CN212993202U - Agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device - Google Patents
Agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212993202U CN212993202U CN202021976761.8U CN202021976761U CN212993202U CN 212993202 U CN212993202 U CN 212993202U CN 202021976761 U CN202021976761 U CN 202021976761U CN 212993202 U CN212993202 U CN 212993202U
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- drought
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an agricultural meteorological drought simulation test observation device, which comprises a plurality of soil moisture control pools (1), wherein the inner side wall of each soil moisture control pool is provided with a waterproof layer (2), the bottom of each soil moisture control pool is communicated with the ground, and soil (3) is backfilled in each soil moisture control pool in a layered manner; a plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors (4), wherein at least one soil temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in each soil moisture control pool; and the rain shielding greenhouses (5) are movably arranged above the soil moisture control pools (1). The utility model provides an agricultural meteorological arid analogue test observation device can simulate actual field planting state, and reducible microclimate is to the influence of crops, and experimental data is more accurate, is favorable to scientific aassessment crops key growth period water demand and to the resistance of drought coercion and aassessment agricultural meteorological arid to the influence of crops growth development, output and quality, provides the foundation for the arid influence of scientific reply.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of meteorological equipment, concretely relates to agricultural meteorological arid analogue test observation device.
Background
Agricultural weather drought is a weather disaster which has the most serious influence on agriculture, the agricultural drought resistance is weak, and particularly with the alternate development of traditional agriculture and modern agriculture, the drought brings great pressure to agricultural high yield, stable yield, agricultural economic growth and agricultural industrial benefit. In order to understand the influence of agricultural weather drought of different levels on crops, agricultural weather drought tests and observation need to be carried out. In the related art, one mode of agricultural weather drought simulation is to adopt a pot experiment, each pot is planted as a single plant, and the influence of agricultural weather drought of different grades on crops is simulated by controlling soil moisture, however, the test mode has great difference with actual field planting, and the test data is inaccurate. The other mode is to develop agricultural weather drought simulation in a field and build a fixed or movable rain-shielding greenhouse, but the greenhouse effect has great influence on microclimates such as temperature, sunshine and the like in a control area, so that the growth of crops is obviously influenced, and the test data is inaccurate.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving at least one of the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides an agricultural meteorological arid analogue test observation device.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an agricultural meteorological arid analogue test observation device, includes:
the soil moisture control pond is characterized by comprising a plurality of soil moisture control ponds, wherein a waterproof layer is arranged on the inner side wall of each soil moisture control pond, the bottom of each soil moisture control pond is communicated with the ground, and soil is backfilled in each soil moisture control pond in a layered mode;
the soil moisture control device comprises a plurality of soil moisture sensors, wherein at least one soil moisture sensor is arranged in each soil moisture control pool;
the rain shielding greenhouse is movably arranged above each soil moisture control pool.
As a further improvement, a plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in each soil moisture control pool and are arranged in layers according to the soil.
As a further improvement, the rain shelter comprises an inner shelter and an outer shelter which are arranged in a nested mode, and the inner shelter and the outer shelter are movably arranged above the soil moisture control pools through rails arranged on the ground.
As a further improvement, the rain shelter is composed of a steel frame and transparent plastic plates arranged on the steel frame.
As a further improvement, the soil moisture control pools are fifteen and are arranged in 3 x 5 rows.
As a further improvement, the soil is backfilled in five layers.
As a further improvement, the system also comprises a meteorological station arranged outside the soil moisture control pool.
The utility model provides an agricultural weather arid analogue test observation device, include: the soil moisture control pond is characterized by comprising a plurality of soil moisture control ponds, wherein a waterproof layer is arranged on the inner side wall of each soil moisture control pond, the bottom of each soil moisture control pond is communicated with the ground, and soil is backfilled in each soil moisture control pond in a layered mode; the soil moisture control device comprises a plurality of soil moisture sensors, wherein at least one soil moisture sensor is arranged in each soil moisture control pool; the rain shielding greenhouse is movably arranged above each soil moisture control pool. When the utility model is used, uniform crops for testing are planted in each soil moisture control pool, the early management is carried out according to a uniform field management mode, the soil moisture supply in the early stage is ensured, drought does not occur, the rain shelter is closed in rainy days and opened in sunny days in the key growth period of the crops, natural rainfall is controlled to enter the soil moisture control pool, the agricultural weather drought states of five grades of drought, light drought, intermediate drought, heavy drought and extra heavy drought are controlled by artificially replenishing water according to the rainfall and the soil moisture monitoring, the soil moisture condition is observed by utilizing the soil temperature and humidity sensor through the agricultural weather drought simulation of the five grades, the growth condition and the physiological and biochemical indexes of the crops after drought are observed by combining the weather elements such as weather, humidity and sunshine observed by the weather observation station, and later production formation and quality testing. By analyzing the influence of different drought degrees on the key growth period of crops, the water requirement and the resistance to drought stress of the crops in the key growth period are evaluated, the influence of agricultural weather drought on the growth development, yield and quality of the crops is evaluated, and scientific basis is provided for scientifically coping with the influence of drought. The utility model provides an agricultural meteorological arid analogue test observation device can simulate actual field planting state, and reducible microclimate to the influence of crops, and experimental data is more accurate, is favorable to scientific aassessment crops key growth phase water demand and to the resistance that the arid was threatened, aassessment agricultural meteorological arid to the influence of crops growth development, output and quality, provides the foundation for the arid influence of scientific reply.
Drawings
The present invention is further explained by using the drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the following drawings without any inventive work.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of a soil water control pool of an agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the observation device for the agrometeorology drought simulation test after the rain-sheltering greenhouse is removed.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rain-shielding greenhouse of the observation device for the agricultural weather drought simulation test.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.
The utility model discloses a core lies in that design and one set of agricultural meteorology arid analogue test observation facility of construction, through establishing soil moisture control facility, portable rain-shading big-arch shelter, agricultural meteorology arid data acquisition, realizes the arid simulation of agricultural meteorology, develops agricultural meteorology arid test and observes.
Combine fig. 1 to fig. 3 to show, the embodiment of the utility model provides an agrometeorology drought analogue test observation device, include a plurality of soil moisture control pond 1, a plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensor 4 and hide rain big-arch shelter 5.
The inside wall in soil moisture control pond 1 is provided with waterproof layer 2, the bottom and the ground intercommunication in soil moisture control pond 1, every soil moisture control pond is long 5 meters, wide 3 meters, dark 1.5 meters, soil moisture control pond is with brick-concrete structure construction pool wall, the interior week of pool wall need apply paint waterproof material with a brush or cover waterproof material and form waterproof layer 2, the natural seepage is realized with the ground intercommunication in the bottom, thus, through pool wall water-proof measure, the soil moisture in adjacent soil moisture control pond 1 has been avoided influencing each other, can realize mutually independent soil moisture control. The soil moisture control pools 1 are fifteen and are arranged according to 3 x 5, the horizontal distance between every two pools is 0.5 m, the longitudinal distance between every two pools is 0.5 m, the arrangement mode can be used for carrying out 5-level agricultural weather drought monitoring of no-drought, light, medium, heavy and extra-heavy, and 3 soil moisture control pools are arranged at each level to ensure 3 repeated observations.
The soil 3 is filled back in the soil moisture control pool 1 in a layered manner; the basic principle of soil backfilling of each soil moisture control pool is that the soil is taken from the same source, and the natural structure of the soil layer is maintained as much as possible. Specifically, the soil backfilling adopts a layered backfilling mode, undisturbed soil is dug to be 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and below 80 cm, 5 layers of soil are respectively bagged and backfilled into the soil moisture control pool layer by layer, and the planting condition of the field can be simulated actually by adopting the backfilling of the undisturbed soil.
At least one soil temperature and humidity sensor 4 is arranged in each soil moisture control pool 1; specifically, a plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors 4 are arranged in each soil moisture control pool 1, and the plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors 4 are arranged according to the soil 3 in a layered mode, so that the real-time monitoring of the temperature and the humidity of the soil moisture is realized. Specifically, five soil temperature and humidity sensors 4 are installed in each soil moisture control pool in a layered manner, and the relative humidity and the soil temperature of 10cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm and 90cm of soil are observed.
The rain shielding greenhouse 5 is movably arranged above each soil moisture control pool 1, both ends and both sides of the rain shielding greenhouse 5 are of open structures, the rain shielding greenhouse is ventilated and breathable all around, and the greenhouse effect is avoided. The rain shielding greenhouse 5 is composed of a steel frame 53 and transparent plastic plates 54 arranged on the steel frame 53, the influence on sunshine is reduced as much as possible, each square meter is about 10 kilograms, the total weight is about 4500 kilograms, the rain shielding greenhouse moves to a test area in a rainy day, namely the soil moisture control pool 1 to shield, and the rain shielding greenhouse is withdrawn in the rainy day.
As a further preferred embodiment, in order to save the space of the greenhouse arrangement area, a double-greenhouse application form is adopted, the rain-shielding greenhouse 5 comprises an inner greenhouse 51 and an outer greenhouse 52 which are nested, and the inner greenhouse 51 and the outer greenhouse 52 are movably arranged above the respective soil moisture control pools 1 through rails 6 arranged on the ground. Place when not using and place the district at double-deck big-arch shelter, slide the big-arch shelter during use and shelter from the district, outer canopy length 16 meters, wide 15 meters, interior canopy length 16 meters, wide 13 meters, take up an area of 16 meters after folding, can shelter from 28 meters's region after opening, practiced thrift and place the land space. According to the design of the greenhouse, 50-meter double rails are required to be built in the whole length, the base is 0.5-1 meter deep and 1 meter far away from a soil moisture control part, the distance between the two rails is 1 meter, the rails are required to be horizontal and can bear 4500 kg of weight of the greenhouse, special attention is paid to preventing settlement, the rails and the greenhouse are required to be ditched and drained around, and peripheral water is prevented from flowing into the moisture control area.
In a further preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a meteorological station 7 arranged outside the soil moisture control pond 1. The weather observation station 7 is a small automatic weather station, and realizes automatic observation of microclimates such as ambient weather temperature, humidity, sunlight, wind speed and the like.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an agricultural weather drought analogue test observation device's experiment and observation step are as follows:
1. the method comprises the steps of planting test crops, planting uniform test crops such as vegetables and hot peppers in a soil moisture control pool, carrying out early-stage management according to a uniform field management mode, ensuring early-stage soil moisture supply and avoiding drought.
2. The method comprises the steps of controlling agricultural weather drought of different grades, closing a shed in rainy days and opening the shed in sunny days in the key growth period of crops, controlling natural rainfall to enter a soil moisture control pool, and controlling the conditions of no drought, light drought, medium drought, heavy drought, extra heavy drought and 5 grades of agricultural weather drought of different soil moisture control pools by artificially and properly supplementing water according to the number of days without rain and soil moisture monitoring.
3. The method comprises the steps of agricultural weather drought observation, wherein 5 grades of agricultural weather drought simulation is performed, soil moisture conditions are observed by using a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a weather observation station observes weather elements such as weather, humidity and sunshine, and then conditions such as growth and development conditions, physiological and biochemical indexes, late yield formation and quality test of crops after drought are observed.
4. Scientific experimental analysis is carried out, the influence of different drought degrees on the key growth period of crops is analyzed, the water requirement and the resistance to drought stress of the crops in the key growth period are evaluated, the influence of agricultural meteorological drought on the growth, the yield and the quality of the crops is evaluated, and scientific basis is provided for scientifically coping with the influence of drought.
In the description above, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
In conclusion, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be noted that, although various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, unless such changes and modifications depart from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an agricultural weather drought analogue test observation device which characterized in that includes:
the soil moisture control system comprises a plurality of soil moisture control pools (1), wherein the inner side walls of the soil moisture control pools (1) are provided with waterproof layers (2), the bottoms of the soil moisture control pools (1) are communicated with the ground, and soil (3) is filled back in the soil moisture control pools (1) in a layered mode;
a plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors (4), wherein at least one soil temperature and humidity sensor (4) is arranged in each soil moisture control pool (1);
and the rain shielding greenhouses (5) are movably arranged above the soil moisture control pools (1).
2. The agricultural weather-and-drought simulation test observation device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors (4) are arranged in each soil moisture control pool (1), and the plurality of soil temperature and humidity sensors (4) are arranged in layers according to the soil (3).
3. The agricultural weather-meteorological drought simulation test observation device according to claim 1, wherein the rain-shielding greenhouse (5) comprises an inner greenhouse (51) and an outer greenhouse (52) which are arranged in a nested manner, and the inner greenhouse (51) and the outer greenhouse (52) are movably arranged above the soil-moisture control pools (1) through rails (6) arranged on the ground.
4. The agricultural weather-and-drought simulation test observation device according to claim 3, wherein the rain-sheltering greenhouse (5) is composed of a steel frame (53) and transparent plastic plates (54) arranged on the steel frame (53).
5. The agrometorological drought simulation test observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the soil moisture control ponds (1) are fifteen and are arranged by 3 x 5.
6. The agro-meteorological drought simulation test observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soil (3) is backfilled with five layers.
7. The agricultural weather-meteorological drought simulation test observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a weather observation station (7) arranged outside the soil-water control pond (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021976761.8U CN212993202U (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device |
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| CN202021976761.8U CN212993202U (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device |
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| CN212993202U true CN212993202U (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114885711A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-12 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114885711A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-12 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Agricultural weather drought simulation test observation device |
| CN114885711B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-06-13 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Agricultural meteorological drought simulation test observation device |
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