opening resonance ring 1 is 6mm, the inner radius is 5mm, the width of an opening gap is 0.5mm, and the opening resonance ring is made of metal.

The split ring resonator 1 is a metal ring, and generates an induced electromagnetic field in a changing magnetic field perpendicular to the split ring resonator, but is not a resonant system. However, when a notch is added to each metal ring, charge will accumulate across the ends due to the capacitance formed. This split ring 1 thus resembles a resonant circuit with a capacitor.

For the split resonant ring 1, when the metal unit is excited by a time-varying magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the metal unit, the structure of the metal unit is adjusted to cause the metal unit to generate special resonance capability. When the antenna is loaded in the radiation aperture direction of the antenna, the antenna can play a role of a director, so that the surface current of the antenna is concentrated in the end-fire direction, the antenna is not influenced by the size and the bandwidth of the antenna, and the gain is improved.

Therefore, the present embodiment shows that by comparing the linear quasi-antenna and the miniaturized quasi-yagi antenna operating in the 5G frequency band, and the miniaturized quasi-yagi antenna based on the split ring resonator, the results show that: the size of the quasi-yagi antenna using the curved wire excitation arm is reduced by 28%. The bandwidth of the miniaturized quasi-yagi antenna without the split resonant ring is increased by 1.4 times, the gain is improved by 0.05dBi, the bandwidth of the miniaturized quasi-yagi antenna with the split resonant ring is increased by 2.3 times, and the gain is improved by 0.87 dBi.

The simulation experiment of the return loss is carried out on the embodiment, and the result of the simulation experiment of the return loss (S11) is shown in FIG. 3, wherein the frequency range of the S11 lower than-10 dB is 3.076-4.23 GHz, and the bandwidth is 1.154 GHz.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 1 to 2, in any of embodiments 1 and 2, the number of the linear directors 2 is 5, the linear directors 2 are parallel to each other, and the linear directors 2 are also parallel to the edge of the dielectric substrate 8. In the embodiment, 5 linear directors 2 are adopted to generate induction current, so that an electromagnetic field of the active oscillator is counteracted by the reflector, the electromagnetic wave can radiate outwards along the direction of the directors, the gain of the microstrip yagi antenna is improved, and the size of the antenna is reduced.

In this embodiment, the first curved linear excitation arm 4 and the linear director 2 are printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the metal patch is arranged on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 8 as a reflector of the antenna, when an active oscillator is used as the excitation arm to be fed, electromagnetic waves are generated in space, induced currents are generated on the 5 linear directors 2 through coupling, the electromagnetic field of the active oscillator is offset by the reflector 7, the electromagnetic waves are radiated outwards along the direction of the linear director 2, and the microstrip yagi antenna achieves the purposes of reducing the size and improving the gain and flexibility of the antenna.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, on the basis of any one of embodiments 1 to 3, the feed port is a feed port, and the feed port is located at the bottom of the dielectric substrate 8 and extends out of the dielectric substrate 8, and the feed port in this embodiment adopts an SAM port, and is connected with a 50-ohm coaxial cable through the SAM port to perform testing and signal transmission and reception.

The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication is characterized by comprising a medium substrate (8), wherein a plurality of opening resonance rings (1) are arranged on the medium substrate (8), the opening resonance rings (1) are printed on the medium substrate (8), the surface where the opening resonance rings (1) are arranged is the front surface of the medium substrate (8), the opposite surface of the opening resonance rings is the back surface of the medium substrate (8), the opening resonance rings (1) are positioned on the uppermost part of the front surface of the medium substrate (8), a plurality of linear directors (2) are printed below the opening resonance rings (1), a first bent line type excitation arm (4) is printed below the linear directors (2), a first coplanar strip line (3) is printed below the first bent line type excitation arm (4), one end of the first coplanar strip line (3) is connected with the bent line excitation arm, the other end of the dielectric substrate (8) extends to the reverse side of the dielectric substrate, a reflector (7) is arranged at the bottom edge of the reverse side of the dielectric substrate (8), a second coplanar strip line (6) is printed above the reflector (7), one end of the first coplanar strip line (3) extending to the reverse side of the dielectric substrate (8) penetrates through the reflector (7) and extends upwards and is connected with the second coplanar strip line (6), a second bent linear excitation arm (5) is printed above the second coplanar strip line (6), the second bent linear excitation arm (5) is connected with the second coplanar strip line (6), the first bent linear excitation arm (4) and the second bent linear excitation arm (5) are arc sections with downward openings, and connecting lines of end points at two ends of the first bent linear excitation arm (4) and the second bent linear excitation arm (5) are parallel to the edge of the dielectric substrate (8), the extension directions of the ends, far away from the coplanar strip line, of the first bent-line-type excitation arm (4) and the second bent-line-type excitation arm (5) are the same.

2. The miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of split resonant rings (1) are arranged in parallel, and a connecting line of centers of all the split resonant rings (1) is parallel to an edge of the dielectric substrate (8).

3. A miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication according to claim 2, wherein the split ring resonator (1) has an outer radius of 6mm, an inner radius of 5mm, a split slot width of 0.5mm and is made of metal.

4. A miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the number of the linear directors is 5, the linear directors are parallel to each other, and the linear directors are parallel to the edge of the dielectric substrate (8).

5. A miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the reflector (7) is a metal patch.

6. A miniaturized yagi antenna suitable for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate (8) has a length of 65mm, a width of 60mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm.