CN212840714U

CN212840714U - Storage ventilation structure of hydrogen tank

Info

Publication number: CN212840714U
Application number: CN202021027012.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 栾逢时; 李捷; 于宏海; 韩辉; 王鑫; 常磊; 李闫; 宋玉晨; 姜秀丽; 付颖涛
Original assignee: Beijing Lead Electric Equipment Co Ltd; Beijing Huashang Sanyou New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Lead Electric Equipment Co Ltd; Beijing Huashang Sanyou New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-06
Filing date: 2020-06-06
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-06

Abstract

The utility model relates to a storage ventilation structure of hydrogen gas jar, it is including the box of seting up the circulation cavity and arranging the hydrogen gas jar in the circulation cavity in, the box includes bottom plate, curb plate and roof, the curb plate runs through and sets up the opening that supplies the gas to flow through. The utility model has the advantages that the hydrogen in the cavity will circulate is discharged, takes a breath with external atmosphere intercommunication, prevents that hydrogen increases along with time in the circulation cavity, and hydrogen concentration constantly increases, the accident that explodes to guarantee the safety in the hydrogen jar storage transportation.

Description

Storage ventilation structure of hydrogen tank

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel technique electricity generation and specifically relates to a storage ventilation structure of hydrogen jar is related to.

Background

In the face of an increasingly serious energy crisis, hydrogen energy will become one of the main energy sources for the future of human beings due to its outstanding advantages of high combustion efficiency, clean combustion products, easy low-cost storage and transportation, diversified use, abundant storage capacity and the like. The hydrogen energy is regarded as the clean energy with the most development potential in the 21 st century, three key technologies of hydrogen preparation, storage and application must be solved to realize the large-scale application of the hydrogen energy, especially the storage of hydrogen is an essential link, but because the hydrogen is a flammable and explosive substance, how to safely, cheaply and long-term store the hydrogen becomes the key of hydrogen energy utilization.

At present, hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen tank, but the hydrogen tank cannot be completely sealed due to the sealing performance of the hydrogen tank, so that partial hydrogen still leaks from the hydrogen tank, and explosion is caused when the concentration of the hydrogen in the air is too high, so that the ventilation structure of the hydrogen storage container is made to have important significance for the storage of the hydrogen tank.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the not enough of prior art existence, one of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a guarantee the storage ventilation structure of the timely ventilative hydrogen jar of hydrogen jar storage environment.

The above utility model discloses an above-mentioned utility model purpose can realize through following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hydrogen gas jar store ventilation structure, is including the box of seting up the circulation cavity and arranging the hydrogen gas jar in the circulation cavity in, the box includes bottom plate, curb plate and roof, the curb plate runs through and sets up the opening that supplies the gas to flow through.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when hydrogen has the leakage in the hydrogen jar in the circulation cavity, circulation cavity and the atmospheric intercommunication in the external world can be realized in the setting of circulation hole, can discharge the hydrogen in the circulation cavity, prevent that hydrogen in the circulation cavity from increasing along with time, hydrogen concentration constantly increases, the accident of blasting to guarantee the safety of hydrogen jar storage transportation in.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: and the side wall of the box body is also provided with a fan.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of fan can increase circulation cavity internal gas and atmosphere rate of taking a breath, realizes putting out circulation cavity internal hydrogen fast.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the inner wall of the side plate is also provided with a hydrogen sensor for detecting the hydrogen concentration, the hydrogen sensor is electrically connected with a PCL controller, and the PCL controller is electrically connected with the fan;

the hydrogen sensor detects the hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity, and the hydrogen sensor outputs a detection signal to the PCL controller, the PCL controller compares the detection signal with a preset reference value, when the detection signal is greater than the reference value, the PCL controller outputs an action signal to the fan, and when the fan receives the action signal, the fan is started and blows the gas in the circulation cavity out of the circulation cavity.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the linkage between hydrogen sensor, fan and the PCL controller, can realize when the internal hydrogen concentration of circulation cavity is too high, adopt the fan to blow off the hydrogen in the cavity of will circulating, realize with atmospheric taking a breath, when preventing because the too high incident that causes of hydrogen concentration, but also can reduce energy consumption.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the hydrogen sensor is arranged at one end of the side plate close to the top plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the density of hydrogen is lower, so set up and to carry out better control to the internal hydrogen concentration of circulation cavity, prevent that the internal hydrogen concentration of circulation cavity is too high.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the hydrogen sensors are arranged along the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the side plate and are electrically connected with the PCL controller;

the PCL controller firstly calculates an average value of a plurality of received detection signals, then compares the average value with a preset reference value, outputs an action signal to the fan when the average value of the detection signals is larger than the reference value, and starts up the fan when the fan receives the action signal and blows out the gas in the circulation cavity out of the circulation cavity.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement can detect the hydrogen concentration in the circulating cavity more accurately,

the present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the inner wall of the side plate is further connected with a louver, and fan blades of the louver are arranged upwards.

By adopting the technical scheme, the louver can shield rainwater to a certain degree,

the present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the lowest ends of the fan blades of the louver and the lowest end of the circulation hole are positioned on the same horizontal line.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, so set up, when the rainwater passes through the opening and gets into in the circulation cavity, sheltered from by the shutter, flow along the opening again, prevent that the rainwater from getting into the circulation cavity and falling on the hydrogen tank.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the central axis of the flow opening is inclined downwards in a direction away from the louver.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, so set up and make things convenient for the rainwater to flow more, moreover because the density of hydrogen is lower, hydrogen can flow upwards, and the circulation hole downward sloping can enlarge the flow range of hydrogen.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: and sun-proof layers are arranged on the outer sides of the top plate and the side plates.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting on sun-proof layer can play certain sun thermal-insulated effect, reduces the internal cavity of box because the intensification that arouses under the sun irradiation for a long time, reduces the sun and shines the potential safety hazard that causes in the hydrogen jar temperature rise in causing the hydrogen jar.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the sun-proof layer is a reflecting material layer or a solar radiation-proof material layer.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reflecting material or put sunshine radiation material all can play the heat that reduces sunshine and shine on the hydrogen jar, and then prevent because the incident that the hydrogen intensifies the temperature and leads to in the hydrogen jar.

The present invention may be further configured in a preferred embodiment as: the top plate includes first and second substrates and a sheet of insulating material between the first and second substrates.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of thermal-insulated material board can further reduce the heat that sunshine shines on the hydrogen jar, further improves the security performance of hydrogen jar.

The model number of the hydrogen sensor is ME3-H2

To sum up, the utility model discloses a following at least one useful technological effect:

1. the arrangement of the middle flow through hole of the utility model can realize the communication between the circulation cavity and the outside atmosphere, and exchange the hydrogen gas contained in the circulation cavity with the outside atmosphere, thereby preventing the hydrogen in the circulation cavity from increasing with time, the hydrogen concentration from increasing continuously and causing explosion accidents, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydrogen tank in the storage and transportation process;

2. the utility model discloses in through the linkage between hydrogen sensor, fan and the PCL controller, can realize when the hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity is too high, adopt the fan to blow off the hydrogen in the circulation cavity, realize taking a breath with atmospheric, improve the rate of taking a breath, when preventing to cause the incident because hydrogen concentration is too high, but also can reduce energy consumption;

3. the setting of shutter for when the rainwater passes through the opening and gets into in the circulation cavity, sheltered from by the shutter, flow along the opening again, prevent that the rainwater from getting into the circulation cavity and falling on the hydrogen tank.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the position relationship between the storage ventilation structure and the hydrogen energy generator car;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the storage ventilation structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a system connection diagram of the hydrogen sensor, PCL controller and fan embodied in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a half-section structure of the storage ventilation structure of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 4.

In the figure, 1, a box body; 11. a side plate; 111. a flow-through hole; 112. a slot; 12. a top plate; 121. splicing plates; 122. a first substrate; 123. a sheet of insulating material; 124. a second substrate; 125. inserting plates; 13. a flow-through chamber; 14. a base plate; 2. a hydrogen tank; 3. a fan blade; 4. a vehicle body; 5. a fan; 6. a hydrogen sensor; 7. a PCL controller.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Specifically, the following are described: the storage ventilation structure of hydrogen tank can be applied to arbitrary hydrogen tank storage structure in this application scheme, and if the collection case that commonly used hydrogen tank stored, then the box in following scheme refers to the collection case instead, also can be applied to hydrogen energy power generation car, also can be applied to indoor environment, also can be applied to outdoor environment. Because at present in fields such as electric power interruption, accident or interim with specific power supply place, emergency power generation car is an effective power supply mode, and the power supply mode based on remove emergency power generation car is mainly diesel generating set power supply mode at present, and the noise is big, easily causes environmental pollution, especially when using near residential area, can disturb resident's around normal life. The hydrogen energy is used as clean energy, has the outstanding advantages of high combustion efficiency, clean combustion products, easiness in low-cost storage and transportation, diversified purposes, rich reserves and the like, can not cause pollution when being applied to a power generation vehicle, has small noise due to no mechanical motion when being used for generating power, meets the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, and has wide prospect. Therefore, the structure and function of the storage and ventilation structure of the hydrogen tank applied to the hydrogen energy power generation vehicle are explained in detail in the following embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, for the utility model discloses a storage ventilation structure of hydrogen jar, this storage ventilation structure sets up on hydrogen energy power generation car's car body 4, this storage ventilation structure is including seting up box 1 of circulation cavity 13 and arranging hydrogen jar 2 in circulation cavity 13 in, box 1 includes bottom plate 14, curb plate 11 and roof 12, bottom plate 14 and car body 4 body coupling, set up a plurality of circulation holes 111 on the curb plate 11 and circulate with the gas and the atmosphere that supply in the circulation cavity 13, discharge the hydrogen in the cavity 13 that will circulate, prevent the increase along with time of hydrogen in the circulation cavity 13, hydrogen concentration constantly increases, the explosion accident, thereby guarantee the safety of hydrogen jar 2 storage transportation.

The number and the position of the circulation holes 111 can be set according to requirements, and if the overall aesthetic property is improved, the overall circulation holes 111 are in a specific shape, and only the gas in the circulation cavity 13 needs to be discharged.

In order to rapidly discharge the gas containing hydrogen in the circulation cavity 13, the side plate 11 is further provided with the fan 5, and the arrangement of the fan 5 can increase the air exchange rate between the gas in the circulation cavity 13 and the atmosphere, so that the hydrogen in the circulation cavity 13 can be rapidly discharged.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a hydrogen sensor 6 for detecting hydrogen concentration is further installed in the flow-through cavity 13, the hydrogen sensor 6 is electrically connected to a PCL controller 7, the PCL controller 7 is electrically connected to the fan 5, the hydrogen sensor 6 detects hydrogen concentration in the flow-through cavity 13, the hydrogen sensor 6 outputs a detection signal to the PCL controller 7, the PCL controller 7 compares the detection signal with a preset reference value, when the detection signal is greater than the reference value, the PCL controller 7 outputs an action signal to the fan 5, and when the fan 5 receives the action signal, the fan 5 is started and blows gas in the flow-through cavity 13 out of the flow-through cavity 13. The hydrogen sensor 6 in this example is of the type ME3-H2, and is mounted in a manner conventional to those skilled in the art. Through the linkage between hydrogen sensor 6, fan 5 and the PCL controller 7, can realize when the hydrogen concentration is too high in the circulation cavity 13, adopt fan 5 to blow off the hydrogen in the circulation cavity 13, realize with atmospheric taking a breath, improve the efficiency of taking a breath, when preventing because the too high incident that causes of hydrogen concentration, can also more accurately be to the opportunity of controlling exhaust hydrogen, reduce energy consumption.

Because the density of hydrogen is lower, the hydrogen of leaking in the circulation cavity 13 can the upward movement, section hydrogen concentration is great on the circulation cavity 13, in order to control the hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity 13 better, consequently, hydrogen sensor 6 installs and is close to roof 12 one end at circulation cavity 13, can install and be close to roof 12 one side at curb plate 11, can carry out better control to hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity 13, prevent that hydrogen concentration is too high in the circulation cavity 13.

The number of the hydrogen sensors 6 may be 1, or may be multiple, in order to more accurately measure the hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity 13, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the number of the hydrogen sensors 6 is multiple, the hydrogen sensors 6 are all electrically connected to the PCL controller 7, the hydrogen sensors 6 detect the hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity 13, and all output detection signals to the PCL controller 7, the PCL controller 7 firstly calculates an average value of the received detection signals, and then compares the average value with a preset reference value, when the average value of the detection signals is greater than the reference value, the PCL controller 7 outputs an action signal to the fan 5, when the fan 5 receives the action signal, the fan 5 is started, and the gas in the circulation cavity 13 is blown out of the circulation cavity 13. So can be more accurate to hydrogen concentration measurement, especially if there is a hydrogen sensor 6 malfunctioning, other hydrogen sensors 6 can normally measure in addition, further prevent to cause the incident because hydrogen concentration is too high in the circulation cavity 13.

When the hydrogen energy power generation vehicle is located outdoors, although the arrangement of the circulation hole 111 can play a role in ventilation, when the hydrogen energy power generation vehicle is located outdoors, rainwater can enter the circulation cavity 13 through the circulation hole 111 when the vehicle rains outdoors, which is not beneficial to the storage of the hydrogen tank 2, in order to prevent the rainwater from entering the circulation cavity 13, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a louver is further fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side plate 11, the louver 3 is arranged upwards, and the lowest end of the louver 3 and the lowest end of the circulation hole 111 are located on the same horizontal line. So set up, when the rainwater gets into circulation cavity 13 in through circulation hole 111, sheltered from by the shutter, flow out along circulation hole 111 again, prevent that the rainwater from getting into circulation cavity 13 and falling on hydrogen tank 2.

Further, the central axis of the flow hole 111 is inclined downward in a direction away from the louver. So set up and make things convenient for the rainwater to flow more, moreover because the density of hydrogen is lower, hydrogen can flow upwards, and the circulation hole 111 downward sloping can enlarge the flow range of hydrogen.

Because the hydrogen energy power generation car is usually in the open air, especially when moving under the circumstances, have sunshine direct irradiation roof 12 and curb plate 11 on, along with the increase of irradiation time, the interior gas temperature of circulation cavity 13 constantly risees, and hydrogen is heated easy explosion in the hydrogen jar 2, consequently, in order to reduce the temperature rising problem that arouses because the direct incidence of sunshine in circulation cavity 13, roof 12 is far away from bottom plate 14 one side and/or the side that curb plate 11 kept away from each other is provided with sun-proof layer, and curb plate 11 runs through and has seted up a plurality of circulation holes 111. The sun-proof layer is a reflective material layer or a solar radiation-proof material layer, the reflective material layer or the solar radiation-proof material layer can be formed by directly spraying a solar radiation-proof coating or a reflective coating on the top plate 12 and/or the side plate 11, or can be a film or a plate formed by directly arranging a reflective material or a solar radiation-proof material on the top plate 12 and/or the side plate 11, the above-mentioned scheme can be realized only by forming the sun-proof layer of the reflective material or the solar radiation-proof material on the top plate 12 and/or the side plate 11, and the effect of reducing the heat of the sunlight irradiating the hydrogen tank 2 is achieved, at this time, the gas in the circulation hole 111 not only flows to realize the air exchange of the gas containing hydrogen with the outside atmosphere, and the hydrogen concentration in the light body is reduced, but also can realize the air exchange of the hot gas at a certain temperature, prevent the explosion of hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 2 due to heating, further improve the hydrogen storage safety.

As shown in fig. 5, when the storage ventilation structure of the hydrogen tank 2 is located outdoors for a long time, since the top plate 12 is often irradiated by the sun, the sun radiation prevention or light reflection prevention effect of the sun blocking layer of the top plate 12 is reduced, in order to replace the top plate 12, the top plate 12 is formed by splicing a plurality of jointed boards 121 (see fig. 2), the jointed boards 121 are detachably connected with the side plate 11, specifically, the upper end surface of the side plate 11 is provided with a slot 112, the end surface of the jointed board 121 connected with the side plate 11 extends downwards to form an insertion plate 125, and the insertion plate 125 is inserted into the slot 112. So set up, both can realize dismantling between makeup 121 and curb plate 11 and be connected, conveniently change makeup 121, adopt this kind of grafting mode to guarantee the sealing performance between makeup 121 and the curb plate 11 moreover, can prevent that sunshine from shining on hydrogen tank 2 from the gap between makeup 121 and curb plate 11.

