CN212842058U

CN212842058U - Air cooling photovoltaic light and heat subassembly and combination structure of building

Info

Publication number: CN212842058U
Application number: CN202020670351.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严辉; 赵文康; 韩昌报; 郑嘉煜; 汪浩; 张永哲
Original assignee: Beijing University of Technology
Current assignee: Beijing University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2020-04-27
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-27

Abstract

A combined structure of an air-cooled photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly and a building relates to the technical field of indoor air purification and energy utilization. Air-cooled PVTs added with air purification devices are classified into wall-mounted type and roof inclined type according to different PVT positions. The air-cooled PVT can be placed on a wall facing the sun or obliquely placed on a roof facing the sun, two air inlets are arranged, one air inlet is an outdoor air inlet, the other air inlet is an indoor air inlet, and the air inlets are controlled by a three-way valve. The air can rely on solar cell panel to produce the difference in temperature from top to bottom, realizes natural convection. When sunlight irradiates the PVT, electric energy generated by the solar panels can be converted into exportable current through an inverter (DC/AC) and then transmitted to the power station for redistribution.

Description

Air cooling photovoltaic light and heat subassembly and combination structure of building

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of indoor air purification and energy utilization, in particular to an air-cooling photovoltaic photo-thermal component and building combined structure with an air purification device.

Background

The contradiction between the continuous deterioration of the environment and the huge amount of fossil energy is severe day by day, which not only threatens the health and survival of human beings, but also hinders the sustainable development of social economy.

Since the industrial revolution, the energy consumption of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum is rapidly increased, the ecological environment is continuously deteriorated, and the air pollution is increased. And with the increasing global population, the global energy demand is also increasing year by year. Global energy demand is expected to double in 2050. At present, the energy storage capacity of China is at the forefront of the world, and is also the second largest energy producing country and consuming country in the world. The Chinese energy mainly comprises non-renewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum and the like, and the renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy have lower development and utilization degrees. Photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) modules are currently one of the most dominant ways to utilize solar energy. In addition, while a large amount of non-renewable energy is consumed, pollutants such as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), PM2.5 and the like are also discharged into the air, and the health of human beings is seriously threatened. Pollutants such as VOCs and PM2.5 mainly come from the emission of automobile exhaust, the combustion of fuel and the release of building decoration materials (plates and paint). If a person is exposed to pollutants such as VOCs, PM2.5 and the like for a long time, mucosa can be stimulated, and respiratory diseases such as rhinitis, tracheitis, pneumonia and the like are caused.

When sunlight irradiates the air-cooled PVT, the solar panel can convert light energy into electric energy and heat energy. When the temperature is too high, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell panel may be decreased. The air-cooled PVT collects and stores heat of the solar cell panel by taking air as a cooling medium, so that the temperature of the solar cell panel is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. The heat energy of the air-cooled PVT is mainly utilized in winter, and the PVT can heat air flowing from the outdoor to the indoor so as to save energy for the subsequent heating of the indoor air. But winter is also the most severe season of air pollution. At present, air-cooled PVTs are directly connected with rooms, an air filtering device is not arranged in the middle, and although air flowing from the outdoors to the indoors is heated in the using process, the indoor air pollution is also increased. The development of air-cooled PVTs is limited by the short service time and lack of air-cleaning capability of the air-cooled PVTs themselves. It is necessary to improve the usage rate of the air-cooled PVT and to increase the air cleaning capability. Thus, the air-cooled PVT can be well applied in four seasons, and can also heat and purify air flowing from the outdoor to the indoor. Thereby saving energy and simultaneously playing a good air purification effect.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a add air cooling PVT of air purification device and new mode and structure that the building combines improve air cooling PVT rate of utilization and air purification ability.

Adding a structure of combining air cooling PVT of an air purification device with a building;

the solar cell panel in the air-cooled PVT is connected with a power station (8) through an inverter (DC/AC) (7) and is divided into the wall-mounted or roof-inclined air-cooled PVT added with the air purification device according to different positions of the air-cooled PVT; meanwhile, the air-cooled PVT (5) is placed on a wall facing the sun and is called a corresponding wall-mounted type, or is obliquely placed on a roof facing the sun and is called a corresponding roof inclined type; the air-cooled PVT air inlet is connected with one way of a three-way valve, the other way of the three-way valve is communicated with outdoor atmosphere to be used as an outdoor air inlet (1), the third way is communicated with the indoor bottom to be used as an air inlet (2) of the indoor bottom, and the air inlet is controlled by the three-way valve; the air-cooled PVT air outlet is connected with one of three-way valves, the other of the three-way valves is communicated with outdoor atmosphere to serve as an outdoor air outlet (3), the third way is communicated with the indoor top to serve as an air outlet (4) of the indoor top, and an air purification device (6) is arranged on a third way pipeline corresponding to the air outlet (4) of the indoor top; the selection of the air outlet is controlled by a three-way valve; when the air is discharged from the air outlet and enters the room, the air passes through the air purification device, and the air purification effect is achieved.

The physical location of the air-cooled PVT inlet is lower than the physical location of the air-cooled PVT outlet.

A fan (9) is installed at the inlet of the PVT or at the outlet of the PVT to adjust the air flow rate and thus the indoor ventilation. Under general conditions, the electric fan does not need to be started, and the air can generate the temperature difference from top to bottom by means of the solar cell panel, so that natural convection is realized.

When sunlight irradiates PVT, electric energy generated by the battery panel can be converted into outputtable current through an inverter (DC/AC), and then the current is transmitted to a power station for redistribution, so that the electric energy can be used for loading electric devices, and can also be transmitted to a national power grid. The heat generated by the solar panel is taken away by the air and is exhausted to the outdoor or indoor.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of an air-cooled PVT of a wall-mounted air purification apparatus and fig. 3 is a structural view of an air-cooled PVT of a roof-inclined air purification apparatus.

The air-cooled PVT is mainly formed by overlapping four parts of transparent glass, a solar cell panel, a reducing heat conducting adhesive and a cooling medium flow channel in sequence; the solar panel is mainly formed by superposing a photovoltaic cell and a substrate; the structure of the air-cooled PVT is as follows: the upper layer is made of transparent glass, the lower layer of the transparent glass is bonded with the upper surface of the photovoltaic cell through an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film, the lower surface of the photovoltaic cell is bonded with the upper surface of the base through an EVA adhesive film, and the lower surface of the base is bonded with the upper surface of the cooling medium runner through a reduction heat-conducting adhesive; the outlet and the inlet of the cooling medium flow channel correspond to an air cooling PVT air outlet and an air inlet.

The substrate adopts a light and weather-resistant TPT or TPE structural plastic film; the cooling medium flow channel adopts a cavity structure prepared from materials with good light heat conductivity coefficient, such as aluminum or aluminum-copper alloy. The base and the cooling medium flow channel are bonded by the reducing heat conducting adhesive. When sunlight irradiates, the solar cell panel can convert light energy into electric energy and heat energy. When the temperature is too high, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell panel may be decreased. The air-cooled PVT uses air as a cooling medium to collect and store heat of the solar cell panel, so that the temperature of the solar cell panel is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.

The air purification device adopts a purification device filled with active carbon or a fibrous carrier nano friction enhanced manganese oxide purification device.

Purification device with activated carbon: the activated carbon is directly filled into a square or round box. The advantages are that: the price is low; the disadvantages are as follows: the phenomenon of adsorption saturation and desorption can occur to cause secondary pollution, so the active carbon needs to be replaced regularly.

The fibrous carrier nanometer friction reinforced manganese oxide purifying device can be seen in the published invention patent 201910844472.8.

The method for loading the manganese oxide C on the electronegative fiber carrier A is various, simple and feasible, and can be realized by directly soaking the fiber A with strong electronegativity into a suspension of the manganese oxide C, and drying after deposition. The fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity and loaded with the manganese oxide C and the metal net or the nylon fiber B are stacked together, when VOC gas passes through the fiber cloth, vibration friction is generated on the fibers, and then electron transfer is generated, so that the fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity is provided with electrons, the surface of the metal or nylon fiber B is provided with positive charges, the electron density of the surface of the fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity is increased, the generation of oxygen anions and hydroxyl is promoted, and the efficiency and the service life of removing organic pollutants by the manganese oxide are improved. (see fig. 4 for a fibrous support nano-friction enhanced VOC removal mechanism).

The fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity and the metal net or the nylon fiber B can be made into grid-type fiber cloth, which is beneficial to the passage of gas and increases the specific surface area of reaction. Then the fiber carrier A which is loaded with the manganese oxide C and has strong electronegativity and the metal mesh or the nylon fiber B are stacked in a square or round box, so that the organic pollutants can be decomposed, and dust particles can be adsorbed and blocked.

The advantages are that: can decompose organic pollutants, does not cause the phenomenon of adsorption saturation desorption, and can be used for a long time. In addition, the heat energy of PVT can promote the catalytic reaction of the catalyst, thereby improving the catalytic efficiency and prolonging the service life. The disadvantage is that the catalyst needs to be prepared by itself compared with the activated carbon, but the preparation method is simple and feasible.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structure of a wall-mounted air-cooled PVT with an additional air purification device combined with a building;

FIG. 2 is a partial structure of a building combined with a roof inclined air-cooled PVT with an added air cleaning device;

the air conditioner comprises an outdoor air inlet (1), an indoor air inlet (2) at the bottom, an outdoor air outlet (3), an indoor air outlet (4) at the top, an air-cooled PVT (5), an air purification device (6), an inverter (DC/AC) (7), a power station (8) and a fan (9).

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an air-cooled PVT configuration.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fibrous carrier nano friction enhanced manganese oxide purification device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

The structure is shown in figures 1-4.

And (3) controlling the operation condition of the system:

summer: heat insulation and preservation

In summer, the outdoor temperature is high, and the indoor temperature is low. The air inlet 1 admits air, and 3 gas outlets are given vent to anger, not only can take away the heat that PVT produced, improve photovoltaic efficiency, but also can form the wind wall between PVT, and the conduction of separation heat to the wall plays thermal-insulated heat retaining effect. The outdoor temperature is low and the indoor temperature is high at night in summer. At night, the PVT does not work, and neither electric energy nor heat energy can be generated. The air inlet 1 is used for air inlet, the air outlet 4 is used for air outlet, and the purified low-temperature air can be introduced into the room.

In winter: heating and purifying

In winter, the outdoor temperature is low, and the indoor temperature is high. 2 the air inlet admits air, and 4 gas outlets give vent to anger, and indoor gas not only can the heated air when passing through PVT, but also can reduce solar cell panel's heat, improves photovoltaic efficiency. Then the air is purified by the air purification device and finally discharged to the indoor. Can heat and purify indoor air. The whole system does not work at night in winter.

Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of an air-cooled PVT with a wall-mounted air purification device and fig. 3 is a structure of an air-cooled PVT with a roof-inclined air purification device.

A new way of combining air cooling PVT of an air purification device with a building.

Air-cooled PVTs added with air purification devices can be classified into wall-mounted type and roof inclined type according to different positions of the PVTs. The air-cooled PVT can be placed on a sunny wall or a sunny roof in an inclined mode, two air inlets are arranged, one air inlet is an outdoor air inlet 1, the other air inlet is an indoor air inlet 2, and the air inlets are controlled by a three-way valve. The inlet of the PVT is provided with a fan which can also be arranged at the outlet of the PVT and is used for adjusting the speed of the air flow and further adjusting the indoor ventilation. Under general conditions, the electric fan does not need to be started, and the air can generate the temperature difference from top to bottom by means of the solar cell panel, so that natural convection is realized. When sunlight irradiates PVT, electric energy generated by the battery panel can be converted into outputtable current through an inverter (DC/AC), and then the current is transmitted to a power station for redistribution, so that the electric energy can be used for loading electric devices, and can also be transmitted to a national power grid. The heat generated by the solar panel is taken away by the air and is exhausted to the outdoor or indoor. The air outlets are divided into two parts, one is an outdoor air outlet 3, the other is an indoor air outlet 4, and the air outlets are controlled by a three-way valve. When the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 4, the gas passes through the air purification device, and the effect of air purification is achieved.

An air purification device:

1. purification device with activated carbon:

the activated carbon is directly filled into a square or round box. The advantages are that: the price is low; the disadvantages are as follows: the phenomenon of adsorption saturation and desorption can occur to cause secondary pollution, so the active carbon needs to be replaced regularly.