The top plate 12 may be a plate material whose end surface is provided with a sun protection layer, the top plate 12 may also be a top plate 12 including a first substrate 122, a second substrate 124 and a heat insulation material plate 123, the heat insulation material plate 123 is located between the first substrate 122 and the second substrate 124, the heat insulation material plate 123 may be a plate material made of a heat insulation material with a low thermal conductivity coefficient, such as rock wool, and the like, and the heat insulation material plate 123 may further reduce the amount of heat of sunlight irradiated onto the hydrogen tank 2, and further improve the safety performance of the hydrogen tank 2, so the top plate 12 in this embodiment is preferably the top plate 12 including the first substrate 122, the second substrate 124 and the heat insulation material plate 123.

When the top board 12 includes the first base board 122, the second base board 124 and the heat insulation material board 123, considering the radiation protection or reflection protection effect of the top board 12 and the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation material board 123, the first base board 122 covers the side board 11, two ends of the second base board 124 near one side of the side board 11 extend downwards to form the insertion board 125, and the insertion board 125 is inserted into the insertion slot 112. So set up, both realized dismantling between roof 12 and the curb plate 11 and be connected, realized protecting against radiation to the comprehensive of up end through first base plate 122 moreover, still realize makeup 121 and curb plate 11 sealed, it is better to thermal-insulated effect. At this time, the insertion portion is formed by extending one of the heat insulation material plates 123 of the adjacent jointed boards 121 towards the direction in which the adjacent heat insulation material plate 123 approaches, correspondingly, the insertion opening is formed on the adjacent heat insulation material plate 123 for the insertion portion to be inserted, and when the insertion portion is inserted into the insertion opening, the upper and lower end surfaces of the heat insulation material plate 123 are respectively tightly attached to the first base plate 122 and the second base plate 124 of the adjacent jointed board 121.

The embodiment of this specific implementation mode is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit according to this the utility model discloses a protection scope, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen tank, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage tank comprises a tank body (1) provided with a circulation cavity (13) and a hydrogen tank (2) arranged in the circulation cavity (13), wherein the tank body (1) comprises a bottom plate (14), a side plate (11) and a top plate (12), and the side plate (11) penetrates through a circulation hole (111) through which gas flows.

2. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a fan (5) is further mounted on the side wall of the box body (1).

3. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen tank in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that: a hydrogen sensor (6) for detecting the concentration of hydrogen is further installed in the circulation cavity (13), the hydrogen sensor (6) is electrically connected with a PCL controller (7), and the PCL controller (7) is electrically connected with the fan (5);

the hydrogen sensor (6) detects the hydrogen concentration in the circulation cavity (13), and the hydrogen sensor (6) outputs a detection signal to the PCL controller (7), the PCL controller (7) compares the detection signal with a preset reference value, when the detection signal is greater than the reference value, the PCL controller (7) outputs an action signal to the fan (5), and when the fan (5) receives the action signal, the fan (5) is started, and the gas in the circulation cavity (13) is blown out of the circulation cavity (13).

4. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: the hydrogen sensor (6) is arranged at one end of the circulation cavity (13) close to the top plate (12).

5. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: the hydrogen sensors (6) are arranged in plurality, and the hydrogen sensors (6) are all electrically connected with the PCL controller (7);

the hydrogen sensors (6) detect the concentration of hydrogen in the circulation cavity (13) and output detection signals to the PCL controller (7), the PCL controller (7) firstly calculates the average value of the received detection signals, then compares the average value with a preset reference value, when the average value of the detection signals is larger than the reference value, the PCL controller (7) outputs an action signal to the fan (5), and when the fan (5) receives the action signal, the fan (5) is started and blows the gas in the circulation cavity (13) out of the circulation cavity (13).

6. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the side plate (11) is further connected with a shutter, and fan blades (3) of the shutter are arranged upwards.

7. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lowest end of the fan blades (3) of the louver is positioned on the same horizontal line with the lowest end of the circulating hole (111).

8. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen tank in accordance with claim 7, wherein: the central axis of the flow hole (111) is inclined downward in a direction away from the louver.

9. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: and sun-proof layers are arranged on the outer sides of the top plate (12) and the side plates (11).

10. A storage ventilation structure of a hydrogen gas tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top plate (12) includes first and second base plates (122, 124) and a sheet of insulating material (123) between the first and second base plates (122, 124).