2. Fibrous carrier nanometer friction reinforcing manganese oxide purifier:

the method for loading the manganese oxide C on the fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity is simple and feasible, and can be realized by directly soaking the fiber A with strong electronegativity into a suspension of the manganese oxide C, and drying after deposition. The fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity and loaded with the manganese oxide C and the metal net or the nylon fiber B are stacked together, when VOC gas passes through the fiber cloth, the fibers can generate vibration friction, and then electron transfer is generated, so that the fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity is provided with electrons, the surface of the metal or nylon fiber B is provided with positive charges, the electron density of the surface of the fiber carrier A with strong electronegativity is increased, the generation of oxygen anions and hydroxyl is promoted, and the efficiency and the service life of removing organic pollutants by the manganese oxide are improved. (FIG. 4 shows the VOC removal mechanism diagram of the fibrous carrier nano friction enhanced manganese oxide)

Claims

1. A combined structure of an air-cooled photovoltaic photo-thermal component and a building is characterized in that a solar panel in an air-cooled PVT is in circuit connection with a power station (8) through an inverter (DC/AC) (7), and the air-cooled PVT is divided into a wall-mounted or roof-inclined air-cooled PVT added with an air purification device according to different positions of the air-cooled PVT; meanwhile, the air-cooled PVT (5) is placed on a wall facing the sun and is called a corresponding wall-mounted type, or is obliquely placed on a roof facing the sun and is called a corresponding roof inclined type; the air-cooled PVT air inlet is connected with one way of a three-way valve, the other way of the three-way valve is communicated with outdoor atmosphere to be used as an outdoor air inlet (1), the third way is communicated with the indoor bottom to be used as an air inlet (2) of the indoor bottom, and the air inlet is controlled by the three-way valve; the air-cooled PVT air outlet is connected with one of three-way valves, the other of the three-way valves is communicated with outdoor atmosphere to serve as an outdoor air outlet (3), the third way is communicated with the indoor top to serve as an air outlet (4) of the indoor top, and an air purification device (6) is arranged on a third way pipeline corresponding to the air outlet (4) of the indoor top; the selection of the air outlet is controlled by a three-way valve; when the air is discharged from the air outlet and enters the room, the air passes through the air purification device, and the air purification effect is achieved.

2. An air-cooled photovoltaic and thermal module and building combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein the air-cooled PVT inlet is physically located lower than the air-cooled PVT outlet.

3. An air-cooled photovoltaic and thermal module and building combination as claimed in claim 1 wherein a fan (9) is installed at the PVT inlet or at the PVT outlet to adjust the air velocity and hence the indoor ventilation.

4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the air-cooled PVT is mainly composed of transparent glass, solar panels, reducing heat-conducting glue and cooling medium channels in sequence; the solar panel is mainly formed by superposing a photovoltaic cell and a substrate; the structure of the air-cooled PVT is as follows: the upper layer is made of transparent glass, the lower layer of the transparent glass is bonded with the upper surface of the photovoltaic cell through an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film, the lower surface of the photovoltaic cell is bonded with the upper surface of the base through an EVA adhesive film, and the lower surface of the base is bonded with the upper surface of the cooling medium runner through a reduction heat-conducting adhesive; the outlet and the inlet of the cooling medium flow channel correspond to an air cooling PVT air outlet and an air inlet.

5. An air-cooled photovoltaic photothermal module and building combination structure according to claim 4 wherein the substrate is a light-weight, weather-resistant TPT or TPE structural plastic film; the cooling medium flow channel adopts a cavity structure prepared from materials with good light heat conductivity coefficient, such as aluminum or aluminum-copper alloy.

6. The combined structure of the air-cooled photovoltaic photothermal module and the building according to claim 1, wherein the air purification device is a purification device filled with activated carbon or a fibrous carrier nano friction enhanced manganese oxide purification device;

purification device with activated carbon: directly filling activated carbon into a square or round box;

fibrous carrier nanometer friction reinforcing manganese oxide purifier: the method comprises the steps of loading manganese oxide C on an electronegative fiber carrier A, stacking the fiber carrier A loaded with the manganese oxide C and having strong electronegativity with a metal net or nylon fiber B together, wherein when VOC gas passes through fiber cloth, the fiber can generate vibration friction, and then electron transfer is generated, so that electrons are carried on the fiber carrier A having strong electronegativity, the surface of the metal or nylon fiber B has positive charges, the electron density of the surface A having strong electronegativity is increased, the generation of oxygen anions and hydroxyl groups is promoted, and the efficiency and the service life of the manganese oxide for removing organic pollutants are improved.

7. An air-cooled photovoltaic photothermal module and building combined structure according to claim 4 wherein the fiber support A with strong electronegativity and the metal mesh or nylon fiber B are made into a mesh type fiber cloth, which facilitates the passage of gas and increases the specific surface area of reaction; then, the fiber carrier a with strong electronegativity loaded with manganese oxide C and the metal mesh or nylon fiber B are stacked in a square or round box.